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    DRR Reviewer

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    The document discusses disaster risk reduction. It defines a disaster as a serious disruption causing widespread losses that exceed a community's ability to cope using its own resources. A disaster occurs when a hazard impacts a vulnerable population. Vulnerability is influenced by underlying factors like poverty as well as dynamic pressures such as lack of education and unsafe living conditions. Hazards include natural events like earthquakes or floods as well as man-made hazards. A disaster happens when a hazard interacts with vulnerable populations and infrastructure, overwhelming local response capabilities.

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    DRR Reviewer

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    633 views4 pages
    The document discusses disaster risk reduction. It defines a disaster as a serious disruption causing widespread losses that exceed a community's ability to cope using its own resources. A disaster occurs when a hazard impacts a vulnerable population. Vulnerability is influenced by underlying factors like poverty as well as dynamic pressures such as lack of education and unsafe living conditions. Hazards include natural events like earthquakes or floods as well as man-made hazards. A disaster happens when a hazard interacts with vulnerable populations and infrastructure, overwhelming local response capabilities.

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    Disaster risk reduction

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    The document discusses disaster risk reduction. It defines a disaster as a serious disruption causing widespread losses that exceed a community's ability to cope using its own resources. A disaster occurs when a hazard impacts a vulnerable population. Vulnerability is influenced by underlying factors like poverty as well as dynamic pressures such as lack of education and unsafe living conditions. Hazards include natural events like earthquakes or floods as well as man-made hazards. A disaster happens when a hazard interacts with vulnerable populations and infrastructure, overwhelming local response capabilities.

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    633 views4 pages

    DRR Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    thishani
    The document discusses disaster risk reduction. It defines a disaster as a serious disruption causing widespread losses that exceed a community's ability to cope using its own resources. A disaster occurs when a hazard impacts a vulnerable population. Vulnerability is influenced by underlying factors like poverty as well as dynamic pressures such as lack of education and unsafe living conditions. Hazards include natural events like earthquakes or floods as well as man-made hazards. A disaster happens when a hazard interacts with vulnerable populations and infrastructure, overwhelming local response capabilities.

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    REVIEWER

    DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

    Disaster

     The term disaster owes it origin to the French word “Desastre” which is
    combination of two word ‘des’ meaning bad and ‘aster’ meaning star.
     Thus the term refers to ‘Bad or Evil Star’
     “A serious disruption in the functioning of community or a society causing wide
    spread material, economic, social or environmental losses which exceed the
    ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources.”
     A disaster is a result from the combination of hazard, vulnerability and
    insufficient capacity or measures to reduce the potential chances of risk.
     A disaster happens when a hazard impacts on the vulnerable population and
    causes damage, casualties and disruption.

    Figure 1

    Vulnerability

    Underlying Causes

     Limited access to resources


     Illness and disabilities
     Age/Sex
     Poverty

    Dynamic Pressure

     Lack of institutes
     Lack of education
     Lack of training
     Lack of skills
     Population expansion
     Urbanization
     Uncontrolled development
     Environmental degradation

    Unsafe Conditions

     Dangerous location
     Dangerous buildings
     Low income level

    Hazard

    Trigger Event

     Earthquake
     Tsunamis
     Floods
     Cyclones
     Volcanic Eruption
     Drought
     Landslide
     War
     Technological accident
     Environmental pollution

    How do we consider an event as a Disaster?

     Any hazard- flood, earthquake or cyclone which is a triggering event along with
    greater vulnerability (inadequate access to resources, sick and old people, lack
    of awareness etc.) would lead to disaster causing greater loss to life and
    property.

    ONLY WHEN IT AFFECTS

     For example; an earthquake in an uninhabited desert cannot be considered a


    disaster, no matter how strong the intensities produced.
     An earthquake is disastrous only when it affects people, their properties and
    activities.

    DISASTER VS. HAZARD

    Disaster
     Occurs only when hazards and vulnerability meet.
     But it is also to be noted that with greater capacity of the
    individual/community and environment to face these disasters, the
    impact of a hazard reduces.
     THREE MAJOR COMPONENTS: hazard, vulnerability and capacity

    Hazard

     “A dangerous condition or event, that threat or have the potential for


    causing injury to life or damage to property or the environment.
     The word ‘hazard’ owes it origin to the word ‘hasard’ in old French and
    ‘az-zahr’ in Arabic meaning ‘chance’ or ‘luck’.
     Hazards can be grouped into two broad categories namely; natural and
    manmade.

    Natural Hazard

     Hazards which are caused because of natural phenomena.


     Hazards with meteorological, geological or even biological
    origin.
     Examples are cyclones, tsunamis, earthquake and volcanic
    eruption.
     See figure 2

    Man Made Hazard

     Hazards which are due to human negligence.


     Associated with: industries or energy generation
    facilities and include explosions, leakage of toxic waste,
    pollution, dam failure, wars or civil strife etc.

    Figure 2
    Types of Hazards

    Geological Hazard

     Earthquake, Tsunami, Volcanic eruption, Landslide, Dam Burst, Mine Fire

    Water and Climatic Hazard

     Tropical cyclone, Tornado and Hurricane, Floods, Drought, Hailstorm,


    Cloudburst, Landslide, Heat and Cold Wave, Snow Avalanche, Sea erosion

    Environmental Hazard

     Environmental pollutions, Deforestations, Desertification, Pest Infection

    Biological Hazard

     Human / Animal Epidemics, Pest attacks, Food poisoning, Weapons of Mass


    Destruction

    Chemical, Industrial and Nuclear Accidents

     Chemical disasters, Nuclear, Industrial disasters, Oil spills/fires

    Accident related

     Boat, Road, Train accidents, Air crash, Rural/Urban fires, Bombs/Serial Bomb
    Blast, Forest fires, Building collapse, Electric accidents, Festival related
    disasters, Mine flooding

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