Goku

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This article is about the Dragon Ball character. For other uses, see Goku (disambiguation).
In this Japanese name, the family name is Son.

Son Goku

Dragon Ball character

First Dragon Ball chapter #1: Bulma and Son

appearance Goku (Weekly Shōnen Jump No. 51, 1984)

Created by Akira Toriyama

Voiced by Japanese
Masako Nozawa

English
See Voice actors

Portrayed by Heo Seong-Tae (Ssawora Son Goku, Igyeora Son

Goku)
 Charles Chen (The Magic Begins)

Justin Chatwin (Evolution)

Profile

Aliases Kakarot (birth name)

Species Saiyan

 Grandpa Gohan (adopted grandfather)

Relatives
 Bardock (father)

 Gine (mother)

 Raditz (elder brother)

 Chi-Chi (wife)

 Gohan (son)

 Goten (son)

 Pan (granddaughter)

Son Goku (Japanese: 孫 悟空 Hepburn: Son Gokū) is a fictional character and

main protagonist of the Dragon Ball manga series created by Akira Toriyama. He is based
on Sun Wukong, a main character in the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West. Goku first
made his debut in Dragon Ball chapter #1 Bulma and Son Goku (ブルマと孫悟空 Buruma to Son
Gokū), originally published in Japan's Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine on December 3,
1984,[1] as an eccentric, monkey-tailed boy who practices martial arts and
possesses superhuman strength. He meets Bulma and joins her on a journey to find the wish-
granting Dragon Balls.
Initially believed to have been born on Earth, Goku later learns that he is a member of an
extraterrestrial warrior race called the Saiyans, which is also the reason for his superhuman
strength, and his birth name is Kakarot (カカロット Kakarotto). As Goku grows up, he becomes
the Earth's mightiest warrior and protects his adopted home planet from those who seek to harm
it. Goku is depicted as carefree, cheerful and friendly when at ease, but quickly serious and
strategic-minded when in battle. He is able to concentrate his Kiand use it for devastatingly
powerful energy-based attacks; the most prominent being his signature Kamehameha (かめはめ
波), in which Goku launches a blue energy blast from his palms. Also pure of heart, Goku has
frequently granted mercy to his enemies, which has often earned him additional allies in the
process (though has also resulted in others taking advantage of his kindness), and he is one of
the few who can ride the magic cloud called Kinto'un (筋斗雲, lit. "Somersault Cloud", renamed
"Flying Nimbus" in Funimation's dub); which was another element adapted from Journey to the
West.[2]
As the protagonist, Goku appears in most of the episodes, films, television specials and OVAs of
the manga's anime adaptations (Dragon Ball, Dragon Ball Z, Dragon Ball GT and Dragon Ball
Super), as well as many of the franchise's video games. Due to the series' international
popularity, Goku has become one of the most recognizable and iconic characters in the world.
Outside the Dragon Ball franchise, Goku has made cameo appearances in Toriyama's self-
parody series Neko Majin Z, has been the subject of other parodies, and has appeared in special
events. Most Western audiences were introduced to the adult version of Goku appearing in
the Dragon Ball Z anime, itself an adaptation of Dragon Ball manga volumes 17-42, as opposed
to his initial child form, due to the limited success of the first series overseas.[3] Goku's critical
reception has been largely positive and he is often considered to be the greatest manga and
anime character of all time.

Contents
[hide]

 1Conception and creation

o 1.1Design
o 1.2Voice actors
 2Appearances
o 2.1In Dragon Ball
o 2.2In Dragon Ball Super
o 2.3In Dragon Ball GT and other films
o 2.4In other media
 3Reception and legacy
 4References
 5Further reading
 6External links

Conception and creation[edit]

