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MAINTENANCE MANUAL
Models PS/PR-7036
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 - General Inlormalion PAGE
Important Salety Notice ............... . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .... . ...... . .. . .. . .... ... ...... . .... . . . ............... ..... . .2
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Safety Precaulions .. . ...........................................................................................2
Axle Identilication ..... . . . ............... .. . . ..... . .................... . ...... ... . ............ . . . ................3
Gear Set Idenlification . . . . .... . .......... .. . . .. . ..... .. ... . ... •.... •• .. .... . ..... . ...•• • •• . ... . ... . . . .. .... .... . .3
Servicing Components not Covered in this Manual ..................••••••••...............•• • . •.....................4
Vehicle Siorage or Prolonged Inoperation .... . .... .. .... . . : .. . . .• •. • •• • • . .• .. .. . .... . ...• ••• . ... .. .. . . . . . . . . ..•. . . . .4
Submersion or Deep Water Fording ...............................•.•• • •••• • .............. • •.•....... . .... .. .. . ... .4
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Axle Lubricant Change Schedule ..... . .... . ..... . ................... .• _• • •...... .. ...... . .• •••............ .. . . ... .4
General Precautions for Assembly and Disassembly ............ . .......... . ............ .. ..... ..... .. ..... . ...... ... 5
SECTION 2 - Planetary Wheel End. Wheel End Brakes. Axle Shaft.
Sleering Knuckle. Steering Cylinder. and Tie Rod
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Illustrations
3.650 Drive Flange .......................... . ..... . . . ...... .. ... .. ... .. ...... . .................... . ... . .......7
Wheel End 3.650 Reduction ...................•••. . ..........•... . . •• • .•. ........ . ....• •• •• .. .•.. .. •... . . ..... 8
Wet Disc Brake Wheel End 3.650 Reduction ......... .. ................. __ .. .. ... . ......... . .... .. ......... .. ... .9
Tie Rod and Steering Cylinder Mounting . . ..... .. .. .. ...... . .. . .. . .... . .. ....... .... .. ... ....... .. .. . .......... .10
Axle Steering Joints ...... . . . . . ....................................... . .. . . ... . ......... . . . ... . ................ 11
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Wheel End Disc Brake .. ........ .. .... .. .. ... .. ..... ...... . . o' .. ... o' . . . . . . . . . ...
Removal of Planetary Drive Flange Assembly ..... . ...... . .. ............... . .. . .... . ........... .. ......... .... .....13
Disassembly of 3.650 Drive Flange .............. . .............. . . ... . . .................... ... . . . ........ ........ .14
..... .. .. ... 12
.... . . . . . . . . . . o' ...
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Disassembly of Wheel End Hub ... . ....... . .......... .. . • • .• •••...... . .... . . • .•• .• • ........ . ...•••• • • • •• • • •. ..... 15
Disassembly of Wet Disc Brake Wheel End ....... . ....... .. . ...................... . ..... . ....... ........... ... . ...16
Removal and Disassembly of Spindle and Axle Shaft. ... . ... ...... . . ... . ...... . .... .. ................. .. ............19
Removal of Steering Cylinder and Tie Rod Assemblies ...... ... .. .... . .. .. ... . ........ ..... ..... . ..... ...... . .. .... .20
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Disassembly of Steering Knuckles .... . .... . ....... . .. . ... .•. •• •. . • ... .. . ..... . .••• •••..... . .. . .. . .... • .•.•• .. ... .21
Assembly of Steering Knuckles ....................................... .. .........................................23
Installation ofTie Rod and Steering Cylinder Assemblies ... ........ . .. .. . . ....... . ... .. .... .. .... ... . . .. ...... .. . ... 24
Assembly and Installation of Axle Shaft and Spindle ..................•.••••••...........•••• • •• ... . ................25
Assembly of Wheel End Hub .......... . ... . . . ....... . . . .......... .... . .. .. ..... . . . . .. .. . . .. .. ... . . . ..... ... . ... .27
Assembly of Wet Disc Brake Wheel End.... . .. . ... . .. .. .. . . .. .... . .. ... ..... . ... ... ..... . .. .. .. .. . ..... . . . .. . ..... 28
Assembly of 3.650 Drive Flange ..........................• .• •• • •................ • • • ••.• ......... .. ... . . . .• • ......31
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Steering Cylinder Disassembly and Assembly . .... .. ... . ....... .... ... .... .. .. . . .. . . . ... ... ... .. ..... . .... ... . .. ...32
Disassembly and Assembly of Wheel End Disc Brake ... ...... . .......•• • .•• .•• ... . .... . ....•• • •....................34
SECTION 3 - Carrier Assembly. Limited Slip Differenlial Option.
Pinion Mounted Dry Disc Parking Brake Option
Illustration
~ Carrier Assembly ....................... .. ... . ................... . ...... .. ............. .. .... . .... . ....... ... 38
Removal of Carrier From Axle Housing .. . . . ..... . .... . . ... . . . . . ..... .. ... .... ... . . .... . .. ... ..... . .. .. . ... . . . . ....39
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Removal of Differential From Carrier ........ . ..••.. . .......... . ... . .... • • • . • . .. . ..... .. . • .•• .. •.. .. ...... . ....... .40
Differential Disassembly .................. . ..... . ..... . . . .... . .... . .................... ... ........ .. ....... . .. .. .41
~ Pinion Disassembly ................... .... .. ... ... .. .. . ... ...... .. . .... . ...... .. ..... .... ..... ..... .. .... . ... .. 43
Differential Assembly . ... . ............... . ....• •• .............. .. .....•.•• • • •...........••••................... .44
~ Pinion Position and Assembly ..................• . ...... ... . . ... . .......•••• • .••. .... ...•••.•••............. .. ... .46
Differential Installation ....... . ................ . ......... ... ..... .. ..... . .... .... ... ... . .... ... ..................49
~ Ring Gear and Pinion Toolh Contact Pattern . ... ... . . .. .... ........ .. ... . .... ... .. .. . ... .. .... .. .. ...... .. ... .. . . .. 50
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Installation of Carrier Assembly Into Axle Housing ..... . . ... . .. . .. . .. . ....... .. .. .. . .. . ..... .. .. . . ... . ......... . . . . .53
~ Pinion Mounted Dry Disc Parking Brake ..................... . ............................................ .. .......53
Parking Brake - Removal/Installation ................•..... .. .... . .. . ..... • .• • • •• . . ..........••.•• . •••. . . . .... .. . .54
'" Parking Brake - Disassembly/Assembly ... . .... . ..... ... ............ . ....... .. . . . . ...... .... .. .. ... . .. . . .. .. .. ... 55
Parking Brake - BleedinglTrouble Shooting .... . ••• . ............ . ..........• • •• • ........ . ... . • •• ............... . .. 56
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• Inspection and Failure Analysis ... . ..... . . . . . . .... .... . .... . . ..... ..... ... .. . ... ......... .... . ... . . .. .. . ... .... . .57
SECTION 4 - Specifications
Spicer Axle Lubricant Recommendations . . ... . .... .. ....... .. .... ... . . ..... ... ....... . .. . ... .. .. .. . . ........ . .. ... 59
Fastener Strength Identification .... . .... . ...... . .. .... ........... .. .. . . .. .. ... ............. . ........ ...... ... . .. .60
Wrench Tightening Torque Specifications .......... . ..................... .. ..... .. . ........... ... ........... . ......60
Bearing Preload Specifications . ... .... . .... .. ... . ••. .... .. ... .... . .... . ... • . • •• .. .........•• • •• •. . ••.• . • . ........ 60
Drive Pinion Ring Gear Backlash Specification .....• • • ••......... . . . .......... .• •• . ............ • , ••••••• • • • • .......60
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SECTION 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICE
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Should an axle assembly require component parts replacement, it is recommended that "Original Equipment"
replacement parts be used. They may be obtained through your local service dealer or other original equipment
manufacturer parts supplier. CAUTION: THE USE OF NON-ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT PARTS IS
NOT RECOMMENDED AS THEIR USE MAY CAUSE ·UNIT FAILURE AND/OR AFFECT VEHICLE SAFETY.
Proper service and repair is important to the safe, reliable operation of all motor vehicles or driving axles whether
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they be front or rear. The service procedures recommended and described in this service manual are effective
methods for performing service operations. Some of these service operations require the use of tools specially
designed for the purpose. The special tool should be used when and as recommended.
CAUTION: EXTREME CARE SHOULD BE EXERCISED WHEN WORKING ON COMPONENTS UTILIZING
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SNAP RINGS OR SPRING LOADED RETENTION DEVICES. FOR PERSONAL SAFETY, IT IS RECOMMENDED
THAT INDUSTRIAL STRENGTH SAFETY GOGGLES OR GLASSES BE WORN WHENEVER REPAIR WORK
IS BEING DONE ON ANY VEHICLE OR VEHICLE COMPONENTS.
It is impossible to know, evaluate and advise the service trade of all conceivable ways in which service might be
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done or of the possible hazardous consequences of each way. Accordingly, anyone who uses a service procedure
or tool which is not recommended must first satisfy himself thoroughly that neither his safety or vehicle safety will
be jeopardized by the service methods he selects.
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- - - - - - - - -- - WARNING - - - - -- - - --
Some vehicle manufacturers may require the assembly of brake components on Dana axles that utlfize
materials containing asbestos fibers.
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BREATHING ASBESTOS DUST MAY BE HAZARDOUS TO YOUR HEALTH AND MAY CAUSE SERIOUS
RESPIRATORY OR OTHER BODILY HARM.
Follow O.S.H.A. standards for proper protective devices to be used when working with asbestos materials.
SILICONE RUBBER SEALANT (RTVl AND LUBRICATING GREASE AND OILS f
Silicone rubber sealant is used as a gasket material on some Dana axles, as well as various lubricants and
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other materials. Before using any of these materials, one should become familiar with and follow all safety
precautions as recommended by the product manufacturer/supplier. All personnel involved with these
materials should follow good industrial hygiene practices (e.g. before eating, hand and face should be 4
thoroughly washed. Eating, drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where there is potential C
for significant exposure to these materials~
When discarding any of the materials, observe all local, state, and federal laws and regulations for proper
disposal procedures.
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Safety Precautions
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• if you assemble components

