NAMP Meat Buyers Guide - Beef Only

01_747211_ffirs.
qxp 12/1/05 4:32 PM Page iii
THE
MEAT BUYER’S
GUIDE
Beef, Lamb, Veal, Pork, and Poultry
N O RTH A M E R I C AN
M E AT P R O C E S S O R S A S S O C IATI O N
1910 Association Drive

Reston, VA 20191
703-758-1900 Fax: 703-758-8001
www.namp.com
JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.

01_747211_ffirs.qxp 12/1/05 4:32 PM Page i
THE
MEAT BUYER’S
GUIDE
01_747211_ffirs.qxp 12/1/05 4:32 PM Page ii
01_747211_ffirs.qxp 12/1/05 4:32 PM Page iii
THE
MEAT BUYER’S
GUIDE
Beef, Lamb, Veal, Pork, and Poultry
N O RTH A M E R I C AN
M E AT P R O C E S S O R S A S S O C IATI O N
1910 Association Drive

Reston, VA 20191
703-758-1900 Fax: 703-758-8001
www.namp.com
JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.

01_747211_ffirs.qxp 12/1/05 4:32 PM Page iv
This book is merely a guide for identification of meat cuts. Individual packer specifications may vary.
The North American Meat Processors Association (NAMP) assumes no liability for lack of adherence to
their descriptions contained herein. Its contents have been compiled from sources believed to be reliable
and represent the best information available. Any errors are unintentional.
This book is printed on acid-free paper. o
Copyright © 2007 by North American Meat Processors Association. All rights reserved.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
Published simultaneously in Canada.
Updated from The Meat Buyers Guide previously published by the North American Meat Processors Association.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under
Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of
the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance
Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web
at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions
Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-
6008, e-mail: permcoordinator@wiley.com.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in
preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness
of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a
particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials.
The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation.You should consult with a
professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any
other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
For information on The North American Meat Processors Association, or for technical assistance regarding the
contents of this guide, please contact NAMP at 703-758-1900 or fax 703-758-8001 or visit www.namp.com.
For general information on other products and services from John Wiley & Sons, please contact our Customer
Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or
fax (317) 572-4002.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be
available in electronic books. For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.wiley.com.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The meat buyer's guide: beef, lamb, veal, pork and poultry / North American Meat Processors Association.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13 978-0471-74721-5 (paper)
ISBN-10 0-471-74721-1 (paper)
1. Meat cuts — Standards. 2. Cookery (Meat) I. North American Meat Processors Association.
TX373.M38 2006
641.3'6 — dc22
2005054233
Printed in Hong Kong

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
02_747211_ftoc.qxp 11/30/05 2:37 PM Page v
CONTENTS
The Organization
Who We Are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Endorsements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
Letter of Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Trim/Quality Information xv
The NAMPOMETER, Bacterial Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
The NAMPOMETER, Meat Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
The NAMPOMETER for Poultry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Food Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Material Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiv
How to Use Your Meat Buyer’s Guide xxviii

Universal Product Code (UPC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxviii
Trim Levels/Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxix
Beef 1
Beef Foodservice Cuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Cooked Steak Color Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Marbling Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Ordering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Standardized Cuts (Series 100) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Portion Cuts (Series 1000) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
The Meat Buyer’s Guide v

02_747211_ftoc.qxp 11/30/05 2:37 PM Page vi
C O NTE NT S
Lamb 71
Lamb Foodservice Cuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Ordering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Standardized Cuts (Series 200) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Portion Cuts (Series 1200) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Veal 103
Veal Foodservice Cuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Ordering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Standardized Cuts (Series 300) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Portion Cuts (Series 1300) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Pork 133
Pork Foodservice Cuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Cooked Chop Color Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Ordering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Standardized Cuts (Series 400) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Portion Cuts (Series 4000) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Further-Processed/By-Products 173
Cured, Cured and Smoked, and Fully Cooked Pork Products
(Series 500) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179
Cured, Dried, Cooked, and Smoked Beef Products (Series 600) . . . . . . . .187
Variety Meats and Edible By-Products (Series 700). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Sausage Products (Series 800) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Poultry 215
Classes of Poultry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Ordering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Numbering System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Chicken 221
Chicken Foodservice Cuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Classes of Chicken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Chicken Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Further-Processed Chicken Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
vi The Meat Buyer’s Guide

02_747211_ftoc.qxp 11/30/05 2:37 PM Page vii
C O NTE NT S
Turkey 235
Turkey Foodservice Cuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Turkey Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Further-Processed Turkey Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Duck 245
Duck Foodservice Cuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Classes of Duck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Duck Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Further-Processed Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Goose 252
Goose Foodservice Cuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Classes of Geese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Geese Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Game Birds 257

Game Birds Foodservice Cuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Game Bird Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Nutrition Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
The Meat Buyer’s Guide vii

03_747211_fbetw.qxp 11/30/05 2:39 PM Page viii
03_747211_fbetw.qxp 11/30/05 2:39 PM Page ix
W H O W E AR E
W H O W E AR E
The North American Meat Processors Association is a non-profit trade associ-
ation comprised of meat processing companies and associates who share a con- OUR MISSION
tinuing commitment to provide their foodservice customers with reliable and
consistent meat, poultry, seafood, game, and other food products. The Provide our members a
Association, which was founded in 1942, has member companies both large and forum for success with
small throughout the United States, Canada, and other parts of the world. The exceptional education,
organization is best known by its acronym, NAMP, and is universally recognized
for its world-renowned publication, The Meat Buyer’s Guide. advocacy, and access to
resources while foster-
NAMP is a member-driven organization that provides both services and educa- ing life-long relation-
tional opportunities for the benefit of its membership. These programs are ships and long-term
designed to provide individual growth and help members achieve business suc-
cess. Each year NAMP presents its prestigious and coveted Harry L. Rudnick prosperity.
Educator’s Award to a distinguished educator to recognize outstanding contri-
butions in the field of meat education. NAMP also presents special awards for
accomplishment and service to its individual members. In addition, the
Association and its members encourage students, culinary and hospitality insti-
tutions, and industry-wide scientific and educational endeavors. NAMP pro-
vides leadership on issues that affect both the industry and the public, and
strives to address them for the benefit of all parties.
It is in this spirit that the North North American Meat

Processors Association
American Meat Processors Association 1910 Association Drive
Reston, VA 20191
has undertaken this publication of 703-758-1900
Fax: 703-758-8001
THE MEAT BUYER’S GUIDE www.namp.com
The Meat Buyer’s Guide ix

04_747211_fpref.qxp 11/30/05 2:40 PM Page x
P R E FAC E
P R E FAC E
The North American Meat Processors Association (NAMP) is proud to present this revised and
expanded version of The Meat Buyer’s Guide: Beef, Lamb,Veal, Pork, and Poultry to purchasers of
meat products worldwide.
From its inception in 1961, The Meat Buyer’s Guide has been the premier resource publication
for foodservice purchasers, educators, students, meat processing companies, and the many oth-
ers who deal with the public and our industry. The Guide has been revised a number of times
since its origin, most recently in 1997. This present edition of The Meat Buyer’s Guide not only
includes new information and a new look, but it also incorporates our 1999 premiere publica-
tion The Poultry Buyers Guide. This combination of our two prestigious resource publications
makes available in one volume the newest and most authoritative version of our widely regard-
ed and renowned publications.
Many changes have occurred in the meat and poultry industries since 1997. Research conduct-
ed at meat science universities has led to the identification of new uses for previously underval-
ued muscles in meat carcasses. New trim levels and shifts in consumer usage to more conven-
ience-oriented products have also created a desire for a host of new items. Expanded interna-
tional trade and increasing ethnic diversity in eating habits have resulted in increased product
diversification as well.
NAMP, in its efforts to address the many changes in the industry and to meet the demands of
the Twenty-first Century, took this opportunity to meet these challenges through the publication
of an entirely new version of The Meat Buyer’s Guide. Accordingly, users of The Guide will find
new photographs and descriptions depicting products, trim and processing options, along with
information on packaging, food safety, nutrition, cooking, and an enhanced glossary.
NEW TO THIS EDITION

䉬 The Meat Buyer’s Guide and The Poultry Buyer’s Guide in one volume
䉬 More than 60 new photographs
䉬 New descriptions of cuts and processing options
䉬 Updated coverage of food safety
x The Meat Buyer’s Guide

05_747211_flast01.qxp 12/1/05 10:32 AM Page xi
AC K N O W LE D G M E NT S
AC K N O W LE D G M E NT S
This publication would not have been possible without the dedicated assistance of NAMP’s
Meat Buyer’s Guide Revision Committee and its Species Committees, the complete support of
our membership, various meat groups, and many individuals from industry and government
who have given so generously of their time, energy and expertise. The current version of The
Meat Buyer’s Guide is based upon the latest in the series of Institutional Meat Purchasing
Specifications (IMPS) of the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA), Agricultural
Marketing Service’s (AMS), Livestock and Seed Program’s Standardization Branch and the
Poultry Program’s applicable U. S. Trade Descriptions for Poultry. NAMP is very appreciative
of the Department’s valuable assistance in all facets of The Guide.
We sincerely thank all of those who assisted us in this endeavor. Each and every one played an
important role in furthering the value of The Meat Buyer’s Guide both as an educational resource
and as a purchasing tool for the foodservice industry and the public at large. We are sure that
users of The Guide will be pleased with the results as well.
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xi

05_747211_flast01.qxp 12/1/05 10:32 AM Page xii
E N D O R S E M E NT S
Since 1961, foodservice organiza- The American Hotel & Lodging
tions have recognized The Meat Association
Buyer’s Guide as the premier publi-
cation for education and informa-
tion on the subject of meat cuts.
The United States government,
culinary schools, foodservice estab-
lishments and their employees,
industry food organizations, and
others wishing to gain knowledge
about meat rely daily on this publi-
American Lamb Board
cation.
This latest edition of The Guide

offers additional valuable informa-
tion on food safety, nutrition, and
new products.The North American
Meat Processors Association has
responded to the needs of our
industry and this new publication The Culinary Institute of America
has received the support of the
organizations listed.
Johnson & Wales University
National Cattlemen’s Beef

Association
National Chicken Council
xii The Meat Buyer’s Guide

05_747211_flast01.qxp 12/1/05 10:32 AM Page xiii
National Pork Board
National Poultry & Food Distributors

Association
National Restaurant Association
National Turkey Federation
USA Poultry & Egg Export Council
U.S. Meat Export Federation
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xiii

05_747211_flast01.qxp 12/1/05 10:32 AM Page xiv
LE T TE R O F S U PP O RT
LETTER OF SUPPORT
xiv The Meat Buyer’s Guide

06_747211_tab01.qxp 12/1/05 3:43 PM Page xv
T R I M / Q UALIT Y I N FO R MATI O N
TH E N A M P O M E TE R
Meat products are extremely perishable and the temperature of meat storage and cookery has an espe-
cially critical role in the microbiological safety of meat products. The “NAMPOMETER” on this page
illustrates the important relationship between temperature and meat product bacterial growth.
Maximum bacterial growth for most spoilage and pathogenic organisms associated with meat products
is between 40°F and 140°F.The thermal destruction of microorganisms is based on both time and tem-
perature. The temperatures shown on this chart do not reflect the time and temperature relationships.
Therefore, individual processes may differ with respect to the minimum temperature required to
destroy specific microorganisms based on time of application. Foodservice facilities may be required to
operate under the Food and Drug Administration’s Food Code, as may be adopted by individual states.
The NAMPOMETERS represent guidelines for meat processors and may not reflect the specific tem-
peratures required by state or federal regulation for restaurant operations.
TRIM/QUALITY
INFORMATION
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xv

06_747211_tab01.qxp 12/1/05 3:43 PM Page xvi
TH E N A M P O M E TE R
Temperature plays an important role in the relationship of meat storage and cookery to meat product
palatability. The “NAMPOMETER” shown on this page displays the desired storage temperatures to
retain maximum freshness for both fresh and frozen meat products. In addition, the internal meat tem-
peratures necessary to achieve specific levels of doneness are shown. The degree of doneness (and
hence internal temperature) of a meat product will have a major influence on the eating qualities of that
product. Foodservice facilities may be required to operate under the Food and Drug Administration’s
Food Code, as may be adopted by individual states. The NAMPOMETERS represent guidelines for
meat processors and may not reflect the specific temperatures required by state or federal regulation
for restaurant operations.
*Product temperature should be maintained below 45°F.
xvi The Meat Buyer’s Guide

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xvii
THE NAMPOMETER FOR POULTRY

Poultry products are extremely perishable and the temperature of poultry storage and cookery has an especial-
ly critical role in the microbiological safety of poultry products. Temperature also plays an important role in
the relationship of poultry storage and cookery to poultry product palatability. The poultry thermometer on
this page illustrates the important relationship between temperature and poultry product bacterial growth and
the desired storage temperatures to retain maximum freshness for both fresh and frozen poultry products. The
internal temperatures necessary to achieve specific levels of doneness are also shown. Foodservice facilities may
be required to operate under the Food and Drug Administration’s Food Code, as may be adopted by individ-
ual states. The NAMPOMETERS represent guidelines for meat processors and may not reflect the specific
temperatures required by state or federal regulation for restaurant operations.
*For additional information see pg. xxiii.
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xvii

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xviii
FO O D S AFE T Y
FO O D S AFE T Y
The United States Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) is the public
health agency that is responsible for ensuring that the nation’s commercial supply of meat, poultry, and egg
products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged. In addition to daily plant inspection and
oversight, FSIS analyzes products for microbiological and chemical adulterants and animal diseases, and
educates consumers about foodborne illness.
HACCP: HAZARD ANALYSIS CRITICAL CONTROL POINT SYSTEM

The USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service established a food safety and pathogen reduction pro-
gram called the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) System. It is being applied to both
domestic and imported meat and poultry production. The system relies on science-based techniques to
meet present-day food safety needs. It replaces reliance on decades-old organoleptic inspection methods
and command and control regulations. The HACCP system instead substitutes process controls and incor-
porates scientific data to address food safety needs. To be most effective, the HACCP system requires that
all in the food chain, from farm to table, accept their share of responsibility to ensure that meat and poul-
try, as well as seafood and other foods, are produced and cared for under the most rigorous food safety dis-
ciplines. NAMP members assure you of their dedication to this effort.
S AFE HAN D LI N G O F M E AT AN D
P O U LT RY P R O D U C T S
All uncooked and precooked meat products must be properly
stored, handled, and cooked to ensure public safety. However,
safe food handling does not end with the meat processor.
Refrigerated meat should be stored at temperatures less than

40°F and frozen meat should be stored at less than 0°F. In
order to prevent foodborne illness, foods must be cooked
properly to their individual minimum internal temperatures,
promptly chilled for storage if not consumed immediately, and
kept at proper storage temperatures.
For more information on critical temperatures for meat and poultry storage, handling, and cooking, please
refer to the NAMPOMETERs in this section.
Food handlers must take care not to cross-contaminate food. Do not use the same cutting boards or uten-
sils for both raw and cooked products without proper cleaning of the items between usage. Store raw food
products away from other cooked or raw food items. Food handlers must wash their hands with hot soapy
water before and after handling raw or cooked meat products.
FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE
For questions or problems with meat or poultry products outside Washington, D.C., call toll free, (800)
535-4555; within the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area, call (202) 720-3333.
You may also visit the FSIS website at www.fsis.usda.gov.
xviii The Meat Buyer’s Guide

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xix
MATE R IAL R E Q U I R E M E NT S
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
FO R B E E F, V E AL , L A M B , P O R K , AN D P O U LT RY
All product offered shall comply with the following material
requirements and the requirements of the specific item description.
QUALITY
Product Condition
All product offered for sale must be in excellent condition. The
exposed lean and fat surfaces shall be of a color and bloom nor-
CONVERSION CHART
mally associated with the class, grade, and cut of meat specified. Fractional equivalents to decimal and
The lean shall also be practically free of bruises, blood clots, metric measurements used through-
bloody tissue, blood discoloration, or any other conditions that out this Guide are as follows:
would negatively affect the use of the product.The meat must be
maintained in excellent condition through processing, storage, Inches Decimal Metric
and transit. Cut surfaces and naturally exposed lean surfaces, as 1
⁄8 0.125 3 mm
well as fat, shall show no more than slight darkening or discol- 1
⁄4 0.25 6 mm
oration due to dehydration, aging, and/or microbial activity or 3
⁄8 0.375 9 mm
oxidation unless the product was specified to be dry aged. No
1
other odors foreign to fresh meat shall be present. Changes in ⁄2 0.50 13 mm
5
color and odors characteristically associated with vacuum-pack- ⁄8 0.625 16 mm
aged meat in excellent condition, however, shall be acceptable. 3
⁄4 0.75 19 mm
Product shall show no evidence of any mishandling. Neither 7
⁄8 0.875 22 mm
should the product show evidence of freezing or defrosting
1 1.0 2.5 cm
unless either was requested by the purchaser.
Portion-cut and ground items to be delivered frozen may be produced from frozen meat cuts, provided such
cuts show no evidence of deterioration. Unless otherwise specified, portion-cut items shall maintain their
approximate original shape. Products thus produced shall be packaged, packed, and returned promptly to the
freezer.
Cutting, Trimming, and Boning

The cutting, trimming, and boning of the items shall be accomplished with sufficient care so that each cut
retains its identity and is devoid of objectionable scores in the lean. Ragged edges shall be removed close to the
lean surfaces. Except for cuts that are separated through natural seams, all cut surfaces shall be made at approx-
imate right angles with the skin surface. No more than a slight amount of lean, fat, or bone, provided the item
is being prepared bone in, shall be included from an adjacent cut. No bone shall be present in a boneless item.
When portioning steaks, except those that are cubed and/or knitted or otherwise described differently, the
steaks shall be cut in full slices in a straight line, reasonably perpendicular to the outer surface and at an approx-
imate right angle to the length of the cut being sliced or portioned. Individual steaks shall remain intact when
suspended 0.5 inch (13 mm) from the outer edge. Portion-cut items shall be practically free of fractures, tag
ends and knife scores.
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xix

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xx
Peeled/Denuded Due to the concerns regarding bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), the Food
Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) in 2004 amended its inspection regulations to
The term “peeled” implies sur- prohibit specific parts of cattle and beef carcasses from use as human food. In cattle
face fat and muscle separation over 30 months of age items that were designated as specified risk materials (SRMs)
through natural seams so that included the brain, skull, eyes, trigeminal ganglia, spinal cord, vertebral column
the resulting cut’s seamed sur- (excluding the vertebrae of the tail, the transverse processes of the thoracic and lum-
face (“silver” or “blue” tissue) is bar vertebrae, and the wings of the sacrum), and the dorsal root ganglia contained in
exposed with remaining “flake” the vertebral column. In addition, in cattle of all ages, FSIS designated that tonsils and
the distal ileum of the small intestine be classified as SRMs.
fat not to exceed 1.0 inch (2.5
cm) in the longest dimension Further FSIS required as an additional food safety measure that all non-ambulatory
and/or 0.125 inch (3 mm) in disabled cattle presented for slaughter be condemned and not enter the food chain.
depth at any point. The term BSE has never been found in the muscle tissue of beef carcasses. Primarily, all
foodservice beef items come from younger cattle much less than 30 months of
“denuded” implies all surface fat
age, and generally approximately 20 months old. See the FSIS website at
is removed so that the resulting http://www.fsis.usda.gov for more information.
cut’s seamed surface (“silver” or
“blue tissue”) is exposed with Fat Trim
remaining “flake” fat not to Trimming of external fat shall be accomplished by smoothly removing the fat follow-
exceed 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) in any ing the contour of the underlying muscle surface. Merely beveling the edges of a cut
dimension and/or 0.125 inch (3 or portion, so as to appear to achieve a desired fat trim, is not acceptable. Two terms
used for describing fat limitations are: (1) maximum fat thickness at any one point
mm) in depth at any point.
and (2) average fat thickness. These fat thickness requirements may be applicable
both to the external surface and/or seam fat within an item. Instead of selecting a spe-
Peeled/Denuded, cific measurement to determine the maximum and average fat thicknesses, a purchas-
Surface Membrane er may specify either one of the two fat trim requirements at the left as an alternative.
Removed
Method for Determining Fat Thickness in Cuts and Roast Items
When the surface membrane The maximum fat thickness at any one point is determined by visually examining the
(“silver” or “blue” tissue) is area of a cut that has the most fat thickness and measuring the fat thickness or depth
required to be removed at this point.
(skinned), the resulting cut sur- The average fat thickness is determined by visually selecting the different areas where
face shall expose at least 90 per- surface fat appears on the cut or roast and then taking measurements of the fat thick-
cent lean with remaining “flake” ness or depth only in these areas. The average fat thickness is then determined by
fat not to exceed 0.125 inch (3 adding the fat thickness measurements together and dividing the total by the number
mm) in depth. of measurements. For example, in the case of three measurements of surface area of
0.2 inch (5 mm) in depth, 0.3 inch (8 mm) in depth, and 0.4 inch (10 mm) in depth,
the average fat thickness or depth would be 0.3 inch (8 mm).
The above measurements of fat are made on the edges of the cut or roast by probing
or scoring the overlying surface fat as necessary, in a manner that determines the actu-
al fat thickness and reveals any natural depression or seam that could affect the meas-
urement.
FIGURE 1 BRIDGING AND PLANING

Bridging Planing
When a natural depres- When a seam of fat occurs
sion occurs in a muscle, 0.75 inch between adjacent muscles
only the fat above the width only the fat above the level
portion of the depres- of the involved muscles is
sion which is more than measured.
0.75 inch (19 mm) in
width is considered.
xx The Meat Buyer’s Guide

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxi
Bridging Method of Fat Measurement
When a natural depression occurs in a muscle, only the fat above the portion of the Whenever a fat limitation
depression that is more than 0.75 inch (19mm) in width is considered in making the
fat thickness determination. See Figure 1.
of either Peeled/Denuded
or Peeled/Denuded,
Planing Method of Fat Measurement Surface Membrane
When seam of fat occurs between adjacent muscles only the fat above the level of
the involved muscles is measured. See Figure 1.
Removed is specified,
only the Bridging Method
Method for Determining Fat Trim in Diced and Steak Portion-Cut Items shall be used in evaluating
The maximum fat thickness at any one point is determined by visually selecting the
areas on the edges of either side of the diced or portion-cut item that has the thick-
the fat above a natural
est amount of fat, and measuring the thickness or depth of surface fat at this point. depression in a muscle or
the fat occurring in the
The average fat thickness is determined by visually selecting the different areas
where surface fat appears on the diced or portion-cut item and then taking measure-
seam between adjacent
ments and computing the average fat thickness as in the preceding Cuts and Roasts muscles.
explanation.
The actual measurements of surface fat are made on the edges of the cut and by
probing or scoring the fat surface as necessary in a manner that reveals the actual fat
thickness. For steak items, the bridging and/or the planing methods shall be applied
to take into account any natural depression occurring in a muscle and/or when a
seam of fat occurs between adjacent muscles.
In the event a purchaser specifies a maximum seam fat limitation width at any one
point, then that limit shall be visually determined and measured at the points
between the layers of lean muscles on the side of the cut that has the thickest or
widest deposits of fat. The average thickness shall be determined by computing the
average fat thickness as in the preceding Cuts and Roasts explanation.
For steak items, the bridging and/or planing methods shall be applied to take into
account the irregular widths of the seam fat within a muscle depression or between
adjacent muscles in order to reveal the actual fat thickness (width) of fat within a
seam. Seam fat shall be evaluated no closer than 0.75 inch (19 mm) from the con-
tour (projected perimeter when symmetrically formed or unformed) of the outer
edge of the steak.
Whenever a fat limitation of either Peeled/Denuded or Peeled/Denuded, Surface

Membrane Removed is specified, only the Bridging Method shall be used in evalu-
ating the fat above a natural depression in a muscle or the fat occurring in the seam
between adjacent muscles.
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xxi

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxii
Purchasers should
Netting or Tying
When netting or tying is specified by the purchaser or required by the item description,
request clarifica- stretchable netting or any other equivalent FSIS-approved material shall be used to make
tion from their sup- roasts firm and compact. Unless otherwise specified, roasts shall be netted so that all por-
tions are held intact without any portions protruding through the ends of the netting.
pliers when these Alternatively, roasts may be string-tied by loops of twine uniformly spaced at no more than
terms are used to approximately 2.0 inch (5.0 cm) intervals girthwise or perpendicular to item length. When
describe an item girthwise tying does not make roasts firm and compact, lengthwise tying shall also be used.
All netting and tying materials shall be included with other packaging materials in determin-
they wish to buy. ing the tare weight.
Chop, Block-Ready, or Steak-Ready

The use of the terms Chop, Block-Ready, or Steak-Ready indicate that the cuts are ready to
be further processed into chops or steaks simply by using a knife or saw. When the terms
chop or block-ready are used in conjunction with Veal Rack items they specifically mean that
the items are split, the chine and feather bones, blade bone, related cartilage, back strap, and
the lifter muscles associated with the blade bone have been excluded. When the terms are
used with Veal Loin items they specifically mean that they are split, the chine and rib bones
excluded, the cavity is clean, and the flank has been excluded by a straight cut that is no
more than 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) below the longissimus dorsi muscle on the rib or sirloin ends.
Some Lamb items are identified as block or roast-ready with further explanation of the
meaning in the item description. Pork loins may also at times be identified as chop or block-
ready. The term steak-ready usually applies to beef rib or loin items.
Individual Muscle (IM)

When “IM” appears with the name of an item, it designates that the roast or steak is com-
posed of one muscle. Variation of quality will be eliminated since IM cuts will yield highly
uniform slices as compared to multiple muscle cuts. When por-tioning IM cuts, they should
be sliced at an approximate right angle to the grain (direction of muscle fibers).
Order of Tenderness
Top five beef muscles in order of tenderness:
P Psoas Major Beef Loin, Tenderloin (IM)
I Infraspinatus Beef Shoulder, Top Blade (IM)
G Gluteus Medius Top Sirloin Center-Cut (IM)
L Longissimus Dorsi Ribeye; Strip Steak, Center-Cut (IM)
T Triceps Brachii Beef Shoulder, Arm (IM)
xxii The Meat Buyer’s Guide

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxiii
The purpose of the following requirements is to provide a

purchaser with a variety of meat handling and packaging
options that conform to good manufacturing practices.
Purchasers may request any other specific requirements they wish. Some additional
requirements may be imposed when product is ordered under certification procedures.The
following explanations may not be inclusive.
State of Refrigeration
Each of the species and product sections in this guide provide information as to whether
the item may be ordered fresh, frozen, or in a further processed condition. The applicable
temperature requirements are also described. Purchasers may, if they desire, request that
products be stored and/or shipped subject to specific temperature requirements.
For poultry, effective December 17, 1997 the term “fresh” may be used only on raw poul-
try products whose internal temperature has never fallen below 26 degrees F. Poultry prod-
uct held at a temperature of 0 degrees F or below must be labeled “frozen,” or, if thawed,
“previously frozen.” There is neither label designation nor terminology for raw poultry
between 0 and 26 degrees F.
Packaging and Packing

There are different requirements for packaging depending on the type and size of the cut
and the purchaser’s specifications. Carcasses, sides, quarters, and primal cuts need not be
wrapped or boxed unless so specified by the purchaser. Bone-in or boneless subprimal cuts,
cured, smoked, cooked, dried, and variety meats, if not individually packaged, shall be
packed into boxes lined with plastic bags. Portion-cut items shall be packaged or layer
packed in small cartons with spacers between the layers. Packaging may consist of a vacu-
um-packaging-type barrier film with or without a modified atmosphere application, or with
any other approved wrapping material, or as the purchaser may specify.
Frozen bulk items, such as trimmings, shall be packed into wax-coated or impregnated car-
tons without liners. Ground and diced meat items shall be packaged in plastic bags or cas-
ings and may be packed in cartons. Patties may be packed in wax-coated or impregnated
cartons with or without plastic bags or in non-coated cartons lined with plastic bags. Patties
shall be separated from each other in a manner that prevents them from sticking together.
In addition purchasers may specify that metal-detection equipment be used on all types of
ground products. Products such as fresh, smoked, and cooked links may be packed in any
appropriate small carton with or without separators between the layers. Bacon layers shall
be separated or individually packaged.
All packaging material shall comply with FSIS regulations, and packages must be labeled
in accordance with FSIS regulations. Small cartons may be master packed. Master or ship-
ping cartons shall be of a size and bursting strength suitable for the purpose. All packaging
shall be done in a manner that will safeguard the product. Products may be palletized when
appropriate.
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xxiii

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxiv
G R AD I N G
GRADING
Q UALIT Y AN D Y I E L D G R AD E D E S C R I P TI O N S
AN D MAR K S O F I D E NTI FI C ATI O N
In the introductory section of each species section in The Guide you will find
a reference to grading. Beef, Lamb,Veal, Pork, and Poultry products may be
quality graded whereas only Beef, Lamb, and Pork may be yield graded.
Beef and Lamb use names to designate quality and numerals to identify
yield. Veal quality grades are also identified by name. Quality and yield
grades are combined into a single numerical designation for Pork. Poultry
grades are identified by letters.The grade names and procedures for their
use are supervised by the United States Department of Agriculture
(USDA), Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), Livestock & Seed
Program (LSP), Meat Grading and Certification Branch (MGC) (202-
720-1113) in and the USDA, AMS, Poultry Programs (202-720-4476),
Washington, DC, www.ams.usda.gov. While the use of meat grading servic-
es is voluntary, only the Meat Grading and Certification Branch or the
Poultry Programs may apply official grade marks. When requested, this
service shall be paid for either on an hourly or long-term contract basis by
those using the service. In addition, the user shall also comply with the Food
Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) grade labeling procedures. The offi-
cial USDA grade designation may appear in any one or any combination of
the following ways: (1) container markings, (2) on individual bags, (3) leg-
ible roller brand appearing on the meat, or (4) by a USDA shield stamp that
incorporates the quality and/or yield grade. Those desiring more informa-
tion may either write or telephone the MGC Branch or Poultry Programs.
The MGC Branch and Poultry Programs staff through its field offices and
field personnel is responsible for implementing the grading service’s day-to-
day activities.
xxiv The Meat Buyer’s Guide