Goku, and Dragon Ball in general, evolved from one of Akira Toriyama's earlier one-shot series
called Dragon Boy. In this story, the protagonist looks a lot like Goku but has a pair of
wings.[4] When Toriyama created Dragon Ball, he was inspired by Journey to the West.[5] To be
creative with the idea of Sun Wukong, Toriyama designed Goku as a human boy with a
monkey's tail, rather than a complete simian, because the tail would give the character a
distinguishing feature.[6] He later stated that the tail was a pain to draw, hence why he had it get
cut off early on.[7]Toriyama did not initially plan to make Goku an alien, it was not until the
introduction of fighters from other planets that he established him as a Saiyan (サイヤ人 Saiya-
jin).[8] Goku was given the ability to teleport to any planet in seconds, so that Toriyama could
increase the pace of the story.[9]
Wanting Dragon Ball to have a Chinese appearance, Toriyama used the color of the robes worn
by Buddhist monks for Goku's dōgi.[10] During the early chapters of the manga, Toriyama's
editor, Kazuhiko Torishima, commented that Goku looked rather plain. Toriyama had given him
simple clothes on purpose because it was a fighting manga, so to combat this he added several
characters like Master Roshi and Krillin, and created the Tenkaichi Budōkai (天下一武道会, lit.
"Strongest Under the Heavens Martial Arts Tournament") to focus the storyline on fighting. To
defy the assumption that Goku would win the tournaments, Toriyama made him lose the first and
second but win the third.[6] Toriyama also mentioned Torishima wanted Goku to form a
relationship with Bulma but this was never applied to the series.[11]
Toriyama's editor was initially against having Goku grow up, saying it was uncommon to have the
protagonist drastically change in manga, however, he gave in when Toriyama threatened that he
would not be able to continue the series if the character did not.[12] Toriyama later stated he had
him grow up as a means to make drawing the fight scenes easier.[13] When Toriyama thought up
スーパー
the Super Saiyan ( 超 サイヤ人 Sūpā Saiya-jin) concept during the Frieza arc, he felt the
only way to show Goku's massive power up was to have him transform. Initially he was
concerned that the facial expression looked like that of a villain, but felt that since the
transformation was brought about by anger it was acceptable.[14] With the conclusion of
the Cell arc, Gohan was intended to replace his father as protagonist, but Toriyama decided that
Gohan was unsuitable for the role.[6]According to Toriyama, Goku is more of a selfish person
rather than a hero as his main wish in the story is fighting against strong enemies rather than
protecting the innocents. As a result, once Dragon Ball started having animated versions where
Goku is portrayed as a hero instead, Toriyama is angry at this.[15]
Dragon Ball GT chief character designer Katsuyoshi Nakatsuru said he agonized over designing
Goku's Super Saiyan 4 appearance, which was the idea of the show's producers, questioning
whether it was necessary to go further with the transformations. Because Super Saiyan 4 is
brought about while in a Saiyan's Ōzaru (大猿, lit. "Great Ape") form, he made the hair more
"wild" and covered Goku's body in red fur. There was only a single final draft of the character,
although Nakatsuru did consider making the hair blonde, he ended up choosing black as it
provides more contrast with the red fur.[16]
During the plans of the final story arc of Dragon Ball Super, it was decided that Goku should
have another transformation: The Ultra Instinct. The concept was that the Ultra Instinct would be
completely different from Goku's previous Super Saiyan transformations.[17]
Design[edit]

From left to right: Goku in his base form, and in his Super Saiyan, Super Saiyan 2 and Super Saiyan 3
forms.

Goku is usually recognized by his unique hairstyle, which does not change in length except in his
Super Saiyan forms, where his hair changes in color and length according to the form he takes.
This is explained by Vegeta to be a common characteristic of full-blooded Saiyans.[18] Goku's hair
color changes from black to golden after ascending to a Super Saiyan, and his irises change
from black to turquoise. In his Super Saiyan God form, both his hair color and irises change to a
deep red. In his Super Saiyan God Super Saiyan form, both his hair color and irises change to
blue (hence its nickname "Super Saiyan Blue"). Goku prefers dressing in a dōgi uniform to show
his devotion to Earth, instead of the standard battle fatigues of his race;[19] the only time he
actually does wear these garments is during his training with Gohan before the Cell Games.[20]
In his early childhood, Goku is introduced wearing a dark colored dōgi uniform with red
wristbands and a white obi tied in a bow over the waist. Throughout the majority of the series,
however, Goku is commonly seen wearing an orange dōgi uniform with a blue short-sleeved
undershirt, blue wristbands, a blue obi tied in a knot over the waist, and dark boots with yellow or
red stripes. Goku also often wears the encircled kanji of his training masters on the front and
back of this uniform; the first being Master Roshi's, "kame" (亀, meaning "turtle");[21] the second
being King Kai's, "kaio" (界王, meaning "world king");[22] and the third being his own, "Go" (悟,
meaning "wisdom" or "enlightenment").[23] Eventually, Goku stops wearing a kanji[24] and replaces
his obi with a blue sash for a belt.[24] In Dragon Ball GT, he is seen wearing a multi-
colored dōgi that consists of a blue fold-over shirt, yellow pants, pink wristbands, a white obi tied
in a knot over the waist, and black shoes with white stockings.[25] In Dragon Ball Super, Goku
wears his signature orange and blue dōgi with his "Go" kanji again, though during the Golden
Frieza arc and Universe 6 arc he wears a special dōgi uniform consisting of an orange fold-over
shirt and matching pants with blue wristbands, blue boots and a blue obi tied in a knot at the side
of his waist (which debuted in the film Dragon Ball Z: Resurrection 'F').
Voice actors[edit]
In the Japanese version of every Dragon Ball anime series and subsequent related media, Goku
has been voiced by Masako Nozawa. Toriyama selected Nozawa upon hearing her audition
sample, remarking that only Goku could sound like that.[26] Nozawa stated that she was ecstatic
when she got the role because she had always wanted to be in one of Toriyama's works. She
said she had to be mindful of the fact that Goku grew up in the mountains and did not know much
of the world. Despite having to voice Goku, Gohan, Gotenand Bardock, Nozawa claims she is
able to instantly get into the respective character simply upon seeing their image.[27] Nozawa
explained that she did not read the manga so that she would not know what was coming in the
story until recording, making her reactions the same as Goku's.[28]
In the numerous English versions, Goku has been played by different actors because different
companies produced the dubs, by reason of changes of ADR companies and recording studios,
or due to actors quitting:

