POWER SYSTEMS- COMPREHENSIVE HOUR

1.Isolators are used for disconnecting a circuit when:

a) Line is energized b) Line is on full load c) Line carries no current
d) Can be operated under any condition

2. Under-voltage relay is mostly used for:

a) Transformer protection b) Bus-bar protection c) Motor protection d) Feeder protection

3. Earth fault relays are:

a) Directional relay b) Non-directional relay c) Short operate time relay d) Under voltage relay

4. Differential relays are used for the protection of equipments against:

a) Internal faults b) Over-current c) Reverse current d) Reverse power

5. Admittance relay is:

a) Non-directional relay b) Directional relay c) Differential relay d) None of the above

6. The torque developed in Induction type relay is:

a) Directly proportional to the current b) Directly proportional to the square of the
current
c) Directly proportional to square root of the current d) Inversely proportional to the current

7. Buchholz relay is a:
a) Oil actuating relay b) Current actuating relay c) Gas actuating relay
d) Oil temperature-actuating relay

8. The relay with inverse time characteristics will operate within:

a) 10 msec b) 5 to 10 sec c) 10 to 20 sec d) above 25 sec

9. The operation speed of a relay depends on:

a) Rate of flux buildup b) Armature core air gap c) Spring tension d) All the above

10. Which of the following relays has inherent directional characteristics:

a) Mho relay b) Impedance relay c) Reactance relay d) Distance relay

11. In the following figure, the relay circuit is divided into three parts. What does the first part consist of?

a) Primary winding of a current CT which is connected in series with the line to be protected.
b) Secondary of the CT and the operating coil.
c) Tripping circuit.
d) None of these
12. A three phase, 33 kV oil circuit breaker is rated 1200 A, 2000 MVA, 3s. What is its symmetrical
breaking current?
a. 1200 A b. 3600 A c. 35 kA d. 104.8 kA

13. Which of the following circuit breakers is used for the railway electrification?
a. Air blast circuit breaker b. SF6 circuit breaker
c. Bulk oil circuit breaker d. Minimum oil circuit breaker

14. A three phase circuit breaker is rated 2000 MVA, 33 kV. What will be its making current?
a. 35 kA b. 49 kA c. 70 kA d. 89 kA

15. Assertion(A): In comparison to making capacity of a circuit breaker its breaking capacity is normally
higher.
Reason (R): The breaking capacity of a CB is expressed as √3 * VI * 10-6 MVA
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true.

16. In the following figure, which component ensures the safety of the line from damage?

a. Relay b. Circuit breaker c. Bus bar d. Current transformer

17. Why is it difficult to interrupt a capacitive circuit?

a. The current has a leading power factor.
b. The restriking voltage can be high.
c. Current magnitude is very small.
d. Stored energy in the capacitor is very high.

18. In a short circuit test on a circuit breaker, the following readings were obtained
on single frequency transients
a. Time to reach the peak re striking voltage – 50μ sec
b. The peak re striking voltage, 100 kV
What is its average RRRV?
a. 2*106kV/sec b. 3*105kV/sec c. 2*105kV/sec d. 3*106kV/sec

19. To limit current chopping in vacuum circuit breakers, the contact material
employed should have the properties of
a. Low conductivity and high vapour pressure.
b. Low conductivity and low vapour pressure.
c. High conductivity and high vapour pressure.
d. High conductivity and low vapour pressure.
20. For a current upto 10A which material is used as the fusing element?
a. Copper b. Silver c. Alloy of lead and tin d. Zinc

21. What is the relation between the fusing current and the diameter of the wire?
a. I = k d3 b. I = k d3/2 c. I = k d2 d. I = k d2/3

22. A fuse wire of circular cross section has a radius of 0.8mm. The wire blows off at a
current of 9A. What will be the radius of the wire that will blow off
at a current of 1A?
a. 0.2 mm b. 0.18 mm c. 0.28 mm d. 0.3 mm

23. When a fault occurs in a high voltage transmission line, what happens first?
a. Circuit breaker operates then the relay.
b. Relay operates and then the circuit breaker.
c. Relay operates, then successively the isolator and the circuit breaker.
d. Isolator operates, then successively the relay and the circuit breaker.

24. The resistance of an electric arc can be increased by

a. Increasing the concentration of ionised particles. b. Reducing the arc length.
c. Splitting the arc. d. Increasing the arc cross section.

25. For a high speed circuit breaker what will the total clearing time?
a. Few minutes. b. Few seconds. c. 1 to 2 cycles. d. 5 to 20 cycles.