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxv
G R AD I N G
An explanation of the applicable quality and yield grades for each species follows.
BEEF GRADING
Beef carcasses may be graded, for quality alone, yield alone, a combination of
quality and yield, or left ungraded as established by the regulations and as suits
the needs of slaughterers and their customers. The use of the system is entirely
voluntary and on a fee-for-service basis.
Quality Grades The beef photographs that

Quality grades serve to identify the eating characteristics of the product. They are appear in this Guide were
a guide to identify the tenderness and palatability of the meat.There are eight beef
quality grades. The grades, in order from the highest to lowest quality, are as fol- taken using “A” maturity car-
lows: U.S. Prime, U.S. Choice, U.S. Select, U.S. Standard, U.S. Commercial, U.S. casses identified as the mid-
Utility, U.S. Cutter, and U.S. Canner. Beef steers and heifers are eligible for all the
dle of the US. Choice grade.
above grade designations. Cows are eligible for all but Prime grade. Bullocks may
only be graded Prime, Choice, Select, Standard, and Utility. Bulls may not be Choice or Prime grade prod-
quality graded. Each grade level is identified by its own grade stamp. See exam- ucts are those most usually
ples on page xxiv. The grade designation assigned to a carcass is determined by
served by hotels, clubs, and
an evaluation of its sex characteristics, maturity, the quality of the lean muscle,
and the degree of marbling present. See examples and explanations of marbling restaurants. Foodservice
scores on page 3. The goal for the use of these criteria is to provide purchasers establishments normally
with a system that measures and predicts quality by methods that maximize con-
designate that their purchas-
sistency and reliability. Upon request, the grading service may establish specific
grade specification programs for purchasers or suppliers using the above criteria. es be of a specific quality.
A number of these purchase specification programs are presently in existence.
BEEF GRADING
C l a s s i f i ca t i o n
Quality Grades Steers/Heifers Cows Bullocks Bulls
U.S. Prime
• •
U.S. Choice
• • •
U.S. Select
• • •
U.S. Standard
• • •
U.S. Commercial
• •
U.S. Utility
• • •
U.S. Cutter
• •
U.S. Canner
• •
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xxv
07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxvi
G R AD I N G
Yield Grades
YIELD Yield Grades 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, are applicable to beef, bullock, bull, lamb, yearling mutton,
GRADE and mutton carcasses.Yield Grade (YG) 1 means that the animal will have the most use-
able lean or produce the greatest cutability from the carcasses whereas YG 5 will produce
Yield the least. In other words,YG 1 is the leanest whereas YG 5 is the fattest. The assessment
is made by an equation that includes the measurement of the ribeye, the presence of heart
Grade and pelvic fat, if applicable by the species requirements, and fat cover thickness.
Leanest Generally speaking, the higher the quality grade, the higher the yield grade. Consequently
1 most restaurant-quality Prime and Choice quality animals will fall in YG 3 and occasion-
ally higher. In beef animals, the adoption of cross-breeding techniques, improved diet,
2 and genetic changes have gone a long way toward eliminating excess fat so that the quan-
tity of YGs 1 and 2 are increasing and those of YGs 4 and 5 are decreasing. In most
3 instances, due to further trimming by suppliers, the YG will not appear on the product.
4 OVINE (L AMB AND MUTTON) GRADING

Fattest 5 Ovine carcasses, if offered for grading, must be simultaneously graded with both a qual-
ity grade and a yield grade. The regulations require that the kidney fat be removed prior
to grading. As with beef, official grading of lamb, yearling mutton and mutton carcasses
is a voluntary service, available only from the MGC Branch on a fee-for-service basis.
Quality Grades
As with the other species, quality grades serve to identify the eating characteristics of the
product. They are a guide to identify the tenderness and palatability of the meat. There
are four quality grades for lamb and yearling mutton.The grades, in order from the high-
est to lowest quality, are as follows: U.S. Prime, U.S. Choice, U.S. Good, and U.S. Utility.
Mutton may only be graded U.S. Choice, U.S. Good, U.S. Utility, or U.S. Cull. The dis-
tinction between lamb, yearling mutton, and mutton is based primarily on the absence or
presence of a spool or break joint on the foreleg trotter. Lamb, the youngest Ovine class
designation, will not display a spool joint. Although it is not part of the official U.S. grad-
ing standards, the term “Spring Lamb” has been used by the industry to designate young
lamb carcasses. In determining the quality grade, consideration is given to the animal’s
maturity based on its lean and skeletal development along with the degree of fat streak-
ing on the flank.
OV I N E G R A D I N G
C l a s s i f i ca t i o n
Quality Grades Lamb Yearling Mutton Mutton
U.S. Prime
• •
U.S. Choice
• • •
U.S. Good
• • •
U.S. Utility
• • •
U.S. Cull
•
xxvi The Meat Buyer’s Guide
07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxvii
G R AD I N G
Yield Grades
Yield grades (YG) of lamb, yearling mutton, and mutton carcasses VEAL & CALF
are calculated based on the external fat covering of the carcass.Yield GRADING
grades are identified by the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, with YG 1 hav-
ing the least external fat and YG 5 having the most external fat. C l a s s i f i ca t i o n
Generally speaking, only Prime and Choice quality grade lamb is
offered for grading. Since quality and yield grading are coupled, all Quality Grades Veal & Calf
graded carcasses will bear both the quality and yield grade marks.
Consequently there are more YG 2s in the Choice category.
VE AL AND CALF GRADING

U.S. Prime
U.S. Choice
••
Veal and calf carcasses may only be quality graded.Yield grades do
not apply. Relatively small numbers of veal and calf carcasses are
graded. As in beef and lamb, the use of the system is entirely volun-
U.S. Good
U.S. Standard
••
tary and on a fee-for-service basis.
Quality Grades
U.S. Utility
As with the other species quality grades serve to identify the eating characteristics of the
•
product. They are a guide to identify the tenderness and palatability of the meat. There Yield Grades
are five quality grades for veal and calf. The grades, in order from the highest to lowest
quality, are as follows: U.S. Prime, U.S. Choice, U.S. Good, U.S. Standard, and U.S. Because there is rela-
Utility. Most of the small number of carcasses graded are Choice grade with some tively little fat cover
Prime. The reason that few veal and calf carcasses are graded is accounted for by the
fact that higher-quality product is identified and sold as product produced by special on veal and calf car-
management techniques. casses there has been
no demonstrated
PORK GRADING need for the use of
yield grades.
Pork grading is not a major factor in determining quality at the foodservice level. Quality
grade and yield are combined in the pork grading system and expressed primarily in
numerical terms. The identifiers are U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 2, U.S. No. 3, U.S. No. 4, and
U.S. Utility for barrows and gilts. Sows are graded U.S. No. 1, 2, 3, U.S. Medium, and
U.S. Cull. Boars and Stags are not graded. See the Pork Section of this guide, page 139
for additional information about grade.
POULTRY
A number of factors are used to determine the quality grade designation of ready-to-
cook poultry carcasses, parts, or products.
Specifically, for ready-to-cook poultry carcasses and parts, the quality factors considered in
assessing the grade are:
1. Conformation 6. Discolorations
2. Fleshing 7. Disjointed and Broken Bones
3. Fat Covering 8. Missing Parts
4. Defeathering 9. Freezing Defects
5. Exposed Flesh
In determining the quality grade of other poultry products, the following factors are considered:
1. Presence of Bone, Tendons, and Cartilage
2. Bruising and Blood Clots
3. Other Product-Specific Factors
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xxvii

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxviii
H O W TO U S E YO U R M E AT B U Y E R ’ S G U I D E
HOW TO USE YOUR MEAT BUYER’S GUIDE

The items pictured and described in The
B E E F P O RTI O N C U T S
Meat Buyer’s Guide have been selected
from the Institutional Meat Purchase
Specifications (IMPS) and represent the
1103 Beef Rib, Rib Steak, Bone In
items most commonly used by foodser-
Bone-in rib steaks may be prepared from any bone-in rib
vice establishments and institutional pur- item. The latissimus dorsi, infraspinatus, and trapezius mus-
cles above the blade bone and the subscapularis and rhom-
chasers. The descriptions use terminolo- boideus muscles below it including the blade bone, related
cartilage, feather bones, chine bones, and backstrap shall
gy that will best identify the product in be excluded. The short ribs shall be excluded at a point
that is no more than 3.0 inches (7.5 cm) from the ventral
terms that will assure purchasers that edge of the longissimus dorsi muscle.
they will receive merchandise meeting 1103
their expectations. Purchasers should be
able to identify their purchase require-
ments by the item number and product 1103B Beef Rib, Rib Steak, Bone In,
Frenched
name listed in The Guide. Purchasers,
however, may desire additional products This item is prepared as described in Item No. 1103
except that each steak must be cut between the rib bones.
or ones with different specifications.Your The rib bone shall be completely trimmed of the inter-
costal meat, lean, and fat so that the bone is exposed from
NAMP suppliers will be pleased to assist the ventral edge of the longissimus dorsi to the end of the rib
bone. This item is also referred to as a “Cowboy Steak.”
you in meeting your requirements.
Alternative Purchaser Specified Options (PSO):
PSO: 1 - Purchaser may request that the rib be prepared
as a roast to the same specifications as Item No.
A number of products included in The 1103B but instead of being cut into steaks, it be
Meat Buyer’s Guide allow for Purchaser 1103B
left intact.
Specified Options (PSO). Some item as a roast as in PSO: 1 and then partially cut
into steaks and the balance left as a roast.
descriptions list trim level requirements, PSO: 3 - Purchaser may request that the rib steaks in
Item No. 1103B or PSO: 2 be split into two
or provide a number of choices, or con- steaks by a saw cut through the center of the rib
bone.
tain other specific requirements. The
Material Requirements for Beef, Lamb,
Veal, Pork, and Poultry and the General
Product Requirements in this section also
describe a number of general conditions 1103B PSO 1
affecting purchases. In addition, each
species and product introductory section
appearing later in The Guide also contain
some general product guidelines.
56 The Meat Buyer’s Guide
Purchasers should take the opportunity
to acquaint themselves with all the condi-
tions and product choices that may affect
the items they wish to buy.
UNIVERSAL PRODUCT CODE (UPC)

Universal Product Codes or UPC numbers are used to identify products by electronic devices for
both inventory control and pricing. Please note that the index pages for each section contain sug-
gested UPC numbers for the various cuts.
xxviii The Meat Buyer’s Guide

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxix
Additional information about the IMPS or the

specifications may be obtained from:
United States Department of Agriculture
Agricultural Marketing Service
Livestock and Seed Program Poultry Programs

Standardization Branch Standardization Branch
1400 Independence Ave. SW, STOP 0254 1400 Independence Ave. SW, STOP 0259
Washington, DC 20250 Washington, DC 20250
(202) 720-4486 (202) 720-3506
www.ams.usda.gov
Further, any member of the North American Meat Processors Association (NAMP) will be happy to
assist you in your product selection and will also be pleased to help you determine the trim and quality
most appropriate for your business needs. NAMP members are located in many communities across the
country and in Canada, Puerto Rico, and Australia.
A list of NAMP members in your area may also be obtained by calling the NAMP office at (703)
758-1900.
TRIM LEVELS
The following graph represents the most common fat trim level specifications currently used in the indus-
try. Purchasers have the option of specifying the trim level best suited to their need unless, however, a trim
level is specifically required by the product item description. In keeping with the current health and nutri-
tion recommendations of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, NAMP has chosen to illustrate either 0.25
inch (6 mm) or 0.125 inch (3 mm) fat trim dimensions in the photographs. Actual fat thickness trim on
any product, unless otherwise restricted, is to be agreed upon by the Buyer and Seller.
The Meat Buyer’s Guide xxix

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxx
ICONS In order to help you make use of The Meat Buyer’s Guide, we
have annotated some items and descriptions in The Guide with
icons. The symbols are used to aid in the identification of
Educational, Measurement, or Portion requirements.
EDUCATION
ME ASUREMENT
CUTTING
AND TRIMMING
THEY ARE AS FOLLOWS:
Mortarboard-designated items are those cuts that are no
longer commonly used and may not be readily available
in the marketplace. They have been included in The
Guide as an educational reference.
A ruler indicates cuts that have a specific measurement,

such as length or thickness.
A knife represents portion-cutting and/or those cuts for

which trimming is designated.
For poultry icons, see page 218.
xxx The Meat Buyer’s Guide

07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxxi
THE
MEAT BUYER’S
GUIDE
07_747211_flast02.qxp 12/1/05 10:34 AM Page xxxii
08_747211_tab02.qxp 1/9/06 2:08 PM Page 1
BEEF
BEEF FOODSERVICE CUTS

Foodservice Cuts
NAMPS/IMPS Number (North American Meat Processors Association/Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications)
©1997 North American Meat Processors Association
114 Beef Chuck, Shoulder 116A Beef Chuck, Chuck 120 Beef Brisket, Deckle- 121D Beef Plate, Inside 193 Beef Flank, Flank Steak
Clod Roll Off, Boneless Skirt
109 Beef Rib, Roast-Ready 109D BeefRib,Roast-Ready, 112A Beef Rib, Ribeye, 1112 Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll 1103B Beef Rib, Ribeye
Cover Off, Short Cut Lip-On Steak, Boneless Steak, Bone In,
(Export Style) Frenched
180 Beef Loin, Strip Loin, 1180 Beef Loin, Strip Loin 1173 Beef Loin, Porterhouse 189A Beef Loin, Tenderloin, 1189A Beef Loin, Tenderloin
Boneless Steak, Boneless Steak Full, Side Muscle On, Steak, Side Muscle
Defatted On, Defatted
1190A Beef Loin, Tenderloin 184D Beef Loin, Top Sirloin, 1185B Beef Loin, Bottom 169 Beef Round, Top (Inside) 1169 Beef Round, Top
Steak, Side Muscle Cap Sirloin, Butt, Ball Tip (Inside) Round Steak
Off, Skinned Steak
166B Beef Round, Rump and 170A Beef Round, Bottom 135A Beef for Stewing 136 Ground Beef 1100 Beef Cubed Steak
Shank Partially Off, (Gooseneck), Heel Out
Handle On
The above cuts are a partial representation of NAMPS/IMPS items.
The Meat Buyer’s Guide 1

08_747211_tab02.qxp 1/9/06 2:08 PM Page 2
B E E F FO O D S E RV I C E C U T S
Beef Steak Color Guide

Degrees of Doneness
VERY RARE RARE

A p p rox. 130°F, 55°C A p p rox. 140 °F, 60 °C
MEDIUM RARE MEDIUM

A p p rox 145°F, 63°C A p p rox 160 °F, 71°C
WELL DONE VERY WELL DONE

A p p rox 170°F, 77 °C A p p rox. 180 °F, 82 °C
The Official Guide published by the American Meat Science Association in cooperation with the National Cattlemen’s Beef
Association and the U.S. Department of Agriculture/ARS.
©1995 American Meat Science Association

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 3
MARBLING D E S C R I P TI O N S &
I L L U S T R AT I O N S
Quality Grade Since marbling is such an important factor in grading beef quality, the following pic-
Description tures illustrate the lower limits of six marbling degrees: Moderately Abundant,
Slightly Abundant, Moderate, Modest, Small, and Slight.
At right appear the six most com-
monly found marbling degrees It should be noted that there are ten degrees of marbling referred to in the Official
available to foodservice pur- United States Standards for Grades of Carcass Beef. These color photographs have
chasers. been developed to assist government, industry, and academia in the proper applica-
tion of official grade standards.
The descriptions apply to beef
carcasses from animals of approxi-
mately 9 to 30 months of age. The
U.S. Department of Agriculture
designates this age animal to be
“A” maturity in its official grading
standards.
95 percent or more of the officially
graded beef that is made available
to foodservice purchasers is of “A”
maturity.
Marbling Descriptions
• The degree of marbling illus-
trates the minimum amount of
MODERATELY ABUNDANT
• The minimum marbling degree
necessary for average U.S.
SLIGHTLY ABUNDANT
• U.S. PRIME must, at the mini-
mum level, be representative
• The
MODERATE
minimum marbling
degree necessary for high
marbling necessary to qualify
for the following U.S. quality
Prime.
• ofThe
Slightly Abundant.
minimum marbling
necessary to qualify for U.S.
U.S. Choice.
Prime grade.
grades.
• Though not officially graded

except as U.S. Prime or U.S.
Choice, the degree-of-marbling
photographs do identify the
points within each grade level.
Further explanations as to the
meaning of the quality grading
photographs or the criteria may be
obtained from the US. Department
of Agriculture, Agricultural
Marketing Service, Livestock &
Seed Program, either the
Standardization Branch, or the MODEST SMALL SLIGHT
Meat Grading and Certification • The minimum marbling
degree necessary for average
• U.S. CHOICE must, at the mini- • U.S. SELECT must, at the
mum level, be representative minimum level, be repre-
Branch, or from a member of the U.S. Choice. of Small. sentative of Slight.
North American Meat Processors • The minimum marbling nec-
essary to qualify for U.S.
Association. Choice grade.
The above illustrations are reduced reproductions of the Official USDA Marbling Photographs prepared for the
U.S. Department of Agriculture by and available from the National Cattlemen's Beef Association.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 4:39 PM Page 4
Beef Skeletal Chart

Location, Structure, and Names of Bones
Courtesy of the American Meat Science Association.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 5
B E E F P R I MAL C U T S
LOIN-ROUND SEPARATION
B
B i c e p s Femori s
G l u te u s M e d i u s
2 D Va stu s L a tera l i s
1 Ilium G l u te u s
2 Sacral vertebrae P ro f u n d u s
3 Ball of Femur 1 R e c tus Femori s
3 A
A, B Tensor fasciae latae
C Sartorius E
D Gluteus accessorius
158 E Ilio-psoas
C
Beef Round RIB-LOIN SEPARATION 1

F D
A Multifidus dorsi E A
C
B Spinalis dorsi
C Longissimus costarum
D Intercostal L o n g i ss i m u s d o rs i
E Serratus dorsalis, posterior
F Obliquus abdominis externus B
1 Thoracic vertebrae
172 RIB-CHUCK SEPARATION

Beef Loin, Trimmed
L a ti s s i u m u s d o r s i
F 3
ius
p ez us
G Serra tu s v e n tra l i s
Tra o ide D
mb s
Rho imu
g i ss
L o n rs i E Intercostal muscle
B do
1
A C 2
A Multifidus dorsi E Longissimus costarum 1 Ligamentum nuchae

B Spinalis dorsi F Infraspinatus 2 Thoracic Vertebrae
103 C
D
Complexus
Serratus dorsalis
G Subscapularis 3 Scapula
Beef Rib
CHUCK-BRISKET SEPARATION
A Brachiocephalicus C Triceps brachii, medial head E Intercostal
B Superficial pectoral D Tensor fasciae antibrachii 1 Humerus
2 Ribs
Tricep
later a s b r a c h i ,
B ra c h i a l i s l head
1 Triceps brachi,
A
Biceps C long head D
br a c h i
Deep pectoral
B
113 2
E S e r r a tu s
2
Beef Chuck, Square Cut 2 v e n tra l i s

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 6
INDEX BEEF PRODUCTS AND WEIGHT RANGES
Weight Ranges (Pounds)
SUGGESTED
ITEM PRODUCT NAME UPC NO. PG. A B C D
100 Carcass 1000 11 500–600 600–700 700–800 800–up

101 Side 1000 11 250–300 300–350 350–400 400–up
102 Forequarter 1002 11 131–157 157–183 183–400 400–up
103 Rib, Primal 1003 12 24–28 28–33 33–38 38–up
107 Rib, Oven-Prepared 1171 12 17–19 19–23 23–26 26–up
109 Rib, Roast-Ready 1173 13 14–16 16–19 19–22 22–up
109A Rib, Roast-Ready, Special 1173 14 14–16 16–19 19–22 22–up
109B Rib, Blade Meat 1185 14 3–up
Rib, Roast-Ready, Cover Off,
109D 1190 14 12–14 14–17 17–20 20–up
Short-Cut
109E Rib, Ribeye Roll, Lip-On, Bone In 1193 14 11–13 13–16 16–19 20–up
110 Rib, Roast-Ready, Boneless 1172 15 11–13 13–16 16–19 19–up
112 Rib, Ribeye Roll 1177 15 5–6 6–8 8–10 10–up
112A Rib, Ribeye Roll, Lip-On 1176 15 6–7 7–9 9–11 11–up
112C Rib, Ribeye (IM) 1192 16 3–4 4–6 6–8 8–up
112D Rib, Ribeye Cap (IM) 1185 16 Under 2 2–up
113 Chuck, Square-Cut 1006 17 66–79 79–93 93–106 106–up
114 Chuck, Shoulder (Clod) 1019 17 13–15 15–18 18–21 21–up
114C Chuck, Shoulder (Clod), Trimmed 1021 18 Under 12 12–14 14–18 18–up
114D Chuck, Shoulder (Clod), Top Blade 1137 18 Under 2 8–10 10–12 12–up
Chuck, Shoulder (Clod),
114E 1131 19 Under 8 8–10 10–12 12–up
Arm Roast
114F Chuck, Shoulder Tender (IM) 1030 19 0.6–0.75 0.75–0.9 0.9–1.00 1–up
115 Chuck, Square-Cut, Boneless 1010 20 54–65 65–77 77–88 88–up
Chuck, Square Cut,
115D 1632 20 Random
Pectoral Meat (IM)
116A Chuck, Chuck Roll 1028 21 13–15 15–18 18–21 21–up
116B Chuck, Chuck Tender 1115 21 Under 1 1–3 3–up
116D Chuck, Chuck Eye Roll 1029 22 Under 8 8–10 10–14 14–up
116E Chuck, Under Blade Roast 1151 22 Under 8 8–10 10–14 14–up
116G Chuck, Edge Roast (IM) 1092 22 Under 2 2–up
116H Chuck, Chuck Eye (IM) 1095 23 Under 2 2–up
117 Foreshank 1633 23 7–8 8–10 10–12 12–up
120 Brisket, Deckle-Off, Boneless 1615 23 6–8 8–10 10–12 12–up

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 7
SUGGESTED Weight Ranges (Pounds)

120A Brisket, Flat Cut, Boneless (IM) 1622 24 4–6 6–8 8–10 10–up
120B Brisket, Point Cut, Boneless (IM) 1627 24 Under 3 3–4 4–6 6–up
120C Brisket, 2-Piece, Boneless 1616 24 6–8 8–10 10–12 12–up
121 Plate, Short Plate 1593 24 20–27 27–31 31–35 35–up
121C Plate, Outside Skirt, (Diaphragm) (IM) 1607 24 1–2 2–3 3–up
Plate, Inside Skirt, (Transversus
121D 1612 25 1–3 3–4 4–up
Abdominis) (IM)
123 Short Ribs 1599 25 2–3 3–4 4–5 5–up
123A Short Plate, Short Ribs, Trimmed 1597 25 Amount as Specified
123B Rib, Short Ribs, Trimmed 1602 26 Amount as Specified
123C Rib, Short Ribs 1612 26 Amount as Specified
123D Short Ribs, Boneless (IM) 1604 26 1–2 2–3 3–4 4–up
124 Rib, Back Ribs 1182 26 Amount as Specified
124A Rib, Rib Fingers, Boneless 1190 27 Amount as Specified
130 Chuck, Short Ribs 1124 27 2–3 3–4 4–5 5–up
134 Beef Bones 1644 27 Amount as Specified
135 Diced Beef 1727 28 Amount as Specified
135A Beef for Stewing 1742 28 Amount as Specified
135B Beef for Kabobs 1724 28 Amount as Specified
136 Ground Beef 1653 29 Amount as Specified
Ground Beef and Vegetable
136A 1704 29 Amount as Specified
Protein Product
136B Beef Patty Mix 1705 30 Amount as Specified
136C Beef Patty Mix, Lean 1706 30 Amount as Specified
137 Ground Beef, Special 1700 30 Amount as Specified
140 Hanging Tender 1435 31 Random
155 Hindquarter 1003 11 119–143 143–167 167–190 190–up
158 Round, Primal 1439 31 59–71 71–83 83–95 95–up
158A Round, Diamond-Cut 1461 32 63–76 76–89 89–102 102–up
159 Round, Primal, Boneless 1462 32 44–53 53–62 62–71 71–up
160 Round, Shank Off, Partially Boneless 1440 32 47–57 57–67 67–76 76–up
Round, Heel and Shank Off, Semi-
160B 1463 33 38–46 46–54 54–60 60–up
Boneless
161 Round, Shank Off, Boneless 1441 33 42–51 51–62 62–71 71–up
Round, Heel and Shank Off,
161B 1478 33 30–37 37–44 44–51 51–up
Without Knuckle, Boneless

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 8
SUGGESTED Weight Ranges (Pounds)

UPC NO.
ITEM PRODUCT NAME PG. A B C D
163 Round, Shank Off, 3-Way, Boneless 1442 33 41–50 50–58 58–66 66–up
Round, Rump Partially Removed,

166A 1491 33 44–52 52–61 61–70 70–up
Shank Off
Round, Rump and Shank Partially

166B 1493 34 44–52 52–61 61–70 70–up
Off, Handle On
167 Round, Knuckle (Tip ) 1525 34 8–9 9–11 11–13 13–up

167A Round, Knuckle (Tip), Peeled 1526 35 7–8 8–10 10–12 12–up
167D Round, Knuckle (Tip), Peeled, 2-Piece 1578 35 5–7 7–9 9–12 12–up
Round, Knuckle (Tip),
167E 1549 35 Under 2 2–up
Center Roast (IM)
167F Round, Knuckle (Tip), Side Roast (IM) 1463 35 Under 2 2–up
168 Round, Top (Inside), Untrimmed 1453 36 14–17 17–20 20–23 23–up
169 Round, Top (Inside) 1455 36 14–17 17–20 20–23 23–up
169A Round, Top (Inside), Cap Off 1454 36 12–15 15–18 18–20 20–up
169B Round, Top (Inside), Cap (IM) 1461 36 1–2 2–3 3–up
169C Round, Top (Inside), Side (IM) 1571 37 Under 1 1–up
Round, Top (Inside), Soft Side

169D 1461 37 9–10 10–12 12–14 14–up
Removed
170 Round, Bottom (Gooseneck) 1443 37 18–23 23–27 27–31 31–up

170A Round, Bottom (Gooseneck), Heel Out 1445 38 17–20 20–24 24–28 28–up
171B Round, Outside Round (Flat) 1464 38 8–10 10–13 13–16 16–up
171C Round, Eye of Round (IM) 1460 39 Under 3 3–5 5–up
Round, Outside Round, Side Muscle
171D 1462 39 4–6 6–9 9–12 12–up
Removed (IM)
Round, Outside Round, Side Roast
171E 1463 39 2–3 3–5 5–7 7–up
(IM)
171F Round, Bottom Round, Heel 1477 39 3–4 4–6 6–up
172 Loin, Full Loin, Trimmed 1270 40 30–37 37–45 45–52 52–up
172A Loin, Full Loin, Diamond-Cut, Trimmed 1305 41 35–42 42–50 50–57 57–up
174 Loin, Short Loin, Short-Cut 1278 41 14–20 20–25 25–30 30–up
175 Loin, Strip Loin, Bone In 1285 42 11–14 14–18 18–22 22–up
176 Loin, Steak Tail 1415 43 0.6–0.75 0.75–0.9 0.9–1.00 1–up
180 Loin, Strip Loin, Boneless 1286 43 8–10 10–12 12–14 14–up
181 Loin, Sirloin 1282 44 16–19 19–24 24–28 28–up
181A Loin, Top Sirloin, Bone In 1303 44 11–14 14–17 17–20 20–up

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 9

SUGGESTED
184 Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Boneless 1298 44 8–10 10–12 12–14 14–up
Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Semi Center-Cut,

184A 1306 45 7–9 9–11 11–13 13–up
Boneless
Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Center-Cut,
184B 1313 45 5–7 7–9 9–11 11–up
Boneless, Cap Off (IM)
184D Loin, Top Sirloin, Cap (IM) 1300 45 1–2 2–3 3–4 4–up
Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Boneless,

184E 1299 45 8–9 9–11 11–13 13–up
2-Piece
Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Center-Cut,
184F 1428 45 6–7 7–8 8–10 10–up
Boneless, Seamed, 2-Piece
185 Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Boneless 1274 46 5–6 6–7 7–8 8–up
Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Flap,
185A 1302 46 1–3 3–up
Boneless (IM)
Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Ball Tip,
185B 1307 46 1.5–3 3–up
Boneless
Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Tri-Tip,
185C 1429 47 1.5–3 3–up
Boneless (IM)
Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Tri-Tip,
185D 1430 47 1.5–3 3–up
Boneless, Defatted (IM)
189 Loin, Tenderloin, Full 1293 47 4–5 5–6 6–7 7–up
Loin, Tenderloin, Full, Side Muscle On,

189A 1387 48 3–4 4–5 5–6 6–up
Defatted
Loin, Tenderloin, Full, Side Muscle Off,
190 1394 48 2–3 3–4 4–up
Defatted
Loin, Tenderloin, Full, Side Muscle Off,
190A 1387 48 2–3 3–4 4–up
Skinned
191 Loin, Tenderloin, Butt 1295 49 1–2 2–3 3–4 4–up
191A Loin, Tenderloin, Butt, Defatted 1296 49 1–2 2–3 3–4 4–up
191B Loin, Tenderloin, Butt, Skinned 1297 49 Under 2 2–3 3–up
192 Loin, Tenderloin, Short 1386 50 2–3 3–4 4–up
192A Loin, Tenderloin Tails 1394 50 Amount as Specified
193 Flank, Flank Steak (IM) 1581 50 Under 1 1–2 2–up

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 10
O R D E R I N G D ATA
Purchaser Specified Grade
Options (PSO) Purchasers may request a specific quality or yield grade, or a
Purchasers may specify a number of different combination of quality and yield grade, or make their beef pur-
options on the products they wish to purchase without stipulating any grade whatsoever. Descriptions of
chase. These options (PSO) include, among beef quality and yield grades, beef marbling pictures, an expla-
others, quality grade, yield grade, state of nation of the available grading options, and the labeling require-
refrigeration, fat limitation measurements, and ments that apply to identify the product, package, or container
processing instructions. Items listed in the text appear in the front section of this guide. Beef quality grades are
may also include specific requirements in the officially determined by the Meat Grading and Certification
Item Description of the product, and/or offer a Branch of the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service.
range of PSO choices. Some of these options
are explained in more detail in the
Introductory Section at the front of The Meat Fat Limitation Options (FLO)
Buyer’s Guide, or later in this section, or in the CARCASSES AND QUARTERS
appropriate Item Description. Purchasers who
The purchaser shall specify yield grade and/or maximum aver-
have special needs or specifications should
age thickness of surface fat.
contact their suppliers.
CUTS AND ROASTS
State of Refrigeration The purchaser shall specify one of the following maximum aver-
age thicknesses of surface fat unless definite fat limitations are
indicated in the detailed Item Descriptions.
A 28°F (–2.2°C)
FRESH or higher Cuts and Roasts
Option Maximum at Any One
Maximum Average Thickness
No. Point
1 0.75 inch (19 mm) “Commodity trim” 1.0 inch (2.5 cm)
2 0.25 inch (6 mm) 0.50 inch (13 mm)
B 3 0.125 inch (3 mm) 0.25 inch (6 mm)

28°F (–2.2°C)
Practically Free (75 percent lean/seam
FROZEN or lower 4 surface exposed)
0.125 inch (3 mm)
Peeled/Denuded* (remaining fat shall

not exceed 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) in the
5 longest dimension and/or 0.125 inch
0.125 inch (3 mm)
(3 mm) in thickness)
Peeled/Denuded, Surface Membrane
6 Removed** (90 percent lean exposed)
0.125 inch (3mm)
*/** — see page xx for definition

C 0°F (–17.8°C)
PSO or lower
NOTE: When average fat thicknesses are specified in Item
Descriptions, the appropriate “Maximum at Any One Point” limi-
tation shall apply.
Product may be ordered fresh or frozen.