improperly
A ThiS symbol warns of possible personal

Injury.
• if you use incompatible components
• if you use worn-out or damaged
components
• if you use components in a non-
.
approved application
A serious or fatal injury can occur . . .
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if you lack proper training SAFETY GLASSES SHOULD BE WORN
• if you fail to follow proper procedures
• if you do not use proper tools and
safety equipment
A AT ALL TIMES WHEN WORKING ON
VEHICLES OR VEHICLE
COMPONENTS.
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Axle Identification
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PLYMOUTH, MINNESOTA
SPICER U.S.A. The identification tag located on the rear of the axle
housing contains the axle assembly number, the serial
I 070BPOOO-0 IIPIN I \ number and the build date. It is recommended when
I 7036-oooooo=:] ~ ' referring to components of Ihe axle assembly that all
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the information recorded on this tag be obtained to aid
I 12-12-88 IIDATEI in the correct identification.
o L-______-====~==--.t. 0
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'" Gear Set Identification
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Manufacturer's date-date gear set was made.
Dana-Dana name-and location of manufacturing.
572199C91-part number of ring gear.
(Typical)
Tooth combination (i.e. 37-6}-indicates the pinion
has 6 teeth and the ring gear 37 teeth which results in
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a 6.17:1 ratio.
Matched set number-8picer ring and pinions are
manufactured as a matched set. Both pieces are
marked with a corresponding number (Le. 268) which
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indentifies them as a matched set.

A gear set that does not have the same matching
numbers should not be run together. If either a ring
gear or pinion require replacement they must be
replaced as a matched set.
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PART
NUMBER
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MFG.
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If/!
• BACKLASH
ETCHED
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Servicing Components Not Covered In This Manual
Service procedures for some components may not be covered in this manual because they are unique to the
vehicle application. Refer to the vehicle manufacturer's service manual for servicing those components.
Vehicle Storage Or Prolonged Inoperation
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If the vehicle has not been operated on a regular daily basis, it is recommended that the vehicle be operated at
least once every two weeks. The vehicle should be moved far enough to cause the drivetrain components to make
several complete revolutions. This procedure will help assure that all internal components receive adequate
amount of lubrication to help reduce component deterioration caused by an undesirable environment (e.g. high
humidity).
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Submersion Or Deep Water Fording
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If the vehicle is exposed to water deep enough to cover the hubs, it is recommended that the wheel ends be
disassembled and inspected for water damage and/or contamination.
In the event the carrier housing should become submerged in water, particularly if over the breather, it is
recommended that the hypoid gear lubricant be drained and internal parts be inspected for water damage and/or
contamination.
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Clean, examine, and replace damaged parts if necessary, prior to assembling and refilling with the specified
lubricants.
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NOTE: If the hubs are exposed to deep water, It is possible on steering axles that the water could enter the
carrier at the point the inner axle shaft enters the axle housing. This could also necessitate the draining of
the hypoid lubricant as described above.
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It is recommended that whenever bearings are removed, they be replaced with new ones, regardless of
mileage.
Axle Lubricant Change Schedule

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The following schedule is a suggested lubricant change schedule. Lubricant in your vehicle may require more
frequent changes depending on the environment in which it is operated. Contact your local authorized service
dealer or refer to your owner's manual for obtaining the proper lubricant change schedule for your vehicle.
BREAK IN AFTER OVERHAUL

After 100 hours of operation, Ihe lubricant should be When refilling the axle assembly or planetary hub
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drained and replaced with fresh lubricant to the assembly after it has been disassembled for service,
correct level and of the type specified. the lubricant should be filled to the bottom of the fill
hole located in the bowl of the axle housing or the
SERVICE planetary drive flange. After 24 hours of operation
It is recommended that the lubricant be changed at recheck the lubricant level and bring it up to the
bottom of the fill hole again, if necessary. This
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2000 hours of operation. When yearly usage is less

than 4000 hours, the lubricant should be changed procedure is recommended to replenish the small
twice yearly. amount of lubricant that is retained in the differential
support case or planetary gearing during initial
operation of the axle immediately following an
overhaul.
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General Precautions for Assembly and
Disassembly
IMPORTANT
READ THIS SECTION BEFORE STARTING THE
DETAILED ASSEMBLY OR DISASSEMBLY
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PROCEDURES.
USE ONLY GENUINE REPLACEMENT PARTS FOR END YOKES AND FLANGES
SATISFACTORY SERVICE. CAUTION: Hammering on end yokes or flanges to
remove or install them is not only destructive to
NOTE: The photos or pictures contained herein are the yoke or flange itself, but can also cause
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for illustrative and instructional purposes only. The serious internal damage. Hammering on end
appearance of your axle assembly and/or yokes can close in the bearing bores or misalign
components may vary from that shown. However, yoke lugs and result in early failures of journal
the service procedures described will apply. needle bearings or other drivellne components.
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If it becomes necessary to disassemble any parts Serious damage can also be done internally to the
inside the carrier, it is suggested that the entire axle ring and pinion set or pinion bearings by
be removed from the vehicle and held tight in a hammering on external parts. End yokes or
stand or rack. flanges should be removed or installed using a
recommended method such as that described
All dimensions are in inches unless otherwise
stated.
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herein.
BEARINGS
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WARNING: When removing axle assembly, Use suitable pullers for bearing removal. Clean,
A make sure vehicle is properly supported.