 In Harmony Gold's very brief dub of the original Dragon

Ball series, Goku (renamed "Zero") was voiced by Barbara
Goodson.[29]

 In Funimation's initial dub of the anime, Goku was voiced

by Saffron Henderson in the first 13 episodes of the
original Dragon Ball series (produced in association with BLT
Productions),[30][29] and by Ian James Corlett and Peter Kelamis in
the first 67 episodes of Dragon Ball Z (edited into 53 episodes;
produced in association with Saban and Ocean
Productions).[31][32][33]

 In AB Groupe's dub of the anime produced exclusively for

Canadian and European broadcast (initially also in association
with Ocean Productions and later with Blue Water Studios),
Goku was voiced by Peter Kelamis again and later Kirby
Morrow in episodes 123-291 of Dragon Ball Z,[33] by Zoe
Slusar as a child in both Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball
GT,[29] by Jeffrey Watson as an older teen in Dragon Ball,[33] and
by Jeremiah Yurk as an adult and Super Saiyan 4 in GT.[33]

 In Bang Zoom's dub of the first 27 episodes of Dragon Ball

Super produced exclusively for Toonami Asia's broadcast, Goku
was voiced by Lex Lang.[33]

 In Funimation's in-house dub, Goku was voiced by Stephanie

Nadolny as a child in both Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball
GT,[34][35][29] and has been consistently voiced by Sean
Schemmel as an adult throughout the entire Dragon
Ball franchise.[36][37][33] Since Dragon Ball Z Kai, Colleen
Clinkenbeard has voiced Kid Goku for Funimation.[29]

Appearances[edit]
In Dragon Ball[edit]
Cover of Weekly Shōnen Jump No. 51, 1984 featuring Goku and Bulma in their first appearances.

