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Industrial Standards of Pipe Fittings

2018-02-21

 Industry News
 News

What are Industrial Standards of Pipe Fittings?

The manufacture and installation of pipe fittings are tightly regulated by various
standards and codes.

The integrity of pipe fittings and flanges in the piping system depends on various
principles used in design, construction and maintenance of the entire system. The
components of pipe fittings are made in different materials, in a variety of types and sizes
and hence should be manufactured according to common national standards or according
to manufacturers‘ proprietary item. Some manufacturers also use their own internal piping
standards based upon national and industry sector standards.

Difference between “Standard” and “Codes”:

Piping codes imply the requirements of design, fabrication, use of materials, tests and
inspection of various pipe and piping system. It has a limited jurisdiction defined by the
code. On the other hand, piping standards imply application design and construction rules
and requirements for pipe fittings like adapters, flanges, sleeves, elbows,
union, tees, valves etc. Like a code, it also has a limited scope defined by the standard.
Factors affecting standards:
―Standards‖ on pipe fittings are based on certain factors like as follows:

 Pressure-temperature ratings
 Size
 Design
 Coatings
 Materials
 Marking
 End connections
 Dimensions and tolerances
 Threading
 Pattern taper etc.

Types of pipe fitting standards:

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Some widely used pipe fitting standards are as follows:

ASME:
American Society for Mechanical Engineers

This is one of the reputed organizations in the world developing codes and standards.

The schedule number for pipe fitting starts from ASME/ANSI B16. The various
classifications of ASME/ANSI B16 standards for different pipe fittings are as follows:

 ASME/ANSI B16.1 – 1998 – Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
 ASME/ANSI B16.3 – 1998 – Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings
 ASME/ANSI B16.4 – 1998 – Cast Iron Threaded Fittings
 ASME/ANSI B16.5 – 1996 – Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
 ASME/ANSI B16.11 – 2001 – Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and
Threaded
 ASME/ANSI B16.14 – 1991 – Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings and Locknuts with
Pipe Threads
 ASME/ANSI B16.15 – 1985 (R1994) – Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings
 ASME/ANSI B16.25 – 1997 – Buttwelding Ends
 ASME/ANSI B16.36 – 1996 – Orifice Flanges etc.

ASTM International:
American Society for Testing and Materials

This is one of the largest voluntary standards development organizations in the world. It
was originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

 ASTM A105 / A105M – Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping
Applications
 ASTM A234 / A234M – Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel
and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
 ASTM A403 / A403M – Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping
Fittings
 ASTM A420 / A420M – Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought
Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service

AWWA
American Water Works Association

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AWWA About – Established in 1881, the American Water Works Association is the largest
nonprofit, scientific and educational association dedicated to managing and treating water,
the world‘s most important resource.

 AWWA C110 – Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3 Inch Through 48 Inch (75 mm
Through 1200 mm), for Water and Other Liquids
 AWWA C208 – Dimensions for Fabricated Steel Water Pipe Fittings

ANSI:
The American National Standards Institute

The American National Standards Institute

ANSI is a private, non-profit organization. Its main function is to administer and coordinate
the U.S. voluntary standardization and conformity assessment system. It provides a forum
for development of American national standards. ANSI assigns ―schedule numbers‖.
These numbers classify wall thicknesses for different pressure uses.

MSS STANDARDS
Manufacturers Standardization Society

The Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) of the Valve and Fittings Industry is a
non-profit technical association organized for development and improvement of industry,
national and international codes and standards for: Valves, Valve Actuators, Valve
Modification, Pipe Fittings, Pipe Hangers, Pipe Supports, Flanges and Associated Seals

 MSS SP-43 – Wrought Stainless Steel ButtWelding Fittings Including Reference

to Other Corrosion Resistant Materials
 MSS SP-75 – Specifications for High Test Wrought Buttwelding Fittings
 MSS SP-73 – Brazing Joints for Copper and Copper Alloy Pressure Fittings
 MSS SP-83 – Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
 MSS SP-97 – Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings — Socket
Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends
 MSS SP-106 – Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings Class 125,150,
and 300
 MSS SP-119 – Factory-Made Wrought Belled End Socket Welding Fittings