In f o r m a tion on Beef muscle nomenclature may be found
The term fresh chilled is used by the USDA
o n t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f N e b r a s k a w e b s i te a t :
Agricultural Marketing Service to describe
product that has not been previously frozen.
h t t p : / / w w w . b o v i n e. u n l . e d u / b o v i n e 3 D / e n g / i n d e x . j s p

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 11
100 Beef Carcass

The carcass shall consist of two matched sides, each con-
sisting of a forequarter and a hindquarter. The sides shall
be produced by splitting the carcass down the back expos-
ing the spinal groove at least 75 percent of the length of
either side. No more than a minor amount of major mus-
cles shall be removed from either side. The forequarters
and hindquarters are produced by completely or partially
separating the quarters from the carcass by a cut following
the natural curvature between the 12th and 13th ribs. The
diaphragm may be excluded; however, if present, it shall
be firmly attached and the membranous portion shall be
trimmed close to the lean. The thymus gland and heart fat
shall be closely trimmed and excluded. Purchasers for
export may request that carcasses be separated differently.
101 Beef Side

This item is as described in Item No. 100, except the side
is one matched forequarter and hindquarter.The side shall
be trimmed as described in Item No. 100.
102 Beef Forequarter

The beef forequarter is the anterior portion of the side
after severance from the hindquarter as described in Item
No. 100. The forequarter shall be trimmed as described in
Item No. 100.
100
155 Beef Hindquarter

The hindquarter is the posterior portion of the side after
severance from the forequarter as described in Item No.
100.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:41 AM Page 12
103 Beef Rib, Primal

The primal rib is that portion of the forequarter remain-
ing after excluding the cross-cut chuck and short plate and
shall contain seven ribs (6th to 12th inclusive). The poste-
rior tip of the blade bone (scapula), and the thoracic ver-
tebrae remain attached to the ribs. The loin end shall fol-
low the natural curvature of the 12th rib. The chuck is
excluded by a straight cut between the 5th and 6th ribs.
103 View from Loin End The short plate is excluded by a straight cut that is ventral
to, but not more than 6.0 inches (15.0 cm) from, the
longissimus dorsi at the loin end, to a point on the chuck
end ventral to, but not more than 10.0 inches (25.4 cm)
from, the longissimus dorsi. The diaphragm and fat on the
ventral surface of the vertebrae shall be excluded.
103 View from Chuck End
107 Beef Rib, Oven-Prepared

This item is prepared as described in Item No. 103, except
the short plate shall be excluded by a straight cut that is
ventral to, but not more than 3.0 inches (7.5 cm) from, the
longissimus dorsi at the loin end, to a point on the chuck
end ventral to, but not more than 4.0 inches (10.0 cm)
from, the longissimus dorsi. The chine bone shall be exclud-
ed so that the lean is exposed between the ribs and the
107 View from Loin End feather bone and vertebrae junctures, leaving the feather
bones attached. The blade bone and related cartilage shall
be excluded.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 13
109 Beef Rib, Roast-Ready

This item is prepared from a rib item meeting the end
requirements of Item No. 107. In addition, the backstrap,
latissimus dorsi, infraspinatus, subscapularis, rhomboideus,
and trapezius shall be excluded. The exterior fat cover that
had been over the latissimus dorsi and trapezius may be
separated from the rib to accommodate removal of the
backstrap and then returned to its original position. The
fat cover shall be trimmed even with the short plate side
and shall not have holes larger than 2.0 square inches
(12.9 sq cm) or exceed 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) in depth at any 109 View from Loin End
point. The rib shall be netted or tied.
109 Processing View, Roast-Ready

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 14
109A Beef Rib, Roast-Ready,

Special
This item is as described in Item No. 109, except feather

bones are also excluded. In addition, the exterior fat cover
that had covered the latissimus dorsi, trapezius, longissimus
dorsi, and spinalis dorsi shall be separated to facilitate trim-
ming of the underlying fat to a uniform thickness over the
entire seamed surface. The exterior fat covering shall be
replaced in its original position so that it extends from the
feather bone edge of the rib bones toward the edges of the
109A rib bones at the short plate side. Any fat cover extending
beyond the short plate edges of the ribs shall be excluded.
109B Beef Rib, Blade Meat

This item consists of portions of those muscles that are
immediately below (subscapularis and rhomboideus) and
above (latissimus dorsi, infraspinatus, and trapezius) the
blade bone and related cartilage of the primal rib.The lean
surfaces shall be trimmed practically free of fat. All bones
and cartilages shall be excluded.
109B
109D Beef Rib, Roast-Ready, Cover

Off, Short-Cut (Export Style)
This item is prepared from a rib as described in Item No.

109A, except the fat cover shall be excluded. In addition,
the short plate shall be further excluded by a straight cut
that is ventral to, but not more than 2.0 inches (5.0 cm)
from, the longissimus dorsi at the loin end to a point on the
chuck end ventral to, but not more than 3.0 inches (7.5
cm) from, the longissimus dorsi.
109D
109E Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll, Lip-On,

Bone In (Export Style)
This item is as described in Item 109D, except the short PSO: 1 - 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) x 1.0 inch (2.5 cm)
plate shall be removed by a straight cut that is ventral to, 2 - 0 inch x 0 inch (product name shall omit
but not more than 2.0 inches (5.0 cm) from, the longis- reference to “lip on”)
simus dorsi at either end of the rib. The purchaser has the 3 - Other
option in addition to specify one of the following PSO’s for
short plate removal.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 15
110 Beef Rib, Roast-Ready, Boneless

This item is prepared the same as Item No. 109, except in
addition, all bones and intercostal meat shall be excluded.
The exterior fat cover shall not extend beyond the short
plate edge. The boneless roast shall be netted or tied.
110
112A Beef Rib, Ribeye, Lip-On

The boneless ribeye, lip-on may be prepared from any rib
item meeting the end requirements of Item No. 109. The
item contains the longissimus dorsi, spinalis dorsi, complexus,
and multifidus dorsi muscles and a lip consisting of the ser-
ratus dorsalis and longissimus costarum muscles and related
intermuscular fat on the short plate side. The lip length
shall be prepared with a straight cut that is ventral to, but
not more than 2.0 inches (5.0 cm) from, the longissimus
dorsi. The item shall be practically free of surface fat and 112A
intercostal meat. All other muscles, bones, cartilages, back-
strap, and the exterior fat cover shall be excluded.
112 Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll

This boneless item is the same as Item No. 112A, except
the lip portion shall be excluded at the natural seam imme-
diately ventral to the longissimus dorsi.
112

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 16
112C Beef Rib, Ribeye (IM)

This item shall consist of the longissimus muscle only from
the ribeye roll. The complexus and spinalis muscles have
been removed by cutting through the natural seams.
112C Anterior
112C Posterior
112D Beef Rib, Ribeye Cap (IM)

This item will consist of the spinalis dorsi/multifidus dorsi
muscle from the ribeye roll. The longissimus and complexus
muscles have been removed by cutting through the natural
seams.
PSO: 1 – Complexus muscle included.

112D
112D PSO 1

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 17
113 Beef Chuck, Square-Cut

This item is the portion of the forequarter after removal of
the rib, short plate, foreshank, and brisket. The rib end of
the chuck shall be prepared by a straight cut between the
5th and 6th ribs. The brisket and foreshank shall be
removed by a straight cut that is at an approximate right
angle to the rib end. Evidence of the cartilaginous juncture
of the 1st rib and the sternum shall be present on the
brisket side. The thymus gland and heart fat shall be close-
ly removed and excluded.
113
Purchasers may specify that Item No. 113 be separated

into a blade and arm portion. If so, request Item No. 113A.
The separation is made at a point no more than 5.0 inch-
es (12.5 cm) or less than 3.0 inches (7.5 cm) from the
longissimus dorsi. Purchasers who in addition desire that the
neck portion of the blade separation be excluded should
request Item No. 113B. Item No. 113C consists of the
blade portion of Item No. 113B and the arm roast
described in Item No. 114E, which are each individually
packaged and placed in the same container.
114 Beef Chuck, Shoulder (Clod) Infraspinatus

“Flat Iron” Teres Major
“Petite Tender”
The shoulder, or “clod,” the term by which this item is

usually identified, is the large muscle system that lies above
and to the rear of the elbow joint and below and to the rear
of the ridge of the scapula and the 6th rib bone. The cuta-
neous muscle or “shoulder rose” shall be removed when
the underlying fat exceeds the surface fat thickness speci-
fied by the purchaser. The presence of the trapezius, cuta-
neous trunci, teres major, and the minor muscles over the Triceps Brachii
Long Head
humerus are optional. The tendons on the elbow shall be
114 “Shoulder Center”
trimmed to even with the lean. All bones and cartilages
shall be removed.
If roasts are desired to be prepared from the clod, the pur-

chaser should specify Item No. 114A. No roast shall be
less than 1 inch (2.5 cm) thick, except within 0.75 inch
(19 mm) of the juncture of the trapezius and latissimus
dorsi muscles so as to comply with the surface fat require-
ments. The roasts are to be prepared horizontally and may
be further divided in approximate sizes or weights speci-
fied by the purchaser. Cuts should be made at right angle
to the length and in approximate equal portions. All roasts
shall be netted or tied.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 18
114C Beef Chuck, Shoulder (Clod),

Trimmed
This item is as described in Item No. 114, except the cuta-
neous trunci (shoulder rose), latissimus dorsi, the optional
minor muscles (trapezius, teres major), and muscles over
the humerus shall be removed. To facilitate packaging, the
infraspinatus may be separated and included.
114D Beef Chuck, Shoulder (Clod),

Top Blade
This item is derived from Item No. 114 and shall consist
of the infraspinatus muscle, untrimmed.
PSO: 1 – Purchaser may request that this item be further

trimmed to remove the internal connective tis-
sue or shoulder tendon. To remove the tissue or
tendon it must be completely exposed by a but-
terfly cut prior to its removal. Purchaser may
also request that this item then be separated
114D into two pieces after completely removing the
shoulder tendon. After the removal of the ten-
don the item is sometimes referred to as a “Flat
Iron.”
114D PSO 1

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 19
114E Beef Chuck, Shoulder (Clod),

Arm Roast
This item is derived from Item No. 114 and shall consist
of the large muscle system of the thick end of the clod (tri-
ceps brachii long head, triceps brachii lateral head, and may
consist of the triceps brachii medial head and tensor fascia
antibrachii).
PSO: 1 - Purchaser may request that only the triceps

brachii long head and a small portion of the triceps 114E
brachii lateral head muscles at the thick end of the
Clod shall remain after being separated from the
other muscles identified in Item No. 114E. The
heavy part of the elbow tendon should be
removed. The muscle is to be completely
trimmed of all fat and connective tissue. The
item is usually referred to as the “Clod Heart” or
“Shoulder Center.” Photograph is from the
shank or ventral side.
114E PSO 1
114F Beef Chuck, Shoulder

Tender (IM)
This item is prepared from Item No. 114 by separating the

teres major muscle from the clod by cutting through the
natural seam. This individual muscle (IM) is sometimes
referred to as the “Petite Tender.”
114F
PSO: 1 - Purchaser may specify that this item shall be
trimmed to FLO 6, Peeled/Denuded, Surface
Membrane Removed (see page 10).
114F PSO 1

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 20
115 Beef Chuck, Square-Cut, Boneless

This boneless item is prepared from any chuck item with
the brisket and foreshank removed. The full clod shall be
separated (but included) as described in Item No. 114
and may be separated prior to cutting the brisket side. On
the rib end, the longissimus dorsi shall be twice as large as
the complexus. No fewer than 5 rib marks shall be present.
The brisket side and rib end shall be straight cuts form-
ing an approximate right angle. On the brisket side, the
115 deep pectoral shall extend to the 3rd rib mark but not
past the 5th rib mark. Though this item is normally avail-
able in the two pieces as pictured and described above,
the item also may be purchased separated into three
pieces as hereafter described. After separating the clod,
the blade portion shall then be separated from the arm
portion by a straight cut, approximately perpendicular
with the rib end, which is ventral to, but not more than
5.0 inches (12.5 cm) or less than 3.0 inches (7.5 cm)
from, the longissimus dorsi at the rib end. All bones, carti-
lages, backstrap, prescapular lymph gland, heart fat, and
thymus gland shall be excluded.
When Item No. 115 has been prepared in three pieces,

Item No. 115A describes the specifications for the Beef
Chuck, Blade Portion, Boneless, and Item No. 115B
describes the specifications for the Beef Chuck, Arm-Out,
Boneless. These items may be purchased individually.
Beef Chuck, Square-Cut,

115D Pectoral Meat (IM)
This item consists of the deep pectoral muscle that remains

in the square cut chuck after the brisket is removed. It is
removed from the chuck by cutting through the natural
seams.
115D

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 21
116A Beef Chuck, Chuck Roll

This boneless item is prepared from a neck off boneless
square-cut chuck and consists only of the large muscle sys-
tem that lies under the blade bone that contains the longis-
simus dorsi, rhomboideus, spinalis dorsi, complexus, multifidus
dorsi, serratus ventralis, subscapularis, and splenius. The arm
portion shall be excluded by a straight cut that is not more
than 3.0 inches (7.5 cm) ventral from the longissimus dorsi
at the rib end and not more than 4.0 inches (10.0 cm)
from the complexus at the neck end. Any cartilages, back-
strap, trapezius, supraspinatus, intercostal meat (rib fin- 116A PSO 1
gers), and prescapular lymph gland shall also be excluded.
When smaller roasts are specified, the boneless chuck roll
shall be divided into approximately equal portions by cut-
ting through the meat perpendicular to the length of the
chuck roll.This item shall be netted or tied when specified.
The purchaser may specify a different length arm portion

exclusion (PSO) as follows:
PSO: 1 - Arm excluded 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) x 1.0 inch (2.5
cm) from the rib (longissimus dorsi) and neck
(complexus) ends.
2 - Arm excluded by straight cut immediately ventral
to longissimus dorsi and complexus.
3 - The subscapularis shall be excluded.
4 - The “hump meat” (dorsal portion of the rhom-
boideus) shall be removed so that the dorsal edge
is a straight cut parallel to the arm (ventral) 116A PSO 4
edge.
116B Beef Chuck, Chuck Tender

This item consists of the supraspinatus muscle that lies dor-
sal to the medial ridge of the blade bone.The chuck tender
shall be separated from the other muscles through the nat-
ural seams.
116B

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 22
116D Beef Chuck, Chuck Eye Roll

This item is the muscle group from Item No. 116A that
consists of the longissimus dorsi, spinalis dorsi, complexus,
and multifidus dorsi. The chuck eye roll shall be separated
from the chuck roll by cutting through the natural seams
and shall be practically free of surface fat.
116D
116E Beef Chuck, Under Blade Roast

This item is derived from Item No. 116A, after the exclu-
sion of Item No. 116D Beef Chuck, Chuck Eye Roll and
shall consist of the serratus ventralis, rhomboideus, and sple-
nius muscles. The dorsal and ventral edges shall be straight
cuts that are approximately parallel with each other.
116E
116G Beef Chuck, Edge Roast (IM)

This item may consist of any portion of the serratis ven-
tralis muscle from the IMPS Item No. 116A - Beef Chuck,
Chuck Roll. It is usually made from the portion that is
removed from the ventral edge of the Chuck Roll to com-
ply with PSO - 1 for IMPS Item No. 116A. This item is
sometimes referred to as the “Chuck Flap.”
116G
116G

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 23
116H Beef Chuck, Chuck Eye (IM)

This item shall consist of the complexus muscle only. It is
separated from the other muscles of the chuck eye roll by
cutting through the natural seams.
116H
117 Beef Foreshank

A bone-in foreshank is the item produced from an Item
No. 102, after its separation from a square-cut chuck and
brisket. The foreshank is made by a straight cut exposing a
cross section of the humerus bone. The brisket is excluded 117
by a cut through the natural seam.
120 Beef Brisket, Deckle-Off,

Boneless
This boneless and cartilage-free item is prepared from a

bone-in brisket produced as described in Item No. 117.
The deckle, which is the hard fat and intercostal meat on
the inside surface, shall be excluded at the natural seam
exposing the lean surface of the deep pectoral muscle, which
terminates just prior to the short plate separation.The hard
fat along the sternum edge shall be trimmed level with the
boned surface. The inside lean surface shall be trimmed
practically free of fat. Purchasers may request the exterior 120 View from Inside
fat cover be further trimmed.
120 View from Outside

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 24
120B 120A 120A Beef Brisket, Flat Cut,

Boneless (IM)
This item is the deep pectoral muscle from a boneless

brisket. All surfaces shall be trimmed practically free of fat
and the item itself shall be no less than 0.5 inch (13 mm)
thick at any point.
120C
120B Beef Brisket, Point Cut,

Boneless (IM) 120C Beef Brisket, 2-Piece, Boneless
This item is the superficial pectoral muscle from a boneless This item shall consist of Item No. 120A and Item No.
brisket. All surfaces shall be trimmed practically free of fat 120B packaged together.
and the item itself shall be no less than 0.5 inch (13 mm)
thick any point.
121 Beef Plate, Short Plate

This item is that portion of the forequarter immediately
ventral to Item No. 103. The flank end shall follow the nat-
ural curvature of the 12th rib. The deep pectoral muscle
shall not completely extend to the dorsal edge of the
brisket side. Seven ribs shall be present. The rib side shall
be a straight cut that exposes the serratus ventralis to be
continuous for at least 2 ribs. The diaphragm may be
121 excluded, but if present shall be firmly attached and the
membranous portion shall be trimmed close to the lean.
121C Beef Plate, Outside Skirt (IM)

This item is removed from the short plate. The outside
skirt shall consist of the diaphragm, which may have the
serous membrane (peritoneum) attached. The membrane
portion must be trimmed close to the lean.
Purchasers who desire this item to have the serous mem-

brane or peritoneum excluded from both sides of the outside
121C skirt or diaphragm should request Item No. 121E. The
ends shall also be squared.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 25
121D Beef Plate, Inside Skirt (IM)

This item shall consist of the transversus abdominis muscle
only. The serous membrane (peritoneum) shall be excluded.
The lean surface shall be trimmed practically free of fat.
121D
123 Beef Short Ribs (IM)

This item consists of the rib section from any rib and/or
plate item and shall contain at least 2 but no more than 5
ribs (ribs 6 through 10). The dorsal side shall be at an
approximate right angle to the rib bones and the latissimus
dorsi shall be continuous across the cut surface. The ven-
tral side shall be a straight cut that is approximately paral-
lel to the dorsal side and does not contain any costal carti-
lages.The cutaneous trunci, diaphragm, and serous membrane
(peritoneum) shall be excluded. The surface fat shall be 123
trimmed to not exceed 0.25 inch (6 mm) at any point.The
purchaser shall specify the number of ribs and the width
(distance between the dorsal and ventral sides) of the rib
sections.
123A Beef Short Plate, Short Ribs,

Trimmed
This item is as described in Item No. 123, except it shall

be derived from the 6th, 7th, and 8th ribs of the short
plate. The serratus ventralis shall be continuous across the
cut surface for at least 2 ribs on both the dorsal and ven-
tral sides, and the exterior fat cover and the latissimus dorsi
shall be excluded.
123A

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 26
123B Beef Rib, Short Ribs, Trimmed

This item is as described in Item No. 123, except it shall be
derived from the 6th, 7th, and 8th ribs of the primal rib.
The serratus ventralis shall be exposed and continuous for
at least 2 ribs on one side only, and the exterior fat cover
and the latissimus dorsi shall be excluded.This item shall be
trimmed practically free of surface fat.
123B
123C Beef Rib, Short Ribs

This item is as described in Item No. 123, except it shall
be derived from the 6th, 7th, and 8th ribs of the primal rib.
The serratus ventralis shall be exposed and continuous for
at least 2 ribs on one side only.
123D Beef Short Ribs, Boneless (IM)

This item shall consist of the serratus ventralis muscle from
any short rib item.The rib bones and intercostal meat shall
be excluded.
123D
124 Beef Rib, Back Ribs

This item is the intact portion of the seven ribs and inter-
costal meat from Item Nos. 109 or 109A. The chine bone
and thoracic vertebrae shall be removed exposing the
sawed ends of the rib bones. Unless otherwise specified,
back ribs shall be no less than 6.0 inches (15.0 cm) or
more than 8.0 inches (20.0 cm) wide at any point mea-
sured across the sawed ends of the rib bones.
124

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 27
124A Beef Rib, Back Rib, Rib Fingers

This item will consist of the intercostal muscles that are
removed from between the back ribs. Purchaser may spec-
ify that the costal cartilage be removed as is pictured.
124A
130 Beef Chuck, Short Ribs

This item may be prepared from the arm portion of any
chuck item and shall consist of the ribs numbers 2 through
5, the intercostal meat, and serratus ventralis muscle. This
item shall be trimmed practically free of surface fat. The
dorsal edge shall have no evidence of the cartilaginous
junctures of the ribs and thoracic vertebrae.
130
134 Beef Bones

This item consists of any one or combination of shank,
femur, or humerus bones sawed into sections of lengths as
specified by the purchaser. Marrow shall be exposed on at
least one end of each sawed section.
134

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 28
135 Diced Beef

Diced beef shall be prepared from any portion of the car-
cass exclusive of the shank, detached cutaneous muscles,
and heel meat unless otherwise specified. When heel meat
is allowed by the purchaser, the superficial digital flexor shall
be separated and excluded from the gastrocnemius through
the natural seams. The meat shall be either hand-diced or
mechanically diced. Grinding is not permitted.To facilitate
dicing, meat may be frozen and/or tempered, one time
only. Dices shall be free of bones, cartilages, heavy connec-
135 tive tissue, and lymph glands. Unless otherwise specified,
at least 75 percent by weight of the resulting dices shall be
of a size equivalent of not less than a 0.75-inch (19-mm)
cube nor not more than a 1.5-inch (3.8-cm) cube and no
individual surface shall be more than 2.5 inches (6.3 cm)
in length. The surface and/or seam fat shall not exceed 0.5
inch (13 mm) thickness at any point.
135A Beef for Stewing

This item is as described in Item No. 135, except unless
otherwise specified at least 85 percent by weight of the
resulting dices shall meet the Item No. 135 dice size
requirements. In addition, the fat thickness of the surface
and/or seam fat shall not exceed 0.25 inch (6 mm) at any
point.
135A
135B Beef for Kabobs

The raw material requirements of this item are as
described in Item No. 135. The kabobs shall be prepared
so that unless otherwise specified at least 90 percent by
weight of the resulting dices shall be of a size equivalent
not less than a 1.0-inch (2.5-cm) or more than a 1.5-inch
(3.8-cm) cube and no individual surface shall be more
than 2.5 inches (6.3 cm) in length. The fat thickness of the
surface and/or seam fat shall not exceed 0.125 inch (3
mm) at any point.
135B

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 29
136 Ground Beef

Material - Ground beef shall be prepared from any por- The purchaser may specify the use of a bone collector/
tion of a boneless graded or ungraded carcass. The meat extruder system to help exclude objectionable materials
shall be free of bones; cartilages; prefemoral, popliteal, and such as bone, cartilage, connective tissue, etc. when using
prescapular, and other exposed lymph glands; heavy con- a 0.1875-inch (5-mm) or smaller plate on the final grind.
nective tissue; and the tendinous ends of shanks, shoulder This material may not be reintroduced into the finished
clods, and knuckles to a point that exposes at least 75 product. For certification purposes, the purchaser may
percent lean on a cross-sectional cut. Unless otherwise waive an examination for trimming defects provided the
specified, ground beef may be derived from frozen and use of a bone collector/extruder system is specified.
stockpiled boneless meat. The purchaser may specify the
maximum amount of frozen boneless meat that can be When coarse ground beef is specified the boneless meat
mixed with fresh-chilled meat prior to final grinding. shall be ground once through a plate having holes no larg-
er than 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) or smaller than 0.625 inch (16
When specified by the purchaser, lean finely textured beef mm) in diameter. Alternatively, the boneless meat may be
may be combined with boneless beef meeting the above ground twice, with the smallest plate having holes no larg-
material requirements provided it does not exceed 20 per- er than 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) or smaller than 0.75 inch (19
cent by weight of the combined finished product. “Lean mm) in diameter. Coarse ground meat may be blended
finely textured beef” shall be produced and labeled in after grinding or between grinds in order to assure unifor-
accordance with FSIS regulations. mity of the fat content throughout the product. The term
“coarse ground” shall appear on the product label in
Processing - The boneless meat shall be ground at least accord with FSIS regulations.
once through a plate having holes not larger than 1.0 inch
(2.5 cm) in diameter unless specified otherwise. Alterna- Fat Content - Unless otherwise specified, the fat content
tively, boneless beef may be chopped or machine-cut by any shall not exceed 22 percent. The purchaser may, however,
method provided the texture and appearance of the prod- specify a different fat content provided it does not exceed
uct after final grinding is typical of ground beef prepared by 30 percent.The fat content may be confirmed by indepen-
grinding only. Unless otherwise specified, final grinding dent laboratory analysis at an accredited laboratory select-
shall be through a plate having holes 0.125 inch (3 mm) in ed by the vendor. The vendor shall supply official docu-
diameter. Beef shall be thoroughly blended at least once mentation of the results to the purchaser. Alternatively, if
prior to final grinding.The ground beef shall not be mixed the purchaser wishes the fat content to be certified by
again after final grinding. Initial reduction in size, blending, USDA, AMS, they must specify that option in the contract
and final grinding shall be a continuous sequence. or purchase order.
136A Ground Beef and Vegetable

Protein Product
This item is approved for use in Child Nutrition Programs x = maximum pounds of water to be added to each pound
and is as described in Item No. 136, except that vegetable of dry VPP.
protein product (VPP) shall be added. The VPP must meet
the nutritional specifications established by the USDA, The VPP shall be hydrated for the length of time listed on
Food and Nutrition Service Regulations.To ensure compli- the product label, or if unlisted, until all the water is
ance, the VPP used must have information on the label stat- absorbed. The purchaser may specify any level of hydrat-
ing that the product meets USDA-FNS requirements for ed VPP in the meat and VPP product formulation up to a
use in meeting a portion of the meat/meat alternate require- maximum of 30 percent. If not specified, the maximum
ment of the child nutrition programs. The source and type percent shall not exceed 20 percent. The hydrated VPP
of VPP shall be specified by the purchaser. For example it shall be used the same working day in which it is hydrat-
may be a soy flour, concentrate, or isolate in a granular or ed. The specified percentage of hydrated VPP shall be
textured form. VPP may be used dry, partially hydrated, or blended with the raw meat after its initial reduction in
fully hydrated. If not specified, the dry VPP shall be fully size.
hydrated to yield a minimum of 18 percent protein. To
determine the maximum amount of water to be mixed with VPP hydrated and frozen by the VPP manufacturer may
the dry VPP to yield 18 percent protein in the mixture, the be used provided that: (1) the protein content of the
following equation shall be used: hydrated product specifically stated on the manufacturer’s
label is not less than 18 percent; (2) the product only be
[Percent protein on “as is” basis] tempered, not thawed, prior to use; and (3) no additional
–1=x
[ 18 ] water is added.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 30
136B Beef Patty Mix 136C Beef Patty Mix, Lean

This item is as described in Item No. 136A, except the This item shall meet the raw material, processing, and fat
VPP does not need to meet FNS regulations. Labeling testing requirements of Item No. 136. The fat content,
shall be in accord with FSIS regulations. however, shall not exceed 10 percent. Additional ingredi-
ents in compliance with applicable FSIS regulations such
as VPP, seasonings, etc., may be added to enhance product
acceptability. Such ingredients, however, shall not exceed
10 percent of the combined finished product. The
purchaser may stipulate the specific ingredients that the
product may include.
137 Ground Beef, Special