Goku first appears in Dragon Ball as a monkey-tailed child adopted by the hermit Gohan. Before
the series' narrative begins, he accidentally and unknowingly kills Gohan on a full-moon night
when he temporarily transforms into the mighty Ōzaru after staring at a full moon. However,
Goku loses the ability when his friends cut off his tail.[38] Living alone with an item known as a
Dragon Ball which he keeps as a memento of Gohan, Goku befriends a teenage girl
named Bulma. He joins her to find the seven Dragon Balls, which, when gathered, summon the
wish-granting dragon Shenron. They encounter the desert bandit Yamcha and
two shapeshifters named Oolong and Puar, who also join their quest. Goku is later trained by the
martial artist Master Roshi, alongside a Shaolin monk named Krillin, who becomes his best
friend. It is Roshi who gives Goku the Nimbus cloud (as a reward for saving his pet sea turtle),
which becomes Goku's primary source of flight travel across the world. Goku's first shown martial
arts attack as a child is Jan ken (ジャン拳), three physical blows modeled after the hand signs
in rock-paper-scissors.[39] As a child, he also wields the Nyoi-bō (如意棒, lit. "Mind Stick",
renamed "Power Pole" in Funimation's dub), a magic staff that extends and retracts on
command; given to him by his late grandfather.[40] However, Goku's signature attack is
the Kamehameha, which he learned from Master Roshi.[41] The Kamehameha is a concentration
of Ki, released as a concussive beam. Roshi spent about 50 years developing and perfecting the
technique, but, as a child, Goku is able to understand and copy the technique immediately after
only one demonstration. After training with the Earth's god, Kami, Goku learns to fly by virtue of
the technique Bukū-jutsu (舞空術, lit. "Air Dance Technique") and uses the Nimbus less
frequently for flight travel. While participating in the World Martial Arts Tournament that attracts
the most powerful fighters in the world, Goku battles foes, later turned allies, such as Tien
Shinhan and Chiaotzu, as well as the Namekian Piccolo. After becoming the runner-up champion
of the 21st and 22nd tournaments, Goku finally wins in the 23rd with Piccolo's defeat, and
marries Chi-Chi soon after.
Five years later, Goku meets his evil older brother Raditz and sacrifices himself to defeat Raditz
after he learns about his heritage.[42][43] Goku comes from a race of extraterrestrials called
Saiyans, himself having been sent from their home planet to prepare Earth for sale on the
intergalactic market by destroying all its life.[44] While Grandpa Gohan was taking care of him,
Goku suffered a severe head injury and forgets his mission to conquer Earth.[44] In order to fight
the Saiyans invading Earth, Goku trains with King Kai in the afterlife. He teaches Goku the Kaiō-
ken (界王拳, lit. "World King Fist"), which multiplies his ki and strength for an instant, but with
possible strain to the body.[45] It is also from King Kai that Goku learns his most powerful attack:
the Genki-Dama (元気玉, lit. "Energy Sphere", renamed "Spirit Bomb" in Funimation's dub), an
energy sphere created by gathering ki from surrounding animals, nature and humans.[22] After
being revived by the Dragon Balls, Goku faces off with the Saiyan prince Vegeta, who eventually
becomes another ally. On his journey to Planet Namek in order to aid his friends in gathering the
Namekian Dragon Balls to revive the ones killed by the Saiyans, Goku fights the galactic
tyrant Frieza, who destroyed the Saiyans' home planet and nearly the entire race. During his epic
battle with Frieza, Goku becomes the first Saiyan in a thousand years to transform into a fabled
Super Saiyan.[46]
After defeating Frieza and barely escaping the destruction of Namek, Goku learns
a teleportation skill called Shunkan Idō (瞬間移動, lit. "Instant Teleport", renamed "Instant
Transmission" in Funimation's dub), taught by the inhabitants of the planet Yardrat.[47] However,
Goku contracts a heart virus whereof the time-traveler Trunks warns him, but recovers after
taking medicine provided by Trunks. Later, Goku trains his first son Gohan to be his successor
and sacrifices himself again during the battle against the evil bio-android Cell. Goku is
temporarily resurrected on Earth seven years later and meets his second son Goten. Goku also
battles Vegeta again after Vegeta falls under the control of the wizard Babidi. Shortly after, he is
drawn into a battle for the universe against the monster Majin Buu. Despite having mastered two
new Super Saiyan transformations, Goku teaches Goten and Trunks to take his place. After his
life is permanently restored, Goku attempts to fuse with Gohan in order to defeat Buu, but this
fails when the latter is temporarily absorbed by Buu and so he persuades the newly arrived
Vegeta to fuse with him, creating Vegito (ベジット Bejitto, "Vegerot" in Viz Media's manga
translation).[48] Eventually, Goku destroys Buu with a Spirit Bomb attack. Ten years later, during
another World Martial Arts Tournament, Goku meets Uub, Buu's human reincarnation, and
leaves with him, intending to train him as the new protector of Earth.[49]
In Dragon Ball Super[edit]
After defeating Majin Buu, Goku meets a new opponent known as Beerus, the God of
Destruction in the film Battle of Gods. An alternative, more innately powerful form known as the
スーパー
Super Saiyan God ( 超 サイヤ人ゴッド Sūpā Saiya-jin Goddo) is reached by Goku during
this film. Though the temporary transformation wears off, Goku manages to harness its godly
powers in his base Super Saiyan form. In its sequel film Resurrection 'F', Goku manages to
achieve a blue-haired evolution of Super Saiyan God under Whis's tutelage, known as the Super
スーパー スーパーサイヤ人
Saiyan God Super Saiyan ( 超 サイヤ人ゴッド S S Sūpā Saiya-jin Goddo
Sūpā Saiya-jin) or "Super Saiyan Blue" for short, which Goku uses to battle the newly revived