Difference between “Standard” and “Codes”:

Piping codes imply the requirements of design, fabrication, use of materials, tests and
inspection of various pipe and piping system. It has a limited jurisdiction defined by the
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code. On the other hand, piping standards imply application design and construction rules
and requirements for pipe fittings like adapters, flanges, sleeves, elbows, union, tees,
valves etc. Like a code, it also has a limited scope defined by the standard.

Factors affecting standards:

―Standards‖ on pipe fittings are based on certain factors like as follows:

 Pressure-temperature ratings
 Size
 Design
 Coatings
 Materials
 Marking
 End connections
 Dimensions and tolerances
 Threading
 Pattern taper etc.

BSP:
British Standard Pipe

BSP is the U.K. standard for pipe fittings. This refers to a family of standard screw thread
types for interconnecting and sealing pipe ends by mating an external (male) with an
internal (female) thread. This has been adopted internationally. It is also known as British
Standard Pipe Taper threads (BSPT )or British Standard Pipe Parallel (Straight) threads
(BSPP ). While the BSPT achieves pressure tight joints by the threads alone, the BSPP
requires a sealing ring.

JIS:
Japanese Industrial Standards

This is the Japanese industrial standards or the standards used for industrial activities in
Japan for pipe, tube and fittings and published through Japanese Standards Associations.

NPT:
National Pipe Thread

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National Pipe Thread is a U.S. standard straight (NPS) threads or for tapered (NPT)
threads. This is the most popular US standard for pipe fittings. NPT fittings are based on
the internal diameter (ID) of the pipe fitting.

BOLTS & NUTS

We are manufacturer of Flange bolts & Nuts and supply high quality

 A193 = This specification covers alloy and stainless steel bolting material
for pressure vessels, Valves, flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high
pressure service, or other special purpose applications.
 A320 = Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting
Materials for Low-Temperature Service.
 A194 = Standard specification for nuts in many different material types.

AN:
Here, ―A‖ stands for Army and ―N‖ stands for Navy

The AN standard was originally designed for the U.S. Military. Whenever, a pipe fitting is
AN fittings, it means that the fittings are measured on the outside diameter of the fittings,
that is, in 1/16 inch increments.

For example, an AN 4 fitting means a fitting with an external diameter of approximately

4/16″ or ¼‖. It is to be noted that approximation is important because AN external
diameter is not a direct fit with an equivalent NPT thread.

Dash (-) size

Dash size is the standard used to refer to the inside diameter of a hose. This indicates the
size by a two digit number which represents the relative ID in sixteenths of an inch. This is
also used interchangeably with AN fittings. For example, a Dash ―8‖ fitting means an AN 8
fitting.

ISO:
International Organization for Standardization

ISO is the industrial pipe, tube and fittings standards and specifications from the
International Organization for Standardization. ISO standards are numbered. They have
format as follows:

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“ISO[/IEC] [IS] nnnnn[:yyyy] Title” where

 nnnnn: standard number

 yyyy: year published, and
 Title: describes the subject

A STANDARD HOSE GUIDE IS GIVEN

Hose Size In Nominal ID Inch Dash Size Standard Dash Size

1/4 3/16 -04
3/8 5/16 -06
1/2 13/32 -08
3/4 5/8 -12
1 7/8 -16
1½ – –
1¼ 1 1/8 -20
Flanges: Ratings in Classes and Pressure Numbers (PN)

Flange Class 150 300 600 900 1500 2500

Flange Pressure Number, PN 20 50 100 150 250 420

How a Butt Weld Fitting is Made?

