Physics 8B, Lecture 1 (Speliotopoulos)

Final Exam, Spring 2018

Berkeley, CA

Rules: This final exam is closed book and closed notes. You are allowed two sides of one and one-
half sheet of 8.5” x 11” paper on which you can write whatever notes you wish. You are not
allowed to use calculators of any type, and any cellular phones must remain off and in your bags
for the duration of the exam. Any violation of these rules constitutes an act of academic
dishonesty, and will be treated as such.

Numerical calculations: This exam consists of six problems, and each one is worth 20 points.
Two of the problems ask you to calculate numbers. I have chosen the parameters in these two
problems so that the answers can be expressed in terms of rational and irrational numbers. If you
find that in your calculation of these problems you end up with an expression which you cannot
evaluate numerically—such as one containing an irrational number—simplify the expression as
much as you can and leave it.

We will give partial credit on this midterm, so if you are not altogether sure how to do a problem,
or if you do not have time to complete a problem, be sure to write down as much information as
you can on the problem. This includes any or all of the following: Drawing a clear diagram of the
problem, telling us how you would do the problem if you had the time, telling us why you believe
(in terms of physics) the answer you got to a problem is incorrect, and telling us how you would
mathematically solve an equation or set of equations once the physics is given and the equations
have been derived. Don’t get too bogged down in the mathematics; we are looking to see how
much physics you know, not how well you can solve math problems.

If at any point in the exam you have any problems, just raise your hand, and we will see if we
are able to answer it.

Before the exam begins, fill in the following information on your bluebook:

Name: ______________________________ Disc Sec Number:______________________

_______________________
Signature: ___________________________ Disc Sec GSI:_________________________

Student ID Number: ___________________ Disc Sec Time:_________________________

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Total

You must show your student ID when you hand in your exam!
1. The figure to the right shows a circuit consisting of resisters, 𝑅1 𝑅3
capacitors, inductors, voltages supplies and two switches.
The resistance of each resister is given by: 𝑅1 = 𝑅2 = 𝑅3 =
𝑅4 = 10Ω, while 𝑉1 = 10𝑉, 𝑉2 = 20𝑉. The capacitor is
initially uncharged, and no current flows in the circuit before
𝑉1 𝑅2 𝑅4 𝑉2
the switches are closed.
a. At 𝑡 = 0, both switches are closed. What is the current through
each of the resisters immediately afterward?

b. What is the current through each resister a long time after the switch has closed?
2. The figure on the right shows a ridged wire with =
1.0 m and 𝐷 = 0.25 m that has a current 𝐼 = 2.0 𝐴
running through it. It is placed in a constant magnetic
field 𝐵 = 4.0 𝑇. What is the force 𝐹⃗ on the wire? 𝐼
,0

, 𝐷
3. The figures on the right shows a single slit with width 𝑎 that is a distance from a
screen. A beam of electrons with momentum 𝑝 along the -direction is thrown at the
slit. You are asked to solve this problem in two ways. Use small angle approximations.
a. First, follow de Broglie and treat the electrons as a wave. Find
the position of the of the first minimum 1 > 0 on the screen.
Express your answer in terms of 𝑎, 𝑝, , and ℏ.

1
𝑎
b. Second, treat the electrons as particles that obey the usual
kinematics equation from 8A as well as the Heisenberg
uncertainty relation ΔyΔ𝑝𝑦 ~ℏ. Find the furthest vertical
position 𝐻 that the spread of electrons will hit the screen.
Express your answer in terms of 𝑎, 𝑝, , and ℏ. You can
𝐻
neglect gravity. 𝑎
4. The figure on the right shows a soap film with index of refraction
𝑛 suspended vertically. The film is symmetric about the -axis,
and the right profile of it is given by the equation
= ln ( ) ,
𝑎
for 0 < < 𝑎, and and 𝑎 are constants. Note that ≤ 0. Light
with wavelength 𝜆 shines on the film at normal incidence from
the right, while the observer looks at the film from the left.

