New Text Document

Coral Reefs The Ocean Portal by Smithsonian Institution.
Coral, The Reef & Marine Aquarium Magazine. ISSN 1556-5769 Coral Magazine
Book of Coral Propagation by Anthony Calfo. ISBN 0-9802365-0-9
Coral Reefs of the World by Susan Wells
Corals of the World: Biology and Field Guide by Surrey Redhill
Marine Biology, An Ecological Approach, 6th edition, Nybakken, J.W. 2004. ISBN 0-
8053-4582-5
Indo-Pacific Coral Reef Field Guide by Allen, G.R & R. Steene. 1994. ISBN 981-00-
5687-7
Coral Reef Animals of the Indo-Pacific, Animals Life from Africa to Hawai�i
(invertebrates) by Gosliner, T., D. Behrens & G. Williams. 1996. ISBN 0-930118-21-9
Tropical Pacific Invertebrates by Colin, P.L. & C. Arneson. 1995. ISBN 0-9645625-0-
2
Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific by Veron, J.E.N. 1993. ISBN 0-8248-1504-1
The Evolution of Reef Communities by Fagerstrom, J.A. 1987. ISBN 0-471-81528-4
A Reef Comes to Life. Creating an Undersea Exhibit by Segaloff, Nat, and Paul
Erickson. 1991. ISBN 0-531-10994-1
SeaWorld � Coral reef bibliographyCoralii sunt animale nevertebrate marine din
clasa Anthozoa, �ncrengatura Cnidaria. �n mod tipic ei vie?uiesc �n colonii
compacte formate dintr-o mul?ime de polipi. Polipii sunt uni?i �ntre ei prin canale
calcaroase. Dupa moartea lor, pe vechiul schelet calcaros se adauga altul. A?a se
formeaza recifele de corali. Orificiul buco-anal al fiecarui individ este
�nconjurat de 8 tentacule.
Scheletul calcaros al coralilor, numit �n rom�na margean, are o culoare cel mai
frecvent ro?ie sau alba. El este folosit de oameni, �n special pentru a ob?ine din
el obiecte de arta ?i de podoaba.
De-a lungul timpului, coralul a fost folosit ca podoaba �n confec?ionarea

bijuteriilor, �nsa aceasta practica amenin?a existen?a acestor animale.
Coralii sunt clasifica?i �n doua subclase, bazate pe Bali was inhabited around 2000
BC by Austronesian people who migrated originally from Southeast Asia and Oceania
through Maritime Southeast Asia.[16][17] Culturally and linguistically, the
Balinese are closely related to the people of the Indonesian archipelago, Malaysia,
the Philippines and Oceania.[17] Stone tools dating from this time have been found
near the village of Cekik in the island's west.[18][19]
In ancient Bali, nine Hindu sects existed, namely Pasupata, Bhairawa, Siwa
Shidanta, Waisnawa, Bodha, Brahma, Resi, Sora and Ganapatya. Each sect revered a
specific deity as its personal Godhead.[20]
Inscriptions from 896 and 911 do not mention a king, until 914, when Sri
Kesarivarma is mentioned. They also reveal an independent Bali, with a distinct
dialect, where Buddhism and Sivaism were practiced simultaneously. Mpu Sindok's
great-granddaughter, Mahendradatta (Gunapriyadharmapatni), married the Bali king
Udayana Warmadewa (Dharmodayanavarmadeva) around 989, giving birth to Airlangga
around 1001. This marriage also brought more Hinduism and Javanese culture to Bali.
Princess Sakalendukirana appeared in 1098. Suradhipa reigned from 1115 to 1119, and
Jayasakti from 1146 until 1150. Jayapangus appears on inscriptions between 1178 and
1181, while Adikuntiketana and his son Paramesvara in 1204.[21]:129,144,168,180
Balinese culture was strongly influenced by Indian, Chinese, and particularly Hindu
culture, beginning around the 1st century AD. The name Bali dwipa ("Bali island")
has been discovered from various inscriptions, including the Blanjong pillar
inscription written by Sri Kesari Warmadewa in 914 AD and mentioning Walidwipa. It
was during this time that the people developed their complex irrigation system
subak to grow rice in wet-field cultivation. Some religious and cultural traditions
still practiced today can be traced to this period.
The Hindu Majapahit Empire (1293�1520 AD) on eastern Java founded a Balinese colony
in 1343. The uncle of Hayam Wuruk is mentioned in the charters of 1384�86. A mass
Javanese immigration to Bali occurred in the next century when the Majapahit Empire
fell in 1520.[21]:234,240 Bali's government then became an independent collection
of Hindu kingdoms which led to a Balinese national identity and major enhancements
in culture, arts, and economy. The nation with various kingdoms became independent
for up to 386 years until 1906, when the Dutch subjugated and repulsed the natives
for economic control and took it over.[22]diferen?ele din simetria axiala. O clasa
con?ine animale coloniale, cu opt tentacule, fiecare av�nd un schelet intern.
Printre ele se gasesc ?i coralii bici, meduze ?i coralii ro?ii obi?nuiesc sa �l
faca sa sclipeasca. Membrii celorlalte subclase de obicei au ?ase tentacule, sau
multiplu de ?ase, dar ?i culorile difera. Ele includ coralii de st�nca sau coralii
adevara?i. O alta clasa din aceea?i categorie con?ine de asemenea forme de corali
care nu sunt clasifica?i �n ea.

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Coral Reefs The Ocean Portal by Smithsonian Institution.

De-a lungul timpului, coralul a fost folosit ca podoaba �n confec?ionarea

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