Buttweld pipe fittings comprises of long radius elbow, concentric reducer, eccentric
reducers and Tees etc. Butt weld stainless steel and carbon steel fittings are an important
part of industrial piping system to change direction, branch off or to mechanically join
equipment to the system. Buttweld fittings are sold in nominal pipe sizes with specified
pipe schedule. BW fitting‘s dimensions and tolerances are defined as per ASME standard
B16.9.

A butt weld pipe fitting is made by the process of hot forming that includes bending and
forming to shape. The starting material of butt weld fitting is a pipe that is cut to length,
heated and molded into specific shapes by means of dies. Heat treatment is also done to
remove residual stresses and obtain desired mechanical properties.

There are numerous processes for manufacturing butt weld fittings, several examples
listed as follows.

PIPE TEES:

Extrusion method (Hot Forming)

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The hot-extrusion process consists of enclosing a piece of metal, heated to forging

temperature, in a chamber called a ―container‖ having a die at one end with an opening of
the shape of the desired finished section, and applying pressure to the metal through the
opposite end of the container. The metal is forced through the opening, the shape of
which it assumes in cross-section, as the metal flows plastically under the great pressures
used.

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TEES USING RAW MATERIAL WITH A BIGGER DIAMETER THAN THE FINISHED PRODUCT, THE
BRANCH OUTLET IS EXTRUDED FROM PIPE WHILE THE MAIN BODY IS BEING PRESSED. THE
OUTLET’S WALL THICKNESS CAN ALSO BE ADJUSTED AS NEEDED. APPLIED TO TEES WITH
LARGE DIAMETERS, HEAVY WALL THICKNESS AND/OR SPECIAL MATERIAL WITH
CHALLENGING WORKABILITY THAT CANNOT BE MANUFACTURED USING THE HYDRAULIC
BULGE METHOD.

PIPE ELBOWS:

Mandrel method (Hot Forming)

One of the most common manufacturing methods for manufacturing Elbows from pipes.
After heating the raw material, it is pushed over a die called ―mandrel‖ which allows the
pipe to expand and bend simultaneously.

Elbows manufactured by using hot mandrel bending have advantages of small thickness
deviation and shorter bending radius than those of any other bending method type.

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PIPE CAPS:

Deep Drawing method

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One of the most common manufacturing methods for caps, where plate is cut out in a
circle and formed by deep drawing.

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Deep drawing is the manufacturing process of forming sheet metal stock, called blanks,
into geometrical or irregular shapes that are more than half their diameters in depth. Deep
drawing involves stretching the metal blank around a plug and then moving it into a
moulding cutter called a die.

A drawing press can be used for forming sheet metal into different shapes and the
finished shape depends on the final position that the blanks are pushed down in. The
metal used in deep drawing must be malleable as well as resistant to stress and tension
damage.

Forging may be performed under hammers, in mechanical presses and upsetters or by a

method known as roll forging. Pressing generally includes the manufacture of forged
articles in hydraulic presses. Extrusion usually is performed in hydraulic presses which
force the hot steel through a die. Rolling is performed in rolling mills of a variety of types.
The two principal reasons for perform metal forming at elevated temperatures (hot
working) are to reduce the forming loads through the reduction of the resistance of the
steel to deformation, and to develop preferred metallurgical structures for strength and
ductility of the finish products. The most appropriate manufacturing method of a product
will be decided with consideration of its material, sizes, shape, use, standards and other
properties.

Production process of butt weld fittings

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Production process of butt weld fittings includes a series of steps like Annealing,
Straightening, Pickiling & Passivation and Polishing. These bult weld fittings are produced
using latest technology, ensuring excellent strength and long service life. The process
needs a lesser amount of heat treatments to ensure better physical properties.