This item is as described in Item No. 136, except not less use foreshanks up to 50 percent of the formulation as a
than 50 percent by weight of the product shall be from any source for lean, provided the shanks have been mechani-
combination of boneless primal or subprimal portions of cally desinewed.
rounds, loins, ribs, or square-cut chucks. The remaining
portion, not to exceed 50 percent by weight, may be com- Style 3 Ground Beef, Round
posed of trimmings or cuts from any allowable portion of Ground beef round may be derived from any portion of a
the carcass. The purchaser may specify a quality grade boneless round item including the hindshank, provided
requirement for the primal or subprimal portion and/or that the shank meat in the mixture not exceed its 6.0 per-
the remaining portion. Formulation requirements shall be cent natural proportions. If, however, the purchaser speci-
determined on a boneless basis. Primal or subprimal cuts fies the product’s fat content to be 15 percent or less, or
that have more than a minor amount of lean removed are when the producer’s label declares that the fat content of
not eligible for the primal portion. packaged ground beef round product is 15 percent or less,
then the producer, unless otherwise specified, will be
The purchaser has an option to select a ground beef style allowed to use hindshanks up to 50 percent of the formu-
derived from one of the specific primal portions described lation as a source for lean, provided the shanks have been
below. If no such selection is made, Style 1 will apply. mechanically desinewed.
Product produced in accordance with the following styles
shall be labeled accordingly. Style 4 Ground Beef, Sirloin
Ground beef sirloin may be derived from any portion of a
Style 1 Ground Beef, Special boneless sirloin item. When the purchaser specifies the
As described above. product’s fat content to be 15 percent or less, or when the
producer’s label declares that the fat content of packaged
Style 2 Ground Beef, Chuck ground beef sirloin product is 15 percent or less, then the
Ground beef chuck may be derived from any portion of a producer, unless otherwise specified, will be allowed to use
boneless chuck item including the foreshank provided that any portion of a boneless knuckle item up to 50 percent of
the shank meat in the mixture not exceed its natural 6 per- the formulation as a lean source.
cent proportions. If, however, the purchaser specifies the
product’s fat content to be 20 percent or less, or when the If purchasers desire any of the above formulations pre-
producer’s label declares that the fat content of packaged pared with VPP, they may specify Item No. 137A, Ground
ground beef chuck product is 20 percent or less, then, Beef and Vegetable Protein Product, Special.The VPP shall
unless otherwise specified, the producer will be allowed to be added as described in Item No. 136A.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 31
140 Hanging Tender

The hanging tender is a soft, grainy-textured, elliptical-
shaped muscle approximately 7 inches long (180 cm).
There is only one hanging tender in a carcass and it is
found between the 12th and 13th ribs on the right side of
the carcass close to the backbone.
140
158 Beef Round, Primal

This bone-in item consists of the top, bottom, knuckle por-
tion (Item No. 167), rump, heel, and shank. It remains after
Item No. 172 is separated from the hindquarter Item No.
155. The loin end shall be exposed by a straight cut begin-
ning at the juncture of the last sacral and the first caudal ver-
tebrae, exposing the ball of the femur without severing the
protuberance. No more than two vertebra shall remain on
the round.The tensor fasciae latae shall not extend complete-
ly around the outside of the knuckle.The obliquus abdomin- 158
is internus or flank muscle shall be excluded.
Beef Round, Components

A B
A 171F Heel
B 174 Top (Inside)
C 171C Eye of Round
D 171B Outside (Flat)
E 167A Knuckle, Peeled C
D E

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 32
158A Beef Round, Diamond-Cut 159 Beef Round, Primal, Boneless

This bone-in item consists of the top, bottom, full knuckle This boneless item is prepared from Item No. 158.The top
(Item No. 167B), rump, heel and shank. It remains after (inside) round shall be separated from the knuckle through
Item No. 172A is separated from the hindquarter Item No. the natural seam. The tensor fasciae latae shall not extend
155. The loin end shall be exposed by two straight cuts completely around the outside of the knuckle. All bones,
which exposes the ball of the femur without severing the cartilages, obliquus abdominis internus, the sacrosciatic liga-
protuberance and leaves the full knuckle attached.The first ment, the lean and fat that overlaid the sacrosciatic lig-
cut shall start at a point passing through the 4th sacral ver- ament, the lean and fat (oyster) that overlaid the aitch
tebra and extend to the ball of the femur. The second cut bone, the thick opaque portion of the gracilis membrane,
shall extend from the ball of the femur to a point on the and popliteal and prefemoral lymph glands shall be exclud-
ventral edge exposing the tensor fasciae latae extending ed. The tendinous ends of the shank and knuckle shall be
completely around the outside of the knuckle. The obliqu- cut to evidence no less than 75 percent lean. The knuckle
us abdominis internus, or flap muscle, shall be excluded. may be separated from the boneless round. If separated, it
The full knuckle may be separated from the round. If sep- shall be separated as described in Item No. 167 and indi-
arated, it shall be separated as described in Item No. 167. vidually packaged and packed into the same container.
The full knuckle shall be individually packaged and packed
in the same container.
Beef Round, Shank Off,

160 Partially Boneless
This partially boneless item is prepared as described in

Item No. 158, except the aitch bone and the fat and lean
overlying it (oyster), tail bones (sacral vertebrae), sacrosci-
atic ligament and the fat and lean overlying the ligament,
the thick opaque portion of the gracilis membrane, exposed
lymph glands, and the hindshank shall be excluded. The
hindshank is excluded by a cut through the stifle joint
along the natural seam between the heel and hindshank.
The knuckle may be separated from the partially boneless
160 View from Loin End round. If separated, it shall be separated as described in
Item No. 167 and individually packaged and packed into
the same container.
160 View from Shank End

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 33
160B Beef Round, Heel and Shank

Off, Semi-Boneless 161 Beef Round, Shank Off, Boneless
This item is described in Item No. 160, except, in addition, This boneless item is as prepared in Item No. 159, except,
the heel is excluded by cutting through the natural seams. in addition, the hindshank is excluded as described in Item
No. 160. Unless otherwise specified, the popliteal lymph
gland shall also be excluded.
Beef Round, Heel and Shank

161B Off, Without Knuckle, Boneless
This item is as described in Item No. 161, except, in addi-

tion, the heel and knuckle shall be excluded by cutting
through natural seams.
161B
163 Beef Round, Shank Off, 3-Way,

Boneless 170
169
This item shall consist of the following items that are indi- 167
vidually packaged and packed into the same container:
Item No. 167 - Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip)

Item No. 169 - Beef Round, Top (Inside)
Item No. 170 - Beef Round, Bottom (Gooseneck)
163
163
Beef Round, Rump Partially

166A Removed, Shank Off
This item is as described in Item No.160,except,in addition,

the rump shall be partially excluded.The rump portion shall
be removed anterior to the top or inside round exposing the
semitendinosus, the ball, and the protuberance of the femur.
Neither the ball nor the medial portion of the rectus femoris
may be severed.The vastus lateralis and/or the main portion
of the rectus femoris,however, may be severed. As in Item No.
160, the aitch bone and overlying fat and lean (oyster), tail
bones, sacrosciatic ligament and overlying lean and fat,
exposed lymph glands, and the thick opaque portion of the 166A
gracilis membrane are excluded along with the rump.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 34
166B Beef Round, Rump and Shank

Partially Off, Handle On
In preparing this item the rump is excluded together with

the aitch bone and other portions described in Item No.
166A by a straight cut that exposes the semitendinosus, and
a cross section of the ball of the femur. This cut must not
sever the medial portion of the rectus femoris but may sever
the vastus lateralis and/or main portion of the rectus femoris.
Further, the hindshank and heel meat shall be excluded
from the tibia or shank bone by a straight cut perpendicu-
166B View from Loin End lar to the ventral edge of the round that is posterior to, but
no more than 2.0 inches (5.0 cm) from, the stifle joint,
leaving no more than 4.0 inches (10.0 cm) of the shank
bone exposed and firmly intact. The exposed shank bone
shall be trimmed practically free of lean. A commonly used
name to describe this item is “Baron of Beef.”
166B View from Shank End
167 Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip)

This boneless item consists of the posterior portion of the
full knuckle comprised of the vastus intermedius, vastus lat-
eralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris. A portion of the
sartorius may remain, if firmly attached. In addition the
tensor fasciae latae, though not completely extending
around the outside of the knuckle, shall be exposed on the
loin end. The knuckle is separated from the top (inside)
round and bottom (gooseneck) round between the natural
167 seams. All bones and cartilages shall be excluded. The
tendinous end shall also be excluded exposing no less than
75 percent lean. When specified, the knuckle shall be split
lengthwise into approximate equal portions.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 35
167A Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip),

Peeled
This boneless item is as prepared in Item No. 167, except,

in addition, the tensor fasciae latae, fat, and skin tissue are
excluded. When smaller roasts are specified, the knuckle
shall be split lengthwise into approximate equal portions.
167A
167D Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip),

Peeled, 2-Piece
This item is as described in Item No. 167A, except, in

addition, the vastus lateralis and the rectus femoris are sepa-
rated by cutting through the seam. The sartorius, vastus
medialis, and vastus intermedialis shall be removed by cut-
ting through the natural seams.
167D
167E Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip),

Center Roast (IM)
This item consists of the rectus femoris muscle only from

any IMPS Round Knuckle (Tip) item. It is separated from
the other muscles as described in IMPS Item No. 167D.
167E
167F Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip), Side

Roast (IM)
This item consists of the vastus lateralis muscle only from

any IMPS Round Knuckle (Tip) item. It is separated from
the other muscles as described in IMPS Item No. 167D.
167F

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 36
168 Beef Round, Top (Inside),

Untrimmed
This boneless item consists of the semimembranosus, sarto-

rius, adductor, gracilis, and pectineus and is separated from
the bottom round and knuckle through the natural seams.
The iliopsoas may remain if firmly attached. All bones, car-
tilages, and exposed lymph glands shall be removed.
Purchasers may request that this item be further trimmed.
168 Purchasers may also request that the item be split into
smaller pieces as well as netted or tied if so desired.
169 Beef Round, Top (Inside)

This boneless item is as described in Item No. 168, except
the thick opaque portion of the gracilis membrane shall be
removed. When smaller roasts are specified, the top round
shall be split by no more than two lengthwise cuts, and
subsequent cuts, if necessary, shall be made girthwise sep-
arating the item into approximate equal portions.
169 Purchasers may also request further trimming and netting
or tying of the product.
169A Beef Round, Top (Inside),

Cap Off

tion, the gracilis muscle and the loose side pectineus and sar-
torius muscles shall be excluded by cutting through the
natural seams.
169A
169B Beef Round, Top (Inside),

Cap (IM)
This item shall consist of the gracilis muscle that was sep-
arated from the top round as described in Item No. 169A.
169B

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 37
169C Beef Round, Top (Inside),

Side (IM)
This item shall consist of the sartorius muscle only. This
item is removed from the ventral (loose) side of the top
round by cutting through the natural seam.
169D Beef Round, Top (Inside), Soft

Side Removed
A
This item is that which remains after the pectineus (A) and
sartorius (B) muscles as well as the iliopsoas, if present,
have been removed from Item No. 168. B
169D
170 Beef Round, Bottom (Gooseneck)

The bottom or gooseneck round is produced by separating
the boneless item from the top round, knuckle, and shank
between the natural seams. The item consists of the semi-
tendinosus, biceps femoris, and heel and, in addition, may
contain the gluteus medius, gluteus accessorius, and gluteus
profundus. The semitendinosus muscle shall not be exposed
on the loin end. All bones, cartilages, sacrosciatic ligament,
the lean and fat that overlaid the sacrosciatic ligament,
popliteal lymph gland, and the heavy opaque connective 170 View from Rump End
tissue separating the bottom round from the knuckle shall
be excluded.
170 View from Shank End

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 38
170A Beef Round, Bottom

(Gooseneck), Heel Out

tion, the heel is excluded. The heel is removed by separat-
ing it along the natural seam adjacent to the semitendinosus
and biceps femoris. When specified, the bottom round shall
be split into approximate equal portions by cutting at an
approximate right angle to the length of the item.
170A
171B Beef Round, Outside

Round (Flat)
The outside round or flat is produced by separating the

boneless item from the top round, knuckle, heel, and semi-
tendinosus or eye of round between the natural seams. The
item consists of the biceps femoris and may contain the glu-
teus medius, gluteus profundus, and gluteus accessorius. The
loin end shall expose the biceps femoris equal to or larger
than the gluteus medius if it is present. All bones, cartilages,
171B sacrosciatic ligament, and the lean and fat that overlaid the
ligament, the opaque heavy connective tissue or silver skin
along the ventral side, and the popliteal lymph gland shall
be excluded.
PSO: 1 - After being trimmed to meet FLO 6 Peeled/

Denuded, Surface Membrane Removed require-
ments as shown (see page 10), item may be split
into 2 parts as in Item Nos. 171D and 171E.
171B FLO 6

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:42 AM Page 39
171D Beef Round, Outside Round,

Side Muscle Removed (IM)
171E
This item is as described in IMPS Item No. 171B except
that the side muscle (biceps femoris ishiatic head) is
removed by cutting through the natural seam.
171D
171B PSO 1
171C Beef Round, Eye of Round (IM)

This boneless item consists of the semitendinosus muscle
and is produced by separating the eye of round from the
top and outside rounds and heel between the natural
seams. It shall not be severed on either end.
171E Beef Round, Outside Round,

Side Roast (IM)
171C
This item consists of the biceps femoris ishiatic head from

the outside round. It is separated from the main portion of
the biceps femoris by cutting through the natural seam.
171F Beef
Heel
Round, Bottom Round,
This will consist of the heel portion of the bottom (goose-

neck) round. It is separated as described in IMPS Item No.
170A.
PSO: 1 - Superficial digital flexor muscle shall be removed.
171F

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 40
172 Beef Loin, Full Loin, Trimmed

This item is that portion of the hindquarter remaining
after the removal of Item No. 158 and the flank. The
trimmed loin shall consist of the short loin, sirloin, and the
13th rib.The hanging tender, kidney, and kidney knob and
excess internal fat including that over the 13th rib bone
shall be excluded. The flank shall be excluded by a straight
cut ventral to, but not more than 6.0 inches (15.0 cm)
from, the longissimus dorsi at the rib end to a point on the
round end that is ventral to, but not more than 1.0 inch
172 View from Rib End (2.5 cm) from, the tensor fasciae latae. The fat covering the
lumbar, sacral, and tenderloin regions shall be trimmed to
not exceed 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) in depth at any point.
172 View from Sirloin End
B Beef Loin, Components

A 176 Steak Tails
B 174 Short Loin
C 185A Flap
A D 185B Ball Tip
G
E 185C Tri-Tip
F 184 Top Sirloin Butt
C G 191 Butt Tender
E
D
F

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 41
172A Beef Loin, Full Loin, Diamond-

Cut, Trimmed
This item is that portion of the hindquarter remaining after
the removal of Item No. 158A and the flank. The flank
removal measurements, fat covering thickness, and trim
specifications for this item are the same as those for Item
No. 172.
174 Beef Loin, Short Loin, Short-Cut

This item is prepared from the short loin portion of Item The purchaser specified options (PSO) for flank removal
Nos. 172 or 172A. The short loin includes the 13th rib and by a straight cut ventral to the longissimus dorsi are as fol-
is separated from the sirloin by a straight cut at a right lows: (Rib end x Sirloin end)
angle to its length anterior to the hip cartilage that exposes
PSO: 1 - 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) x 1.0 inch (2.5 cm)
the gluteus medius. The flank shall be excluded by a straight
2 - 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) x 0 inch (immediately ven-
cut ventral to, but not more than 3.0 inches (7.5 cm) from,
tral)
the longissimus dorsi at the rib end to a point on the sirloin
3 - Other as specified
end ventral to, but not more than 2.0 inches (5.0 cm) from,
the longissimus dorsi.
174 View from Rib End 174 View from Sirloin End
174 PSO 2 View from Rib End 174 PSO 2 View from Sirloin End

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 42
175 Beef Loin, Strip Loin, Bone In

This item is prepared from the short loin portion of Item The purchaser specified options (PSO) for flank removal
Nos. 172 or 172A as described in Item No. 174, except the by a straight cut ventral to the longissimus dorsi are as fol-
flank shall be excluded by a straight cut ventral to, but not lows: (Rib end x Sirloin end)
more than 6.0 inches (15.0 cm) from, the longissimus dorsi
at the rib end to a point on the sirloin end ventral to, but PSO: 1 - 4.0 inches (10.0 cm) x 3.0 inches (7.5 cm)
not more than 4.0 inches (10.0 cm) from, the longissimus 2 - 3.0 inches (7.5 cm) x 2.0 inches (5.0 cm)
dorsi. In addition the tenderloin and the protruding edge of 3 - 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) x 1.0 inch (2.5 cm)
the chine bone are excluded. The chine bone shall be 4 - 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) x 0 inch
removed along the dorsal edge of the spinal grove without 5 - 0 inch x 0 inch
scoring the longissimus dorsi in the event that it is exposed. 6 - Other as specified

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 43
176 Beef Loin, Steak Tail

This item, which may include both the obliquus adominis
internus and obliquus adominis externus muscles, may be
prepared from the flank portion of any beef hindquarter,
ventral to the short loin, or part thereof of any full loin,
short loin, or bone-in or boneless strip loin item from
which it is possible to produce the item. Unless otherwise
specified by the purchaser the Fat Limitations Option
(FLO) 4, Practically Free of Fat (75 percent lean/seam
surface exposed), shall apply. The size of the individual
pieces shall measure 8 square inches (20 square cm) or 176
more. See page 10 for other FLO options.
180 Beef Loin, Strip Loin, Boneless

This boneless item is prepared from any loin item that The purchaser specified options (PSO) for flank removal
meets the end item requirements. The item on the rib end by a straight cut ventral to the longissimus dorsi are as fol-
displays the 13th rib mark and shall follow the natural cur- lows: (Rib end x Sirloin end)
vature of the 13th rib. The sirloin end shall be anterior to PSO: 1 - 2.0 inches (5.0 cm) x 1.0 inch (2.5 cm)
the hip cartilage, forming an approximate right angle with 2 - 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) x 0 inch
the length of the loin, and exposing the gluteus medius. The 3 - 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) x 1.0 inch (2.5 cm)
flank side shall be ventral to, but not more than 3.0 inches 4 - 0 inch x 0 inch
(7.5 cm) from, the longissimus dorsi at the rib end to a point 5 - Other as specified
on the sirloin end ventral to, but not more than 2.0 inches
(5.0 cm) from, the longissimus dorsi.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 44
181 Beef Loin, Sirloin

The bone-in sirloin is the posterior section of a full loin
remaining after its separation from the short loin. See Item
Nos. 172 and 174 for detailed specifications. The fat cov-
ering the lumbar, sacral, and tenderloin regions shall be
181 trimmed not to exceed 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) in depth at any
point.
181A Beef Loin, Top Sirloin, Bone In

This bone-in item is prepared from Item No. 181 and is
what remains after both the butt tenderloin and the bottom
sirloin butt are separated from the bone-in sirloin.The bot-
tom sirloin butt is excluded by a straight cut along the nat-
ural seam between the gluteus medius and the knuckle. The
separation continues to the outside surface of the sirloin
leaving a portion of the tensor fasciae latae attached to the
top sirloin. The butt tender is excluded by separating it
from the hip bone. The protruding points of the hip bone
181A socket and the first sacral vertebrae shall also be excluded
to facilitate handling and packaging.
184 Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt,

Boneless
This boneless item is prepared from Item Nos. 181 or

181A and contains the gluteus medius, gluteus accessorius,
gluteus profundus, and the biceps femoris. The short loin end
of the top butt shall be approximately parallel to the round
end exposing the gluteus medius. On the round end, the
biceps femoris shall be approximately equal to or larger than
184 View from Strip Loin End the gluteus medius. All bones, cartilages, tenderloin, and the
sacrosciatic ligament and the lean and fat that overlaid the
ligament shall be removed.
184 View from Round End

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 45
184A Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt,

Semi Center-Cut, Boneless
This boneless item is as described in Item No. 184, except sized roasts are specified, this item shall be split lengthwise
the biceps femoris (cap) shall be excluded. When smaller- into approximate equal portions.
184B Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Center-

Cut, Boneless, Cap Off (IM) 184D Beef Loin, Top Sirloin, Cap (IM)
This boneless item is as described in Item No. 184, except This item shall consist of the biceps femoris muscle. It is
all muscles other than the gluteus medius shall be excluded. obtained when preparing Item No. 184B by a separation
The flakes of surface fat remaining over the gluteus medius through the natural seam. Purchasers may specify the
shall not exceed 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) in their dimension nor exterior fat cover trim desired.
0.125 inch in depth at any one point. When smaller-sized
roasts are specified, this item shall be split lengthwise into
approximate equal portions.
184D
184E Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt,

Boneless, 2-Piece
This item is as described in Item No. 184, except the cap

muscle shall be separated from the top sirloin. The two
pieces, Item Nos. 184B and 184D, shall be trimmed to
comply with specified fat thickness requirements and 184B
packaged together.
184E
184F Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Center

Cut, Boneless, Seamed, 2-Piece
This item is prepared from any top sirloin butt that has been
processed to the Item No. 184B specification and is then fur-
ther prepared so that the dorsal side and ventral side of the
gluteus medius have been separated by a cut through the nat-
ural seam. The remaining fat and connective tissue on both
pieces shall be removed. As pictured the right or smaller piece 184F
side is sometimes referred to as the “Baseball Cut.”

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 46
185 Beef Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt,

Boneless
This item is prepared from Item No. 181. The separation

of the bottom sirloin butt is described in Item No. 181A.
The boneless bottom sirloin butt consists of 3 parts. They
are the tensor fasciae latae, or tri-tip; the vastus medialis, vas-
tus lateralis, and rectus femoris, or ball tip; and the obliquus
abdominis internus, or flap. All bones and cartilages shall be
excluded.
185 View from Strip Loin End
185 View from Round End
Beef Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt,

185A Flap, Boneless (IM)
This item consists of the obliquus abdominis internus mus-

cle from the bottom sirloin butt. The boneless flap is sepa-
rated from the ball tip and the tri-tip through the natural
seam. The heavy connective tissue and any cartilage shall
be excluded.
The accompanying picture represents Fat Limitation

185A Option (FLO) 6 but is available untrimmed by specifying
FLO Option 1. See page 10 for more information.
185B Beef Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt,

Ball Tip, Boneless
This item consists of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and

rectus femoris muscles from the bottom sirloin butt. The
boneless ball tip is separated from the tri-tip and the flap
through the natural seam. All bones, cartilages, and the
185B outside skin tissue shall be excluded.

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 47
185C Beef Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt,

Tri-Tip, Boneless (IM)
This item consists of the tensor fasciae latae muscle from

the bottom sirloin butt. The boneless tri-tip is separated
from the ball tip and the flap through the natural seam.
Any cartilage or connective tissue shall be excluded.
185C

185D Tri-Tip, Boneless, Defatted (IM)
This item is as described in Item No. 185C, except it shall

be trimmed practically free of fat.
185D
189 Beef Loin, Tenderloin, Full

This item is derived from a full loin as described in either
Item Nos. 172 or 172A. The boneless item shall consist of
the psoas major, psoas minor, iliacus, and may show the pres-
ence of the sartorius. The obliquus abdominis internus mus- 189 View from Fat Side
cle, or flap, if present, shall be trimmed level with the fat
surface. The sirloin butt end of the tenderloin shall expose
the psoas major, iliacus, and if present, the sartorius. The
surface fat shall be trimmed so as not to exceed 0.75 inch
(19 mm) in depth at any point measured along the tender-
loin from the head or butt end to the exposed lymph gland.
The surface fat from the lymph gland toward the tail shall
be tapered down to the lean at a point not beyond three-
quarters the length of the entire tenderloin. The tenderloin
shall also be trimmed free of ragged edges. A score into the
tenderloin exceeding 0.5 inch (13 mm) in depth is not
acceptable.
189 View from Bone Side

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 48
189A Beef Loin, Tenderloin, Full,

Side Muscle On, Defatted
This item is as described in Item No. 189, except the

entire tenderloin shall be practically free of surface and
wing fat. Wing fat is the fat lying between the main body
of the tenderloin and the iliacus muscle, or wing, as it is
often called.
189A View from Bone Side
189A View from Fat Side
190 Beef Loin, Tenderloin, Full, Side

Muscle Off, Defatted
This item is as described in Item No. 189A, except the side

muscle, or psoas minor, shall be excluded. The principal
membranous tissue over the main body of the tenderloin,
or psoas major, shall remain intact.
190
Beef Loin, Tenderloin, Full,

190A Side Muscle Off, Skinned
This item is as described in Item No. 190, except the prin-

cipal membranous tissue covering the psoas major shall be
excluded.
190A

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 49
191 Beef Loin, Tenderloin, Butt

This item shall consist of the sirloin butt portion of the ten-
derloin. The sirloin, or butt end, shall expose the psoas
major, psoas minor, iliacus, and if present, the sartorius.
Further, the obliquus abdominis internus, or flap, if also
present, shall be trimmed level with the fat surface. The
anterior, or short loin, end shall be exposed by a straight
cut that displays the psoas major and the psoas minor mus-
cles no further along the length of the tenderloin than 0.5
inch (13 mm) inch beyond the iliacus. The surface fat shall 191 View from Fat Side
be trimmed so as not to exceed 0.75 inch (19 mm) in
depth at any point. The large lymph gland shall be
exposed. A score into the butt tenderloin exceeding 0.5
inch (13 mm) is not acceptable.
191 View from Bone Side
191A Beef Loin, Tenderloin, Butt,

Defatted
This item is as described in Item No. 191, except the sur-

face and wing fat, as explained in Item No. 189A, shall be
trimmed practically free.
191A
Beef Loin, Tenderloin, Butt,

191B Skinned
This item is as described in Item No. 191A, except the

principal membranous tissue covering the psoas major
muscle shall be excluded.
191B

09_747211_ch01.qxp 12/1/05 10:43 AM Page 50
192 Beef Loin, Tenderloin, Short

This item shall consist of the short loin portion of the ten-
derloin and consists only of the psoas major and psoas
minor muscles. The fat shall be trimmed to not exceed 0.5
inch (13 mm) in depth at any point over the psoas major at
the sirloin butt end and shall be tapered down to the lean
of the psoas major prior to the thin or tail end. A score into
the short tenderloin exceeding 0.5 inch (13 mm) is not
acceptable.
192
192A Beef Loin, Tenderloin Tails

This item shall consist of the thin or tail portion of the
psoas major. The psoas minor, however, may remain firmly
attached.
193 Beef Flank, Flank Steak (IM)

This boneless item consists of the rectus abdominis muscle
from the flank region of the carcass. The flank steak is
located at the cod or udder end. It is separated from the
transversus abdominis, obliquus abdominis internus, and
obliquus abdominis externus muscles through the natural
seams. The item shall be prepared practically free of fat
and the membranous tissue.
193

10_747211_tab03.qxp 12/1/05 3:54 PM Page 51
BEEF
BEEF PORTION CUTS

Portion Cuts

10_747211_tab03.qxp 12/1/05 3:54 PM Page 52
INDEX BEEF PORTION CUTS AND WEIGHT RANGES
SUGGESTED
ITEM PRODUCT NAME UPC NO. PG. Suggested Portion Weight Range
1100 Cubed Steak 1709 55 3–8 oz.
1101 Cubed Steak, Special 1709 55 3–8 oz.
1102 Braising Steak, Swiss 1742 55 4–8 oz.
1103 Rib, Rib Steak, Bone In 1239 56 8–18 oz.
1103B Rib, Rib Steak, Bone In, Frenched 56 12–36 oz.
1112 Rib, Ribeye Roll Steak, Boneless 1209 57 4–12 oz.
1112A Rib, Ribeye Steak, Lip-On, Boneless 1203 57 4–12 oz.
Rib, Ribeye Steak, Lip-On, Short-Cut,
1112B 1215 57 4–12 oz.
Boneless
1112C Rib, Ribeye (IM) 1102 57 4–12 oz.
1112D Rib, Ribeye Cap (IM) 1180 58 4–8 oz.
1114D Shoulder, Top Blade Steak (IM) 1144 58 4–8 oz.
1114E Shoulder, Arm Steak 1162 58 4–8 oz.
1114F Shoulder Tender, Portioned 1164 59 2–14 oz.
Chuck, Chuck Eye Roll Steak,
1116D 1096 59 4–12 oz.
Boneless (for Braising)
1121D Plate, Inside Skirt Steak, Boneless (IM) 1607 59 4–8 oz.
1121E Plate, Outside Skirt Steak, Skinned (IM) 1612 59 4–8 oz.
1123 Short Rib, Bone In 1259 60 3–10 oz.
1136 Ground Beef Patties 1677 60 Desired ounces or number per pound
Ground Beef and Vegetable Protein
1136A 1691 60 Desired ounces or number per pound
Product Patties
1136B Beef Patties 1680 60 Desired ounces or number per pound
1137 Ground Beef Patties, Special 1694 60 Desired ounces or number per pound
1140 Hanging Tender Steak 61 3–10 oz.
1167 Round, Knuckle (Tip) Steak 1527 61 3–10 oz.
1167A Round, Knuckle (Tip) Steak, Peeled 1535 61 3–10 oz.
Round, Knuckle (Tip) Steak, Peeled,
1167D 1549 62 4–8 oz.
Special
Round, Knuckle (Tip), Center
1167E 1550 62 4–16 oz.
Steaks (IM)
1167F Round, Knuckle (Tip), Side Steaks (IM) 1543 62 4–16 oz.
1169 Round, Top (Inside) Round Steak 1553 63 3–12 oz.
Round, Bottom (Gooseneck) Round
1170A 1466 63 3–24 oz.
Steak

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:49 AM Page 53
SUGGESTED
ITEM PRODUCT NAME UPC NO. PG. Suggested Portion Weight Range
1173 Loin, Porterhouse Steak 1330 64 10–12 oz.
1174 Loin, T-Bone Steak 1369 64 8–24 oz.
1179 Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Bone In 1398 65 8–24 oz.
1179A Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Bone In, Center-Cut 1399 65 8–24 oz.
1180 Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Boneless 1404 65 6–20 oz.
1180A Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Boneless, Center-Cut 1410 66 6–20 oz.
1184 Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, Boneless 1422 66 4–24 oz.
Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, Semi
1184A 1427 67 4–16 oz.
Center-Cut, Boneless
Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, Center-Cut,
1184B 1426 67 4–16 oz.
Boneless (IM)
1184D Loin, Top Sirloin Cap Steak, Boneless (IM) 1421 68 4–8 oz.
Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, Center-Cut,
1184F 1436 68 4–16 oz.
Boneless, Seamed
1185A Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Flap Steak (IM) 1428 68 3–8 oz.
1185B Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Ball Tip Steak (IM) 1435 69 3–10 oz.
Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Tri-Tip
1185C 1430 69 3–8 oz.
Steak (IM)
Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Tri-Tip Steak,
1185D 1430 69 3–8 oz.
Defatted (IM)
1189 Loin, Tenderloin Steak 1388 69 4–14 oz.
Loin, Tenderloin Steak, Side Muscle On,
1189A 1389 70 3–14 oz.
Defatted
Loin, Tenderloin Steak, Side Muscle Off,
1190 1394 70 3–14 oz.
Defatted
1190A 1395 70 3–14 oz.
Skinned
1190B 1436 70 3–14 oz.
Skinned, Center-Cut
1190C Loin, Tenderloin Tips 1392 70 Amount as Specified

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:49 AM Page 54
Portion-Cut Weight and Fat Limitation Options (FLO)
Thickness Tolerances† PORTION CUTS
The purchaser shall specify the portion The purchaser shall specify one of the following maximum (at
weight and/or thickness desired. For assis- any one point) thicknesses of surface fat on the edges of the
tance in specifying weight, see weight range steak unless definite fat limitations are indicated in the detailed
tables. Unless other portion weight and/or Item Descriptions. If not specified, fat thickness shall not exceed
thickness tolerances are specified by the 0.25 inch (6 mm) at any one point.
purchaser, the following tables shall be
used. When both weight and thickness are
specified, it is recommended that those Portion Cuts
requirements be limited to items that are Option
Maximum Fat Thickness at Any One Point for Portion Cuts
No.
mechanically pressed and/or sliced.
1 0.25 inch (6 mm)
2 0.125 inch (3 mm)

Practically free (75 percent lean/seam surface exposed and
3 remaining fat shall not exceed 0.125 inch (3 mm)
Peeled/Denuded* (remaining fat shall not exceed 1.0 inch
4 (2.5 cm) in the longest dimension and/or 0.125 inch (3 mm)
in thickness)
Peeled/Denuded, Surface Membrane Removed** (90 percent lean
5 exposed) and remaining fat shall not exceed 0.125 inch (3 mm).
*/** — see page xx for definition
Portion Thickness Tolerances

Specified Thickness Thickness Tolerance Thickness Uniformity
1.0 inch
± 0.1875 inch (5 mm) 0.1875 inch (5 mm)
(2.5 cm or less)
More than 1.0 inch
± 0.25 inch (6 mm) 0.25 inch (6 mm)
(2.5cm)
†Thickness measurements not applicable with 0.25
inch (6 mm) of edge. Also, value listed under thick-
ness uniformity is the maximum allowable differ- Portion Weight Tolerance
ence between the thinnest and thickest measure-
ment of an individual chop or steak. Specified Weight Weight Tolerance Thickness Uniformity
Less than 6.0 oz.