26. The most suitable location for the power factor improvement device is
a. Near the electrical appliance which is responsible for the poor power factor.
b. At the sending end. c. At the receiving end in case of transmission lines.
d. Both (a) and (c). e. None of the above

27. What is tariff?

a. The rate at which electrical energy is produced in the plant.
b. The rate at which electrical energy is supplied to the consumers.
c. Both (a) and (b). d. None of these.

28. For a consumer what is the most economical power factor?

a. 0.25 – 0.5 lagging b. 0.25 – 0.5 leading
c. 0.85 – 0.95 lagging d. 0.85 – 0.95 leading

29. Phase advancers are used for which among the following machines?
a. Transformers b. Synchronous machines c. Induction motors d. DC machines

30. The definition of the draught system is

a. A device used to pull in air.
b. The difference between absolute gas pressure at any point in a gas flow and the ambient atmospheric
pressure.
c. The sum of the absolute gas pressure at any point in a gas flow and the ambient atmospheric pressure.
d. A device used to pull out air.
31. Block rate tariff, where energy charge decreases with the increase in energy consumption,
a. Encourages the consumers for more consumption.
b. Discourages the consumers for more consumption.
c. Encourages the consumers to restrict their demand.
d. Encourages the consumers to improve the power factor

32. The efficiency of the solar cell is about

a. 25 % b. 15 % c. 40 % d. 60 %

33. For satellites the source of energy is

a. Solar cell b. Fuel cells c. Edison cells d. Cryogenic storage

34. The harmful emissions such as sulphur are removed from gas before it is discharged
to the atmosphere through which instrument?
a. Duct b. Mufflers c. Stark d. All of these

35. In a fuel cell, electrical energy is produced by

a. Reaction of hydrogen with oxygen b. Thermionic action
c. Combustion of fuel in the absence of oxygen d. All of the above

36. Capacitance between the two conductors of a single phase two wire line is 0.5 μ F/km. What is the
value of capacitance of each conductor to neutral?
a. 0.5 μ F / km b. 1 μ F / km c. 0.25 μ F / km d. 2.0 μ F / km

37. What happens in case of capacitance of line to ground, if the effect of earth is taken into account?
a. Capacitance of line to ground decreases b. Capacitance of line to ground increases
c. The capacitance remains unaltered d. The capacitance becomes infinite

38. What is the charging current per km for the transmission line shown in the figure. Operating at 132
kV, the conductor diameter is 0.8 cm.

a. 0.314 A/km b. 0.21 A/km c. 0.45 A/km d. 0.11 A/km

39. On what concept is electrically short, medium and long lines based?
a. Nominal voltage of the line b. Physical length of the line
c. Wavelength of the line d. Power transmitted over the line

40. Why are the inter sheaths in cables used?

a. Provides proper stress distribution b. Minimises the stress
c. Provides protection against moisture, current and voltage surges d. To improve the insulation
41. A single core cable 5 km long has an insulation resistance of 0.35 M Ω. The core diameter is 20 mm
and the diameter of the cable over the insulation is 50mm. What will be the resistivity of the insulating
material?
a. 13 * 109 Ω m b. 12 * 109 Ω m c. 13.5 * 109 Ω m d. 12.85 * 109 Ω m

42. The charging current drawn by the cable _____________.

a. Lags behind the voltage by 90° b. Leads the voltage by 90°
c. Are in phase with each other d. Leads the voltage by 60°

43. What is the loss factor in a distribution system?

a. 0.3 * load factor + 0.7 (load factor)2 b. 0.5 * (load factor)

c. Load factor d. 0.7 * load factor + 0.3 (load factor)2

44. A uniformly loaded dc distributor is fed at both ends with equal voltages. In comparison to a similar
distributor fed at one end only, what will be the maximum voltage drop?

a. One fourth b. Half c. One third d. One sixth

45. Assertion (A): The string efficiency can be improved by using long cross arms.
Reason
(R): Use of long cross arms reduces the ratio of capacity to earth to
capacity per insulator thereby increasing the string efficiency.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true

46. Assertion (A): Capacitance grading improves the string efficiency not more than 220 kV.
Reason (R): In capacitance grading the units used are of different capacitance and so are not
interchangeable.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true

47. What is the critical disruptive voltage of a three phase line which has a conductor of 2 cm in diameter
which are spaced equilaterally 1m apart, if the dielectric strength of air is about 30 kV/cm, and air density
about 0.952 and irregularity factor 0.9?
a. 152.36 kV b. 146.235 kV c. 144.95 kV d. 111.235 kV

48. Assertion
(A): The maximum operating temperature of overhead line conductors made
of aluminium or copper is restricted to 75 °C.
Reason (R): conductors beyond this limit may shatter the insulator.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true.

49. Why is the wavy structure of pin insulators used?

a. Increases mechanical strength. b. Increases puncture strength.
c. Increases flash over voltage. d. Increases thermal strength.