Improperly supported vehicle can cause
inspect, and lubricate all'bearings just prior to
reassembly.
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serious injury or death. Follow vehicle NOTE: It is recommended that whenever bearings
manufacturers recommendations for proper are removed, they are (regardless of mileage) to
axle assembly removal procedures. be replaced with new ones.
NOTE: If replacement of a damaged bearing cup or
cone is necessary, the cup and cone must be
replaced as a set.
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Safety Glasses should be worn

OIL OR GREASE SEALS
at all times when Whenever it becomes necessary to remove an oil or
assembling or disassembling. grease seal to gain access to an adjacent component
for replacement or repair, that seal is to be discarded
because of possible damage.
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CLEANLINESS CLEANING
The axle assembly should be steam cleaned prior to Parts with machined or ground surfaces such as
disassembly. Seal all openings before steam cleaning gears, bearings, and shafts should be cleaned with
to prevent entry of dirt and water which can damage emulsion cleaners or petroleum based cleaners.
serviceable parts. Steam cleaning of internal components and the
Thoroughly clean all parts just prior to assembly. interior of the planetary hub and axle housing is not
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recommended. Water can cause corrosion of critical

REBUILD FACILITIES parts. Rust contamination in the lubricant can cause
If the axle assembly is removed from the vehicle, it gear and bearing failure.
must be safely supported at three points on the Clean all surfaces of old gasket malerial.
housing. If the axle is to remain in the vehicle, use the
OEM recommended support method. DRYING
A suitable holding fixture should be used rebuilding Use clean lintless towels to dry components after
the carrier assembly. A lifting device should be used to cleaning . DO NOT dry bearings by spinning with
relocate the carrier assembly and to install or remove compressed air. This can damage mating surfaces
the ring gear and support case assembly. due to lack of lubrication.
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After drying, components should be lightly coated with • Worn or scored planet gear or differential pinion
oil or rust preventive to protect them from corrosion. If gear shafts.
components are to be stored for a prolonged period • Axle shafts or worn splines, bends, cracks, or for
they shou ld be wrapped in wax paper. torsional fractures or other indications of
impending failure.
INSPECTION
Prior to reassembly, inspect parts for signs of wear • BOLTS: Make sure all bolts are torqued to the
or damage. recommended specifications.
Bearing surfaces should be inspected for pitting, wear, • LUBRICATION: Coat bearings, seals, and splines
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or overheating. with lubricant to provide initial lubrication and prevent
Inspect, all bearings, cups, and cones, and replace if damage during assembly.
worn, pitted or damaged. When replacing bearings, • BEARINGS: Bearing drivers which apply equal
use a suitable puller or pressing fixture to remove forces to both races of the bearing are recommended.
them. Avoid using drifts and hammers which may If another type of driver is used, it is important that the
mutilate or distort component parts. driving force not be transmitted through the rollers.
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Inspect planetary and carrier components for wear or
damage. Replace if the following conditions are found. USE A PRESS WHERE POSSIBLE WHEN
• Worn, chipped , pitted or scored gears. ASSEMBLING COMPONENT PARTS WHICH
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• Worn, pitted, or scored thrust washers. REQUIRE AN INTERFERENCE FIT.
Dana Corporation, Spicer Off- Highway Axle

Division, reserves the right to make changes from
time to time, without notice or obligations, in
E specifications, descriptions, and illustrations, and

to discontinue models or revise designs_
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SECTION 2
Planetary Wheel End, Wheel End Brakes,
Axle Shaft, Steering Knuckle Steering Cylinder,
Tie Rod
3.650 Drive Flange
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1 Caps crew-Self Locking Flange Mounting

2 Pipe Plug or Vent
3 Recessed Drive Pipe Plug (Magnetic)
4 Planetary Drive Flange
5 Planetary Gear Shaft
6 Roll Pin
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7 Drive Flange Washer (Thrust Washer)

8 Flat Spacer (Thrust Washer)
9 Needle Roller Bearing
10 Spacer Ring-Bearing
11 Planetary Spur Gear
12 Plate-Lining Stop (Wheel End Wet Disc Brake Use
Only)
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Wheel End 3.65 Reduction
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1 Snap Ring
6 2 Sun Spur Gear
3 Flat Spacer
4 Planetary Ring Gear
5 Roll Pin
6 Lock Nut
4 7 Bearing Cone (Outer)
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8 Bearing Cup (Outer)

9 Wheel Mounting Nut
10 Planetary Hub
11 Wheel Mounting Bolt
1 12 Bearing Cup (Inner)
13 Hub Slinger (For Axles Without
Wheel End Brakes Only)
14 Bearing Cone Inner
15 Oil Seaf-Hub
16 Spindle
17 Bushing-Outer Shaft
18 Oil Seaf-Outer Shaft
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Wet Disc Brake Wheel End 3.65 Reduction
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1 Snap Ring 16 Bearing Cup (Outer)

2 Sun Spur Gear 17 Planetary Hub
3 Disc Assembly-Friction 16 Wheel Mounting Nut
4 Plate-Stalionary 19 Wheel Mounting Bolt
5 Piston 20 Bearing Cup (Inner)
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6 O-Ring 21 Bearing Cone (Inner)

7 O-Ring 22 Oil Seaf-Hub 1
8 Capscrew-12 Point 23 Deflector-Hub Oil Seal
9 Retainer-Bearing Adjusting 24 Fitting Brake Inlet
10 Tube-Brake Bleeding 25 Spindle
11 O-Ring 26 Guard-Fitting/Bleeder
12 Shim-Adjusling (.010, .011, .012, .013, .014, .015, 27 Seat-Insert
.020, .030 Thick) 26 Bleeder
13 O-Ring 29 Bushing-Outer Shaft
14 Planetary Ring Gear 30 Oil Seat--Outer Shaft
15 Bearing Cone (Outer)
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Tie Rod & Steering Cylinder Mounting
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1 TIe Rod Assembly (Items 2 Ihru 5)

2 TIe Rod
3 Vertical Socket Assembly
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4 Clamp Assembly-Tie Rod

6 Steer CylinderNertical Socket Assembly (Items 7 and 8)
8 Steer Cylinder
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Axle Steering Joints
0- 21
~-22
9- 23
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24--Q
23-@
22_Q
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iif 1 Rigid Axle Sha~ or Shaft
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and Joint Assembly 13 Stud-Spindle Mounting, Steer Axle

(Includes items 2 thru 6, 7 or 8) 14 Locknut-Spindle Mounting
2 Sha~-Outer Yoke 15 Washer-Aat
~ 3 Cross Assembly 16 Fitting-Grease
4 Bearing Race Assembly 17 Capscrew-King Pin Cap Mounting
iii 5 Snap Ring 18 Washer-Flat
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6 Center Yoke 19 Cap-King Pin
~ 7 Sha~-Inner Yoke (Short) 20 Shim--King Pin Bearing Adjusting
8 Sha~-Inner Yoke (Long) 21
i!I 9 Deflector-Inner Shaft Seals 22
Seal-King Pin Bearing
Bearing Con<>-King Pin
".~ 10 Oil Seal-Inner Shaft 23 Bearing Cup-King Pin
11 Bushing-Inner Sha~ 24 Retainer-Grease
~ 12 Steering Knuckle 25 Stud-Spindle Mounting, Rigid Axle
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Wheel End Disc Brake
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11 12
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1 Brake Lining (Outer Pad) 9 Bleeder Screw

2 Brake Lining (Inner Pad) 10 Caliper Bracket
3 Dust Boot Shield 11 Compression Spring (Caliper Support)
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4 Dust Boot 12 Caliper Support Key

5 Piston 13 Socket Head Screw (Caliper Support)
6 Piston Seal 14 Hydraulic Fluid Fitling
7 Caliper Housing 15 Disc (Rotor)
8 Bleeder Screw 16 Hex Bolt
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Removal of Planetary Drive Flange Assembly
NOTE: The following procedures are the same for
both rigid and steer axles.
1. Rotate hub 50 drain plug is down. Remove plug and
drain oil.
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2. Remove"capscrews from drive flange.
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3. Tap drive Ilange with soli faced hammer to break

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loose from hub. Remove drive flange from hub.

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Disassembly of 3.650 Drive Flange
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1. Using a hammer and punch, drive roll pins out of
end wet disc brake if used.

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planet gear shafts. Remove lining stop plate for wheel
3. Remove planet gears and thrust washers.

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4. The planet gears are supported on the planet

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shafts by two rows of needle bearings divided by a

spacer ring and a thrust washer on each end.
2. Insert pry bar into groove in planet gear shaft and 5. Inspect the thrust button located in the center of the
remove gear shaft. drive flange . If worn, replace.
WARNING: Keep the groove under the thrust
button open. It is the access to the air vent If used.
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Disassembly of Wheel End Hub
NOTE: the following procedure is the same for
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4. Remove the wheel bearing adjusting nut using a
three pin spanner wrench. (Dana tool #451125)
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NOTE: If axle Is equipped with wheel and disc
brakes, remove the caliper assembly at this time
as outlined in the disc brake section of this
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manual.
1. Insert small screwdriver under end and remove

locking ring from end of axle shaft by rotating around
shafl.
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5. Remove the outer wheel bearing while supporting

the hub assembly.
2. Remove sun gear and spacer from axle shafl.