± 0.25 oz. (7 g) 0.1875 inch (5 mm)
(170 g)
6.0 oz. (170 g) to
± 0.50 oz. (14 g) 0.25 inch (6 mm)
12.0 oz. (340 g)
12.01 oz. (341 g) to
± 0.75 oz. (21 g) 0.375 inch (9 mm)
24.0 oz. (680 g)
24.01 oz. (681 g)
± 1.0 oz. (28 g) 0.50 inch (13 mm)
or more
Purchasers with special needs or specifications should

contact their suppliers.

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:49 AM Page 55
1100 Beef Cubed Steak

Cube steaks shall be prepared from any portion of the car-
cass excluding the shank and heel meat that yields product
that meets the end-item requirements. Unless otherwise
specified, the steaks shall be cubed twice at approximate
right angles. Knitting of two or more pieces and folding
the meat when cubing is permissible. After cubing, surface
and seam fat shall not exceed 15 percent of the total area
on either side of the steak. Individual steaks shall remain
intact when suspended 0.5 inch (13 mm) from the outer 1100
edge. The steaks shall be free of heavy connective tissue,
bones, cartilages, and lymph glands.
1101 Beef Cubed Steak, Special

This item is as described in Item No. 1100, except the
steaks shall be prepared from any combination of lean from
the round, loin, rib, or chuck sections of the carcass exclud-
ing the shank and heel meat. Knitting of two or more pieces
and folding the meat when cubing is not permissible.
1101
1102 Beef Braising Steak, Swiss

Braising steaks shall be prepared from any combination of
lean from the round, loin, rib, or chuck sections of the car-
cass excluding the shank and heel meat that yields product
that meets the end-item requirements. The steaks shall be
free of heavy connective tissue, bones, cartilages, and
lymph glands. When specified, the raw materials or the
steaks shall be mechanically tenderized by using the multi-
ple probe or pinning method not more than one time. 1102
Pressing, knitting, or folding two pieces of meat together is
not permissible. Surface and seam fat shall not exceed an
average of 0.25 inch (6 mm) in thickness and the thickness
at any one point shall not exceed 0.5 inch (13 mm). Surface
fat, measuring 0.1 inch (2 mm) or more in thickness, shall
not exceed 50 percent of the circumference of the steak.
Individual steaks shall remain intact when suspended 0.5
inch (13 mm) from the outer edge. Alternatively, the pur-
chaser may specify surface and seam fat limitations in terms
of maximum surface area percentage. Both surface and
seam fat of the total cut surface on either side of the steak
shall not exceed the percentage specified by the purchaser.

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:49 AM Page 56
1103 Beef Rib, Rib Steak, Bone In

Bone-in rib steaks may be prepared from any bone-in rib
item. The latissimus dorsi, infraspinatus, and trapezius mus-
cles above the blade bone and the subscapularis and rhom-
boideus muscles below it including the blade bone, related
cartilage, feather bones, chine bones, and backstrap shall
be excluded. The short ribs shall be excluded at a point
that is no more than 3.0 inches (7.5 cm) from the ventral
edge of the longissimus dorsi muscle.
1103
1103B Beef Rib, Rib Steak, Bone In,

Frenched
This item is prepared as described in Item No. 1103

except that each steak must be cut between the rib bones.
The rib bone shall be completely trimmed of the inter-
costal meat, lean, and fat so that the bone is exposed from
the ventral edge of the longissimus dorsi to the end of the rib
bone. This item is also referred to as a “Cowboy Steak.”
Alternative Purchaser Specified Options (PSO):

as a roast to the same specifications as Item No.
1103B but instead of being cut into steaks, it be
left intact.
1103B PSO: 2 - Purchaser may request that the rib be prepared
as a roast as in PSO: 1 and then partially cut
into steaks and the balance left as a roast.
PSO: 3 - Purchaser may request that the rib steaks in
Item No. 1103B or PSO: 2 be split into two
steaks by a saw cut through the center of the rib
bone.
1103B PSO 1

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:49 AM Page 57
1112A Beef Rib, Ribeye Steak,

Lip-On, Boneless
Boneless ribeye steaks, lip-on shall be prepared

from a rib item meeting the end requirements of
Item No. 112A. The lip shall be cut on the short
rib side with a straight cut that is ventral to, but no
more than 2.0 inches (5.0 cm) from, the longis-
simus dorsi, leaving the lip firmly attached.
1112A
Beef Rib, Ribeye Steak,

1112B Lip-On, Short-Cut, Boneless
This item is as described in Item No. 1112A, except in
this item the lip shall be cut on the short rib side ventral
to, but no more than 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) from, the longis-
simus dorsi.
1112 Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll Steak,

Boneless
Boneless ribeye roll steaks shall be prepared from any

boneless ribeye roll item. Any lip, if present on the prod-
uct being used to prepare this item, shall be excluded so as
to expose the natural seam immediately ventral to the
longissimus dorsi muscle.
1112
1112C Beef Rib, Ribeye (IM)

Boneless ribeye steaks shall be prepared from the longis-
simus muscle of any ribeye roll item.
1112C

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:49 AM Page 58
1112D Beef Rib, Ribeye Cap (IM)

Boneless ribeye cap steaks shall be prepared from the
spinalis dorsi/multifidus dorsi muscle from any ribeye roll
item. For portioning, slice the ribeye cap at a right angle to
the grain or direction of muscle fibers.
1114D Beef Shoulder, Top Blade

Steak (IM)
This item is prepared from Item No. 114D. However, this

item is generally prepared as PSO 1, see below.
PSO: 1 - This steak is prepared from Item No. 114D,

PSO 1, which specifies that the shoulder tissue
or tendon be removed and is commonly called a
1114D
“Flat Iron Steak.”
1114D PSO 1
1114E Beef Shoulder, Arm Steak

The boneless arm steaks shall be prepared from Item No.
114E after the triceps brachii medial head has been
removed. The steaks will be sliced across the grain of the
triceps brachii long head.
PSO: 1 - Purchaser may specify that this item be prepared

from Item No. 114E, PSO 1. The steaks are
commonly referred to as “Ranch Steaks.” The
steaks are completely trimmed of all fat and con-
nective tissue.
1114E PSO 1

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:49 AM Page 59
1114F Beef Shoulder Tender,

Portioned
This item shall be prepared from Item No. 114F Beef Chuck,
Shoulder Tender (IM), PSO 1.The individual steaks, some-
times referred to as “Petite Tender Medallions,” shall be pre-
pared by a straight cut across the grain in accordance with
the purchaser’s specification with respect to thickness or
weight.
1116D Beef Chuck, Chuck Eye Roll

Steak, Boneless (for Braising)
Boneless chuck eye roll steaks shall be prepared from

product meeting the end requirements of Item No. 116D.
1116D
1121D Beef Plate, Inside Skirt Steak,

Boneless (IM)
The boneless steaks shall be prepared from product meet-

ing the end requirements of Item No. 121D.
1121D
1121E Beef Plate, Outside Skirt Steak,

Skinned (IM)
The steaks shall be prepared from an outside skirt or

diaphragm muscle meeting the end requirements of Item
No. 121E.
1121E

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:49 AM Page 60
1123 Beef Short Rib, Bone In

This item may be prepared from any beef chuck, rib, or
plate short rib item as described in Item No. 123. The
bone-in short rib shall consist of the ribs, intercostal meat,
and the intact serratus ventralis muscle. The serratus ven-
tralis muscle shall be continuous across both the dorsal and
ventral side of the specified portion. The ribs shall be cut
flanken style by cutting them at a right angle to the rib
bones. Purchaser shall specify both the width of the cut
and the number of ribs in each portion.
1123 Purchasers also have the option to request that the bone-in
short ribs be prepared from product described in Item
Nos. 123A, 123B, or 123C.
Purchasers who desire a boneless short rib should specify

that the item be prepared from Item No. 123D.
1136 Ground Beef Patties 1136A Ground Beef and Vegetable

Protein Product Patties
The patties shall be prepared from product described in The patties shall be prepared from Item No. 136A. The
Item No. 136. The ground meat shall be mechanically patties shall be formed and packaged as described in Item
formed into patties of the shape and size specified by the No. 1136. Patties shall be frozen.
purchaser. Patties shall be separated from each other by a
means that will prevent them from sticking together when
packaged. Patties shall be frozen unless specified fresh.
1136B Beef Patties

The patties shall be prepared from Item No. 136B. The
patties shall be formed and packaged as described in Item
No. 1136. Patties shall be frozen.
1137 Ground Beef Patties, Special

The patties shall be prepared from Item No. 137.The pur- If purchasers desire frozen patties from any of the above
chaser has an option to select a ground beef style derived formulations prepared with VPP, they should specify Item
from one of the specific primal portions described. If no No. 1137A, which is prepared from product described in
such selection is made, Style 1 will apply. Product shall be Item No. 137A.
labeled accordingly. Patties shall be formed and packaged
as described in Item No. 1136. Patties shall be frozen
unless specified fresh.

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 61
1140 Hanging Tender Steak

This steak is prepared from Item No. 140 by straight cuts
across the grain along the length of hanging tender to the
specifications of the purchaser for size. The steaks shall be
trimmed along the edges and top and bottom sides so that
the steaks are free of any heavy connective tissue or loose
fat.The steak is sometimes referred to as a “Hanger Steak”
or “Onglet Steak.”
1140
1167 Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip) Steak

The steaks shall be prepared from any beef knuckle item.
The knuckle may be separated lengthwise into sections to
accommodate the cutting of specified portion-size steaks.
1167
Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip)

1167A Steak, Peeled
The steaks may be prepared from any beef knuckle item,

provided the product used meets the end-item require-
ments described in Item No. 167A or 167C, which
excludes the tensor fasciae latae muscle, fat, and “skin” tis-
sue. The knuckle may be separated lengthwise into sec-
tions to accommodate the cutting of specified portion-size
steaks.
1167A

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 62
1167D Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip)

Steak, Peeled, Special
This item shall be prepared from only the vastus lateralis

and rectus femoris muscles of the beef knuckle that have
been separated from each other by cutting through the nat-
ural seam. These muscles may be derived from any beef
knuckle item that meets the end requirements described in
Item No. 167D. In preparing the steaks any remaining fat,
skin tissue, and heavy opaque connective tissue shall be
excluded. The steaks shall be made into specified portion
size or thickness by slicing the pieces at a right angle to the
1167D grain or direction of the muscle fibers.
1167E Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip),

Center Steaks (IM)
This steak is prepared from Item No. 167E Beef Round,

Knuckle, Center Roast (IM) by cuts across the grain or at
right angles to it, if necessary, to fulfill the purchaser’s
specification as to portion size or thickness.
1167E
1167F Beef Round, Knuckle (Tip),

Side Steak (IM)
This steak is prepared from Item No. 167F Beef Round,

Knuckle, Side Roast (IM) by cuts across the grain or at
right angles to it, if necessary, to fulfill the purchaser’s
specification as to portion size or thickness.
1167F

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 63
1169 Beef Round, Top (Inside)

Round Steak
The steaks may be prepared from any top (inside) round

item. The thick opaque portion of the gracilis membrane
shall be removed as described in Item No. 169. The top
round may be separated lengthwise into sections to
accommodate the cutting of specified portion-size steaks.
1169
1170A Beef Round, Bottom

(Gooseneck) Round Steak
The steaks may be prepared from any beef bottom round

item meeting the end item requirements of Item No.
170A. The bottom round may be separated lengthwise
into sections to accommodate the cutting of specified
portion-size steaks.
1170A

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 64
1173 Beef Loin, Porterhouse Steak

The steaks shall be prepared from any beef short loin item.
The minimum width of the tenderloin shall be at least 1.25
inches (3.2 cm) when measured parallel to the length of
the back bone.
The purchaser may specify the following tail length

options for Item No. 1173 above, and Item Nos. 1174,
1173 1179, 1179A, 1180, and 1180A, which follow. If not spec-
ified, the tail length will not exceed 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) from
the longissimus dorsi.
PSO: 1 - 4.0 inches (10.0 cm)
2- 3.0 inches (7.5 cm)
3- 2.0 inches (5.0 cm)
4- 1.0 inch (2.5 cm)
5- No tail except that of the specified fat trim
dimension
6 - Other as specified
4" 3" 2" 1" 0"
PSO 1 PSO 2 PSO 3 PSO 4 PSO 5
Graphic illustration of the length of tail difference on porterhouse and T-bone steaks.
1174 Beef Loin, T-bone Steak

The steaks shall be prepared from any beef short loin item.
The minimum width of the tenderloin shall be at least 0.5
inch (13 mm) when measured parallel to the length of the
back bone. See Item No. 1173 for purchaser tail length
options.
1174

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 65
1179 Beef Loin, Strip Loin Steak,

Bone In
The steaks shall be prepared from any beef short loin or

bone-in strip loin item provided the item meets the end
requirements described in Item No. 175. In further
preparing the steaks, the protruding edge of the chine
bone shall be excluded so that no portion of the spinal
groove is present. See Item No. 1173 for purchaser tail length
options.
1179
1179A
1179A Beef Loin, Strip Loin Steak,

Bone In, Center-Cut
This item, in addition to meeting the requirements of Item anterior to the gluteus medius. The gluteus medius, if present,
No. 1179, shall be further prepared by excluding the may appear only on one side of the steak. See Item No. 1173
posterior or sirloin butt end of the bone-in strip loin at or for purchaser tail length options.
1180 Beef Loin, Strip Loin Steak,

Boneless
The boneless steaks shall be prepared from any beef short

loin, bone-in strip loin, or boneless strip loin item, pro-
vided the item meets the end requirements of Item No.
180. All bones and cartilages shall be excluded. See Item
No. 1173 for purchaser tail length options.
1180

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 66
1180A
1180A Beef Loin, Strip Loin Steak,

Boneless, Center-Cut
This item, in addition to meeting the requirements of Item anterior to the gluteus medius. The gluteus medius, if present,
No. 1180, shall be further prepared by excluding the may appear only on one side of the steak.
posterior or sirloin butt end of the boneless strip loin at or
4" 3" 2" 1" 0"
PSO 1 PSO 2 PSO 3 PSO 4 PSO 5
Graphic illustration of the length of tail difference on strip loin steaks, (bone in and boneless).
1184 Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt

Steak, Boneless
The boneless steaks may be prepared from any top sirloin

butt, provided the item meets the end requirements of
Item No. 184. Prior to cutting the top sirloin butt into
steaks, it shall be faced by a straight cut to exclude the
heavy connective tissue closely associated with the protu-
berance of the femur so that the appearance of the gluteus
medius is oval in shape. The boneless top sirloin butt may
be separated into sections reasonably parallel to the back-
bone line to accommodate the cutting of specified por-
tion-size steaks. The sections shall be cut into steaks rea-
sonably parallel to the cut surface of the round end.
1184

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 67
1184A Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak,

Semi Center-Cut, Boneless
In addition to the preparation requirements described in

Item No. 1184, these boneless top sirloin butt steaks shall
be prepared from the gluteus medius and the biceps femoris
muscles of the top butt. If present, however, the longis-
simus dorsi muscle may also be included in the steak.
1184B Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak,

Center-Cut, Boneless (IM)
In addition to the preparation requirements described in

Item No. 1184, these boneless top sirloin steaks shall be
prepared only from the gluteus medius muscle.
1184B

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 68
1184D Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Cap

Steak, Boneless (IM)
This steak is prepared from biceps femoris muscle or sirloin

cap from any beef top sirloin item, provided the sirloin cap
meets the end requirements of Item No. 184D. The bone-
less steaks shall be made into specified portion size or
thickness by slicing the sirloin cap at an approximate right
angle to the grain or direction of the muscle fibers. This
item is sometimes referred to as a “Coulotte Steak.”
1184D
Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt

1184F Steak, Center Cut, Boneless,
Seamed (IM)
These steaks are prepared from a top butt as described in

Item No. 184F. The steaks shall be separated according to
the side of the top butt from which they were produced. All
steaks are cut across the grain to the desired portion size or
thickness requested by the purchaser. As displayed in the
accompanying photograph the steaks on the right are
sometimes referred to as “Baseball Cut” steaks or filet-style
steaks. The steaks on the left are sometimes referred to as
sirloin or strip-style steaks. Purchasers who desire only
steaks from a specific side should contact their supplier for
their availability.
1184F
1185A Beef Loin, Bottom Sirloin

Butt, Flap Steak (IM)
The steaks shall be prepared from the obliquus abdominis

internus muscle or flap portion of the bottom sirloin butt as
described in Item No. 185A. The boneless steaks shall be
made into specified portion size or thickness by slicing the
flap at an approximate right angle to the grain or direction
of the muscle fibers.
1185A

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 69
1185B Beef Loin, Bottom Sirloin

Butt, Ball Tip Steak (IM)
The steaks shall be prepared from the rectus femoris and

vastus lateralis muscles or knuckle portion of the bottom
sirloin butt as described in Item No. 185B. The boneless
steaks shall be made into specified portion size or thickness
by slicing the ball tip at an approximate right angle to the
grain or direction of the muscle fibers.
1185B
1185C Beef Loin, Bottom Sirloin

Butt, Tri-Tip Steak (IM)
The steaks shall be prepared from the tensor fasciae latae

muscle or triangle portion of the bottom sirloin butt as
described in Item No. 185C. The boneless steaks shall be
made into specified portion size or thickness by slicing the
tri-tip at an approximate right angle to the grain or direc-
tion of the muscle fibers.
1185C

1185D Tri-Tip Steak, Defatted (IM)
This item is as described in Item No. 1185C, except steaks

shall be trimmed practically free of fat.
1185D
1189 Beef Loin, Tenderloin Steak

The steaks shall be prepared from any beef tenderloin
item meeting the end requirements of Item No. 189. The
narrowest diameter of the cut surface of the psoas major or
main tenderloin muscle, exclusive of its fat cover, must be
a minimum of 1.0 inch (2.5 cm). Any fat or lean not firm-
ly attached to the psoas major shall be excluded. Maximum
surface fat thickness where present shall be 0.125 inch (3 1189
mm) unless otherwise specified by the purchaser.

11_747211_ch02.qxp 12/1/05 10:50 AM Page 70
1189A Beef Loin, Tenderloin Steak,

Side Muscle On, Defatted
The defatted steaks shall be prepared from any beef

tenderloin item meeting the end requirements described in
Item No. 189A. The narrowest diameter of the cut surface
of the psoas major or main tenderloin muscle, exclusive of
any remaining surface fat cover, must be a minimum of 1.0
inch (2.5 cm).
1189A
1190 Beef Loin, Tenderloin Steak,

Side Muscle Off, Defatted
The side muscle or chain off steaks shall be prepared from

any beef tenderloin item meeting the end requirements
described in Item No. 190. The narrowest diameter of the
cut surface of the psoas major or main tenderloin muscle,
exclusive of any remaining traces of surface fat cover,
must be a minimum of 1.0 inch (2.5 cm).
1190
Beef Loin, Tenderloin Steak,

1190A Side Muscle Off, Skinned 1190A
The side muscle or chain off steaks shall be prepared from

any beef tenderloin item meeting the end requirements
described in Item No. 190A. The narrowest diameter of
the cut surface of the psoas major or main tenderloin mus-
cle, exclusive of any traces of remaining surface fat cover,
must be a minimum of 1.0 inch (2.5 cm).
1190B Beef Loin, Tenderloin Steak,

Side Muscle Off, Skinned,
Center-Cut
1190C Beef Loin, Tenderloin Tips
Tenderloin tips shall be prepared from any beef tenderloin
This item shall be prepared as described in Item No. item that meets these requirements. Tips may consist of
1190A, except the narrowest diameter of the cut surface of any portion of the thin end of the psoas major, psoas minor,
the psoas major or main tenderloin muscle, exclusive of any or iliacus muscles and shall consist of pieces that are no less
traces of remaining surface fat cover, must be a minimum than 1.5 square inches (3.8 sq cm) and are no less than 0.5
of 1.5 inches (3.8 cm). inch (13 mm) thick at any point.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 187
FU RTH E R - P R O C E S S E D / BY- P R O D U C T S
INDEX CURED, DRIED, COOKED AND SMOKED BEEF PRODUCTS
SUGGESTED
601 Brisket, Boneless, Deckle-Off, Corned 91650–91784* 190 9 & down 9–14 14–up
604 Beef Top (Inside) Round, Corned 91650–91784* 190 16 & down 16–27 27–up
Beef Top (Inside) Round, Cap Off,
604A 91650–91784* 190 12 & up
Corned
608 Beef Outside Round, Corned (Flat) 91650–91784* 191 11 & down 11–18 18–up
608A Beef Round, Eye of Round, Corned 91650–91784* 191 3 & down 3–5 5–up
611 Beef Pastrami 91650–91784* 191 As Specified by Purchaser
612 Beef Fajita Strips 91650–91784* 191 1/4 lb. 1/2 lb. 1 lb. Bulk
613 Beef Tongue, Cured, Trimmed 91650–91784* 192 3 & up
Beef Tongue, Cured and Smoked,
614 91650–91784* 192 3–5 5–up
Trimmed
618 Sliced Processed Dried Beef 91650–91784* 192 1/4 lb. 1/2 lb. 1 lb. Bulk
619 Sliced Dried Beef 91650–91784* 193 1/4 lb. 1/2 lb. 1 lb. Bulk
623 Beef Top (Inside) Round, Fully Cooked 91650–91784* 193 14–17 17–20 20–23 23–up
Beef Top (Inside) Round, Cap Off,
623A 91650–91784* 193 12 & up
Fully Cooked
624 Beef Outside Round, Fully Cooked 91650–91784* 193 10 & down 10–16 16–up
Beef Round, Eye of Round, Fully
624A 91650–91784* 194 2 & up
Cooked
Beef Brisket, Boneless, Deckle Off,
625 91650–91784* 194 9 & down 9–12 12–up
Corned, Fully Cooked
630 Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll, Fully Cooked 91650–91784* 194 8 & down 8–10 10–12 12–up
Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll, Lip-On, Fully
630A 91650–91784* 194 12 & up
Cooked
*Addendum UPC Numbers for Beef Items would apply for this category.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 188
To Be Specified by the STYLES
Purchaser
Purchasers in some instances may have an
opportunity to vary the specifications or select
options applicable to the products described
in IMPS Series 600 Cured, Dried, Smoked and
Fully Cooked Beef Products. When a purchase
option may be selected and a choice is not
AB
made, a default is specified. Buyer and seller
should reach agreement between themselves
with respect to changes in specifications.
A 28° F (–2.2° C)
or higher
Whole Sliced
B 28° F (–2.2° C) Unless otherwise specified, any item in this series may be
FROZEN or lower ordered sliced. If no style is selected when an option is applica-
ble, the product will be delivered whole.
Purchasers shall specify the slice thickness desired and should
avoid specifying a portion weight except for those items that
have been pressed and formed.
C 0° F (–17.8° C)
PSO or lower
If not selected, product will be delivered as

Option A.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 189
M AT E R I A L R E Q U I R E M E N T S
In addition to any requirements in the Item Description, products shall have at least a moderated degree of meatiness
or thickness of muscling in relation to interior or exterior fat. The meat shall be practically free from bruises, blood
clots, bloody tissue or discoloration, scores, miscuts, hook marks, bone dust, or any other condition that would nega-
tively affect the use of the product.
The finished product shall meet all applicable purchase requirements. If ordered chilled, there shall be no evidence of
freezing, defrosting, or mishandling. All products will be free of any “off” or foreign odors. Yellow-colored or excessive-
ly oily fat is also not acceptable.
In addition, cured or corned beef

Fat Thickness products shall be mildly and
Unless otherwise specified, surface fat thickness for all corned, fully cooked, thoroughly but not excessively
and smoked beef products shall not exceed 0.25 inch (6 mm) average depth or cured. The cut surface shall be
0.5 inch (12 mm) at any one point. Beveling only the edges is not allowed. uniform and bright in color, and
When a natural depression occurs in the muscle, only that surface fat above a except for a slightly two-toned or
depression no more than 0.75 inch long (19 mm) is considered. (See previous iridescent appearance, no green-
explanations of bridging and planing.) All dried beef products shall be practi- ing, streaking, or other discol-
cally free of surface fat and shall have no more than a small amount of inter- oration is permissable.
nal fat. Any fat specification that calls for “Practically Free” means that there is
Smoked tongues shall exhibit the
75 percent lean exposed with a maximum fat at any one point of 0.25 inch (6
characteristic aroma and appear-
mm). A “Defatted” specification means there is 90 percent lean exposed with
ance of well-smoked products.
a maximum fat at any one point of 0.125 inch (3 mm).
The exterior surface will be fairly
but not excessively dry or
Cutting and Trimming Requirements scorched and the entire product
Individual beef muscle cuts used to meet the IMPS Series 600 requirements of uniform dryness and firmness
should closely approximate the specifications found for that item in the IMPS throughout.
Series 100. A 4 percent weight variation of added or removed lean muscle is
Processed dried beef products,
acceptable. However, excessive trimming to meet a weight specification is not
in addition to being thoroughly
acceptable. Only minor trimming may be done after curing, but in order to
smoked and cooked, shall be
prevent microbial contamination, no further trimming is allowed after cooking
practically free from air holes,
or smoking the product. Cuts are to be made perpendicular to the outer sur-
pockets of moisture, rendered
face and without objectionable scores to the lean. All ragged edges are to be
fat, or gelatinous material. Any
removed.
encrusted salt, extraneous mat-
ter, or smokehouse residue shall
Netting or Tying be closely removed either by
The terms are considered to be interchangeable and unless specifically light brushing or wiping and
requested otherwise by the purchaser the product will be netted. without washing so as not to
damage the product.
Products Containing Added Solutions Stockinettes, strings, and similar
Products containing added ingredients shall comply with all FSIS regulations. hanging devices shall be com-
Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser in an agreement with the seller, pletely eliminated. Drying shall
cooked or cooked and cured finished products may not exceed the weight of be done in accordance with FSIS
the fresh uncured product. If a purchaser elects to specify a level of solutions regulations.
that would allow the weight to be greater, a declaration is required to be print-
ed adjacent to the product name indicating the percent of added solutions. All
labels must conform to FSIS regulations.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 190
601 Brisket,
Corned
Boneless, Deckle-Off,
Corned beef briskets shall be produced from beef briskets

that conform to IMPS Item No. 120, Beef Brisket, Deckle-
Off, Boneless, and have flesh that is at least moderately
thick and firmly textured with a plump appearance. Any
remaining fat shall be at least moderately firm and smooth,
and unless otherwise specified not exceed 0.25 inch (6
mm) average depth or 0.5 inch (13 mm) at any one point.
The surface from which the deckle has been removed shall
be practically free from fat and the thin edge of the web
muscle must be trimmed so as to expose the lean. The fin-
601 ished product shall have a uniform bright color ranging
from pink to medium red although a slight two-toned or
iridescent appearance is permissible. The packaged prod-
uct may or may not contain curing spices. A declaration is
required on the label indicating the percent of solution
added if the added level exceeds 20 percent.
604 Beef Top (Inside) Round, Corned

Corned top rounds shall be produced from insides that
conform to IMPS Item No. 169, Beef Round, Top
(Inside). If requested, smaller roasts may be fabricated by
splitting the item no more than twice lengthwise and then
if desired, girthwise, into approximate equal portions. The
color and general appearance of this item shall be the same
as that described in Item No. 601 but may not contain
more than 10 percent added solutions, unless a lower
amount is specified. The fat cover, unless otherwise speci-
fied, shall not exceed 0.25 inch (6 mm) average depth or
0.5 inch (13 mm) at any one point.
604A Beef Top (Inside) Round, Cap

Off, Corned
This item shall be prepared from product meeting the end
item description of Item No. 169A. The only difference
between this item and Item No. 604 is that the entire gra-
cilis muscle as well as the loose side pectineus and sartorius
muscles shall be separated and excluded from this item
through the natural seams.
604A

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 191
608 Beef Outside Round,

Corned (Flat)
This corned outside round shall consist of the biceps femoris
muscle and may contain the gluteus medius, gluteus accesso-
rius, and gluteus profundus muscles. If the gluteus medius
muscle is present, then the exposed biceps femoris muscle at
the loin end shall be equal to or larger in size than the gluteus
medius muscle face.The outside round is separated from the
top round, knuckle, heel, and semitendinosus or eye of the
round, between the natural muscle seams. All bones, carti-
lages, sacrosciatic ligament, and the lean and fat that overlaid
the ligament, the opaque heavy connective tissue or silver 608
skin along the ventral side as well as the popliteal lymph
gland, shall be removed from this product. The fat cover,
unless otherwise specified, shall not exceed 0.25 inch (6
608A Beef Round, Eye of Round,

Corned
This boneless corned item consists solely of the semitendi-
nosus muscle (eye of round) and shall not be severed on
either end. Further, the items shall be separated from the
top round, outside round, and the heel between the natural
muscle seams. In addition, this item shall be skinned of all
surface fat and external facia membrane.
608A
611 Beef Pastrami 612 Beef Fajita Strips

A product meeting this description may be prepared from Fajita strips may be produced from any raw skeletal portion
any raw skeletal portion of the beef carcass such as a plate, of the beef carcass specified by the purchaser with the
top, flat, or eye of the round as specified by the purchaser exception of the cutaneous, shank, and heel meat portions.
except the cutaneous, shank, and heel meat portions. The The meat shall be practically free of fat and shall be sea-
raw materials used must meet all the end-item require- soned, or marinated as requested, and then fully cooked.
ments for that beef cut and be practically free of surface The beef shall be mechanically diced 0.5 x 0.5 x 1.0 inch
and seam fat. Unless specified otherwise, the pieces used (13 mm x 13 mm x 25 mm) long, or 0.5 x 0.5 x 2.5 inch-
shall not be less than 8.0 square inches (20 sq. cm) on one es (13 mm x 13 mm x 64 mm) long, or to any other size
side, nor less than 0.5 inch (13 mm) thick at any point.The specified by the purchaser. A product size option must be
finished product shall have been cured, smoked, and fully specified by the purchaser. At least 75 percent of the result-
cooked. Unless otherwise specified, smoke flavoring may ing product by weight must conform to the size require-
be used in lieu of actual smoking. (Pictured on page 192.) ment. Grinding is not permitted. To facilitate dicing, the
beef may be frozen and/or tempered one time only prior to
it being diced. Purchaser shall also specify how it desires the
finished product packaged. (Pictured on page 192.)