The series of steps involved in the manufacturing Process of But weld Fittings are given in
a detailed view below:
Annealing: Annealing is also known as heat treatment, which plays an active role in the
production. In this step, the tubes are carried out in fully automated and conveyor to heat
them at certain temperature. Once the tubes get heated, they immediately quench in
water.
Straightening: The tubes are straightened with the help of straightening machine to
provide a high degree of straightness in this step.
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Pickling: The process of Pickling refers to the removal of high temperature scale and
adjacent low chromium layer of metal from the surface of stainless steel.
Passivation: Passivation is the process of treating the surface of stainless steels in order
to eliminate the contaminants from the metal. The process also helps in promoting the
formation of a continuous passive film on a freshly created surface.
Polishing: The final step, is named as Polishing that reflects the wonderful quality, high
aesthetic & hygienic value and high durability of bult weld fittings. Polishing is a essential
step to gain excellent features for meeting the varied demands of clients.
Production process of elbow: hot forming

Production process of elbow: cold forming

Production process of elbow: Non-metallic single-welding

Production process of elbow: pressing stereotype

Process of tee: push stereotype

Production process of tee: Hot-drawing Forming

Production process of reducer: Pressing Stereotype

Production process of reducer: Pressure Molding

Production process of pipe cap: pressing stereotype

Production process of lap joint stub end: Pressure Molding

Sizes and Dimensions of Pipe Fittings

Pipe fittings dimensions are in either metric or Standard English. Because pipe fitting
covers Pipe Fitting Dimensions several aspects, only the most common pipe fitting sizes
can be given here.

How are pipe fittings measured?

Pipe fittings are measured by their diameter, wall thickness (known as ―schedule‖), and
shape or configuration. (Fittings are also defined by their material grade and whether they
are welded or seamless.)
Diameter refers to outside diameter of a pipe or fitting.
The North American standard is known as Nominal Pipe Size (NPS). The International
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Standard is known as Diameter Nominal (DN). Pipes and fittings are actually made in
similar sizes around the world: they are just labeled differently.
From ½ in to 12 inch ―Nominal Pipe Size‖, outside diameters are slightly larger than
indicated size; inside diameters get smaller as schedules grow.
From 14 in and larger ―Nominal Pipe Size‖, outside diameters are exactly as indicated size;
inside diameters get smaller as schedules grow.
As with other North American standards (inch, foot, yard, mile, …), many pipe standards
(diameters up to 12 inch and wall thickness) are based on historical precedents (a
toolmaker‘s dies during US Civil War) rather than a ―scientific‖ method.

SCHEDULE NUMBERS

The schedule numbers are used by the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) to
denote wall thickness. The schedule numbers encompass all pipe dimensions beginning
at NPS 1/8‖ up NPS 36‖. Note that this configuration is only for fittings that match with a
particular ANSI schedule number.

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high
or low pressures and temperatures.

 Schedule, often shortened as sch, is a North American standard that refers to wall
thickness of a pipe or pipe fitting. Higher schedules mean thicker walls that can
resist higher pressures.
 Pipe standards define these wall thicknesses: SCH 5, 5S, 10, 10S, 20, 30, 40,
40S, 60, 80, 80S, 100, 120, 140, 160, STD, XS and XXS. (S following a number is
for stainless steel. Sizes without an S are for carbon steel.)
 Higher schedules are heavier, require more material and are therefore more costly
to make and install.

What does “schedule” mean for pipe fittings?

Schedule, often shortened as SCH, is a North American standard that refers to wall
thickness of a pipe or pipe fitting.
What is schedule 40, SCH80?
Higher schedules mean thicker walls that can resist higher pressures.
Pipe standards define these wall thicknesses: SCH 5, 5S, 10, 10S, 20, 30, 40, 40S, 60, 80,
80S, 100, 120, 140, 160, STD, XS and XXS.
(S following a number is for stainless steel. Sizes without an S are for carbon steel.)
Higher schedules are heavier, require more material and are therefore more costly to
make and install.

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Why are fittings sometimes thicker and heavier than pipes to which they are
connected?
Fittings are sometimes thicker than their connecting pipes to meet performance
requirements or due to manufacturing reasons.
Due to fitting geometry, stress is very different when compared to a pipe. Using extra
material is often necessary to compensate for such additional stress, especially for tees
and tight curve elbows.
Fitting manufacturers may not always stock plates or pipes for all metal grades or sizes.
When responding to an order, manufacturers always use the right metal or alloy, but
sometimes made with next-higher available plate or pipe size while still respecting
specified inside diameters.