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6. With the hub supported, carefully remove it from the

3. Remove ring gear. Use a suitable puller if necessary. spindle.
NOTE: DO NOT pilot puller on axle shaft. This may NOTE: A lifting device is recommended for
damage the Inboard axle seal. assemblies having a rotor attached.
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8. Rest hub on drive flange mounting face and remove
the hub seal and inner wheel bearing.
9. Inspect wheel bearings and cups and replace .if
necessary. Remove cups with a suitable puller.
NOTE: It is recommended that whenever bearings
are removed, they are (regardless of mileage) to
be replaced with new one~
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replaced as a set.
NOTE: Whenever It becomes necessary to remove
an oil or grease seal to gain access to an adjacent
component for replacement or repair, that seal is
to be discarded because of possible damage.
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7. If the axle is equipped with disc brakes the rotor
can be removed at this time.
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Disassembly of Wet Disc Brake Wheel End
NOTE: the following procedure is the same for
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3. Remove brake plates and discs. Check friction

material thickness on discs. If groove depth is less
1. Insert small screwdriver under locking ring on axle than .005" they must be replaced.
shaft and remove by rotating around shaft.
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Inspect stationary plates for warpage with a straight

edge. If warpage is observed they must be replaced.
Inspect all plates and discs for heat damage. Replace
if necessary.
NOTE: If any of the above conditions exist it is
necessary to replace all discs and plates together
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as a set. Piston O-rings should also be replaced at

this time.
If brake discs and plates are within specifications and
brake was operating properly it is not necessary to
remove brake piston or replace piston O-rings.
SPECIAL SERVICE NOTE: If the service procedure
being performed does not require replacement of
piston or wheel retainer O-rings the hub assembly
may be removed using the following steps.
2. Remove sun gear from axle shaft. A. Safely support hub assembly with lifting device.
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E. Skip following steps #4 thru #9. Continue
disassembly with step #10.
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B. Remove wheel retainer cap·screws.
4. Remove brake piston from wheel end.
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NOTE: Use of a special piston remover/installer
tool, (Dana tool #451164), is recommended to
prevent damage to the piston.
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C. Remove planetary ring gear, brake piston and

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wheel retainer as one unit.
SA. Remove outer diameter piston O·ring. Discard and

replace with new.
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D. Remove oil passage O·rings from grooves on

inboard face of wheel retainer. If damaged, replace. If 5B. Remove inner diameter piston O-ring. Discard and
ok, save for re·assembly. replace with new.
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9. Remove planetary ring gear from wheel end.
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6. Safely support hub assembly with a lifting device. Inspect outboard wheel bearing. Replace if necessary.
Remove wheel retainer capscrews. Remove wheel 10. With hub supported. carefully remove it from
retainer and preload shims. Wire shims to retainer to the spindle.
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facilitate re-assembly.
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11. Inspect wheel bearings, cups and seal. Replace

if necessary.
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NOTE: It Is recommended that whenever bearings

7. Remove oil passage O-rings from groove on
be replaced with new ones.
inboard face of wheel retainer. If damaged. replace, If
ok, save for re-assembly. NOTE: If replacement of a damaged bearing cup or
replaced as a set.
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NOTE: Whenever it becomes necessary to remove

an 011 or grease seal to gain access to an adjacent
component for replacement or repair, that seal Is
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8. Remove and inspect ouler diameter O-ring on

inboard side of wheel retainer. Replace if necessary.
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Removal and Disassembly of
Spindle and Axle Shaft
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lA. Remove spindle mounting nuts and flat washers.
On planetary equipped with disc brake, the caliper 3. The spindle in many applications, contains an outer
mounting bracket can be removed when the spindle shaft oil seal and bronze bushing in the spindle bore.
mounting nuts are removed. These should be replaced if necessary.
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NOTE: Whenever it becomes necessary to remove
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NOTE: Inspect the spindle mounting studs in steer
knuckle or axle housing (rigid axle) for damage
and replace if necessary.
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lB. On planetary equipped with wet disc brake wheel

ends remove brake inlet fitting and bleeder screw.
Remove spindle mounting nuts, washers, and (if used)
the fitting/bleeder guards.
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4. To remove axle shaft assembly on the steering axle,

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hold shaft level and pull straight out to avoid damaging

inner shaft oil seal.
NOTE: To remove axle shaft on rigid axles, pull
shaft straight out.
2. Tap spindle with soft faced hammer to loosen from

steering knuckle or housing flange. Remove spindle.
19
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6. Next, press out u-joint bearing caps and remove
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cross.
5. To separate inner and outer axle shafts, on steering 7. Inspect u-joint bearing caps and cross and replace
axle, first remove all bearing cap retaining rings. if necessary.
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Removal of Steering Cylinder
and Tie Rod Assemblies
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1. Disconnect the hydraulic hoses to the steering
cylinders. Plug the open fittings.
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3. Remove the slotted hex nuts that fasten the cylinder

socket assemblies to the anchor points on the carrier
2. Remove the cotter pins from the steering cylinder and steering knuckle. Tap the threaded end of socket
socket assemblies. assembly lightly with a soli faced hammer to unseat
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them . Carefully remove steering cylinder assemblies.

Mark cylinder assemblies "rightside" "Iellside" to aid
reassembly.
CAUTION: Protect chrome finish on rod at all
times. Damage to surface of rod can cause
premature seal failure.
NOTE: Refer to steering cylinder disassembly and
assembly section of manual if further disassembly
of cylinder assembly is required. \
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4. Remove the cotter pins from the tie rod socket 5. Remove the slotted hex nuts that fasten the tie rod
assemblies. socket assemblies to the steering knuckle anchor
points. Tap the threaded end of the socket assembly
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lightly with a soft faced hammer to unseat them.
Remove the tie rod assembly. Match marked tie rod
end and steering knuckle to aid in reassembly.
NOTE: Do not alter the tie rod adjustment unless
further repair is required to tie rod components.
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inadvertently changed it will require the resetting
of this adjustment for proper "toe-in".
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Disassembly of Steering Knuckles
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1. Remove the wheel end components, spindle. axle

shaft, steer cylinder, and tie rod prior to disassembly of
steer knuckle components.
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3. Remove both upper and lower bearing caps and

2. Remove bearing cap bolts and washers from both shims. Wire shims together with their respective
upper and lower bearing caps. bearing caps to facilitate reassembly.
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6. Inspect axle seal and bushing. If replacement is
necessary, remove with suitable puller.
4. Tip the steering knuckle slightly and remove from
housing yoke.
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7. Inspect bearing cup and seal; replace if necessary.

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NOTE: It Is recommended that whenever bearings

are removed. they are (regardless of mileage) to
5. Inspect bearing cone and replace if necessary. NOTE: If replacement of a damaged bearing cup or
cone Is necessary. the cup and cone must be
replaced as a set.
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NOTE: Whenever It becomes necessary to remove

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Assembly of Steering Knuckles
1. Install inner axle shalt bushing and seal into
housing yoke bore.
2. Apply #2 Permatex to grease retainers. Install
grease retainers and king pin bearing cups into
housing yoke.
NOTE: The grease retainer must be installed with
Its "dished" portion positioned toward the inside
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of the axle housing yoke. Installed opposite, the
retainer would restrict the bearing cup from
seating properly in the housing bore and clamp
against the bearing cone cage restricting
movement.
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6. Place original shims in position on knuckle or king
pin cap.
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7. Install bearing caps, washers, and bolts. Torque to

3. Install pregreased king pin bearing cones into 80-90 It. Ibs.
bearing cups.
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4. Install king pin seals.