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 192
614
619
611
612
618
613 Beef Tongue, Cured, Trimmed 618 Sliced Processed Dried Beef
This item shall be prepared from a beef tongue meeting This product is sliced from a coarsely ground, cured,
the end-item requirements of Item No. 1710, Style 06, smoked and fully cooked processed dried beef that has
described in the Series 700 section of this guide. been stuffed in casings or mechanically formed and dried.
Drying shall be done in accordance with FSIS regulations.
The finished product shall be practically free from air
holes, pockets of moisture, rendered fat, and gelatinous
Beef Tongue, Cured and
614 Smoked, Trimmed
material. The raw materials used to prepare the dried beef
for slicing may come from any skeletal portion of the beef
carcass specified by the purchaser with the exception of the
This item shall be prepared from a cured beef tongue as cutaneous, shank, and heel meat portions. The slices shall
described in Item No. 613. The tongue shall be thorough- be uniform in thickness and number 24 or more slices per
ly smoked and shall be practically free of encrusted salt, inch (25 mm). Slices shall be fairly intact, and no more than
extraneous matter, and smokehouse residue. 40 percent of the sample unit may be composed of broken
slices of two or more pieces. No extremely frayed, shred-
ded, small or scrap pieces, or product residue shall be
included. All dried beef products shall be practically free of
surface fat and shall have no more than a small amount of
inter and intramuscular fat. If purchasers should desire to
order this product unsliced, specify Item No. 617,
Processed Dried Beef.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 193
619 Sliced Dried Beef

Product meeting this description may come from dried Item noted in Item No. 618. The slices shall be uniform in thick-
Nos. 603, Beef Knuckle, Peeled, Dried; or 605, Beef Top ness and number 40 or more slices per inch (25mm). Slices
(Inside) Round, Dried; or 607, Beef Bottom (Gooseneck) shall be a minimum of 75 percent intact, so that no more than
Round, Heel-Out, Dried. Full descriptions of these raw mate- 25 percent of the sample unit may be composed of broken
rial items may be found in the Institutional Meat Purchase slices of two or more pieces. No extremely frayed, shredded,
Specifications (IMPS) Series 600 for Cured, Dried, Smoked small end piece slices, scrap pieces, or product residue shall be
and Fully Cooked Beef Products. Purchasers may specify the included. Slices showing string or hanger marks shall also be
product from which they wish Item No. 619 to be sliced.The excluded. All dried beef products shall be practically free of
unsliced dried items must conform to FSIS regulations and surface fat and shall have no more than a small amount of
exhibit the same finished product quality characteristics as inter and intramuscular fat. (Pictured on page 192.)
623 Beef Top (Inside) Round, Fully

Cooked
The fully cooked top round shall be produced from insides
that conform to IMPS Item No. 169, Beef Round, Top
(Inside). The item shall be netted or tied and fully cooked
to the degree of doneness specified by the purchaser in con-
formity with applicable FSIS regulations.When smaller size
roasts are specified, the fully cooked top round shall be split
by no more than two lengthwise cuts. If necessary, smaller
pieces may then be made by girthwise cuts so that all por-
tions are of approximate equal size. The fat cover, unless
otherwise specified, shall not exceed 0.25 inch (6 mm) 623
average depth or 0.5 inch (13 mm) at any one point.
623A Beef Top (Inside) Round, Cap

Off, Fully Cooked
This item shall be prepared from a cap off top round meeting
the end-item requirements of Item No. 604A. The item shall
be fully cooked to the degree of doneness specified by the pur-
chaser in conformity with applicable FSIS regulations.
624 Beef Outside Round,

Fully Cooked
The fully cooked outside round shall be produced from an
outside round suitable to produce IMPS Item No. 171B,
Beef Round, Outside Round. This is the same raw materi-
al specification used to produce Item No. 608, Beef
Outside Round, Corned; except in this instance the item is
not corned but fully cooked.The item shall be fully cooked
to the degree of doneness specified by the purchaser in
conformity with applicable FSIS regulations.The fat cover,
unless otherwise specified, shall not exceed 0.25 inch (6
624

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 194
Beef Round, Eye of
624A Round, Fully Cooked
This item shall be prepared from product that meets the
raw material requirements of Item No. 171C, which are
those described in Item No. 608A. The item shall be fully
cooked to the degree of doneness specified by the purchas-
er in conformity with applicable FSIS regulations.
Beef Brisket, Boneless, Deckle

625 Off, Corned, Fully Cooked
The fully cooked brisket shall be produced from beef
briskets that conform to IMPS Item No. 120, Beef Brisket,
Deckle-Off, Boneless. This is the same raw material specifi-
cation used to produce IMPS Item No. 601, Brisket,
Boneless, Deckle Off, Corned; except in this instance the
item is not corned but fully cooked. The item shall be fully
cooked to the degree of doneness specified by the purchas-
er in conformity with applicable FSIS regulations. The fat
cover, unless otherwise specified, shall not exceed 0.25 inch
(6 mm) average depth or 0.5 inch (13 mm) at any one point.
625
Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll,

630 Fully Cooked
This boneless fully cooked item shall be prepared from
product meeting the end requirements of Item No. 112.
The item shall be fully cooked to the degree of doneness
specified by the purchaser in conformity with applicable
FSIS regulations.
630
Beef Rib, Ribeye, Lip-On, Fully

630A Cooked
This boneless fully cooked item shall be prepared from
product meeting the end requirements of Item No. 112A.
The item shall be fully cooked to the degree of doneness
specified by the purchaser in conformity with applicable
FSIS regulations.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 195
INDEX VARIETY MEATS AND EDIBLE BY-PRODUCTS
SUGGESTED
ITEM PRODUCT NAME UPC NO. PG. Weight Range (Pounds)
1710 Beef Tongue, Style 06, Swiss Cut 1794 198 2.5–4
1724 Beef Liver 1780 198 10–15
1724 Beef Liver, Style 17, Skinned 1803 198 9–14
Beef Liver, Style 17, Skinned,
1724 1785 199 Usually 3–4 oz. or As Specified
PSO B, Sliced
Beef Liver, Style 17, Skinned,
PSO C, Portion Cut
Beef Paunch (Tripe), PSO H,
1737 1804 199 Random
Scalded & Bleached
1739 Beef Honeycomb Tripe 1799 199 Approximately 2 lbs.
1740 Beef Mountain Chain Tripe 1801 200 Random
1791 Beef Oxtail 1788 200 1–1.5
3701 Veal Brains 2748 200 5–18 oz.
3710 Veal Tongue, Style 06, Swiss Cut 2760 200 1–1.5
3722 Veal Sweetbreads 2759 201 14–18 oz.
3723 Veal Heart 2757 201 1–2.5
3724 Veal Liver 2752 201 4–8
3724 Veal Liver, Style 17, PSO B, Sliced 2762 202 Usually 3–4 oz. or As Specified
Veal Liver, Style 17, PSO C,
Portion Cut
3728 Veal Kidney 2758 202 14–20 oz.
3791 Veal Tail 2763 202 6–18 oz.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 196
To Be Specified by the Portion Weight and Thickness Tolerances
Purchaser Weight* Portion Variance
Purchasers in some instances may have an Less than 6.0 oz. (170 g) ± 0.25 oz. (7 g)
opportunity to vary the specifications or
Over 6.0 oz. (170 g) ± 0.50 oz. (14 g)
select options applicable to the products
described in IMPS Series 700 Variety Meats Thickness* Slice Variance
and By-Products. Buyer and seller should Under 1.0 inch (25 mm) ± 0.1875 inch (5 mm)
reach agreement between themselves as to
Over 1.0 inch (25 mm) ± 0.25 inch (6 mm)
the product desired when such choices are
*In all instances, whether by weight or thickness, the portions or slices may not vary in
available. In the event choices are not made, thickness from one end of the piece to the other by more than 0.1875 inch (5 mm) at
the Item Description shall prevail. the smaller size or 0.25 inch (6 mm) at the larger size.
A 28° F (–2.2° C)
or higher
B 28° F (–2.2° C)
FROZEN or lower
C 0° F (–17.8° C)
PSO or lower
In many instances, because of the perisha-

bility and nature of the product, or the man-
ner in which it must be processed, a choice
of receiving either fresh or frozen product
may not be available. If not selected, how-
ever, product will be delivered fresh if this
is possible.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 197
M AT E R I A L R E Q U I R E M E N T S
The Item Descriptions for Variety Meats and By-Products contain the basic require-
ments for each product. In addition, product shall be thoroughly cleaned, drained,
and be practically free (75 percent lean exposed) of surface fat unless the Item
Description states differently. A condition of product that would negatively affect its
use is not allowed. Liver that has been “tipped” by removing a thin strip of meat
from the tip of the left lobe, in order to drain excess blood, is acceptable. Hearts that
have been incised (scored) for FSIS inspection purposes are also acceptable provid-
ed the scoring is not excessive. Cutting and trimming requirements as applicable to
these products are similar to those in other IMPS series.

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 198
1710 Style 06: Beef Tongue,

Swiss-Cut
A Swiss-cut beef tongue is a tongue that has had the U-
shaped hyoid bones removed and has been trimmed to
remove all glands, root, and underside blade meat. It shall
be almost entirely free from fat. A beef tongue has a well
defined humplike prominence on its topside marked by a
groove toward the front end. The color of tongues vary,
but are generally light and white, though some may show
black pigmentation.
1710
1724 Beef Liver

Beef livers are smooth, rounded, and somewhat rectangu-
lar in shape. They have a thin membrane or skin covering.
The liver consists of two lobes of substantially different
size. The color of livers in young animals are light to dark
brown with reddish shades predominating. All ducts,
blood vessels, lymph nodes, and connective tissue are to be
trimmed even with the liver’s surface
1724
1724 Style 17: Beef Liver, Skinned

When a beef liver is ordered to this specification, it shall
have the rear small lobe removed even with the surface of
the larger lobe. In addition, the membrane or skin covering
the liver shall be almost completely removed by means of
a mechanical device.
1724 Style 17

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 199
1724 Style 17 PSO B: Beef Liver, Skinned

and Sliced as Specified
Style 17 PSO C: Beef Liver, Skinned
and Portion Cut as Specified
A purchaser may order this item either sliced to a desired

thickness, generally 0.25 inch (6 mm) or larger, or portion
cut to an approximate specified weight, generally 4 oz.
(114 g). Larger or smaller portion sizes are processed in
approximate 1 oz. (28.35 g) increments. Whether ordered
sliced or portioned, the product should be approximately
uniform in thickness throughout.
The liver may be molded, frozen, and tempered to facili-

tate the slicing or portioning process. Product may be
packaged intact similar to a loaf or spaced on separators
between the layers.
1724 Style 17, PSO B and PSO C
1737 Beef Paunch (Tripe), PSO H:

Scalded and Bleached
The paunch or rumen is the first stomach in cattle and
other ruminant animals. It is the largest of the four stom-
achs. It is lined with a thick layer of moist cells contained
within muscular folds or pillars. It is whitish in color when
scaled and bleached. Other purchase options are washed
only, or scalded.
1737, PSO H
1739 Beef Honeycomb Tripe

Honeycomb tripe is the tripe from the reticulum or second
stomach of ruminant animals. It derives this name from
the honeycomb appearance created by the numerous
ridges that separate a network of cells in a compartment
within the reticulum.
1739

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 200
1740 Beef Mountain Chain Tripe

Mountain chain tripe is the name given to the muscular
folds or pillars seen in the rumen or paunch. These pillars
or folds are more pronounced in older beef animals.
1740
1791 Beef Oxtail

The beef tail is usually referred to as an oxtail. It is
removed from the carcass between the 2nd and 3rd coc-
cygeal vertebrae.The last 2 or 3 vertebrae are also removed
from the tip end of the tail. The surface fat is trimmed to a
maximum of 0.25 inches (6 mm). The item may be pur-
chased either whole or disjointed as Purchaser Specified
Option D.
1791
3701 Veal Brains

The item is found in the frontal top area of the skull. The
individual sections weigh approximately 8 ounces (227 g)
when separated from the spinal cord. As pictured, the
brains are shown intact and attached. Purchasers desiring
only the individual sections should so specify.
3701
3710 Style 06 Veal Tongue, Swiss-Cut

A Swiss-cut veal tongue is a tongue that has had the U-
shaped hyoid bones removed and has been trimmed to
remove all glands, root, and underside blade meat. It shall
be almost entirely free from fat. The veal tongue has a less
defined humplike prominence on its topside, but otherwise
is similar to a beef tongue, though much smaller in size and
weight. Veal tongues are usually white in color.
3710 Style 06

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 201
3722 Veal Sweetbreads

The sweetbread is the thymus gland. Veal sweetbreads are
considered the most desirable. One side of the gland is
plump and rounded and the other, or heart side, is more
elongated and narrow. The sweetbreads have a membrane
cover but otherwise are trimmed free of excess fat and tis-
sues. When sold together in sets, they are referred to as
pairs. Veal sweetbreads are pinkish white in color and mul-
tilobed in appearance.
3722
3723 Veal Heart

A muscular, cone-shaped organ located in the thorax
region of the veal carcass. It weighs approximately 2.5
pounds (1.1 kg). Purchasers desiring a special preparation
of this item should request it from their supplier.
3723
3724 Veal Liver

The liver is a smooth, somewhat rounded and rectangular
organ covered with a thin membrane or skin. Veal livers
vary in color from light reddish tan to tan and have two
lobes of substantially different sizes. Larger, heavier, and
darker livers are generally called calf. Livers from special-
fed or formula veal may also be quite large but are lighter
in color. Veal and calf livers are not usually sold skinned.
3724

25_747211_ch09.qxp 12/1/05 11:55 AM Page 202
3724 Style 17 PSO B: Veal Liver,

Sliced as Specified
Style 17 PSO C: Veal Liver,
Portion Cut as Specified
A purchaser may order this item either sliced to a desired

thickness, generally 0.25 inch (6 mm) or larger, or portion-
cut to an approximate specified weight, generally 4 oz.
(114 g). Larger or smaller portion sizes are processed in
3724 Style 17, PSO B
approximate 1 oz. (28.35 g) increments. Whether ordered
sliced or portioned, the product should be approximately
uniform in thickness throughout.
The liver may be molded, frozen, and tempered to facili-

tate the slicing or portioning process. Product may be
packaged intact similar to a loaf, or spaced on separators
between the layers.
3724 Style 17, PSO C
3728 Veal Kidney

The veal kidney is a rectangular, multilobed concave organ
with a slight depression on the opposite side where the
blood vessels and other connections to the body occur. Its
color is reddish-tan. Kidneys are trimmed even to the sur-
face on the depression side of excess fat and attachments
to the body.The membrane that surrounds the kidney shall
also be removed.
3728
3791 Veal Tail

The veal tail is similar in appearance to the beef oxtail
except it is smaller in overall size. It measures approxi-
mately 8 inches (20 cm) long and 0.75 inches (18 mm) in
diameter. The veal tail is separated from the carcass in the
same manner as described in Item No. 1791 Beef Oxtail.
This item may be purchased whole or specified disjointed
as Purchaser Specified Option D (Disjointed).
3791

36_747211_tab16.qxd 12/1/05 4:25 PM Page 263
GLOSSARY / NUTRITION
GLOSSARY
Note: All Item Nos. refer to the NAMP Meat Buyer’s Guide.
Aging. A process by which beef is held under controlled Bar Round. Boneless rump, shank, and heel-off round
temperatures for a period of time. This allows enzymatic tied girthwise and lengthwise.
activity to degrade complex proteins, changing flavor and
tenderness. See also Dry Aging and Wet Aging. Baseball Cut. The dorsal side of the center cut beef
sirloin top butt. See Item No. 184F.The steak from this cut
AMS. Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA. may be called a baseball steak or filet style steak. See Item
No. 1184F.
Anterior to. Toward the front of the carcass, or for-
ward of. Baste. To moisten meat with a liquid while cooking, to
add flavor and to prevent drying of the surface.
Asian Style. This item, also referred to as traditional
Asian Style refers most commonly to ducklings and is a BBQ Ribs. Ribs from all species prepared by barbecu-
carcass processed as a whole animal except that the head ing.
and feet are left intact.
Binders. Approved edible substances used for stabiliz-
A.P. (As-Purchased). The condition or cost of an ing, binding, and changing texture and shape of food.
item as it is purchased or received from a supplier.
Blade Meat. The lean meat overlying the ribeye and rib
A.S. (As-Served). The weight or size of a food item portion of the primal rib. Also referred to as false meat, rib
as sold or served after processing or cooking. lifter meat, cap meat, or wedge meat. See Item No. 109B.
Blast Frozen. Products are frozen rapidly at extreme-

Baby Back Ribs. Smaller sizes of back ribs from pork ly low temperatures (–10° or lower) in conjunction with
loins. high-velocity air movement around the product.
Backstrap. The elastic yellowish color connective tis- Block Ready. A cut that is sold ready for further pro-
sue running from the neck through the rib region of beef, cessing or portioning.
veal, and lamb.
Bob Veal, Bobby. Meat of very young (usually less
Bake. To cook by dry heat. When applied to meat, it is than 21 days) beef and dairy animals.
called roasting.
Boil. To cook in water or other liquid, in which bubbles
Ball Tip. Also referred to as Ball or Butcher’s Heart. See rise continually and break on the surface.
Item No. 185B.
Boned Breasts (Poultry). Sometimes labeled cut-
Barbecue. To roast meat slowly on a grill, spit, or over lets. One hundred percent edible light meat. Boneless
coals. While cooking, meat is usually basted with a sauce. breasts may or may not include skin; cutlets normally are
sold without skin.
Baron of Beef. A descriptive name of bone-in beef
round items from Item Nos. 160 to 166B that are general- Braise. To brown meat in a small amount of fat, then
ly of large size and used for roasting. Also referred to as cook slowly in a covered utensil in a small amount of liq-
Steamship Round. uid.

36_747211_tab16.qxd 12/1/05 4:25 PM Page 264
G LO S S ARY
Breaded. Product that is coated with less than 30 per- Carcass. The dressed, slaughtered animal, containing
cent of an edible substance, usually flour or bread crumbs. two “sides.”
Product may first be dipped in a batter to enhance the
adherence of the breading. Center Cut. Term used to indicate the interior portion
of different cuts of meat after removal of outer edges or
Breaded and Pre-browned (Breading Set ends to create a more desirable portion that may be more
in Hot Oil). Uncooked breaded products with the uniform in appearance.
breading set in hot oil must state “ready to cook” or some
other term to indicate the product is not cooked or show Chain. The side muscle of a tenderloin.
cooking instructions on the label.
Channel Fat. Fat located over the vertebrae on the
Brochette Meat. Cubes of meat (beef, veal, pork, inside surface of beef chucks, ribs, and loins. Also on the
lamb) ordinarily put on a skewer and cooked by broiling. inside surface of pork loins.
Also referred to as Kabob Meat.
Chateaubriand. The center cut portion of the whole
Broil. To cook by direct heat. Grill. completely trimmed tenderloin, which has the same size
Broilers. Young chickens produced for meat.The terms diameter on both cut ends and is reasonably uniform in
broilers and fryers are interchangeable. girth with a minimum of tapering. Cooked and served as
one piece.
Broilers for Deboning. Five to six pounds ready-
to-cook weight basis, that are hand-deboned for nuggets, Chicken Paws. The lower portion of the chicken foot
patties, strips, and similar boneless products. remaining after cutting the chicken leg into two parts just
below the spurpoint.
BRT. Boned, rolled, and tied (or netted).
Chilled. A temperature-related term generally used to
Buffalo Wings. Deep-fried chicken wings served with describe fresh product.
a hot sauce and a blue cheese dressing. The wing is pre-
pared by separating the drummette and midjoint and re- Chine bone. A part of the backbone that remains after
moving the wing tip. the carcass is split.
Butcher’s Heart. See Ball Tip. Chuck Tender. Supraspinatus muscle. See Item No.
116B. Also referred to as Mock Tender and Scotch Tender.
Butterfly. To split steaks, chops, cutlets, and roasts in
half, leaving halves hinged on one side. Chunked and Formed. A meat product that con-
Button. Soft white tips of cartilage on the dorsal end of sists of meat chunks (approximately 1.0 inch (7.5 cm)
the vertical spinous processes (feather bones) in younger square) formed into a desired shape. The meat chunks are
animals. Mineral is deposited in the buttons as the animal usually produced by coarse grinding or dicing.The chunks
grows older, and the buttons take on an appearance simi- are massaged (tumbled) prior to forming.
lar to the hard bone.
Clod Heart. A name given to the triceps brachii long
head muscle. Also referred to as the Shoulder Center. See
Cafeteria Round. Any one of a variety of beef Item No. 114E.
rounds that may be used for carving on a buffet line. May Close Trim. Trimming more surface or cover fat from
be bone in or boneless and may have a handle on or off as
a product than is generally industry specifications. Close
specified by purchaser. See Baron of Beef.
trim is regarded as 0.25 inch or less.
Calf. Calf is differentiated from veal on the basis of lean
color. Calf has a grayish red to moderately red lean color,
Club Steak. Historically a steak from the rib end por-
tion of the beef short loin. Considered as any beef steak
while veal is usually grayish pink. The darker color is a
result of maturity as calf is marketed at 5 to 10 months from the rib or loin, primarily used for grilling.
while most veal is marketed prior to 20 weeks of age. Cock. A male chicken also called a rooster. Neither the
Cap Meat. See Blade Meat. May also be the fat cover whole bird nor the parts from the cock are normally avail-
and lean of a beef rib, veal rack, lamb rack, pork loin, or able since the carcass meat is primarily used for further-
any other meat cut where the term applies, such as a processed products.
knuckle, top sirloin, or leg.
Cod/Udder Fat. A smooth deposit of fat in the udder
Capon. Six to 10 pounds ready-to-cook, surgically region of heifers and cows. Cod fat in steers is a rough and
unsexed male broiler. irregular-shaped fat deposit in the scrotal region.

37_747211_glossary.qxp 12/1/05 12:09 PM Page 265
G LO S S ARY
Comb. A fleshy or cartilaginous variable serrated- Denuded. Meat cuts that have had practically all sur-
shaped appendage on the head of the bird. face fat removed. Also referred to as Peeled.
Comminuted. Reduction of meat particle size, using Denver Ribs. The name given to the lamb spareribs
such methods as grinding, dicing, and chopping. specially prepared from Item No. 209.
Corner Piece. A portion of the short plate that Diaphragm. The muscle that supports the viscera
includes the 6th, 7th, and 8th rib portions but does not (inner organs) of an animal and is commonly referred to
include costal cartilage. in beef as an outside skirt. See Item No. 121C.
Cornish Game Hens. A ready-to-cook hen that is Diced. See Cube Meat.
about 14–22 ounces (sometimes referred to as Rock
Cornish Hen). Dorsal to. Toward the back of the carcass, upper or top
line.
Cowboy Steak. A name given to Frenched single-
bone rib steak. See Item No. 1103B. Sometimes this term Dressed. The cleaned, defeathered and eviscerated
is also applied to a frenched split-bone rib steak. poultry that is ready for sale. Also termed ready-to-cook
(RTC).
Crown Roast. A roast prepared from either a lamb
rack or pork rib end or rack, usually Frenched, and sever- Dry Aged. Fresh meat cuts that have been stored
al pieces tied into a round shape resembling a crown. (without vacuum packaging) for various periods of time
Cryogenic Freezing. This is the most rapid freezing under controlled temperatures, humidity, and air flow to
method for meat. Liquid nitrogen and liquid carbon diox- avoid spoilage and ensure flavor enhancement, tenderness,
ide are the most common condensed gases that serve as and palatability. Prior to cutting or trimming, a dry-aged
the refrigerant in cryogenic systems. product will customarily have a firm, hard surface on
exposed edible tissue.
Cubed. Refers to a process of mechanical tenderization
using a machine with two sets of sharp pointed disks that Duck Press. A cooking tool that uses pressure to
score or cut muscle fibers without tearing. Irregular pieces extract the juices from the carcass of fowl.
of meat can be shaped and “knitted” together with this
machine.
Edible By-Products. The edible organs, fat, and
Cube Meat. Any meat that has been cut into uniform glands of a meat animal. Included are heart, tongue, liver,
pieces. See Kabob and Brochette Meat.
pancreas, thymus (beef and veal sweetbreads), kidney,
Culotte. A term used to refer to the flat, triangular- spleen (melt), brains, stomach walls (tripe), hog intestines
shaped muscle (biceps femoris) that lies immediately (chitterlings), and testicles (fries). See Variety Meats.
beneath the surface fat of the top butt. It can be cut into
steaks or cooked in one piece. It is sold fat-on and defat- End Cuts. Cuts made from the ends of primal or sub-
ted. primal cuts. Ends often lack the uniformity of the adjacent
cuts.
Cured. Meat products that have been infused with spe-
cial saline solutions and ingredients to enhance flavor and End to End. A requirement that includes all cuts made
color, and extend shelf life. Commonly called “corned” from the primal or sub-primal cut being sliced.
when referring to a cured beef item (e.g., Corned Beef).
Enzyme. A complex protein compound produced by
Cutlet, Poultry. Cutlets may be either slices from a animals and plants that has the ability to accelerate organ-
whole muscle or they may be fabricated. In either instance ic reactions.
the labeling for the cutlet must properly describe it, e.g.,
poultry cutlet chopped and formed. Establishment Number. Number granted an
establishment or plant when it complies with all require-
ments for federal or state inspection, and which identifies
Dark Meat. Drumstick, thigh, thigh trim meat, and the processing plant wherever found.
dark trim meat of chickens and turkeys.
Evisceration. The process of removing the internal
Deckle. Fat and lean lying between bone and the main organs.
muscle of the brisket.
Export Rib. A commonly used industry term for a
Delmonico Steak. A boneless steak cut from the bone-in, lip-on beef rib eye. Sometimes referred to as BILO
beef rib (lip on or lip off). Rib.

