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    Carnot Cycle

    Uploaded by

    MauHernandez
    The document discusses reversible Carnot cycles and how they can be used to maximize efficiency. It explains that a reversible Carnot cycle involves four processes - two reversible isothermal expansions and two reversible adiabatic expansions. This allows heat to be absorbed from a low temperature reservoir and rejected to a high temperature reservoir, with net work performed. The cycle can also be run in reverse to act as a reversible Carnot refrigerator. It introduces the concept of Carnot efficiency as the maximum possible efficiency between two thermal reservoirs.

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    Carnot Cycle

    Uploaded by

    MauHernandez
    54 views4 pages
    The document discusses reversible Carnot cycles and how they can be used to maximize efficiency. It explains that a reversible Carnot cycle involves four processes - two reversible isothermal expansions and two reversible adiabatic expansions. This allows heat to be absorbed from a low temperature reservoir and rejected to a high temperature reservoir, with net work performed. The cycle can also be run in reverse to act as a reversible Carnot refrigerator. It introduces the concept of Carnot efficiency as the maximum possible efficiency between two thermal reservoirs.

    Original Description:

    Resumen del Ciclo de Carnot

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    The document discusses reversible Carnot cycles and how they can be used to maximize efficiency. It explains that a reversible Carnot cycle involves four processes - two reversible isothermal expansions and two reversible adiabatic expansions. This allows heat to be absorbed from a low temperature reservoir and rejected to a high temperature reservoir, with net work performed. The cycle can also be run in reverse to act as a reversible Carnot refrigerator. It introduces the concept of Carnot efficiency as the maximum possible efficiency between two thermal reservoirs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    54 views4 pages

    Carnot Cycle

    Uploaded by

    MauHernandez
    The document discusses reversible Carnot cycles and how they can be used to maximize efficiency. It explains that a reversible Carnot cycle involves four processes - two reversible isothermal expansions and two reversible adiabatic expansions. This allows heat to be absorbed from a low temperature reservoir and rejected to a high temperature reservoir, with net work performed. The cycle can also be run in reverse to act as a reversible Carnot refrigerator. It introduces the concept of Carnot efficiency as the maximum possible efficiency between two thermal reservoirs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    The efficiency of the cycle of a thermal machine depends largely on how it is

    executed each of the processes that constitute the cycle. Net work and, for
    Therefore, cycle efficiency can be maximized through processes that they require
    the minimum amount of work and deliver as much as possible, that is, through
    reversible processes.

    Reversible isothermal expansion (process 1-2, constant TH). Initially (state 1),
    the gas temperature is TH and the cylinder head is in close contact with a TH
    temperature source. It allows the gas expand slowly and perform work on the
    surroundings. When the gas expands its temperature tends to decrease, but as
    soon as the temperature decreases by an infinitesimal amount dT, a certain
    amount of heat is transferred from the reservoir to the gas, so that the
    temperature from this it rises to TH.

    Expansión adiabática reversible (proceso 2-3, la temperatura disminuye de TH a


    TL). En el estado 2, el depósito que estuvo en contacto con la cabeza del cilindro
    se elimina y se reemplaza por aislamiento para que el sistema se vuelva
    adiabático.

    Reversible isothermal compression (process 3-4, constant TL). At state 3, the


    insulation of the head of the cylinder is removed and placed on it in contact with
    a drain at TL temperature. After an external force pushes the cylinder inward, so
    work is done on the gas.

    Reversible adiabatic compression (process 4-1, temperature rises from TL to


    TH). State 4 is such that when the low temperature reservoir is removed, the
    insulation is placed again on the head of the cylinder and compresses the gas
    reversibly, then the gas returns to its state initial (state 1).

    Reverse Carnot cycle

    The cycle of the Carnot thermal machine just described is completely reversible,
    therefore all the processes it covers can be reversed, in which case becomes the
    Carnot refrigeration cycle. This time, the cycle is exactly the same except that the
    directions of the interactions of heat and work are reversed: the heat in the
    amount QL is absorbed from a deposit at low temperature, the heat in the quantity
    QH is rejected towards a deposit at high temperature, and a quantity of work is
    required Wneto, entry to complete all this.

    The second law of thermodynamics restricts the operation of devices cyclicals as


    expressed by the Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements. A thermal machine can
    not operate exchanging heat with a single deposit, and a refrigerator can not work
    without a net energy input from an external source.

    A temperature scale that is independent of the properties of the


    substances used to measure temperature is called thermodynamic scale
    of temperature, which offers great advantages in calculations
    thermodynamics, and its derivation is given below by means of some
    reversible thermal machines

    The quantities of heat rejected by machines B and C must be the same


    because machines A and B can be combined in another reversible that
    operates between the same deposits in which machine C does, therefore the
    combined machine will have the same efficiency of the machine C. As the heat
    input to machine C is the same as the heat input to the combined A and B, both
    systems must reject the same amount of heat.
    The hypothetical thermal machine that operates in the reversible Carnot cycle It
    is called the Carnot thermal machine. The thermal efficiency of any Thermal
    machine, reversible or irreversible, is determined by the equation

    This relationship is called Carnot efficiency because the thermal machine


    Carnot is the best known reversible machine. This is the efficiency maximum
    that a thermal machine that operates between the two deposits can have
    Thermal energy sites at temperatures TL and TH

    A refrigerator or a heat pump, which operates in the reverse cycle of Carnot, It


    is called Carnot cooler or Carnot heat pump. The coefficient of performance of
    any refrigerator or heat pump, reversible or irreversible, is expressed by the
    equations

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