NOTE : Inspect the spindle mounting studs in steer
knuckle for damage and replace if necessary.
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8. To check king pin bearing preload, turn knuckle all

the way to the right. Place torque wrench on one 01
the king pin cap bolts. Rotate knuckle through
complete turn angle. Torque reading should be 8-15 ft.
Ibs. Measurement is made less hub components, axle
shaft, tie rod, and steering cylinder.
To increase preload, remove shims lrom top or bottom
king pin bearing. To decrease preload, add shims to
top or bottom king pin bearing . Keep top and bottom
5. Place knuckle in position over housing yoke. shim packs as equal as possible.
23
Installation of Tie Rod and
Steering Cylinder Assemblies
NOTE: The carrier assembly and steering knuckles
are to be installed prior to proceeding with the
installation of these components.
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E 2. Install cotter pins and bend the pin over to lock it in
place.
NOTE: If cotter pin cannot be installed after
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minimum torque is attained, the nut must be
advanced until the cotter pin can be installed.
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1. Connect the tie rod assembly to the steering

knuckle anchor points. Torque the socket assembly
slotted nuts to 140 It. Ibs. minimum. Check to make
sure the position 01 the offset in lhe tie rod clears the
carrier assembly in lull turn posiition (both directions).
The tie rod assembly should be switched around end
lor end il lull turn clearance is not lound and the
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slotted nuts retorqued.

NOTE: If the tie rod adjustment (toe-In) has been
changed it will be necessary to readjust it. Loosen
tie rod clamp assembly bolt and nut. Position the
steering knuckles in a straight ahead (0· turn
angle) position. Position measuring bars on the
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spindle mounting face of the steering knuckles. 3. Connect the steering cylinder assemblies to the
Measure across them on the carrier side and cover carrier and steer knuckle anchor points. Torque the
side of the axle housing and compare readings. socket assembly slotted nuts to 140 It. Ibs. minimum.
Remove tie rod, adjust the overall socket to socket NOTE: If repairs were made to or the retracted
length (in or out1 reinstall the tie rod assembly length of the steering cylinder assembly was
and remeasure. Repeat this procedure until equal inadvertently changed the retracted length of the
measurements are attained (zero toe-In) or the toe- assembly will require resetting as follows:
in specified by the vehicle manufacturer is A. Remove slotted nuts from and remove rod end
attained. Retorque slotted nuts to 140 ft. Ibs. socket assemblies from steer knuckles. Push In or
minimum. Torque the tie rod clamp assembly bolts use air pressure retract the rod into the barrel
and nuts to 60-70 ft. Ibs. assembly of both cylinders.
24
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B. Turn steering knuckle to full Inside turn
position on either the right or left hand side.
C. Adjust the socket assembly position In or out
. on the rod end and also barrell end, if required,
such that Its retracted length matches the length
required for assembly to its steer knuckle.
CAUTION: Protect the rod from damage while
adjusting socket position.
Reconnect the cylinder assembly as noted In step
#3. Torque the cylinder socket clamp bolts and
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nuts to 60-70 ft. Ibs.
D. Turn the other steer knuckle to its full inside
turn position. Adjust its steer cylinder retracted
length as noted In step C.
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4. Install cotter pins and bend the pin over to lock it in
place.
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NOTE: If cotter pin cannot be installed after
minimum torque is attained, the nut must be
advanced until the cotter pin can be installed.
5. Connect the hydraulic hoses to the steering
cylinders and "bleed" the system.
Assembly and Installation of E

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Axle Shaft and Spindle
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1. To assemble inner and outer axle shafts, insert

u-joint cross into yoke of outer shaft and press in
bearing caps. Repeat wilh center yoke and inner shaft.
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3. Support shaft assembly and slide into axle housing

and engage in differential side gear. Care should be
taken when installing shaft as not to damage axle
shaft oil seal.
NOTE: On rigid axles, install the axle shaft Into the
axle housing until it engages the differential
side gear.
2. Install all bearing cap retaining rings. Grease u-joint.
25
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4. Install new bushing and seal in spindle if required. 6A. On planetary equipped with disc brake, install the
caliper mounting braket on the mounting sluds. The
bracket is to be positioned such that when the brake
caliper assembly is installed it will be on the cover side
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of the axle housing (3 or 9 o'clock position). Also, the
support key and spring leg of the bracket is to be on
the top side. Install the mounting washers and nuts
and torque to 80-100 ft. Ibs.
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5. Install spindle over the axle shaft and onto knuckle

or housing flange studs.
NOTE: Care should be taken when sliding the
spindle over the end 01 the axle shalt so as not to
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damage the outer shalt seal and bushing il so

equipped.
NOTE: On planetary equipped with wet disc brake
wheel ends the spindle is to be assembled to the 68. On planetary equipped with wet disc brake wheel
mounting studs with the brake bleeder port ends proceed as follows:
positioned at the top (12 o'clock position) and the
1) Install the fitting/bleeder guards, if used, on the
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brake inlet port on the carrier side 01 the axle

housing. mounting studs. Guards are not to be installed in the
area between the bleeder and inlet ports but just
outside of that area and such that they will not
interfere with the installation of the bleeder screw and
inlet fitting.
2) Install the mounting washers and nuts and torque to
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80-100 ft. Ibs.

3) Install the bleeder screw in the top port and tighten
until it is seated properly.
4) Install the brake inlet filting in the other port and
tighten until it is seated properly.
26
Assembly of Wheel End Hub
1. Install inner and outer bearing cups into hub. Install
inboard bearing and hub seal.
2. Install hub onto spindle.
NOTE: A lilting device is recommended lor
assemblies having a rotor attached.
-..:--'-- .
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6. Install ring gear. The roll pin on the back face of the
ring gear must be locked into the bearing adjusting nu1
hole. Use punch mark on front of ring gear as an
alignment aid.
3. Install outer bearing cone.
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4. Install bearing adjusting nut. Torque to 200-250

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fUbs. Back nut off 1/8 turn and align any hole in nut
with a major spline on the spindle. Make sure hub
rotates freely. (Use Dana Tool #451125)
7. Install spacer and sun gear on shaft.

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5. As an aid, mark the end of the aligned spline.

NOTE: " axle is equipped with wheel end disc
brakes, the brake caliper assembly can be
installed at this time as outlined in the disc brake
section 01 the manual. 8. Install snap ring onto axle shaft.
27
Assembly of Wet Disc Brake Wheel End
~ .>
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",.
',)
..... .
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... ~.~"t "" __ .,>-._, .,
B. Install ring gear/piston assembly onto spindle spline

making sure oil passage hole in ring gear is to bottom
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of axle at 6 o'clock position. Mounting holes in wheel
1. Install inner and outer bearing cups into hub. Install retainer will align only one way.
inboard bearing and seal and deflector.
2. Using a suitable lifting device. install hub assembly
onto spindle.
SPECIAL SERVICE NOTE: If the planetary ring
gear, brake piston, and wheel retainer were E
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removed as a unit, (described In disassembly
section~ and It was not necessary to replace
wheel bearings or cups, use the following lettered
steps for reassembly. Otherwise proceed with
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steps #3.
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C. Install wheel retainer capscrews with Loc!ite" 271

compound applied to the threads and torque to
45 ft. Ibs.
D. Skip following steps 3 thru 10 and continue
assembly with step 11.
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A. Insert both oil passage O-rings into grooves on

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inboard face of wheel retainer using a small amount of

petroleum jelly to hold them in place and facilitate
assembly.
3. Install outboard wheel bearing onto planetary ring

gear.
28
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4. Install planetary ring gear onto spindle spline
making sure oil passage hole in ring gear is to bottom
of axle at 6 o'clock position.
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E7. Place original wheel pre-load shims onto inboard
side of wheel retainer and install into planetary ring
gear. Make sure bleeder tube in retainer is to top of
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axle at 12 o'clock position.
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5. Lubricate and install outer diameter O-ring onto

groove around inboard side of wheel retainer.
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8. Install wheel retainer capscrews with Loctite· 271

compound applied to the threads. Gradually increase
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torque value on capscrews using a crossing pattern

until 45 ft. Ibs. is achieved on each capscrew.
NOTE: At this point check wheel bearing preload.
Torque to rotate wheel should be 50-80 in. Ibs.
when measured with a torque wrench from the
center of the hub. If a spring scale Is used, wrap a
cord around the wheel pilot diameter. Readings
6. Insert both oil passage O-rings into grooves on taken with this method should be 10-15 Ibs. Pull
inboard face of wheel retainer. Use a small amount of while the hub is rotating.
petroleum jelly to hold them in place and facilitate To increase preload add shims. To decrease preload
assembly. subtract shims.
29
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9. Lubricate and install outer and inner diameter
piston O-rings.
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12. Install snap ring into groove on outboard end of
outer shaft.
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13. Push inward on end of axle shaft to seat sun gear

10. Install brake piston. against wheel retainer. This will prevent rotating disc
NOTE: Use of a special piston remover/installer from dropping behind gear during installation.
tool, (Dana tool #451164~ is recommended to
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prevent damage to the piston.