Tolerance of Pipe Fittings

Butt-welding is the process of joining two pieces of material together along a single edge
in a single plane.
This process can be used on many types of materials, though metal and thermoplastics
are the most common. When two sheets of steel are laid side-by-side and joined together
along a single joint, this is an example of butt-welding.

 Pipe Bend size range:

The pipe bend is used to change the direction of run of pipe.it advantage is can
matach long distance transition requirements,so it is commonly that bends
dimension according to customer design.

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CONSTANTS FOR PIPE BENDS:

Formula:L = R x BL = Length of pipe requiredR = Radius of bendB = Constant

from table used to find ―L‖L =30 x 1.5705 =47.115 in.or 47-1/8‖

Standards accord to：

o ASME B16.9
o ASME B16.28
o ANSI/ASME B16.25
o MSS SP-97

Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160

Bending radius(R): R=3D, 5D, 7D and 12D

Bending angle (θ):15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 135°, 180°
Outer diamete(D): D≤1800mm
Wall thickness(T): T≤120mm
Straight Length (L): The length between two ends general from 300mm-1500mm

Example: Find the length of pipe required to make a 90 bend with a radius of 30″

Outside Diameter at Bevel Center to End

Nominal pipe
DN size D1 D2 C M

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Series A Series B Series A Series B

20×15 26.9 25 21.3 18 29 29

25×20 33.7 32 26.9 25 38 38

25×15 33.7 32 21.3 18 38 38

32×25 42.4 38 33.7 32 48 48

32×20 42.4 38 26.9 25 48 48
32×15 42.4 38 21.3 18 48 48

40×32 48.3 45 42.4 38 57 57

40×25 48.3 45 33.7 32 57 57
40×20 48.3 45 26.7 25 57 57
40×15 48.3 45 21.3 18 57 57

50×40 60.3 57 48.3 45 64 60

50×32 60.3 57 42.4 38 64 57
50×25 60.3 57 33.7 32 64 51
50×20 60.3 57 26.9 25 64 44

65×50 76.1(73) 76 60.3 57 76 70

65×40 76.1(73) 76 48.3 45 76 67
65×32 76.1(73) 76 42.4 38 76 64
65×25 76.1(73) 76 33.7 32 76 57

80×65 88.9 89 76.1(73) 76 86 83

80×50 88.9 89 60.3 57 86 76
80×40 88.9 89 48.3 45 86 73
80×32 88.9 89 42.4 38 86 70

90×80 101.6 – 88.9 – 95 92

90×65 101.6 – 76.1(73) – 95 89
90×50 101.6 – 60.3 – 95 83
90×40 101.6 – 48.3 – 95 79

100×90 114.3 – 101.6 – 105 102

100×80 114.3 108 88.9 89 105 98
100×65 114.3 108 76.1(73) 76 105 95
100×50 114.3 108 60.3 57 105 89
100×40 114.3 108 48.3 45 105 86
125×100 133 114.3 108 124 117
139.7
125×90 – 101.6 – 124 114
139.7
125×80 133 88.9 89 124 111
139.7
125×65 133 76.1(73) 76 124 108
139.7
125×50 133 60.3 57 124 105

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150×125 168.3 159 139.7 133 143 137

150×100 168.3 159 114.3 108 143 130
150×90 168.3 – 101.6 – 143 127
150×80 168.3 159 88.9 89 143 124
150×65 168.3 159 76.1(73) 76 143 121

200×150 219.1 219 168.3 159 178 168

200×125 219.1 219 139.7 133 178 162
200×100 219.1 219 114.3 108 178 156
200×90 219.1 – 101.6 – 178 152

200×200 273.0 273 219.1 219 216 208

200×150 273.0 273 168.3 159 216 194
200×125 273.0 273 139.7 133 216 191
200×100 273.0 273 114.3 108 216 184