G LO S S ARY
Fabricated Cuts. Cuts made from primal and sub- Freezer Burn. Discoloration due to loss of moisture
primal cuts. Fabricated cuts can be boneless or bone in. and oxidation in freezer-stored meats.
Fajitas. Boneless meat, sliced into narrow irregular Frenched. The process by which the bone is exposed
strips from 1.0 inch (25 mm) to 3.0 inches (51 mm) in after removing the intercostal meat (the meat between the
length. Usually cut from extra-lean, more tender beef and bones), and/or the lean and fat surrounding it to provide a
chicken. It can also be marinated. It is a common ingredi- decorative appearance.
ent in Tex-Mex dishes.
Fresh. Refers to meats that have not been canned,
False Lean. The cutaneous muscle imbedded in the fat cured, smoked, or cooked. In order for poultry to qualify
overlying the shoulder area of a pork or beef side. It is as fresh, however, in addition to the above, the product
exposed when the loin is closely trimmed. must never have been frozen.
FCS. Food and Consumer Service, USDA (formerly Frozen. Refers to meat that has been reduced in tem-
Food and Nutrition Service). perature to below the freezing temperature of meat
Feather. The horny type structures covering the body (<28°F).
of the bird. They are removed from the carcass at the first Fry. To cook in fat or oil. Applied especially (1) to cook-
stage of processing. ing in a small amount of fat, also called pan-frying; and (2)
Fillets. Boneless slices of lean meat that form portion to cooking in a deep layer of fat, also called deep-fat fry-
cuts of uniform size and shape. May be cubed mechanical- ing.
ly if specified. Fryer. A young chicken produced for meat. A term often
Filet Mignon. A steak cut from a beef tenderloin. used interchangeably with “broiler.”
Finger Meat. Intercostal meat between the ribs. Also FSIS. Food Safety and Inspection Service, USDA.
referred to as Rib Fingers.
Further-Processed Poultry Products. Poultry
Flanken. Kosher or non-Kosher beef used for soup products prepared by cooking, smoking, grinding, debon-
meat or boiled beef. It is usually cut from the plate, brisket, ing, dehydrating, or otherwise processing beyond the cut-
chuck, short ribs, or corner piece from a fabricated rib. up stage so as to change form, appearance, texture, or to
keep quality. Further-processed products include nuggets,
Flap. See Item No. 185A. See also Item No. 116G. patties, hot dogs, pot pies, and hundreds of other prod-
ucts.
Flat. See Item No. 171B.
Flat Iron. A name given to the infraspinatus muscle of the
Clod after the connective tissue or shoulder tendon has been Giblets. The liver, heart, and gizzard of a poultry car-
removed. See Item No. 114D. See also Item No. 1114D. cass. Although often packaged with them, the neck of a
bird is not a giblet.
FLO. Fat Limitation Options.
Gizzard. A bird’s second stomach.
Foie Gras. Any fattened fowl liver, most common vari-
eties are duck and goose. Grade. USDA designation that indicates quality or yield
of meat. See Quality Grade and Yield Grade.
Forequarter. The anterior portion of a beef side,
including ribs 1 through 12. Gristle. Inedible tough elastic tissue or cartilage.
Foresaddle. Unsplit forequarter of a veal or lamb car- Gross Weight. Refers to the weight of products plus
cass. their packaging and packing materials, including the ship-
ping container and closure materials such as strapping.
Formed, Molded, Pressed. Chunks of meat,
including sections, may be formed, molded, and pressed to Grow-Out House. Building used for brooding and
make roasts, rolls, logs, etc. raising broilers and turkeys.
Formula-Fed Veal. See Special-Fed Veal.
Free Range. Chickens or turkeys that are raised on a HACCP. Acronym for Hazard Analysis and Critical
farm and allowed unlimited access to the area outside the Control Points (pronounced “hassup”). Meat, poultry,
grow-out houses. Free range chickens are usually part of and seafood companies operate under this science-based
small flocks and may eat only simple mixtures of grains food safety system. An explanation of the system is found
and what they forage. in the front section of the Guide.

G LO S S ARY
Halal and Zabiah Halal. Meat and poultry prod- container, shall bear the mark of inspection and the num-
ucts slaughtered and prepared in accordance with Islamic ber of the establishment where it was last processed. See
law. Establishment Number.
Ham. Meat from the hind leg of pork that has been IQF. Individually quick frozen. Refers to cuts that have
cured and smoked. been individually frozen at extremely low temperatures
immediately after processing.
Ham, “Country Style.” A dry-cured, smoked ham.
Called “country ham” when produced in a rural area, and
called “country-style ham” if produced elsewhere. Japanese Quail. A type of quail that are prolific egg
producers and raised primarily for this purpose.
Ham, Fresh. See Item No. 401.
Ham, Water Added. Cooked ham with a minimum
protein fat-free (PFF) value of 17.0. (Typically 10 percent Kabob. Boneless dices of meat that are generally placed
or less water added.) on skewers and grilled. Also referred to as Brochette Meat
and Cube Meat.
Hanging Tender. The portion of the diaphragm mus-
cle that is attached to the back region of the last rib. See Kansas City Steak. Strip loin steak. Can be either
Item No. 140. bone in or boneless. Also referred to as a New York Steak.
See Item Nos. 1179, 1180B.
Hatchery. A facility housing large egg incubators in
which baby chicks are hatched. Kassler Rib. Smoked bone-in pork loin.
Heel. A group of small muscles located in the lower por- Kosher. Meat from animals slaughtered under
tion of the outside round (adjacent to the femur bone). Rabbinical supervision.
Also known as horseshoe. The mouse is one of the muscle
groups that makes up the heel. See Mouse. Kosher Style. Used in reference to pure beef sausage
and corned beef that is seasoned with garlic and spices,
Hen. The adult female of several species of poultry. imparting a flavor similar to real Kosher products. This
term is illegal for use in advertising or product description
Hindquarter. The posterior portion of the beef side in a number of states.
remaining after severance from the 12th-rib forequarter.
Hindsaddle. Unsplit hindquarter of a veal or lamb car-

cass. Laid-Out Pack. A portion, single thickness on sepa-
rating sheets or boards.
Hip. Sirloin portion of the hindquarter. Also referred to
as the loin end. See Item Nos. 181, 182. Leaf Fat. A high-quality fat lining from the abdominal
wall in pork, commonly called kidney fat in beef and lamb.
HRI. Hotels, Restaurants, and Institutions. Used as a
synonym for the foodservice industry. Lifter Meat. See Blade Meat.
Hump Meat. The dorsal portion of the rhomboideus Liquid Tenderization. To use any enzymatic solu-
muscle of the beef chuck. Most prominent in Bos Indicus tions to tenderize meat cuts.
breeds of cattle. Live Weight. Weight of the live animal.
Loin End. See Hip.
IM. When “IM” appears with the name of an item, it des-
ignates that the roast or steak is composed of one muscle. London Broil. Applies to a variety of beef cuts, usual-
Variation of quality will be eliminated since IM cuts will yield ly boneless that can be broiled and then thinly sliced.
highly uniform slices as compared to multiple muscle cuts. Long Island Duckling. Early production of duck-
When portioning IM cuts,they should be sliced at an approx- lings in the United States originated on Long Island and
imate right angle to the grain (direction of muscle fibers). the ducklings came to be identified as those from this
Injected. Meat cuts that have had solutions introduced region. They were produced from strains of white pekin
throughout the muscles by injection or pumping. Also ducks that were imported from China. The designation
referred to as Pumped or “Processed With.” Long Island Duckling is geographically restricted to duck-
lings that have been raised on Long Island, New York.
Inspection Mark of Meat Products. Official Today, white pekin ducklings are primarily raised in the
stamp on federally or state-inspected and/or labeled meat Midwest and Western sections of the country and may
products. Each inspected meat product, or its immediate sometimes be referred to as Long Island Style Ducklings.

G LO S S ARY
Marbling. Intramuscular fat; flecks of fat within the lean. New York. Different regions of the country use the term
It is an important factor affecting quality in meat. Marbling “New York” to refer to either bone-in or boneless beef strip
enhances palatability by increasing juiciness and flavor. loins or steaks. See Kansas City Steak.
Marinate. To be labeled “marinated,” a product must New York-Dressed. Fowl with only the blood and
use a marinade that is a mixture in which food is either feathers removed. Does not apply to turkeys.
soaked, massaged, tumbled, or injected in order to enhance
taste, tenderness, or other sensory attributes such as color New York Style Round. Primal round with the sir-
or juiciness. loin tip (knuckle) removed.
Market Weight. The weight of the chicken after it has No Roll. Refers to beef carcasses and cuts that have not
been processed (defeathered, eviscerated, and cleaned).Also been officially graded and identified by USDA. The quali-
termed dressed weight or ready-to-cook (RTC) weight. ty grade is usually lower than Select.
Marrow. An edible, fatty substance found in the center
of bones.
Off Condition. Meat and/or meat products that are
Marrow Bones. Refers to the large round bones and unwholesome.
shank bones of the round and chuck (excluding knuckle
bones), which contain significant amounts of marrow. The
Onglet Steak. Another name for the Hanging Tender
Steak. See Item No. 1140.
bones are usually cut into shorter pieces to expose the
marrow.
Medallion. Usually small, round slices of meat. Also Paddle Bones. The transverse processes of the lum-
referred to as Tournedos when cut from beef tenderloins. bar vertebrae of pork loins. See Item No. 424. The trans-
verse processes are also referred to as finger bones in pork
Medial. Toward the median plane that divides the car-
and other species.
cass vertically into left and right sides.
Milk-Fed Veal. See Special-Fed Veal. Panbroil. To cook uncovered in a frying pan. The fat is
poured off as it accumulates.
Mock Tender. See Chuck Tender.
Panfry. To cook in a small amount of fat.
Mouse. Digital flexor muscles found in the heel.
Papain. Enzyme obtained from juice of the papaya. Its
MSP. Mechanically separated poultry. This refers to enzymatic action breaks down the protein in meat and cre-
poultry raw materials or food products made by me- ates a tenderizing effect.
chanically separating bone from muscle tissue of carcasses
and parts of poultry carcasses. MSP must be declared as Parts. Ready-to-cook chicken legs (thighs and drum-
mechanically separated chicken or turkey on the label. sticks), breasts, or wings.
Mutton. Meat removed from sheep carcasses that are Pectoral Meat. Those various muscles usually associ-
considered physiologically mature (absence of break ated with the beef brisket and plate and also found in the
joints). pork shoulder.
Peeled. See Denuded.

Nature-Fed Veal. See Special-Fed Veal.
Peeled Tender of Beef (Wedge Fat In). See
Navel. Short plate. See Item No. 121. Item No. 189B.
Necks of Beef. The portion of chuck located above Petite Tender. The teres major muscle of the clod. See
the 1st rib bone, blade, and arm bones. Item No. 114F.
Needled, Needling. A tenderizing process involving PFF. Protein, Fat-Free. Refers to a formula used by
penetration of muscles by closely spaced thin blades with USDA to calculate the amount of added moisture in cured
sharpened ends that cut muscle fibers into short segments. meat products.
Also referred to as Pinned.
Pickled. See Cured.
Net Weight. Weight of the contents of a container after
the weight of packaging and packing materials has been Pigeon. A mature squab. Not readily available for food-
deducted. service. The meat is tough, and the skin is coarse textured.

G LO S S ARY
Pinned. See Needled. Ranch Steak. A name given to the clod heart when
prepared into steaks. See Item No. 1114E.
Plate Piece. See Corner Piece.
Ratite. A large flightless bird having a flat breastbone.
Porterhouse Tails. Portions of the flank muscles Common ratites are ostriches, emus, and rheas. Since
trimmed from short loins or strips. Also referred to as these birds are slaughtered and processed like livestock,
Steak Tails. they are designated as livestock by the USDA but not
Portion Control Cuts. Items that have been cut, included in this publication.
sliced, or formed to specified weights or thicknesses. Ready-to-Cook (RTC). Dressed, whole-bodied
Posterior to. Toward the rear of the carcass, behind. carcass or parts ready for the consumer to cook.
Poussin. A baby chicken raised on grain products. Rib Fingers. See Finger Meat.
Practically Free of Fat. Terminology used to Riblets. Associated with pork (see Item No. 424), but
describe a meat cut on which there is no practicably trim- may also be harvested from other species. The term riblets
mable fat present. is sometimes used by foodservice operators to describe
items harvested from other species.
Precooked. Products that have been cooked but may
require reheating or additional cooking prior to eating. Rooster. See Cock.
Primal Cuts. Basic major cuts into which carcasses

and sides are separated. Sausage. Comminuted meat products prepared with
meat or meat by-products and seasoned with spices (salt,
“Prime” Rib. This term refers to a beef rib roast and pepper, etc.) in small amounts. Sausage products may be
does not refer to the quality grade of that roast. It is a cooked or uncooked and smoked or unsmoked.
generic description.
Sauté. A method of cooking meat in a skillet or pan
Protein. A nutrient. Foods of animal origin are the best while in the presence of a small amount of cooking oil.
source of high biological quality, complete protein because Meat pieces should be tender and cut very thin because
they contain the 8 essential amino acids in the proportions cooking time is short.
necessary to build, maintain, and repair the body tissues
and strengthen its defense mechanism against infection Scotch Tender. See Chuck Tender.
and disease.
Sear. To brown surface of meat by brief application of
P.S.E. Pale, Soft, and Exudative pork. This pork yields intense heat.
undesirable-looking fresh and cured cuts. When detected,
PSE meat is usually processed into sausage. Sectioned and Formed. A meat product that con-
sists of entire muscles (or muscle systems) that are closely
PSMO. Peeled beef tender, side muscle on. See Item trimmed, massaged, and then formed into a desired shape.
Nos. 189A, 189B. Sectioned and formed hams are an example of this prod-
uct type.
PSO. Purchaser Specified Option.
Pullman Style. Usually refers to a meat product Shell Loin. Bone-in strip loin. See Item Nos. 175, 179.
packed into a long container (usually rectangular or Shell Steak. Steak made from one of the shell loins or
square). bone-in strip loin.
Pullet. A young female chicken before she begins to lay Shin, Shins of Beef. Hindshank and/or foreshank.
eggs. The hock bones shall be removed.
Pumped. See Injected. Shoulder Rose. The cutaneous muscle of the clod. See
Purge. The juices exuded from fresh, cooked, and cured Item No. 114.
meat cuts after they are packaged and which remain in the Shrink. This term refers to the weight loss from
package at the time of opening. meat/meat products that may occur throughout the prod-
uct’s life (slaughter to consumer).
Quality Grade. Each grade denotes a specific level of Shrink Wrap. Using plastic self-adhering wrapping
quality as determined by the USDA. material to tightly conform to the shape of meat or cartons.

G LO S S ARY
Side. One matched forequarter and hindquarter or one Tenderloin (Chicken). The inner pectoral muscle
half of a meat animal carcass. that lies adjacent to the rib cage parallel to the breast bone.
Simmer. To cook in liquid at a temperature of approxi- Texas Ribs. Beef back ribs. See Item No. 124.
mately 185°F. Bubbles form slowly and break below the
surface. Tiger Muscle. The multfidus dorsi muscle found on
the dorsal side of the boneless pork loin. See Item Nos.
Sirloin. That portion of the beef hindquarter remaining 413C, 414.
after the round, short loin, and flank are removed. Steaks
cut from this item are called sirloin steaks. Also referred to
Top Sirloin Butt (Bone-In). Item No. 184 with
the bone remaining.
as Hip.
Sirloin Tip. Beef knuckle. See Items Nos. 167 and Tournedos. See Medallion.
167A. Tri-Tip. Also known as the triangle. See Item Nos.
185C, 185D.
Sirloin Tip Steak. Refers to a steak cut from the
knuckle (sirloin tip). See Item Nos. 1167, 1167A. Trichinae Certified Pork. Pork that has been spe-
cially processed to be certified by USDA as being trichi-
Smoke. The process of treating or curing meat with nae-free.
smoke as both a flavoring and a preservative.
Trimmed Corner Piece. See Corner Piece. This
Smoked. Meat cuts that have been exposed to the dry cut is prepared from a corner piece by removing the fat
smoke of hardwoods, or that have had liquid smoke cover and first layer of lean.
applied externally or as a cure ingredient.
TSP. Trisodium phosphate, a solution permitted as use
Snude. The fleshy or cartilaginous variable serrated- for an antimicrobial agent on poultry.
shaped appendage on the head of a turkey.
Soy Added. Refers to the addition of hydrated soy pro-

tein to a meat product. UPC. The acronym for Universal Product Code. A bar
code and numbering codification system used to identify
Special-Fed Veal. Beef/dairy animals that are fed sci- products by electronic devices for inventory control and
entifically controlled liquid diets that produce pale fine- pricing.
textured meat. Generally slaughtered at 15 to 20 weeks of
age. Also referred to as Formula-Fed, Milk-Fed, or Nature- USDA. United States Department of Agriculture.
Fed Veal. USDA Grade A. A symbol applied to chickens or
turkeys that have passed inspection by U.S. Department of
SRM.The acronym for Specified Risk Materials. An
Agriculture officials and meet certain high standards of
explanation of the term appears in the front section of the
quality, size, and appearance criteria.
Guide.
Steak-Ready. A primal or sub-primal cut that has

been trimmed in such a manner that steaks may be por- Vacuum Aging. Aging in plastic packaging from
tioned from it without substantial further trimming. which air has been removed.
Steak Tails. See Porterhouse Tails. Vacuum Packed. Refers to the process of encasing
meat cuts in bags or pouches fabricated from laminated
Steamboat Round, Steamship Round. See plastic, evacuating air from the bags and sealing them for
Cafeteria Round and Baron of Beef. extended refrigerated storage.
Stir Fry. A method of cooking small pieces of meat in a Variety Meats. See Edible By-Products.
small amount of cooking oil over intense heat, usually in a
wok. The meat is stirred constantly during cooking and is Veal. See Calf.
cooked for a brief time. Vein Steak. Steak cut from the hip end of the sirloin
St. Louis Style Spare Ribs. Spareribs with the strip or short loin showing a piece of connective tissue sep-
brisket bone removed. See Item No. 416A. arating the loin eye (longissimus dorsi) from the small mus-
cle (gluteus medius), which lies immediately beneath the
Sub-Primal Cuts. Smaller cuts derived from primal surface fat. The connective tissue forms an irregular half-
cuts. moon shape. Also referred to as Veiny.

G LO S S ARY
Ventral to. Toward the lower surface of the carcass, Wild Goose. Wild geese such as those from Canada are
away from the back. protected by law under international migratory bird treaties.
VPP. Vegetable protein product. A vegetable product that Wishbone Portion (Pulley Bones). The wish-
has been processed into granules or flakes, forming a rehy- bone portion consists of the pulley bones together with
drated product similar in texture to the meat product with their covering muscle and skin excluding the neck skin.
which it is incorporated. Commonly referred to as TVP The portion may be produced from any whole breast. The
(textured vegetable protein). portion includes the hypocledium end of the wishbone, and
the separation occurs along a line approximately halfway
between the wishbone and the sternal spine to the point
Water Added. USDA labeling term that identifies a where the wishbone joins the shoulder.
meat cut that has been injected with cure solution in excess
of the amount lost during the curing and smoking process,
WOG. Term given to broilers sold without giblets and
neck.
thus yielding a cut that weighs more than the original
uncured weight. There are differences in label require-
ments from various other products to which water has
Yield Grade. These grades are designed to identify
been added.
carcasses for differences in cutability or yield and are
Wet Aging. See Vacuum Aging. applied by the USDA Grading Service.
White Meat. Meat from the breast, wing, or scapula of Young Meat Chickens. Although usually referring
turkeys and chickens. No skin is included. to broilers, this category includes broilers (more than 90
percent of the young meat chickens category), young
Whole Chicken. Ready-to-cook chicken that is not roasters, Cornish game hens, capons, and certain other
cut-up, includes giblets and meat. special types of young poultry meat.
Wild Duck. Wild ducks, such as Mallard, Canvasback, Young Roaster Chicken. A broiler that is 6 to 8
Teal, Widgeon, etc., are protected by law under interna- pounds, ready-to-cook, sold fresh or frozen through gro-
tional migratory bird treaties. cery retail. The broiler is sold either whole or cut-up.

38_747211_nutrition.qxp 11/30/05 4:06 PM Page 273
NUTRITION
INFORMATION
We hope you will find the Nutrition Information Section to be a valuable aid
in menu planning and in responding to customers’ nutrition questions.
As an aid to users of The Meat Buyer’s Guide, the North American Meat
Since portion sizes vary Processors Association (NAMP) is pleased to include this section on nutrition
accordingly to a customer’s information.
cost or menu requirements,
Nutrition has become an important consideration for providers and end-
the nutrition information is
users alike. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the Department of
expressed in a 1.0 oz cooked
Health and Human Services, as mandated by law, and the Food Safety and
format. This should make it
easier to convert the data to Inspection Service (FSIS) of the Department of Agriculture, in a voluntary effort,
foodservice portions. We have in cooperation with one another, have implemented nutrition labeling regula-
chosen to use cooked rather tions in retail stores to provide meaningful as well as understandable nutri-
than raw product data tional information. In addition to the regulations, both agencies will embark on
because it is anticipated that a broad-based educational program to help consumers understand and make
users of The Meat Buyer’s use of the nutrition information so that they may lead more healthful lives.
Guide would wish to inform In preparing this section, NAMP is indebted to the National Cattlemen’s
their customers based upon Beef Association’s Center for Quality staff for their help. NAMP also acknowl-
the nutrient profile of the edges the contributions made by the United States Department of Agriculture
product as served rather than
and its Food and Consumer Services’ Human Nutrition Information Service,
as purchased. Since variations
which is responsible for the publication of the Agriculture Handbook No. 8
may exist in the trim or inter-
nal fat in served portions, the Series.
information is provided on a In some instances, the foodservice products described in the Institutional
separable lean basis. The data Meat Purchase Specifications, upon which The Meat Buyer’s Guide is based, do
listed, however, does not not correlate directly with the retail descriptions of the products used in the
account for any added ingredi- Agriculture Handbook. Accordingly, there may be some minor variations in the
ents, seasonings, or sauces nutrient profiles of the products contained herein. Any variations, however,
that may be used in the prepa- should not be significant enough to affect the general application of the infor-
ration or presentation of the mation. Further, the nutrient profiles that follow may need to be reconsidered
meat products described. as more information about trim specifications and consumer usage patterns

N U T R ITI O N I N FO R MATI O N
becomes available. Included in our profiles are the minerals iron, zinc, sodium,
As a guideline, in order to and calcium, and the vitamins riboflavin and thiamin. Lipids or fatty acids
approximate the cooked weight
included are saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and, of course, cho-
of your raw serving, multiply
lesterol. Carbohydrates and vitamins A and C were not included because their
the raw ounces weight by 0.75
amounts are not significantly different from zero for fresh meat. An explanation
(75 percent) to obtain the
cooked weight. (Some varia- of terms and abbreviations is offered on the adjacent page.
tions may occur due to cooking
times and temperatures.) Then EXAMPLE
simply multiply the 1.0 oz. 1180A Beef Strip Loin Steak, 12.0 oz. raw
nutrient data in the tables by Convert raw to cooked weight: 12.0 oz. x 0.75 oz. = 9.0 oz.
the cooked weight of your por- From the tables: 9.0 oz. x 59 total calories per oz. = 531 total calories for this
tion to obtain the information portion
for that particular menu item.

N U T R ITI O N I N FO R MATI O N
Explanation of the
Nutrition Section
TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
UNITS OF MEASURE LIPIDS OR FATTY ACIDS*

1.0 oz. = 28.35 grams SFA = saturated fatty acid
1.0 lb. = 453.6 grams MUFA = monounsaturated fatty acid
oz. = ounce PUFA = polyunsaturated fatty acid
lb. = pound (16.0 oz.) CHOL = cholesterol
g = gram Total Fat = total Fat represents all fatty acids
mg = milligram (1/1000 of a g) including fats not individually listed.
1 g Total Fat = 9 Calories
*For simplification, fatty acids may be referred to as fat.
AH Agriculture Handbook, published by the USDA’s Food Nutrition and Consumer

Services.
AH8 The Composition of Foods is reported in the Agriculture Handbook No. 8 Series.
Twenty-two various food groups are covered. Each food group is designated by a
certain number. Beef Products, for example, are listed in AH 8-13, Pork Products in
AH 8-10, and Lamb, Veal, and Game Products in AH 8-17.
Composite The composite nutrient data for beef, lamb, veal, and pork are based on the nutri-
ent profile of the entire carcass. Nutrient profiles of individual cuts may differ
somewhat from that of the carcass.
IMPS Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications, prepared by the Livestock and Seed
Program, Standardization Branch, of the USDA’s Agricultural Marketing Service
(AMS). The Meat Buyer’s Guide, published by the North American Meat Processors
Association (NAMP), is a pictorial representation of items in the IMPS.
The numeric designations appearing under the IMPS column on each chart are the
identifying numbers for the meat cuts described. The various meat cuts are often
referred to by this IMPS or NAMP number.
USDA United States Department of Agriculture.

B E E F N U T R ITI O N I N FO R MATI O N
CALORIES
USDA AH 8-13 TOTAL FROM
IMPS DESCRIPTION PAGE CALORIES TOTAL FAT
100 Composite Cooked 60 61 25

112A Beef Ribeye Roll, Lip-On, Eye, Loin end, 0 inch trim, Choice, Broiled 144 64 30
114A Beef Chuck, Shoulder Clod Roast, Braised 96 61 21
120 Beef Brisket, Boneless, Deckle-Off, Whole, Braised 75 69 33
123A Beef Short Plate, Short Ribs, Choice, Braised 199 84 46
135A Beef for Stewing, Beef Composite 60 61 25
Ground Beef-80/20 Broiled, Medium (From Nutrient Values of
136 76 46
Muscle Foods)
Ground Beef-85/15 Broiled, Medium (From Nutrient Values of
136 68 37
Muscle Foods)
Ground Beef-90/10 Broiled, Medium (Extrapolated from
136 56 27
Handbook 8-13)
Combinations of beef with carrageenan, oat bran, or other
vegetable proteins are also available
167A Beef Round, Knuckle, Peeled, Roasted 259 52 18
168 Beef Round, Top Inside, Broiled 283 51 13
171B Beef Round, Outside, Bottom Round, Braised 221 59 21
171C Beef Round, Eye of Round, Roasted 242 48 13
184 Beef Loin Top Sirloin Butt, Broiled No roasted data available 355 55 18
193 Flank Steak, Choice, 0 inch trim, Broiled 121 59 26
1112 Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll Steak, Eye, Loin end, Choice, 0 inch trim, Broiled 144 64 30
1174 Beef Loin, T-Bone Steak, Short-Cut, Choice, Broiled 300 61 26
1180A Beef Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Extra Short-Cut, Boneless, Broiled 312 59 24
1184B Beef Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, Center Cut, Boneless, Broiled 355 55 18
1189A Beef Loin, Tenderloin Steak, Side Muscle On, Defatted, Broiled 334 60 26
1190A Beef Loin, Tenderloin Steak, Side Muscle Off, Skinned, Broiled 335 58 24

B E E F N U T R ITI O N I N FO R MATI O N
TOTAL RIBO-
FAT SFA MUFA PUFA CHOL PROTEIN CALCIUM IRON SODIUM ZINC FLAVIN THIAMIN
G G G G MG G MG MG MG MG MG MG IMPS
2.81 1.07 1.18 0.10 24 8.38 2.33 0.85 19 1.96 0.07 0.03 100
3.31 1.34 1.40 0.09 23 7.94 3.67 0.73 20 1.98 0.06 0.03 112A
2.35 0.85 0.98 0.09 29 9.36 2.67 1.07 19 2.45 0.08 0.02 114A
3.62 1.29 1.66 0.11 26 8.43 1.67 0.80 20 1.95 0.06 0.02 120
5.14 2.19 2.26 0.16 26 8.71 3.00 0.95 17 2.21 0.06 0.02 123A
2.81 1.07 1.18 0.10 24 8.38 2.33 0.85 19 1.96 0.07 0.03 135A
5.06 1.99 2.22 0.19 25 7.12 3.00 0.63 22 1.54 0.06 0.01 136
4.07 1.60 1.78 0.15 24 7.36 3.00 0.67 22 1.56 0.07 0.02 136
3.04 1.22 1.32 0.13 23 7.27 2.00 0.72 22 1.61 136
No comparable data available
1.95 0.68 0.78 0.08 23 8.13 1.33 0.83 18 2.00 0.08 0.03 167A
1.39 0.48 0.54 0.06 24 8.98 1.67 0.82 17 1.58 0.08 0.03 168
2.32 0.78 1.02 0.09 27 8.95 1.33 0.98 14 1.55 0.07 0.02 171B
1.39 0.50 0.59 0.04 20 8.21 1.33 0.55 18 1.34 0.05 0.02 171C
2.04 0.79 0.87 0.08 25 8.60 3.00 0.95 19 1.85 0.08 0.04 184
2.87 1.23 1.15 0.11 19 7.67 2.00 0.73 23 1.36 0.05 0.03 193
3.31 1.34 1.40 0.09 23 7.94 3.67 0.73 20 1.98 0.06 0.03 1112
2.94 1.18 1.18 0.11 23 7.97 2.00 0.85 19 1.53 0.07 0.03 1174
2.66 1.02 1.07 0.09 22 8.11 2.33 0.70 19 1.48 0.06 0.03 1180A
2.04 0.79 0.87 0.08 25 8.60 3.00 0.95 19 1.85 0.08 0.04 1184B
2.85 1.06 1.07 0.11 24 8.00 2.00 1.01 18 1.58 0.08 0.04 1189A
2.69 1.01 1.02 0.10 24 8.00 2.00 1.01 18 1.58 0.08 0.04 1190A
The above Data are for a 1.0 oz. portion, cooked, separable lean only. Computed on an all grades basis using the most recent USDA Handbook 8-13 data for separable lean
only (0.25 inch fat trim except where otherwise noted).
The all grades basis is a combination of Prime, Choice, and Select USDA quality grades weighted by their market proportions.