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14. Install brake plates and discs into wheel end (4

each). Start with a steel stationary plate first, then a
grooved friction disc (shown) second. Alternate until 4
of each are in place.
NOTE: If new discs are installed, presoak in the
correct lubricant as recommended by the vehicle
11. Install sun gear onto outer axle shaft. manufacturer for a minimum of 15 minutes prior
to assembly.
30
Assembly of 3.650 Drive .Flange
1. Install thrust button and vent into drive flange.
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5. Install planet gear shaft into drive flange. If
equipped with wet disc brakes install lining stop plate.
2. Grease inside of planet gear. Install two rows of Align holes and install roll pins.
needle bearings (25 per row) separated by
spacer ring.
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6. Apply small bead of Permatex #2 gasket sealer

around drive flange.
NOTE: DO NOT use silicone sealer on drive flange.
It can cause flange to loosen.
3. Place thrust washer onto drive flange.
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7. Align gears and install drive flange into hub. Rotate

hub to align bolt holes.
4. Install planet gear and remaining thrust washer. 8. Install and torque bolts 90-100 ft. Ibs.
31
Steering Cylinder Disassembly and Assembly
2 10 9 3 B
,
ffi -f;;ij) I
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1m
t
4
4
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4
4
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6 5 4
I I •4
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4
- ,::;@g
\: i n ~
4
1
2
Piston
Gland E 7
8
Piston Seal
Rod Static Seal
4
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3 Rod 9 Gland Static Seal 4
4 Barrel Assembly 10 Lockwire
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5 Locknut 11 Rod Seal U-Cup
6 Wear Strip 12 Rod Wiper
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NOTE: Prior to disassembly of steer cylinder CAUTION: Protect chrome finish on rod at ali
assembly loosen the socket assembly clamp bolt times. Damage to surface of rod can cause
and nut and remove the socket assemblies from premature seal failure.
the steering cylinder.
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DISASSEMBLY
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1. A sharp objecl, such as a screwdriver, must be
3. Pull on the rod to remove the piston and gland.
used to get under the lockwire to starl it out of
the cylinder. 4. Remove the nut from the end of the rod.
NOTE: Direction of rotation for lockwire removal 5. When the cylinder is disassembled, all seals should
depends on prior installation. Check lockwire be replaced before reassembling.
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position for correct rotation.
CLEANING AND INSPECTION

1. Check rod and cylinder bore for nicks, burrs,
scratches or rust. Slight defects may be removed with
fine sand paper.
2. All parts removed from the cylinder that are to be
reused should be thoroughly cleaned. Be sure to
2. Locate spanner wrench in drilled holes in gland and carefully clean all cavities and grooves prior to
rotate 360' in proper direction to remove lockwire. replacing parts.
32
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ASSEMBLY
1. Install all seals. Do not over stretch seals to 6. Lubricate all parts and inside of cylinder with
facilitate easier installation. hydraulic oil.
2. Make sure all seals are not twisted or distorted 7. Push the piston into the cylinder bore with a steady,
in grooves. even pressure.
8. Push gland bore until shoulder of gland butts up to
the barrel.
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3. Install gland on rod with inner seal facing exposed
section of rod.
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9. Locate drilled hole in gland through milled slot in the
barrel and insert lockwire, then rotate the gland 360'
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to install lockwire.
10. Install the socket assemblies on the steering
4. Install piston on rod turn down. cylinder. Install the socket clamp bolt and nut (finger
tight only).
NOTE: The final socket to steer cylinder
E adjustments will be made when steering cylinder

assemblies are installed on the axle assembly.
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5. Install locknut and torque to 90-100 It. Ibs.

NOTE: lINo (2) jam nuts can be used on opposite
end of shaft to hold while torquing.
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33
Disassembly and Assembly of
Wheel End Disc Brake
2. If petroleum based mineral oil is used the brake
must have green cclored seals and dust boots.
Petroleum based mineral oil must meet Mil Spec
MiI-H-5606 requirements.
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SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
1. When the vehicle is raised for inspection or
servicing use floor stands for additional support.
2. Check fluid level in the fluid reservoir prior to
servicing the brakes. If the reservoir is full when the
caliper pistons are retracted it will overflow. Remove
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any potentially excess fluid from the reservoir with a
siphon and discard.
CAUTION: Avoid contaminating the caliper and
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other brake parts while servicing the brake.
Handle parts carefully to prevent damage.
MAINTENANCE 3. The caliper assembly must be removed before
GENERAL removing the hub and disc assembly.
4. Replace worn or damaged caliper dust boots and
It is difficult to determine an exact maintenance
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interval (time and mileage), since vehicles will be used
in a wide variety of applications and conditions.
piston seals.
5. If the original brake pads are to be reused, mark
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A regular schedule for periodic inspection should be them in some manner so they can be installed in the
established based on past experience and type of same location.
operation. S. After any brake service, be sure to test brakes prior
Disc brakes do not require adjustment since the pad to returning vehicle to service. A firm pedal should be
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clearance is maintained by movement olthe caliper felt during brake application.

and piston. CAUTION: DO NOT move vehicle until a firm brake
pedal is obtained.
BRAKE PADS
To inspect brake pads for wear, raise vehicle onto floor
stands and remove wheel. Visually inspect pad linings SERVICE PROCEDURES
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at each visible end and through opening in caliper CALIPER AND PADS REMOVAL
assembly. Replace pads if the thinnest point is less
than 3/16" (4.76 mm).
It is recommended that all brake pads be replaced
at the same time to maintain balanced braking of
the axle.
Moderate erosion or pitting is a normal characteristic
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or semi-metallic pad lining material which does not

require replacement. Should erosion reduce the
polished contact area to less than 20% of total surface
area, replace pads.
CALIPERS
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Visually inspect calipers for defects or brake fluid

leakage. If necessary, follow repair procedures in the
Pad and Caliper portion of this section.
BRAKE FWIDS
The Bendix disc brake is designed to use either a
1. Position vehicle on floor stands and remove wheel.
standard brake fluid or petroleum base mineral oil.
2. Inspect master cylinder fluid level and remove fluid
1. If brake fluid is used the brake must have black if necessary.
colored seals and dust boots. Brake fluid must meet
SAE 1703 or Super Heavy Duty DOT-3 brake fluid 3. Pry the caliper outboard retracting the caliper
specifications. pistons into the cylinder bore.
34
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4. Remove support key retaining screw.
8. Remove inboard pad from caliper mounting bracket.
Inspect caliper for leakage. Rebuild if necessary.
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NOTE: If the caliper does not require rebuilding.
retract the pistons Into the caliper to obtain
necessary clearance for reassembly over the rotor.
Position a metal bar over both pistons, then use a
"C" clamp to force both pistons into the caliper.
E CALIPER DISASSEMBLY
1. Disconnect brake hose from caliper inlet. Cap the
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hose and inlet to prevent brake fluid leakage. Avoid
getting grease or brake fluid on brake pads.
2. Clean exterior of caliper in denatured alcohol.
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3. Remove pistons from caliper.
NOTE: It may be necessary to use compressed air

to aid In removal of pistons.
5. Using a hammer and drift. drive out caliper support CAUTION: Use no more than 15 PSI air pressure to
key and spring. ease pistons from bore. Stay clear of area between
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piston and caliper housing to avoid personal

6. Disconnect hydraulic hose if removing caliper to injury. Avoid spray of brake fluid as pistons are
service other than brake pads. dislodged from bores. Use shop towels to restrict
piston travel and prevent damage to the pistons.
NOTE: If the piston becomes seized or cocked,
release the air pressure and realign the piston,
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tapping with a soft faced hammer. Reapply air

pressure to remove the piston.
4. Remove boot from piston and seal from caliper
bore. Discard boot and seal.
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CLEAN AND INSPECT CALIPER COMPONENTS