50. The effect of dirt on the surface of the conductor is to _____________ irregularity
and thereby ________________ the break down voltage.
a. Decreases, reduces b. Increases, increases
c. Increases, reduces d. Decreases, increases

51. The inductance of a transmission line is minimum when_____________

a. GMD is high b. GMR is high
c. Both GMD and GMR are high d. GMD is low and GMR is high

52. A three phase, 50Hz transmission line consists of three equal conductors of radii ‘r’ placed in a
horizontal plane with a spacing of 6m between middle and outer conductor. If the radius of each
conductor is 12.5 mm, then inductance per phase per km of the transposed line will be
a. 1.33 mH/km b. 1.65 mH/km c. 0.38 mH/km d. 2.145 mH/km

53. Assertion (A): Transposition of conductors in a transmission line is necessary.

Reason (R): Corona losses are reduced by transposition of conductors.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true

54. Assertion (A): the concept of GMD is applicable for the calculation of inductance of transmission
lines.
Reason
(R): The radius of the conductor of transmission lines, in the
expression for inductance is not the self GMD of the conductor.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true

55. Consider two buses connected by an impedence of (0 + 5j)Ω. The bus ‘1’
voltage is 100<300 V, and bus ‘2’ voltage is 100<00 V. The real and
reactive power supplied by bus ‘1’ respectively are
(A) 1000 W, 268 VAr (B) −1000 W, −134 VAr
(C) 276.9 W, −56.7 VAr (D) −276.9 W, 56.7 VAr

56. Consider a stator winding of an alternator with an internal high-resistance ground fault. The currents
under the fault condition are as shown in the figure The winding is protected using a differential current
scheme with current transformers of ratio 400/5 A as shown. The current through the operating coils is
(A) 0.1875 A (B) 0.2 A (C) 0.375 A (D) 60 kA

57. The zero-sequence circuit of the three phase transformer shown in the figure Is

58. Out of the following plant categories

(i) Nuclear
(ii) Run-of-river
(iii) Pump Storage
(iv) Diesel
The base load power plant are
(A) (i) and (ii) (B) (ii) and (iii)
(C) (i), (ii) and (iv) (D) (i), (iii) and (iv)

59. The parameters of a transposed overhead transmission line are given as : Self reactance XS = 0.4Ω/km
and Mutual reactance Xm = 0.1Ω/km The positive sequence reactance X1 and zero sequence reactance X0,
respectively in Ω/km are
(A) 0.3, 0.2 (B) 0.5, 0.2 (C) 0.5, 0.6 (D) 0.3, 0.6
60. At an industrial sub-station with a 4 MW load, a capacitor of
2 MVAR is installed to maintain the load power factor at 0.97 lagging. If the
capacitor goes out of service, the load power factor becomes
(A) 0.85 (B) 1.00 (C) 0.80 lag (D) 0.90 lag

61. What is the purpose of bedding on the underground cables?

a. To avoid leakage of current.
b. To protect the sheath against corrosion.
c. To protect the sheath from mechanical injury due to armouring.
d. Both (b) and (c)

62. Which among the following cables are generally suited for the voltages upto 11 kV?
a. Belted cables b. Screened cables c. Pressure cables d. None of these

63. In the modelling of short length overhead transmission line, why is the line capacitance to ground not
considered?
a. Equal to zero b. Finite but very small c. Finite but very large d. Infinite

64. For a short line if the receiving end voltage is equal to sending end voltage under loaded conditions
a. The sending end power factor is unity. b. The receiving end power factor is unity.
c. The sending end power factor is leading. d. The receiving end power factor is leading.

65.Skin effect exist only in

a. Low voltage DC overhead transmission b. High voltage DC overhead transmission
c. Cable carrying DC current d. AC transmission

66.Purpose of choke in a fluorescent tube is to

a. Increase voltage momentarily b.Decrease current
c. Increase current d.Decrease voltage momentarily

67.The permissible voltage drop from supply terminal to any point on the wiring system should not
exceed
a.1%+1 volt b.3%+1 volt c.4%+1 volt d.2%+ 1 volt

68. Acceptable value of grounding resistance to domestic application is

a.0.1Ω b.1Ω c.10Ω d.100Ω

69. What happens in a long transmission lines under no load?

a. The receiving end voltage is less than the sending end voltage.
b. The sending end voltage is less then receiving end voltage.
c. The sending end voltage is equal to receiving end voltage.
d. None of these

70. Transmission efficiency of a transmission line increases with the ____________.

a. decrease in power factor and voltage.
b. increase in power factor and voltage.
c. increase in power factor but decrease in voltage.
d. increase in voltage and decrease in power factor.