300×250 323.9 325 273.0 273 254 241

300×200 323.9 325 219.1 219 254 229
300×150 323.9 325 168.3 159 254 219

300×125 323.9 325 139.7 133 254 216

350×300 355.6 377 323.9 325 279 270

350×250 355.6 377 273.0 273 279 257
350×200 355.6 377 219.1 219 279 248
350×150 355.6 377 168.3 159 279 238
400×350 406.4 426 355.6 377 305 305
400×300 406.4 426 323.9 325 305 295
400×250 406.4 426 273.0 273 305 283
400×200 406.4 426 219.1 219 305 273
400×150 406.4 426 168.3 159 305 264
450×400 457.2 478 406.4 426 343 330
450×350 457.2 478 355.6 377 343 330
450×300 457.2 478 323.9 325 343 321
450×250 457.2 478 273.0 273 343 308
450×200 457.2 478 219.1 219 343 298
500×450 508.0 529 457.2 478 381 368
500×100 508.0 529 406.4 426 381 356
500×350 508.0 529 355.6 377 381 356
500×300 508.0 529 323.9 325 381 346
500×250 508.0 529 273.0 273 381 333
500×200 508.0 529 219.1 219 381 324
550×500 559 – 508 – 419 406
550×450 559 – 457 – 419 394
550×400 559 – 406 – 419 381

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600×550 610 – 559 – 432 432

600×550 610 630 508 530 432 432
600×450 610 630 457 480 432 419

650×600 660 – 610 – 495 483

650×550 660 – 559 – 495 470
650×500 660 – 508 – 495 457

700×650 711 – 660 – 521 521

700×600 711 720 610 630 521 508
700×550 711 – 559 – 521 495

750×700 762 – 711 – 559 546

750×650 762 – 660 – 559 546
750×600 762 – 610 – 559 533

800×750 813 – 762 – 597 584

800×700 813 820 711 720 597 572
800×650 813 – 660 – 597 572

850×800 864 – 813 – 635 622

850×750 864 – 762 – 635 610
850×700 864 – 711 – 635 597

900×850 914 – 864 – 673 660

900×800 914 920 813 820 673 648
900×750 914 – 762 – 673 635

950×900 965 – 914 – 711 711

950×850 965 – 864 – 711 698
950×800 965 – 813 – 711 686

1000×950 1016 – 965 – 749 749

1000×900 1016 1020 914 920 749 737
1000×8500 1016 – 864 – 749 724

1000×1000 1067 – 1016 – 762 711

1050×950 1067 – 965 – 762 711
1050×900 1067 – 914 – 762 711

1100×1050 1118 – 1067 – 813 762

1100×1000 1118 1120 1016 1020 813 749
1100×950 1118 – 965 – 813 737

1150×1100 1168 – 1118 – 851 800

1150×1050 1168 – 1067 – 851 787
1150×1000 1168 – 1016 – 851 775

1200×1150 1220 – 1168 – 889 838

1200×1100 1220 1220 1118 1120 889 838
1200×1050 1220 – 1067 – 889 813

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Outside Diameter at
Center to End
Nominal pipe size Bevel
D
C M
DN INCH Series A Series B

15 1/2 21.3 18 25

20 3/4 26.9 25 29

25 1 33.7 32 38

32 11/4 42.4 38 48

40 11/2 48.3 45 57

50 2 60.3 57 64

65 21/2 76.1(73) 76 76

80 3 88.9 89 86

90 31/2 101.6 ― 95

100 4 114.3 108 105

125 5 139.7 133 124

150 6 168.3 159 143

200 8 219.1 219 178

250 10 273.0 273 216

300 12 323.9 325 254

350 14 355.6 377 279

400 16 406.4 426 305

450 18 457.2 478 343

500 20 508.0 529 381

550 22 559 ― 419

600 24 610 630 432

650 26 660 ― 495

700 28 711 720 521

750 30 762 ― 559

800 32 813 820 597

850 34 864 ― 635

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900 36 914 920 673

950 38 965 ― 711

1000 40 1016 1020 749

1050 42 1067 ― 762 711

1100 44 1118 1120 813 762

1150 46 1168 ― 851 800

1200 48 1220 1220 889 838

Alignment tolerances are concerned with the way that the ends of a fitting are cut.
Exaggerated distortions are shown for clarity in the diagram below.