1. Remove any rust or corrosion from the external
machined surfaces of the caliper housing. DO NOT
use any abrasive material in the piston bores.
2. Remove any rust or corrosion from the machined
surfaces on the caliper mounting bracket.
3. Clean the caliper housing and piston bores using
denatured alcohol. Use dry compressed air to clean
and dry all grooves and passages.
7. Remove caliper from mounting bracket. Do not let NOTE: Make sure all alcohol is completely
caliper hang on brake hose. removed before reassembly.
35
4. Inspect the piston bore, boot groove, seal groove, 2. Inspect rotors. While rotors are mounted on wheel
and piston for damage for excessive wear. Replace end, use dial indicator to check for warpage of braking
piston if it is pitted, scored or worn. Remove any surface. If surface varies more than .003 (.076 mm), it
corrosion that may be present in the piston bores and will be necessary to machine rotor to acceptable
grooves with a fiber brush. tolerance (Use standard automotive procedures).
5. Inspect caliper support spring and key. Replace Rotors with cracks or burnt spots must be replaced .
if necessary.
NOTE: The m,inimum allowable thickness of the
CALIPER REASSEMBLY rotor braking surfaces is 1.320 inch (This value is
cast on the rotor~ If the amount of cleanup
1. Lubricate piston seal and piston bore with brake machining to eliminate warpage decreases or will
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fluid (Refer to BRAKE FLUID SECTION), and install decrease the thickness to less than the minimum
seal in groove in piston bore. Be sure seal is fully specified, the rotor must be replaced.
seated and not twisted. I
Before reassembling the reworked or new rotor on
2. Coat outside of piston and dust boot lips with brake · the hub make sure the rotor and the hub mounting
fluid. Slide dust boot over the piston and position it at .1
surface and pilot diameter for it are cclean.
bottom (closed end) of piston.
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Position the rotor on the hub, install the mounting
3. Position piston and boot over piston bore and install bolts and torque them to 174-191 ft. Ibs.
lip of boot into groove near top of bore. Be sure boot Recheck the braking surface runout to make sure
lip is fully seated. It Is acceptable.
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4. Press straight in on piston until it bottoms in bore.
5. Assemble other parts on caliper and install as
outlined in the Pad and Caliper Installation section. PADS AND CALIPER INSTALLATION
CLEANING AIIID INSPECTION OF ROTOR AND

PARTS
1. Measure lining thickness. If any point is less than
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3/16" (4.76 mm), new pads should be installed on both
wheels of that axle.
OUTER PAD
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INNER PAD (RIVETED LIN ING)

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- II ...- - -
4.76mm (3116") _ _ _-1
OR LESS
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If lining material shows sign of excessive cracking, the

pads must be replaced.
Replace brake pads as a set on an axle. Never
replace pads one wheel at a time.
Replace brake pads contaminated with oil, grease, or
1. Position the inboard (smaller) pad into the caliper
any material not easily removed with a clean rag.
mounting bracket with lining towards rotor.
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2. Be sure the caliper piston is fully bottomed in the
piston bore.
3. Position outboard pad on caliper.
4. Apply a small amount of special lubricant (NLG-2

extreme temperature lithium grease), to the machined
Examine the pads for flatness of the control surface. surfaces of the caliper vee-way grooves and caliper
Any shoe found with a concave or convex bend more mounting bracket rails which are in contact during the
than 0.015" (0.381 mm), should be replaced. sliding action of the caliper.
36
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5. Position caliper into caliper mounting bracket. Avoid 7. Install key retaining screw and torque to 12-18 ft. Ibs.
cutting piston dust boots. 8. Install line fitting in bottom port and bleeder fitting in
top port.
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9. Connect brake line hose if removed.
BLEEDING INSTRUCTION
Refer to VEHICLE SERVICE MANUAL
CAUTION: OBTAIN FIRM PEDAL BEFORE MOVING
E VEHICLE.
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6. Hold caliper in position and install support and

support key between caliper and bracket. Use a soft
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faced hammer to drive the key and spring assembly

into position.
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37
SECTION 3
Carrier Assembly, Limited Slip Differential,
Pinion Mounted Dry Disc Parking Brake
Carrier Assembly
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38
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1 Nut-Pinion 28 Shatt-Differential
2 Washer-Pinion Nut 29 Pinior>-Differential
3 Pinion End Yoke Assembly (Includes Item 4 and 5) 30 Thrustwasher-Oifferential Pinion
4 End Yoke or Companion Flange 31 Side Gear-Differential
5 Deflector 32 Thrustwasher-Differential Side Gear
6 Oil Seal-Pinion 33 Lock-Differential Shaft
7 Washer-Bearing Thrust 34 Case-Differential (Standard)
8 Outer Bearing Cone 35 Capscrew-Drive Gear Mounting
9 Outer Bearing Cup 36 Capscrew-Brake Mounting (Optional)
10 Shim-Pinion Bearing Preload Adjusting 37 Parking Brake (Optional)
11 Spacer-Flat 38 Flange Hall-Limited Slip Differential Case
12 Capscrew-Carrier Mounting 39 Cap Half-Limited Slip Differential Case
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13 Washer-Flat 40 Shaft-Differential
14 Carrier 41 Pinior>-Differential
15 Cap-Differential Carrier 42 Side Gear-Differential
16 Washer-Flat 43 Ring-Differential Side Gear
17 Capscrew-Bearing Cap Mounting 44 Plate-Differential
18 Lock-Bearing Adjusting Nut 45 Diso--Differential
46 Diso--Differential (Dished)
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19 Washer-Flat
20 Capscrew-Lock Mounting 47 Plate-Differential (Dished)
21 Shim-Pinion Position (.003, .005, .010 Thick) 48 Capscrew-Differential Case Mounting
22 Inner Bearing Cup 49 Housing-Axle (Housing Configurations
May Vary from Steer to Rigid)
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23 Inner Bearing Cone
24 Gear and Pinion (Matched Set) 50 Vent
25 Side Bearing Cone 51 Pir>-Dowel
26 Side Bearing Cup 52 Plug-Pipe (Drain and FilVLevel)
27 Adjusting Nut-Differential Side Bearings 53 Bushing-Axle Pivot
54 Fitting-Grease
Removal of Carrier from Axle Housing E

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NOTE: Use of safety glasses during disassembly - 4. Disconnect hydraulic lines to and remove steering
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assembly procedures is recommended. cylinder assemblies from the steer knuckle and carrier
anchor points.
~ 1. If it becomes necessary to disassemble any parts
5. Remove the tie rod assembly from the steer knuckle
inside the carrier, it is suggested that the entire axle be
~ removed from the vehicle and held tight in a stand or anchor points.
rack. NOTE: Do not alter the tie rod adjustment.
WARNING: When removing axle assembly,
~
A NOTE: If axle assembly is stUlln vehicle, be sure
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make sure vehicle is properly suppo,r ted. carrier assembly is securely supported before it Is
Improperly supported vehicle can cause
~ serious injury or death. Follow vehicle
separated from housing.
If axle assembly has been removed from vehicle,
manufacturers recommendations for
~ proper axle assembly removal procedures.
be sure it is set securely in support stands with
..,
~ 2. Remove drain plugs and drain lubricant from
planetaries and carrier housing .
carrier pinion positioned up.
6. Remove mounting bolts and washers from carrier
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flange. Carrier assembly and axle housing is aligned
..,
3. At this time, remove wheel ends, and axle shafts. with dowel pins.
Follow Procedures outlined in Wheel-End section of
7. Remove carrier assembly from housing and mount
manual. in suitable holding fixture such as a carrier repair
NOTE: If non-steering axle skip steps #4 and #5 stand.
~ and proceed with step #6.
R
..,
~
..,
~
~ •
~ 39
Removal of Differential from Carrier
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.~
,~
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~
1. Remove adjusting nut lock from bearing caps.
•
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5. Remove adjusting nuts.
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2. Match mark one differential bearing cap and leg of

carrier with center punch or chisel for correct
reassembly. I
6. Carefully lift the ring gear and differential sub·
assembly out of carrier.
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NOTE: Prevent bearing cups from failing as you

remove differential.
Use care to avoid damage to ring and pinion
gears. If either is damaged, it must be replaced as
part of a matched set.
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replaced as a set.
3. Remove bearing cap retaining bolts.