39_747211_bindex.qxp 12/1/05 11:57 AM Page 289
INDEX
BEEF FOODSERVICE CUTS Item Product Name Page

102 Forequarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Item Product Name Page
117 Foreshank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
134 Beef Bones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 136 Ground Beef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
135B Beef for Kabobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 137 Ground Beef, Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
136B Beef Patty Mix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 136A Ground Beef and Vegetable Protein
136C Beef Patty Mix, Lean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
135A Beef for Stewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 140 Hanging Tender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
120C Brisket, 2-Piece, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 155 Hindquarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
120 Brisket, Deckle-Off, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 185B Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Ball Tip,
120A Brisket, Flat Cut, Boneless (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
120B Brisket, Point Cut, Boneless (IM) . . . . . . . . . . 24 185 Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Boneless . . . . . . . 46
100 Carcass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 185A Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Flap,
116H Chuck, Chuck Eye (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Boneless (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
116D Chuck, Chuck Eye Roll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 185C Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Tri-Tip,
116A Chuck, Chuck Roll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Boneless (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
185D Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Tri-Tip,
116B Chuck, Chuck Tender. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Boneless, Defatted (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
116G Chuck, Edge Roast (IM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
172A Loin, Full Loin, Diamond-Cut, Trimmed. . . . 41
130 Chuck, Short Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
172 Loin, Full Loin, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
114 Chuck, Shoulder (Clod). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
174 Loin, Short Loin, Short-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
114E Chuck, Shoulder (Clod), Arm Roast . . . . . . . 19
181 Loin, Sirloin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
114D Chuck, Shoulder (Clod), Top Blade . . . . . . . . 18
176 Loin, Steak Tail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
114C Chuck, Shoulder (Clod), Trimmed . . . . . . . . . 18 175 Loin, Strip Loin, Bone In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
114F Chuck, Shoulder Tender (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 180 Loin, Strip Loin, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
115D Chuck, Square Cut, Pectoral 192A Loin, Tenderloin Tails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Meat (IM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 191 Loin, Tenderloin, Butt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
113 Chuck, Square-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 191A Loin, Tenderloin, Butt, Defatted . . . . . . . . . . . 49
115 Chuck, Square-Cut, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 191B Loin, Tenderloin, Butt, Skinned . . . . . . . . . . . 49
116E Chuck, Under Blade Roast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 189 Loin, Tenderloin, Full . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
135 Diced Beef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 190 Loin, Tenderloin, Full, Side Muscle Off,
193 Flank, Flank Steak (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Defatted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

INDEX
Item Product Name Page Item Product Name Page
190A Loin, Tenderloin, Full, Side Muscle Off, 161B Round, Heel and Shank Off, Without
Skinned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Knuckle, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
189A Loin, Tenderloin, Full, Side Muscle On, 167 Round, Knuckle (Tip ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Defatted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 167E Round, Knuckle (Tip), Center Roast (IM). . . 35
192 Loin, Tenderloin, Short . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 167A Round, Knuckle (Tip), Peeled . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
181A Loin, Top Sirloin, Bone In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 167D Round, Knuckle (Tip), Peeled, 2-Piece . . . . . 35
184 Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . 44 167F Round, Knuckle (Tip), Side Roast (IM) . . . . . 35
184E Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Boneless, 171B Round, Outside Round (Flat) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2-Piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 171D Round, Outside Round, Side Muscle
184B Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Center-Cut, Removed (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Boneless, Cap Off (IM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 171E Round, Outside Round, Side Roast (IM) . . . 39
184F Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Center-Cut, , 158 Round, Primal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Boneless Seamed, 2-Piece. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 159 Round, Primal, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
184A Loin, Top Sirloin Butt, Semi 166B Round, Rump and Shank Partially Off,
Center-Cut, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Handle On. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
184D Loin, Top Sirloin, Cap (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 166A Round, Rump Partially Removed,
121D Plate, Inside Skirt, (Transversus Shank Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Abdominis) (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 161 Round, Shank Off, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
121C Plate, Outside Skirt, (Diaphragm) 160 Round, Shank Off, Partially Boneless . . . . . . 32
(IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 163 Round, Shank Off, 3-Way, Boneless. . . . . . . . 33
121 Plate, Short Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 169 Round, Top (Inside) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
124 Rib, Back Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 169B Round, Top (Inside), Cap (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
109B Rib, Blade Meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 169A Round, Top (Inside), Cap Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
107 Rib, Oven-Prepared . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 169C Round, Top (Inside), Side (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
103 Rib, Primal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 169D Round, Top (Inside), Soft Side Removed. . . 37
124A Rib, Rib Fingers, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 168 Round, Top (Inside), Untrimmed . . . . . . . . . . 36
112C Rib, Ribeye (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 123A Short Plate, Short Ribs, Trimmed. . . . . . . . . . 25
112D Rib, Ribeye Cap (IM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 123 Short Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
112 Rib, Ribeye Roll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 123D Short Ribs, Boneless (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
112A Rib, Ribeye Roll, Lip-On. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 101 Side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
109E Rib, Ribeye Roll, Lip-On, Bone In . . . . . . . . . . 14
109 Rib, Roast-Ready . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
110 Rib, Roast-Ready, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 BEEF PORTION CUTS
109D Rib, Roast-Ready, Cover Off, Short-Cut . . . . 14
109A Rib, Roast-Ready, Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Item Product Page
123C Rib, Short Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 1136B Beef Patties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
123B Rib, Short Ribs, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 1102 Braising Steak, Swiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
170 Round, Bottom (Gooseneck) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 1116D Chuck, Chuck Eye Roll Steak, Boneless
170A Round, Bottom (Gooseneck), Heel Out. . . . 38 (for Braising). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
171F Round, Bottom Round, Heel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 1100 Cubed Steak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
158A Round, Diamond-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 1101 Cubed Steak, Special. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
171C Round, Eye of Round (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 1136A Ground Beef and Vegetable Protein
160B Round, Heel and Shank Off, Product Patties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Semi-Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 1136 Ground Beef Patties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

INDEX
1137 Ground Beef Patties, Special. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 1112 Rib, Ribeye Roll Steak, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . 57
1140 Hanging Tender Steak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 1112A Rib, Ribeye Steak, Lip-On, Boneless . . . . . . . 57
1185B Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Ball Tip 1112B Rib, Ribeye Steak, Lip-On, Short-Cut,
Steak (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
1185A Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Flap 1170A Round, Bottom (Gooseneck) Round
Steak (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Steak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
1185C Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Tri-Tip 1167 Round, Knuckle (Tip) Steak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Steak (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 1167A Round, Knuckle (Tip) Steak, Peeled . . . . . . . 61
1185D Loin, Bottom Sirloin Butt, Tri-Tip Steak, 1167D Round, Knuckle (Tip) Steak, Peeled,
Defatted (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
1173 Loin, Porterhouse Steak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 1167E Round, Knuckle (Tip), Center Steaks
1179 Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Bone In . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
1179A Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Bone In, 1167F Round, Knuckle (Tip), Side Steaks (IM) . . . . 62
Center-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 1169 Round, Top (Inside) Round Steak . . . . . . . . . 63
1180 Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . 65 1123 Short Rib, Bone In. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
1180A Loin, Strip Loin Steak, Boneless, 1114E Shoulder, Arm Steak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Center-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 1114D Shoulder, Top Blade Steak (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . 58
1174 Loin, T-Bone Steak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 1114F Shoulder Tender, Portioned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
1189 Loin, Tenderloin Steak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
1190 Loin, Tenderloin Steak, Side Muscle Off,
Defatted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
LAMB FOODSERVICE CUTS
1190A Loin, Tenderloin Steak, Side Muscle Off,
Skinned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Item Product Name Page
1190B Loin, Tenderloin Steak, Side Muscle Off, 235 Back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Skinned, Center-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 236 Back, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
1189A Loin, Tenderloin Steak, Side Muscle On, 209 Breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Defatted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 200 Carcass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
1190C Loin, Tenderloin Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 200A Carcass, 3 Way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
1184 Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, 200B Carcass, Block-Ready. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 210 Foreshank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
1184B Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, Center-Cut, 296 Ground Lamb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Boneless (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 230 Hindsaddle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
1184F Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, Center-Cut, 229A Hindsaddle, Long-Cut, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . 85
Boneless, Seamed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 295A Lamb for Kabobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
1184A Loin, Top Sirloin Butt Steak, Semi 295 Lamb for Stewing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Center-Cut, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 234 Leg, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
1184D Loin, Top Sirloin Cap Steak, Boneless 234C Leg, Bottom, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
(IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 233F Leg, Hindshank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
1121D Plate, Inside Skirt Steak, Boneless (IM) . . . . 59 233G Leg, Hindshank, Heel On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
1121E Plate, Outside Skirt Steak, Skinned (IM) . . . 59 234E Leg, Inside, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
1103 Rib, Rib Steak, Bone In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 234D Leg, Outside, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
1103B Rib, Rib Steak, Bone In, Frenched . . . . . . . . . 56 234A Leg, Shank Off, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
1112C Rib, Ribeye (IM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 233D Leg, Shank Off, Semi-Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
1112D Rib, Ribeye Cap (IM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 234F Leg, Sirloin Tip, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

INDEX
Item Product Name Page VEAL FOODSERVICE CUTS
233E Leg, Steamship, 3/4, Aitch Bone
Removed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
233A Leg, Trotter Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 341 Back, Trimmed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
233C Leg, Trotter Off, Semi-Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . 88 389 Bones, Marrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
233 Legs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 388 Bones, Mixed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
232A Loin, Block-Ready, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 313 Breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
232D Loin, Short Tenderloin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 314 Breast with Pocket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
232C Loin, Single, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 300 Carcass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
231 Loins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 310C Chuck Tender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
232B Loins, Double, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 308 Chuck, 4 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
232 Loins, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 311 Chuck, Blade Portion, Neck Off,
204 Rack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
204A Rack, Chined. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 310 Chuck, Outside Shoulder, Boneless . . . . . . 114
204E Rack, Ribeye Roll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 310A Chuck, Shoulder Clod, Boneless . . . . . . . . . 115
204B Rack, Roast-Ready . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 310B Chuck, Shoulder Clod, Roast . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
204C Rack, Roast-Ready, Frenched . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 309 Chuck, Square-Cut, 4 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
204D Rack, Roast-Ready, Frenched, Special . . . . . 82 309B Chuck, Square-Cut, 4 Ribs,
209A Ribs, Breast Bones Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
206 Shoulder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 309D Chuck, Square-Cut, 4 Ribs, Neck Off,
208B Shoulder, Arm Out, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Boneless, Tied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
208C Shoulder, Inside Roll, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . 84 309G Chuck, Square-Cut, Clod Out,
207A Shoulder, Outside. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Boneless, Tied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
208A Shoulder, Outside, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 393 Flank, Flank Steak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
209B Shoulder, Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 304A Forequarter, 11 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
207 Shoulder, Square-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 304 Foresaddle, 11 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
208 Shoulder, Square-Cut, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . 83 312 Foreshank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
234G Sirloin, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 312A Foreshank, Center-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
246 Tenderloin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 396 Ground Veal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
330A Hindquarter, 2 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
330 Hindsaddle, 2 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
337 Hindshank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
LAMB PORTION CUTS 306A Hotel Rack, 6 Ribs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Item Product Name Page 306 Hotel Rack, 7 Ribs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
1200 Cubed Steaks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 306C Hotel Rack, Chop-Ready, 6 Ribs. . . . . . . . . . 112
1296 Ground Lamb Patties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 306E Hotel Rack, Chop-Ready, 6 Ribs,
1233E Leg, Center-Cut Chops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Frenched. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
1234A Leg, Cutlet, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 306B Hotel Rack, Chop-Ready, 7 Ribs. . . . . . . . . . 111
1232A Loin Chops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 306D Hotel Rack, Chop-Ready, 7 Ribs,
1232C Loin Chops, Single, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Frenched. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
1204B Rib Chops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 363B Leg, BHS, 3 Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
1204C Rib Chops, Frenched . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 335 Leg, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
1204F Rib Chops, Frenched, Fancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 350 Leg, Bottom (Gooseneck), Heel Out . . . . . 121
1204D Rib Chops, Frenched, Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 346 Leg, Butt Tenderloin, Defatted. . . . . . . . . . . 120
1207 Shoulder Chops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 346A Leg, Butt Tenderloin, Skinned . . . . . . . . . . . 120

INDEX
353 Leg, Eye of Round (Leg) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 1306C Rack, Rib Chops, Cap Off, 6 Rib . . . . . . . . . . 129
352A Leg, Hip, Cap Off, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 1306B Rack, Rib Chops, Cap Off, 7 Rib . . . . . . . . . . 129
351A Leg, Knuckle (Sirloin Tip), Cap Off, 1306E Rack, Rib Chops, Frenched, 6 Rib . . . . . . . . 129
Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 1306D Rack, Rib Chops, Frenched, 7 Rib . . . . . . . . 129
336 Leg, Shank Off, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 1396B Veal Patties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
363A Leg, TBS, 3 Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 1302 Veal Slices, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
363 Leg, TBS, 4 Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
349A Leg, Top Round, Cap Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
349 Leg, Top Round (Inside), Cap On. . . . . . . . . 120
334 Legs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
PORK FOODSERVICE CUTS
347 Loin, Short Tenderloin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Item Product Name Page
344 Loin, Strip Loin, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 408 Belly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
344A Loin, Strip Loin, Boneless, Skinned 409B Belly, Center-Cut, Skinless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
(Special). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 409A Belly, Single Ribbed, Skinless . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
331 Loins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 409 Belly, Skinless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
332A Loins, Block-Ready, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 416D Breast Bones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
332 Loins, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 400 Carcass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
307 Rack, Ribeye, Boneless, 7 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . 112 472 Caul Fat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
323 Short Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 408A Fat Back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
303 Side. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 496 Ground Pork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
308B Veal Chuck, Arm Chuck, 4 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . 113 401 Leg (Fresh Ham) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
395A Veal for Kabobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 402B Leg (Fresh Ham), Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
337A Veal Hindshank, Center Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 402C Leg (Fresh Ham), Boneless, Short
395 Veal for Stewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Shank, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
402F Leg (Fresh Ham), Inside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
402D Leg (Fresh Ham), Outside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
VEAL PORTION CUTS 402E Leg (Fresh Ham), Outside,Trimmed,
Shank Removed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Item Product Name Page 401C Leg (Fresh Ham), Semi-Boneless . . . . . . . . 141
1309 Chuck, Shoulder Arm Chops . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 401A Leg (Fresh Ham), Short Shank . . . . . . . . . . . 141
1309A Chuck, Shoulder Blade Chops . . . . . . . . . . . 130 402 Leg (Fresh Ham), Skinned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
1300 Cubed Steak, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 402A Leg (Fresh Ham), Skinned, Short
1301 Cubed Steak, Boneless, Special . . . . . . . . . . 128 Shank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
1336 Cutlets, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 402G Leg (Fresh Ham), TBS, 3-Way,
1396 Ground Veal Patties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
1396A Ground Veal and Vegetable Protein 417A Leg (Fresh Ham) Hocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Product Patties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 401D Leg, Hind Shank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
1349A Leg, Top Round (Inside), Cap Off, 422 Loin, Back Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Cutlets, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 410 Loin, Bone In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
1332 Loin Chops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 411 Loin, Bone In, Bladeless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
1312 Osso Buco, Foreshank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 412 Loin, Bone In, Center-Cut, 8 Ribs. . . . . . . . . 151
1337 Osso Buco, Hindshank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 412A Loin, Bone In, Center-Cut, 8 Ribs,
1306A Rack, Rib Chops, 6 Rib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Chine Bone Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
1306 Rack, Rib Chops, 7 Rib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 412C Loin, Bone In, Center-Cut, 11 Ribs . . . . . . . 152

INDEX
Item Product Name Page PORK PORTION CUTS
412D Loin, Bone In, Center-Cut, 11 Ribs,
Chine Bone Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
413 Loin, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 1406 Boston Butt Steaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
412B Loin, Boneless, Center-Cut, 8 Ribs. . . . . . . . 152 1495 Coarse Chopped Pork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
412E Loin, Boneless, Center-Cut, 11 Ribs . . . . . . 153 1402 Cutlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
413A Loin, Boneless, Roast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 1496 Ground Pork Patties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
413B Loin, Boneless, Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 1410 Loin Chops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
414 Loin, Canadian Back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 1411 Loin Chops, Bladeless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
412G Loin, Center-Cut, Rib End (Rack) . . . . . . . . . 153 1413 Loin Chops, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
423 Loin, Country-Style Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 1412 Loin Chops, Center-Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
413C Loin, Loin Eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 1412B Loin Chops, Center-Cut, Boneless . . . . . . . 170
410B Loin, Rib End, Bone In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 1412A Loin Chops, Center-Cut, Chine
424 Loin, Riblet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Bone Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
410A Loin, Sirloin End, Bone In. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 1412E Loin Chops, Center-Cut, One Muscle,
421 Neck Bones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
420 Pig’s Feet, Front. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 1410B Loin, End Chops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
435B Pork for Kabobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 1413B Loin, End Chops, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
400A Roasting Pig. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 1410A Loin, Rib Chops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
403 Shoulder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 1438A Sandwich Steaks, Flaked, Chopped,
406 Shoulder, Boston Butt, Bone In . . . . . . . . . . 147 Formed, and Wafer Sliced, Frozen . . . . . . . 171
406A Shoulder, Boston Butt, Boneless . . . . . . . . . 147 1407 Shoulder Butt Steaks, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . 167
406B Shoulder, Boston Butt, Boneless, 1400 Steak, Cubed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 1401 Steaks, Cubed, Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
403C Shoulder, Inside, Boneless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 1438 Steaks, Flaked and Formed, Frozen . . . . . . 171
403B Shoulder, Outside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
405C Shoulder, Pectoral Meat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
405 Shoulder, Picnic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 FURTHER PROCESSED/
405A Shoulder, Picnic, Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 BY-PRODUCTS
405B Shoulder, Picnic, Cushion, Boneless. . . . . . 146
404 Shoulder, Skinned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Item Product Name Page
407 Shoulder Butt, Cellar Trimmed, 538 Bacon, Slab, Center-Cut (Cured and
Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Smoked), Skinless, Formed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
417 Shoulder Hocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 539 Bacon, Sliced (Cured and Smoked),
416 Spareribs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Skinless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
416C Spareribs, Breast Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 540 Bacon, Sliced, Fully Cooked (Cured and
416B Spareribs, Brisket Bones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Smoked), Skinless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
416A Spareribs, St. Louis Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 625 Beef Brisket, Boneless, Deckle Off,
415 Tenderloin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Corned,
415A Tenderloin, Side Muscle Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
418 Trimmings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 612 Beef Fajita Strips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

INDEX
1739 Beef Honeycomb Tripe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 550 Canadian Style Bacon (Cured and
1724 Beef Liver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Smoked), Unsliced. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
1724 Beef Liver, Style 17, Skinned. . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 825 Canned Luncheon Meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
1724 Beef Liver, Style 17, Skinned, PSO B, 827 Capacollo, Cooked. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Sliced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 808 Dry Salami . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
1724 Beef Liver, Style 17, Skinned, PSO C, 800 Frankfurters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Portion Cut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 829 Genoa Salami . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
1740 Beef Mountain Chain Tripe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 508 Ham, Boiled, Boneless (Cured),
608 Beef Outside Round, Corned (Flat) . . . . . . 191 Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
624 Beef Outside Round, Fully Cooked . . . . . . 193 505 Ham, Boneless, (Cured and Smoked),
1791 Beef Oxtail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
1737 Beef Paunch (Tripe), PSO H, Scalded 509 Ham, Boneless (Cured and Smoked),
& Bleached . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Fully Cooked, Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
611 Beef Pastrami . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 511 Ham, Chunked and Formed (Cured),
630 Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll, Fully Cooked . . . . . . 194 Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
630A Beef Rib, Ribeye Roll, Lip-On, 511A Ham, Chunked and Formed (Cured and
Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Smoked), Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
608A Beef Round, Eye of Round, Corned . . . . . . 191 512A Ham, Diced, (Cured and Smoked) . . . . . . . 181
624A Beef Round, Eye of Round, Fully 510 Ham, Honey-Cured (Smoked),
Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Partially Boned, Spiral Cut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
614 Beef Tongue, Cured and Smoked, 503 Ham, Short Shank, Skinned (Cured
Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 and Smoked), Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
613 Beef Tongue, Cured, Trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . 192 501 Ham, Short Shank (Cured and
1710 Beef Tongue, Style 06, Swiss Cut. . . . . . . . . 198 Smoked) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
604A Beef Top (Inside) Round, Cap Off, 1531 Ham Steaks (Cured and Smoked),
Corned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
623A Beef Top (Inside) Round, Cap Off, 820 Head Cheese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 561 Hocks, Shoulder (Cured and Smoked) . . . 185
604 Beef Top (Inside) Round, Corned . . . . . . . . 190 818 Italian Sausage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
623 Beef Top (Inside) Round, Fully 816 Knockwurst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 803 Liver Sausage (Braunschweiger) . . . . . . . . 207
801 Bologna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 815 Meat Food Product Loaves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
822 Bratwurst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 814 Meat Loaves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
822A Bratwurst Patty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 805 Minced Luncheon Meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
810 Breakfast Sausage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 830 Mortadella . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
817 Breakfast Sausage, Cooked. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 812 New England Brand Sausage . . . . . . . . . . . 209
601 Brisket, Boneless, Deckle-Off, 821 Pepperoni. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Corned. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 813 Polish Sausage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
550A Canadian Style Bacon (Cured and 547A Pork Center Loin (Cured and Smoked),
Smoked), Sliced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 Boneless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

INDEX
547 Pork Center Loin, 11 Ribs (Cured P1014 Broiler Breast Half with Ribs. . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
and Smoked) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 P1015 Broiler Breast Half without Ribs . . . . . . . . . 228
1548 Pork Chops, Boneless, Center-Cut, P1010 Broiler Breast Quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
(Cured and Smoked). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 P1011 Broiler Breast Quarter without
1547 Pork Loin Chops, Center-Cut, Wing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
(Cured and Smoked). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 P1012 Broiler Breast with Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
824 Pork Rib Shape Patty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 P1013 Broiler Breast without Ribs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
802 Pork Sausage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 P1035 Broiler Drumstick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
802B Pork Sausage, Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 P1047 Broiler Feet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
802A Pork Sausage Patties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 P1043 Broiler Giblets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
530 Pork Shoulder Butt, Cellar Trimmed, P1044 Broiler Gizzard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Boneless (Cured and Smoked) . . . . . . . . . . 181 P1008 Broiler Halves (Half Carcass). . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
559A Pork Spareribs, Fully Cooked, P1052 Broiler Heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
St. Louis Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 P1031 Broiler Leg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
804 Salami, Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 P1030 Broiler Leg Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
619 Sliced Dried Beef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 P1045 Broiler Liver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
618 Sliced Processed Dried Beef. . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 P1042 Broiler Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
811 Smoked Sausage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 P1048 Broiler Paws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
558 Spareribs, Fully Cooked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 P1009 Broiler Quarters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
828 Summer Sausage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 P1033 Broiler Thigh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
807 Thuringer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 P1034 Broiler Thigh with Back Portion . . . . . . . . . 229
3701 Veal Brains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 P1036 Broiler Wing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
3723 Veal Heart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 P1037 Broiler Wing Drummette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
3728 Veal Kidney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 P1038 Broiler Wing Flat (Mid Joint) . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
3724 Veal Liver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 P1040 Broiler Wing Portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
P1039 Broiler Wingtip (Tip or Flipper) . . . . . . . . . . 230
3724 Veal Liver, Style 17, PSO B, Sliced . . . . . . . . 202
P1000 Broiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
3724 Veal Liver, Style 17, PSO C,
P1003 Broiler—Front Half . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Portion Cut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
P1004 Broiler—Lower Portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
3722 Veal Sweetbreads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
P1200 Capon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
3791 Veal Tail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
P1005 Eight (8)-Piece Cut Broiler—WOG . . . . . . . 225
3710 Veal Tongue, Style 06, Swiss Cut . . . . . . . . . 200
P1300 Fowl (Stewing Hen or Baking Hen) . . . . . . 224
P1006 Nine (9)-Piece Cut Broiler—WOG. . . . . . . . 226
P1400 Poussin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
POULTRY P1100 Roaster or Roasting Chicken . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
P1500 Rock Cornish Game Hen or
Chicken
Cornish Game Hen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Item Product Name Page P1007 Ten (10)-Piece Cut Broiler—WOG . . . . . . . 226
P1016 Broiler Airline Breast, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 P1001 Whole Broiler with Giblets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
P1041 Broiler Back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 P1002 Whole Broiler without Giblets (WOG) . . . 225
P1049 Broiler Bones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 Whole Broiler—Cut Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

INDEX
Turkey Item Product Name Page
Item Product Name Page P3009 Duckling Quarters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
P2051 Testicles (Fries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 P3033 Duckling Thigh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
P2042 Turkey Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 P3050 Duckling Tongue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
P2001 Whole Young Turkey—Cut Up . . . . . . . . . . 237 P3012 Duckling Whole Breast with Ribs . . . . . . . . 248
Whole Young Turkey with Giblets . . . . . . . 237 P3013 Duckling Whole Breast without
P2014 Young Turkey Breast Half with Ribs. . . . . . 238 Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
P2015 Young Turkey Breast Half without P3036 Duckling Whole Wing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 P3200 Mature Duck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
P2010 Young Turkey Breast Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . 238 P3100 Roaster Duckling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
P2011 Young Turkey Breast Quarter P3032 Semi-Boneless Duckling Leg . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
without Wing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 P3001 Whole Ducklings with Giblets. . . . . . . . . . . 247
P2035 Young Turkey Drumstick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 P3002 Whole Ducklings without Giblets
P2003 Young Turkey Front Half . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 (WOG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
P2043 Young Turkey Giblets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Whole Ducklings—Cut Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
P2008 Young Turkey Halves (Half Carcass). . . . . . 238
P2031 Young Turkey Leg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Goose
P2030 Young Turkey Leg Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Item Product Name Page
P2033 Young Turkey Thigh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 P4014 Goose Breast Half with Ribs. . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
P2012 Young Turkey Whole Breast with P4015 Goose Breast Half without Ribs . . . . . . . . . 254
Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 P4010 Goose Breast Quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
P2013 Young Turkey Whole Breast P4011 Goose Breast Quarter without
without Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 Wing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
P2000 Young Turkey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
P4035 Goose Drumstick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
P2036 Young Turkey Whole Wing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
P4043 Goose Giblets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
P4008 Goose Halves (Half Carcass). . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Duck P4031 Goose Leg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Item Product Name Page P4030 Goose Leg Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
P3046 Duck Foie Gras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 P4045 Goose Liver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
P3000 Duckling Broiler/Fryer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 P4009 Goose Quarters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
P3014 Duckling Breast Half with Ribs . . . . . . . . . . 249 P4033 Goose Thigh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
P3015 Duckling Breast Half without Ribs. . . . . . . 249 P4012 Goose Whole Breast with Ribs . . . . . . . . . . 254
P3010 Duckling Breast Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 P4013 Goose Whole Breast without
P3011 Duckling Breast Quarter without Ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Wing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 P4036 Goose Wing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
P3035 Duckling Drumstick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 P4003 Goose—Front Half . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
P3008 Duckling Halves (Half Carcass) . . . . . . . . . . 247 P4004 Goose—Lower Portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
P3031 Duckling Leg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 P4100 Mature Goose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
P3030 Duckling Leg Quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 P4001 Whole Goose with Giblets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
P3045 Duckling Liver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 Goose, Cut Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
P3048 Duckling Paws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 P4000 Young Goose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

INDEX
Game Birds Item Product Name Page
Item Product Name Page Quail specialty items:
P7300 Baby Pheasant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Semi-Boneless (European Style) Quail . . . 261
P7500 Chukar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 Boneless Quail Breast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
P6000 Squab (Young Pigeon). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
P7400 Common or Grey Partridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
P6016 Squab Airline Breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
P5016 Guinea Fowl Airline Breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
P7202 Whole Pheasant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
P5030 Guinea Fowl Leg Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
P7001 Whole Quail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
P7400 Partridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 P6001 Whole Squab (Young Pigeon) with
P7100 Pharoah Quail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Giblets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
P7200 Pheasant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 P5001 Whole Young Guinea Fowl with
P7316 Pheasant Airline Breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 Giblets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
P7000 Quail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 P5000 Young Guinea Fowl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

40_747211_bob.qxp 1/9/06 3:22 PM Page 304
Success in the Meat Processing Industry

Can Be Found Here.
Who is NAMP?
Founded in 1942, we are an international member-driven association of
progressive meat processors, distributors and center-of-the-plate specialists selling pri-
marily to the foodservice industry. NAMP provides exceptional value through high-caliber support
programs and governmental representation to help ensure our members’ success in the industry.
THE BENEFITS OF MEMBERSHIP

• A subscription to NAMP’s weekly NewsFax WEInvite
We INVITE
YouYOU
• A voice in the rulemaking process — NAMP represents your best TO JOIN
to Join.
interests to government — USDA, FSIS and AMS
• A relaxed learning environment at two major meetings a year To apply, go to
• Instant help from other members through the “Bull Session” email www.namp.com
listserve
• Unlimited free access to HACCP and scientific help from our
Ph.D.-level consultants
• A cross-referenced Membership Directory for networking and enriching your business prospects
• Exclusive technical/educational info on NAMP’s Members Only
section at www.namp.com
• An unparalleled opportunity to learn, network, enrich your business prospects and benefit from
other member companies’ experience...
A L S O AVA I L A B L E !
• FO O D S E RV I C E M E AT C H A RT S •
• BEEF • CHICKEN Notebook size
• LAMB • TURKEY set of 8 (8.5 inches x 11 inches) ISBN: 0-470-03897-7
• VEAL • DUCK Poster size
• PORK • GAMEBIRDS set of 8 (24 inches x 36 inches) ISBN: 0-470-03898-5
North American Meat Processors Association

1910 Association Drive — Reston, VA 20191 — 703-758-1900 — www.namp.com

NAMP Meat Buyers Guide - Beef Only

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

NAMP Meat Buyers Guide - Beef Only

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

NAMP Meat Buyers Guide - Beef Only

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

What is the book about?

What is the book about?

What organization published the book?

What organization published the book?

01_747211_ffirs.

qxp 12/1/05 4:32 PM Page iii

1910 Association Drive

JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.

1910 Association Drive

JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.

This book is printed on acid-free paper. o

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

Published simultaneously in Canada.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Printed in Hong Kong

How to Use Your Meat Buyer’s Guide xxviii

The Meat Buyer’s Guide v

vi The Meat Buyer’s Guide

Game Birds 257

The Meat Buyer’s Guide vii

It is in this spirit that the North North American Meat

The Meat Buyer’s Guide ix

NEW TO THIS EDITION

x The Meat Buyer’s Guide

The Meat Buyer’s Guide xi

This latest edition of The Guide

Johnson & Wales University

National Cattlemen’s Beef

National Chicken Council

xii The Meat Buyer’s Guide

National Pork Board

National Poultry & Food Distributors

National Restaurant Association

National Turkey Federation

USA Poultry & Egg Export Council

U.S. Meat Export Federation

The Meat Buyer’s Guide xiii

xiv The Meat Buyer’s Guide

The Meat Buyer’s Guide xv

*Product temperature should be maintained below 45°F.

xvi The Meat Buyer’s Guide

THE NAMPOMETER FOR POULTRY

*For additional information see pg. xxiii.

The Meat Buyer’s Guide xvii

HACCP: HAZARD ANALYSIS CRITICAL CONTROL POINT SYSTEM

Refrigerated meat should be stored at temperatures less than

FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE

You may also visit the FSIS website at www.fsis.usda.gov.

xviii The Meat Buyer’s Guide

Cutting, Trimming, and Boning

The Meat Buyer’s Guide xix

FIGURE 1 BRIDGING AND PLANING

xx The Meat Buyer’s Guide

Whenever a fat limitation of either Peeled/Denuded or Peeled/Denuded, Surface

The Meat Buyer’s Guide xxi

Chop, Block-Ready, or Steak-Ready

Individual Muscle (IM)

xxii The Meat Buyer’s Guide

The purpose of the following requirements is to provide a

Packaging and Packing