Frieza.[50] These forms also appear in Dragon Ball Super and its manga tie-in, which expand upon
the stories from the two films, and replace them as the new canon.
Afterwards, Goku and his friends participate in a fighting tournament set between Beerus and his
brother Champa, facing warriors from the universe Champa oversees as its God of
Destruction.[51] During this tournament, Goku reveals that he has learned to combine the
perfect ki control of his Super Saiyan Blue form with his older technique, the Kaiō-ken; creating a
variation called "Super Saiyan Blue Kaiō-ken". Although Goku gives up after fighting his
opponent, Hit, his team ends up winning the tournament.[52] After meeting with the omnipotent
being known as Zeno, Goku encounters an evil look-a-like of himself called "Goku Black", who is
terrorizing Future Trunks' timeline.[53] Black is eventually revealed to be a rogue Kai
named Zamasu, who has stolen Goku's body from yet another alternate timeline and teamed up
with the Zamasu of Future Trunks' timeline to fulfill their "Zero Mortals Plan". After Zamasu and
Black become even more dangerous by undergoing Potara Fusion during the battle in Future
Trunks' timeline, Goku ultimately summons the future version of Zeno who erases the entire
universe and Zamasu. Goku and the others present there manage to escape in their time
machine, and later Goku and Future Trunks use the time machine again to bring Future Zeno to
the present timeline.
Shortly afterwards, Goku causes the Zenos to decide to hold a multi-universal martial arts
tournament with the losing universes wiped from existence. After enlisting nine of his allies to
fight alongside him in the "Tournament of Power", Goku ends up recruiting Frieza as
well.[54] Across the tournament, Goku defeats multiple warriors, but is nearly killed by one named
Jiren. During this fight, Goku reaches and eventually masters a powered-up new form labeled as
Ultra Instinct (身勝手の極意). All of a sudden, Jiren fires an energy blast at the stands housing
the remaining members of the tournament. Goku immediately gets in the way of the attack, and
deflects the energy blast away from his friends. Goku then overwhelms Jiren in a fit of rage until
succumbing to his power's immense pressure as it fades, causing his body to spasm while
appearing to be defeated. Luckily, Android 17 and Frieza are still in the tournament as they team
up with only the former left in the ring. Goku and Frieza actually work together to force Jiren out
of bounds in a triple elimination. After Android 17 uses his wish on the Super Dragon Balls to
restore the erased universes, Goku and his team part ways with a fully revived Frieza and return
to their "normal" lives on Earth.[55]
In Dragon Ball GT and other films[edit]
In the film Fusion Reborn, Goku and Vegeta use the Metamorese Fusion Dance, which creates
Gogeta (ゴジータ Gojīta), who sports slight visual differences from their previous merger.[56] In
the anime-only sequel series, Dragon Ball GT, Goku is transformed back into a kid by an
accidental wish made by his old enemy Pilaf using the Black Star Dragon Balls while Pilaf was
about to wish to take over the world.[57] Goku, Trunks and his own granddaughter Pan travel the
universe to search for the Black Star Dragon Balls and return them to Earth to prevent its
destruction. After acquiring the Super Saiyan 4 transformation, Goku battles the evil
Tuffle Baby, Super Android 17, and the evil Shadow Dragons. His final challenge is
against Omega Shenron, whom he destroys using the Spirit Bomb.[58] Goku leaves with the
original form of Shenron, but not before saying his goodbyes to his friends on Earth. He then
appears 100 years later at the next World Martial Arts Tournament as an adult, where he
watches a battle between Goku Jr., his descendant, and Vegeta Jr., Vegeta's descendant. An
elderly Pan sees him, but he quickly departs.[59]
In other media[edit]
Goku has appeared in various other media including an unofficial Taiwanese live-action
film[60] and an unofficial Korean live-action film.[61] He was portrayed by Justin Chatwin in the
2009 20th Century Fox feature Dragonball Evolution.[62] Goku has also appeared in almost
every Dragon Ball licensed electronic video game, including crossover games such as Jump
Super Stars, Jump Ultimate Stars and Battle Stadium D.O.N. In 1992, Goku was featured in the
interactive game Dragon Ball Z: Get Together! Goku World,[63] in which Goku and his gang travel
back in time to review events in the Dragon Ball timeline and interacts with his younger self. In
December 2007, Goku made a guest appearance in avatar form in the MMORPG Second Life for
a Jump Festa promotion titled Jumpland@Second Life.[64] Goku also appears in the Dr. Slump
and Arale-chan video game for the Nintendo DS.[65]
Goku has been the subject of, and is mentioned in, various songs. "Son Goku Song"[66] and
"Gokū no Gokigen Jānī"[67] feature Goku as a child singing about himself. During his adult years,
the song "Aitsu wa Son Gokū" by Hironobu Kageyama, where Kageyama praises everything
about Goku,[68] and the duet "Ore-tachi no Energy"[69] feature words spoken by the character. For
the release of the single of the Dragonball Evolution international theme song "Rule", Toriyama
supplied CD artwork of singer Ayumi Hamasaki dressed as Goku.[70]
Goku has been used in Japanese public service announcements aimed at children. In June
1988, Goku and other Dragon Ball characters were featured in two PSA short films. The first, in
which Goku is taught the importance of obeying traffic safety by others, is entitled The Goku
Traffic Safety (悟空の交通安全 Gokū no Kōtsū Anzen).[71] The second is called The Goku Fire
Fighting Regiment (悟空の消防隊 Gokū no Shōbō-tai), in which he teaches two children the
importance of fire safety.[71]

