14PHDEC003
14PHDEC003
14PHDEC003
2 a. Derive the equation for Linear arrays of ‘n’, Isotropic point sources of equal amplitude and
spacing. (10 Marks)
b. Calculate the distance between elements of a broadside array whose beam width between
first nulls is found to be 450 at a frequency of 10MHz. There are 8 elements in the array.
Find the distance by using 2 methods.
i) Approximate method and ii) Exact method. (10 Marks)
4 a. Describe the various methods employed for feeding parabolic antenna. (07 Marks)
b. Find out the beam width between first nulls and power gain in dB if a 2.5m paraboloid
reflective operating at 5 GHz. (06 Marks)
c. Discuss the different types of Reflector antennas. (07 Marks)
5 a. Explain the Taylor Line – source procedure with necessary design equations.
(Tschebyscheff Error). (10 Marks)
b. Design a -20 dB Taylor distribution line – source with n = 5. Plot the pattern and the cullent
distribution for ℓ = 7 λ (-7 ≤ ν = u ≤ 7). (10 Marks)
6 a. Explain the concept of carrier synchronization in QPSK system. (06 Marks)
b. Sketch the QPSK waveform for the sequence 0110 1000. (06 Marks)
c. With a neat block diagram, explain M – ary QAM Transmitter and Receiver. (08 Marks)
7 a. Discuss the three major applications of digital modulation techniques. (10 Marks)
b. In a digital continuous – time communication system, the bit rate of NRZ data stream is 1
Mbps and carrier frequency of transmission is 100 MHz. Find the symbol rate of
transmission and band width requirement of the channel in following cases of different
techniques used i) BPSK system ii) QPSK system iii) 16 – ary PSK system.
(10 Marks)
8 a. Give a brief performance comparison of convolution codes and block codes. (07 Marks)
b. A convolution encode has a shift register with two stages, three module – 2 address and an
output multiplies. The generative sequences of the encoder are as under : (06 Marks)
g(1) = (1, 0, 1) , g(2) = (1, 1, 0) and g(3) = (1, 1, 1). Draw the block diagram of the encoder.
c. Explain Turbo encoder with neat block diagram. (07 Marks)
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