a. Find the positions 𝑚 of the bright bands that the observer

sees on the film. Express your answer in terms of , 𝑎, 𝜆, 𝑛,
and an integer 𝑚.
b. What is the smallest that 𝑚 can be?
5. Supposed that instead of = 𝑛ℏ Bohr made the following ansatz
ℏ 𝑒
= , 𝑟
√𝑛
𝑣2
for the electron in the hydrogen atom. Remember that 𝑎𝑐 = 𝑟 .
𝑝
a. Using Newton’s 2nd Law, determine the momentum 𝑝 of the
electron that is undergoing uniform circular motion with radius 𝑟
around the proton. Express your answer in terms of 𝑒, 𝜖0 , 𝑟, and
the electron mass 𝑚𝑒 . (I would strongly suggest that you draw
the free body diagram for the electron in the hydrogen atom.)
b. Remembering that = 𝑟𝑝 for the electron, what are the allowed radii 𝑟𝑛 of the
electron with this ansatz? Express it in terms of ℏ, 𝑒, 𝜖0 , the mass of the electron 𝑚𝑒 ,
and 𝑛.

c. What are the energy levels 𝐸𝑛 of the electron? Express it in terms of ℏ, 𝑒, 𝜖0 , 𝑚𝑒 ,

and 𝑛.
6. Consider a particle with mass 𝑚 in a one-dimensional
box with length (see figure on right).
a. Find the probability 𝒫𝑛 (𝑎, 𝑏) of finding the particle
between 0 < 𝑎 < 𝑏 < for the state 𝜓𝑛 ( ). (You
do not have to rederive 𝜓𝑛 ( ).)
b. If we treat the particle as a classical particle,

Probability of finding the particle

( ) = 𝑃𝑐𝑙 𝑑
between and + 𝑑

where
1
𝑃𝑐𝑙 = .
What is the probability 𝒫𝑐𝑙 (𝑎, 𝑏) of finding the particle between 0 < 𝑎 < 𝑏 < ?
 Physics 8A Math Info Sheet

3
sin 60  = cos 30  =
2
1
cos 60  = sin 30  = 30
2
1
tan 60  = = 3 1
tan 30  sin 45 = cos 45 =
2
tan 45 = 1
3 45
2
2 1

60 45

1 1

12
sin 53 = cos 37  =
4 sin 67  = cos 23 =
5 13
5
cos 53 = sin 37  =
3 cos 67  = sin 23 =
5 13
1 12
tan 53 =
1
=
4 tan 67  = =
tan 37  3 tan 23 5

Quadratic Equations:
2
The solution of the quadratic equation 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0 is

1
= ( 𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 4𝑎𝑐)
2𝑎
Derivatives:

𝑑( 𝑛 ) 𝑛 1
=𝑛
𝑑

Integrals:
𝑛+1
𝑛
𝑑
∫ 𝑑 = ,𝑛 ≠ 1, ∫ = ln .
𝑛+1
 Table of integrals
𝑛+1
𝑛
∫ 𝑑 =
𝑛+1

𝑒 𝑎𝑥
∫ 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 𝑑 =
𝑎

𝑒 𝑎𝑥
∫ 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 𝑑 = (𝑎 1)
𝑎2

2 𝑎𝑥
𝑒 𝑎𝑥
∫ 𝑒 𝑑 = (𝑎2 2
2𝑎 + 2)
𝑎3
∞
𝑎𝑥 2
𝜋
∫ 𝑒 𝑑 =√
∞ 𝑎
∞
𝑎𝑥 2
∫ 𝑒 𝑑 =0
∞

∞
2 𝑎𝑥 2
1 𝜋
∫ 𝑒 𝑑 = √
∞ 2𝑎 𝑎

1
∫ sin 𝑘 cos 𝑘 𝑑 = (sin 𝑘 )2
2𝑘

1 1
∫(sin 𝑘 )2 𝑑 = ( sin(2𝑘 ))
2 2𝑘

1 1
∫ (sin 𝑘 )2 𝑑 = ( 2
sin(2𝑘 ) cos(2𝑘 ))
4 4𝑘 2𝑘 2

1 3 (2(𝑘 )2 1)
∫(x sin 𝑘 )2 𝑑 = ( sin(2𝑘 ) cos(2𝑘 ))
2 3 4𝑘 3 2𝑘 2

Two-dimensional kinematics equations:

1 2
= 0 + 𝑣0𝑦 𝑡 𝑔𝑡 , = 0 + 𝑣0𝑥 𝑡.
2