Goku's appearance on Yamada Katsute-nai Wink.

Goku has made guest appearances in various Japanese television shows and manga. In 2005,
Goku appeared in the Toriyama parody manga Neko Majin Z where he is the sensei of the main
character Z.[72] On September 15, 2006, in celebration of the 30th anniversary of Kochira
Katsushika-ku Kameari Kōen-mae Hashutsujo, the special manga Super Kochikame (超こち
亀 Chō Kochikame) was released. The chapter entitled This is the Police Station in front of
Dragon Park on Planet Namek (こちらナメック星ドラゴン公園前派出所 Kochira Namekku-sei
Dragon Kōen-mae Hashutsujo) has Ryotsu Kankichi travel to planet Namek and try to issue
Freeza a citation and scold he and Goku for parking their ships illegally.[73] Goku and
other Dragon Ball characters join the cast of One Piece in the 2006 crossover manga Cross
Epoch.[74] He also appears in a single panel of Toriyama's 2013 manga Jaco the Galactic
Patrolman, which is set before the events of Dragon Ball.[75] The collected tankōbon volume
of Jaco features the bonus story Dragon Ball Minus: The Departure of the Fated Child, depicting
how and why Goku's father and mother, Gine (ギネ), sent him to Earth.[76][77]
Goku has been the subject of various parodies. In the episode Career Day of Takeshi's Castle,
known in the United States as MXC, the hosts Beat Takeshi and Sonomanma Higashi dressed
as popular anime characters, one as Goku as a child, the other as Doraemon.[78] Weekly Shōnen
Jump's Gag Special 2005 issue, released on November 12, 2004, featured a Bobobo-bo Bo-
bobo one-shot Dragon Ball parody manga, a retelling of the first fight between Goku and
Vegeta.[79] In chapter #179 of the Yakitate!! Japan manga, Kawachi executes a Genki-
Dama parody called a Shinrai-Dama (信頼玉, lit. "Trust Ball") on the character Katsuo.[80] In the
manga and anime series Blood Lad, the character Staz performs the gestures for Goku's
Kamehameha, having learned it from his favorite manga superhero, but it has no actual effect.[81]
Goku's appearance as a commentator at the 2007 Nippon Ijin Taishō.

Goku regularly appears on Fuji TV. In 2003, Goku appeared in the interactive feature Kyutai
Panic Adventure! (球体パニックアドベンチャー! Kyūtai Panikku Adobenchā!, "Orb Panic
Adventure!"), which was featured exclusively at the Fuji TV headquarters in the Kyutai (orb)
section. In this, Freeza attacks a visiting tourist, blasting the orb section free from the rest of the
Fuji TV building. Goku fights Freeza over the real life aqua city of Odaiba.[82][83]In 2004, a sequel
called Kyūtai Panic Adventure Returns! (球体パニックアドベンチャーリターンズ! Kyūtai
Panikku Adobenchā Ritānzu!, "Orb Panic Adventure Returns!") was produced.[84] On March 25,
2006, Goku and Freeza appeared in an original animated short film in the IQ Mirror Mistake 7 (Ｉ
Ｑミラーまちがい７ Aikyū Mirā Machigai Nana) segment of the Japanese game show IQ
Supplement (IQサプリ IQ Sapuri).[85] On April 7, 2007, Goku and Fuji TV announcer Masaharu
Miyake were commentators on the anime segment in the Nippon Ijin Taishō (日本偉人大賞,
"Japan Great Man Awards") titled Saikyō no Ijin ha Dare? (最強の偉人は誰？, "Who is the
Strongest Hero?"). The segment featured a special tournament to decide who was the greatest
person in Japanese history. During the intermission, Goku promoted the coming release
of R2 Dragon Ball DVDs.[86]
Since the U.S. debut of Dragon Ball Z in 1996, Goku has appeared in American pop culture. He
was featured in an issue of Wizard magazine in which he and Superman fought a hypothetical
battle and won.[87] In the Codename: Kids Next Door episode "Operation: R.E.P.O.R.T", Numbuh
Four's version of the story is a parody of the Goku and Freeza's battle in Dragon Ball Z.[88] Goku
appears in Robot Chicken in a sketch entitled A Very Dragon Ball Z Christmas, where Goku and
Gohan fight an evil Mrs. Claus with Santa's reindeer, in an attempt to save
Christmas.[89] The Saturday Night Live sketch TV Funhouse titled Kobayashi depicts real-life hot-
dog-eating champion Takeru Kobayashi as able to transform into a Super Saiyan as he prepares
to eat hot dogs; Goku appears briefly near the end.[90] Goku is referenced in the songs "Goku"
and "Anime" by Soulja Boy Tell 'Em, where he brags that he looks and feels like Goku.[91] Goku
appears in a parody of the film Moneyball on an episode of Mad entitled Money Ball Z, in
which Billy Beane drafts Goku and a couple of other Dragon Ball characters into the Oakland
A's.[92] In 2013, he and Superman fought in a "Death Battle" episode of the Rooster Teeth web
series ScrewAttack.[93] The episode "Goku vs. Superman" in the web series Epic Rap Battles of
History[94] won a Streamy Award for Best Music Video.[95]
The use of the Kamehameha attack became an Internet meme which started with Japanese
schoolgirls photographing themselves apparently using, and being affected by, this attack.[96][97] It
has also attracted considerable media attention in France,[98] Germany,[99] as well as in many
Spanish-speaking countries in South America.[100][101][102]

