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Impedance in A Series RC Circuit: X F Frequency of The Applied Voltage

This document discusses impedance in a series RC circuit. It provides an example circuit with a 30 ohm resistor and 40 ohm capacitive reactance. It then shows how to calculate the total impedance, current, and voltage drops across the resistor and capacitor using both rectangular and polar coordinate representations. The key calculations show the total impedance is 50 ohms, the current is 2 amps, the voltage drops are 60V across the resistor and 80V across the capacitor, and that the vector sum of these drops equals the applied voltage of 100V.

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Chris Gemerchak
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59 views

Impedance in A Series RC Circuit: X F Frequency of The Applied Voltage

This document discusses impedance in a series RC circuit. It provides an example circuit with a 30 ohm resistor and 40 ohm capacitive reactance. It then shows how to calculate the total impedance, current, and voltage drops across the resistor and capacitor using both rectangular and polar coordinate representations. The key calculations show the total impedance is 50 ohms, the current is 2 amps, the voltage drops are 60V across the resistor and 80V across the capacitor, and that the vector sum of these drops equals the applied voltage of 100V.

Uploaded by

Chris Gemerchak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Impedance in a series RC Circuit

Capacative Reactance

1
XC = f = frequency of the applied voltage
2πfC

Example Problem:

R = 30 Ω Resistance

E = 100 V
XC = 40 Ω Capacitive Reactance

Two ways to express impedance:

Rectangular Coordinates Polar Coordinates


Real Axis (Resistance) Real Axis (Resistance)
R = 30 Ω R = 30 Ω
Imaginary Axis (Reactance)

Imaginary Axis (Reactance)

Phase
X -40
Θ = ATAN( ) = ATAN( ) = -53º
R 30

Z = 50 Ω -53º

Magnitude
Z = 30 - 40j Ω Z = R2 + X2 = 302 + -402 = 50 Ω
XC = -40j Ω XC = -40j Ω

Next, we’ll calculate the current in the circuit:


E 100 V
Ohm’s Law: I = I= =2A
Z 50 Ω

And now, the voltage drops across the resistor and capacitor:

ER = IR = (2 A)(30 Ω) = 60 V

EC = IXC = (2 A)(40 Ω) = 80 V

The linear sum of these voltage drops is not equal to the applied
voltage because of the phase difference between the resistor and
capacitor. However, the vector sum of the two voltage drops
should equal the applied voltage:

E = ER2 + EC2 = 602 + 802 = 100 V

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