TOLERANCES ARE IN MILLIMETERS. MM -ASME / ANSI B16.9

90, 45
Reduc Angularity
All Fittings Elbows Caps 180 Returns
ers Tolerance
and
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Tees

Outside Center
Nomi Inside Center Over Back to Alignm Nomi
Diamet Wall to off off
nal Diame to End Overall all face ent nal
er Thickn Center Ang Pla
Pipe ter Dimens Length Leng Dimens of Pipe
at ess Dimens le ne
Size at End ion th ion Ends Size
Bevel ion
A.B.C.
(in) D t H E O K U (in) Q P
M
1 1
/2to +1.52-0 /2 to 0.7 1.5
0.76 1.52 1.52 3.05 6.35 6.35 0.76
21/2 .76 4 6 1
3 to 1.5 3.0
1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 3.05 6.35 6.35 0.75 5 to 8
31/2 2 5
Not 10 to 2.2 4.8
4 1.52 1.52
Less 1.52 1.52 3.05 6.35 6.36 0.76
12 9 3
Than
+2.29-1 14 to 2.2 6.3
5 to 8 1.52 87.5% 1.52 1.52 6.35 6.35 6.35 0.76
.52 16 9 5
of
10 to +4.06-3 18 to 3.0 9.6
3.05 Nomin 2.29 2.29 6.35 9.65 6.35 1.52
18 .05 24 5 5
al
20 to +6.35-4 26 to 4.8 9.6
4.83 Thickn 2.29 2.29 6.35 9.65 6.35 1.52
24 .83 ess 30 3 5
26 to +6.35-4 32 to 4.8 12.
4.83 3.05 4.83 9.65 – – –
30 .83 36 3 7
32 to +6.35-4
4.83 4.83 4.83 9.65 – – –
36 .83
WELDING BEVEL ACC.TO ASME / ANSI B16.9 AND ASME / ANSI B16.28

Our in-hourse R&D team developed bevel ends equipment are good using in thickness
2mm to 20mm pipe fittings, guarantee high efficiency and high quality.

Send us your technical drawings: Yaang will supply you with whatever flanges you are
looking for.

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Nominal wall Thickness : t End Preparation

t<5mm (for austenitic alloy steel Cut square or slightly chamfer
t<4mm) at manufacturer ‗ s option
5<t<22mm
Plain Bevel as in sketch ( a ) above
(4<t<22mm)
t>22mm Compound Bevel as in sketch ( b ) above

Source: China Pipe Fittings Manufacturer – Yaang pipe fitting Industry Co., Limited
(www.steeljrv.com)

(Yaang Pipe Industry is a leading manufacturer and supplier of nickel alloy and stainless
steel products, including Super Duplex Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Flanges,
Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings, Stainless Steel Pipe. Yaang products are widely used in
Shipbuilding, Nuclear power, Marine engineering, Petroleum, Chemical, Mining, Sewage
treatment, Natural gas and Pressure vessels and other industries.)

If you want to have more information about the article or you want to share your opinion
with us, contact us at sales@steeljrv.com

Please notice that you might be interested in the other technical articles we‘ve published:

• Tips for selecting expansion joints

• What is the difference between a steel pipe and a steel tube

• Engineering Specification for Pressure Test of Piping System

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References:

 https://www.yaang.com
 https://www.astm.org/Standards/A234.htm
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASME

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 www.steeljrv.com

 https://www.awwa.org/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Standard_Pipe
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_Industrial_Standards

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