Reception and legacy[edit]

Goku's character has been well received by publications for manga, anime and other
media. Anime News Network noted Goku as a good source of comedy and remarked that after
everything he experiences, he still remains a naïve character.[103] Tim Jones from THEM Anime
Reviews noted that Goku is not an omnipotent character in the first anime series, unlike Dragon
Ball Z, and does not disappear for long periods of time between sagas. They also liked the way
the series' depict his entire adventures, making him a good main
character.[104] Rationalmagic.com praised Goku's innocence as one of the funniest parts of the
series.[105] According to Julius Weideman, Goku's journey and ever-growing strength resulted in
the character winning "the admiration of young boys everywhere."[106] In 2015, the Japan
Anniversary Association officially declared May 9 as "Goku Day" (悟空の日 Gokū no hi). In
Japanese the numbers 5 and 9 can be pronounced as "Go" and "Ku" respectively.[107] Jason
Thompson stated that unlike the "manly" heroes of other popular shōnen manga of the late
1980s and early 1990s, such as City Hunter and Fist of the North Star, Toriyama made his
protagonist (Goku) cartoonish and small, thus starting a trend that Thompson says continues to
this day.[108] One Piece creator Eiichiro Oda and Naruto creator Masashi Kishimoto said that Goku
inspired their protagonists as well as series structure.[109][110] Commenting on Goku's popularity,
Kishimoto stated that when people hear the name "Son Goku", no longer do they think of
the Journey to the West character, but instead Dragon Ball's protagonist comes to
mind.[111] Additionally, for the second half of the series, Kishimoto created an ape named Son
Goku in reference to Toriyama's character to the point the ape has four tails just like the four-star
Dragon Ball Goku earned from his grandfather.[112]
Masako Nozawa, the Japanese voice actor who plays Goku, said that she liked young Goku with
his tail because he was cute, and stated that the character was still the same even at the end of
the series.[113] Jackie Chan has gone on record stating that Goku is his favorite Dragon
Ball character.[114]
Goku was ranked number one in IGN's 2009 Top 25 Anime Characters of All Time[115] and
reappeared on the same list in 2014, however, on this occasion they ranked him third,
with Cowboy Bebop's Spike Spiegel and Neon Genesis Evangelion's Shinji Ikari placed above
him, saying that "He was, in many ways, a character that bucked the trends of his time and
defined the direction of shonen manga/anime for decades."[116] In Mania Entertainment's 10 Most
Iconic Anime Heroes, Thomas Zoth commented that "Goku and Dragon Ballcompletely
revolutionized shōnen manga."[117] In a Newtype poll from March 2010, Goku was voted the fifth
most popular male character from the 1980s.[118] Goku ranked consistently high in the Anime
Grand Prix poll in the category of "best male character" in the late 1980s and early 1990s,
appearing seventeenth in the 1987 poll,[119] fifteenth in the 1988 poll,[120] second in the 1989
poll,[121] fourth in the 1990 poll,[122] third in the 1991 poll,[123] fourth in the 1992 poll,[124] thirteenth in
1993 poll,[125] and twelfth in 1994 poll.[126] In a 1993 character popularity poll for the series, Weekly
Shōnen Jump readers voted Goku second, after his son Gohan.[127] He came in first in the
magazine's 1995 poll,[127] as well as in a 2004 poll amongst fans of the series for the book Dragon
Ball Forever.[128] In a 2005 The Daily Reader article entitled "The Greatest Geek Movie Heroes of
All Time", Goku is the only animated character listed, and is ranked tenth.[129] In a survey of 1,000
people, conducted by Oricon in 2007, Goku ranked first place as the "Strongest Manga character
of all time."[130] In the survey "Friendship" developed by rankingjapan.com, in which people chose
which anime character they would like as a friend, Goku ranked fifth.[131] In 2000, Goku placed
third in an Animax poll of favorite anime characters.[132] NTT customers voted him as their third
favorite black haired male anime character.[133] Despite his positive reception, Goku also received
negative feedback for his characterization in Dragon Ball Super due to how his constant desires
for fighting stronger enemies resulted in setting up a story where all universe could be destroyed.
While Anime Now's Richard Eisenbeis believes Goku is determined to protect his universe, the
fact that he does not care about other loser universes being destroyed also received negative
response.[134] In January 2017, Nowaza won two Guinness World Records for her longevity as
Goku; she has been the sole voice actor for the role for over 23 years.[135]
Several pieces of merchandising based on Goku have been released, including action
figures,[136][137] plushes,[138] and keychains.[139]
The German rock band Son Goku takes their name from the Dragon Ball protagonist. The band's
lead singer Thomas D chose the name because Goku embodies the band's philosophy, saying
he was "fascinated by Goku's naïveté and cheerfulness, yet, at the same time, a great warrior
saving the world."[140] In 2010, a fiberglass statue of Goku was created by Chinese artist Edison
Chen, with Chen's facial features instead of Goku's, as part of Chen's "I Hate You For Looking!"
collection that was displayed at the "Treacherous Treis" exhibition.[141] CNN released an article
explaining how Goku was Rafael Nadal's childhood inspiration, and called Nadal "the Dragon
Ball of tennis" due to his unorthodox style "from another planet."[142]

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Animage. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011.
Retrieved November 17, 2013.
125. Jump up^ 第15回アニメグランプリ ［1993年5月号］ [15th
Anime Grand Prix (1993 May issue)] (in Japanese). Animage.
Archived from the original on September 13, 2009.
Retrieved November 17, 2013.
126. Jump up^ 第16回アニメグランプリ ［1994年5月号］ [16th
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Archived from the original on September 14, 2009.
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127. ^ Jump up to:a b Dragon Ball The Complete Illustrations. Viz
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128. Jump up^ Dragon Ball Forever (in Japanese). Shueisha.
2004. ISBN 4-08-873702-4.
129. Jump up^ "Goku wins a place with the best". Anime News
Network. 2001-02-25. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
130. Jump up^ "1000 People Chose! The Strongest Character
Ranking In Cartoon History!" (in Japanese). Retrieved 2007-10-28.
131. Jump up^ "Which Anime Character Do You Wish You Could Be
Friends With?". Anime News Network. 2007-02-28.
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132. Jump up^ "Gundam Tops Anime Poll". Anime News Network.
2000-09-12. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
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Their Favorite Black-Haired Anime Characters". Anime News
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134. Jump up^ Eisenbeis, Richard (February 15, 2017). "Why Goku
Is Worse Than the Villains in Dragon Ball Super". Anime News
Network. Retrieved May 5, 2014.
135. Jump up^ "Goku Voice Actress Masako Nozawa Earns 2
Guinness World Records". Anime News Network. February 1,
2017. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
136. Jump up^ "Dragonball Z BanDai Hybrid Action Mega
Articulated 4 Inch Action Figure Goku". Amazon.com.
Retrieved 2008-09-11.
137. Jump up^ "Super Saiyan goku dragon ball z 4"" ultimate
collection f". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
138. Jump up^ "Dragon Ball Z DBZ GOKU 13" Plush
Toy". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
139. Jump up^ "Goku & Tenkaichi Budokai - Dragonball Twin Figure
Keychain (Japanese Imported)". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2008-09-
11.
140. Jump up^ Munichx.de:. "Thomas D. und Bertil Mark im
Interview" (in German). Retrieved January 14, 2008. so fasziniert,
aufgrund seiner Naivität und Frohsinns und gleichzeitig wurde er
zum großen Kämpfer und rettet die Welt.
141. Jump up^ "e.TALIER d.ES c.HENE @ Mandarin Orchard
Singapore". October 5, 2010. Retrieved September 29, 2010.
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Further reading[edit]
 Padula, Derek (2012). Dragon Ball Z 'It's Over 9,000!' When
Worldviews Collide. forward by Ryo Horikawa. ISBN 978-0-
9831205-2-0.

External links[edit]
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