4. Remove bearing caps.
40
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'
Differential Disassembly
A. Ring Gear and/or Differential
Side Bearing Cones
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3. Tap ring gear with a rawhide hammer to free it from
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the case. Remove case and ring gear from vise.
NOTE: If ring gear and/or pinion shaft needs to be
replaced, ring gear and pinion shaft must be
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B. Standard Differential
(One-Piece Case)
1. If replacement of differential bearings is required, E
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remove differential bearings with a puller as shown.
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replaced as a set.
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1. Place holding fixture into vise. Place case onto

holding fixture as shown. Drive out lock pin.
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2. If removal of ring gear from case is required, place a

few shop towels over the vise to prevent the ring gear
teeth from being nicked after it is free from the case.
Place case in vise. Remove ring gear screws and
discard them.
Ring gear screws are to be replaced with new ones at 2. Reposition case on holding fixture as shown. Drive
time of reassembly. out cross pin using a drift and hammer.
41
=
3. Rotate gears until the pinion mate gears (small

gears) enter the large opening of the case. Remove
pinion mate gears and spherical washers. After
removal of the pinion mate gears, the side gears and
thrust washers can be easily removed.
Inspect and replace components as required.
NOTE: Always replace gears as a complete set. Do
not mix new gears with old gears, as this may
cause uneven wear and short gear life.
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C. Limited Slip Differential
1 Large Section of Case
1
E 2
3
4
5
Dished Plate
Dished Disc
Flat Plate
Flat Disc
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I 6
6
7
8
Clutch Ring
Side Gear
Pinion Gear
9 Cross Shaft
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7
10 Small Section of Case
11 Boll and Tapered Sleeve
11
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2
3
4
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1. Punch mark both sections of differential case to

assure proper reassembly. Also mark end of the cross NOTE: If any plates or discs are scored or worn,
shaft nearest the differential case punch marks. entire set must be replaced on both sides.
2. Remove the small section of differential case, side NOTE: Clutch rings must be replaced In sets.
gear, clutch ring, plates, and discs. NOTE: Side gears or pinion gears showing wear
3. Remove pinion gears, cross shafts, side gear, must be replaced in sets.
clutch ring, plates, and discs from large section of NOTE: If cross shaft shows signs of wear, replace
differential case. in sets.
NOTE: The differential has a serial number NOTE: If wear is evident at "V" notch for the cross
stamped on the small case section. When ordering shaft on either small or large case section, replace
parts, always include the complete part number. as a set.
42
Pinion Disassembly
WARNING: Gear t8f1th may have sharp
A
NOTE: If carrier has optional pinion mounted
parking brake refer to pinion parking brake edges. When handling gears, use care to
section of manual for removal of brake assembly avoid personal injury.
from carrier. NOTE: On the spline end of the pinion, there are
bearing preload shims. These shims may stick to
the bearing-pinlon-or even fall out. The shims
are to be collected and kept together since they
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will be used later In assembly. Try not to mutilate
shims. If shims are mutilated, replace with new
ones; shims are available in thicknesses of .003",
.005", .010". and .030".
NOTE: If ring gear and/or pinion shaft needs to be
replaced, ring gear and pinion shaft must be
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1. Hold end yoke or flange with tool similar to the one
shown, and remove pinion nut and washer. Discard nut
as new one should be used at reassembly.
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4. Pull out pinion seal with puller as shown. DISCARD

SEAL. Replace with new seal at time of assembly.
Remove bearing cone and outer pinion oil slinger.
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2. Remove end yoke or flange with tools similar to that

shown. If yoke or flange shows wear in the area of the
seal contact, it should be replaced.
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5. Remove the inner bearing cup, if necessary, with

tools as shown.
NOTE: Shims are located between the bearing cup
and carrier bore and may also include an oil baffle,
3. Remove pinion by lapping with a rawhide hammer. depending upon the application. If shims and
Catch the pinion with your hand to prevent it from baffle are bent or nicked, they should be replaced
falling to the ground and being damaged. attlma of assembly. Wire the stacks together and
43
measure each. If stack has to be replaced, replace
with the same thickness.
NOTE: The front and rear axle carrier section may
vary in pinion bore depth due to the possibility of
the need for either a baffle or slinger or both.
The baffle serves the same purpose of assisting the
lube to flow up through the oil channels to lubricate
the pinion bearings. If used, they are part of the pinion
setting adjustment.
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7. Remove inner pinion bearing cone, if necessary,
with tools as shown.
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WARNING: Do not allow gear to fall. It can
A strike legs or feet and may cause serious

injury. Gear teeth may have sharp edges.
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When handling, use care to avoid cutting
hands.
NOTE: Both baffle and slinger are part of the
pinion adjustment shims and are to be kept intact
'.
6. Turn nose of carrier down. Remove outer pinion E
for assembly.
C
bearing cup as shown. Locate driver on back edge of NOTE: If replacement of a damaged bearing cup or
cup; drive cup out of carrier if necessary. cone is necessary, the cup and cone must be
CAUTION: Do not nick carrier bore. replaced as a set.
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Differential Assembly
A. Standard Differential (One-Piece Case)
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1. Apply a small amount of grease on both side gear the center of the small opening of the case. Line up
hubs. Assemble new thrust washers onto side gears. the other pinion mate gear with the gear which has
just been assembled. Rotate gears until the holes of
pinion mate gears are in direct line with the holes of
the differential case.
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\
0,.<, ." ,\4
2. Assemble both side gears into case. Hold top side

gear up with your fingers. Assemble one pinion mate 3. After making sure the gears are in alignment, apply
gear. Rotate gears until pinion mate gear is directly in a small amount of grease to the new spherical
44
•
washers. Assemble washers between the gears and
case. Also line up the holes of the washers with those
of the gears and case.
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4. Assemble cross pin. Make sure lock pin hole of the
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5. Assemble lock pin. Peen metal of case over pin to
cross pin is in a vertical position and lined up with the
lock in place.
lock pin hole of the case. Drive cross pin into case
with a hammer until the cross pin hole is in alignment
with the hole of the case.
B. Limited Slip Differential E

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1 Large Section of Case
2 Dished Plate
3 Dished Disc
1 4 Flat Plate
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5 Flat Disc
6 6 Clutch Ring
7 Side Gear
7 8 Pinion Gear
8 9 Cross Shaft
10 Small Section of Case
11 Bolt and Tapered Sleeve
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11
2
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1. Lubricate all internal parts with axle lubricant

before assembly. 5. Install cross shafts to large section of case so "V"
2. Alternately install plates and discs into large section portion of cross shaft mates with "V" cut out in case.
of case as illustrated. 6. Assemble side gear, clutch ring and clutch discs for
NOTE: Install dished plate and disc with concave small case section on spider assembly as it sits on
surface toward case section. work bench. Install case section being sure it seats
3. Install clutch ring and side gear. Engage splines of fully.
discs and clutch ring on side gear. 7. Tighten case section bolts to 95-100 ft. Ibs.
4. Assemble pinion gears on cross shafts. Assemble NOTE: Match case halves together by punch
cross shafts together. marks.
45
C. Ring Gear and/or Differential Side Bearing Cones
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1. Place case assembly in a vise. Be sure flange face 2. Place bearing cone on hub of case. Use bearing
of the case is free of nicks or burrs. Assemble ring installer to seat bearing cone as shown.
gear to case. Line up holes of the ring gear with those Be sure they are fully seated.
of the case. Use new ring gear screws. DraiN up NOTE: Be sure bearing cone and case bearing
screws alternately and evenly. Torque ring gear screws journat are clean prior to assembly.
to 120-140 ft. Ibs.
Pinion Position and Assembly E

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A. Pinion Position
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RING GEAR & PINION TOOTH PATTERN INTERPRETATION

When setting the pinion position, many of the service manuals required a final pinion position check by using
gauges that verified the dimension from the center line of the differential carrier (center line of ring gear) to the face
of the pinion (button).
This surface (button) is not used on all new gears for verifying the pinion position. The service tools will be used to
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establish the proper amount of shims required prior 10- installing the pinion gear. The final pinion position will be
verified by using the GEAR CONTACT PATTERN METHOD, as described in this manual.
The distance from the centerline of the ring gear to the
button end of the pinion for the Model 70 (Front and
Rear) axle is 3.500 inches approx.
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On the button end of each pinion there is etched a

plus ( + ) number, a minus ( - ) number, or a zero (0)
number, which indicates the best running position for
each particular gear set. This dimension is controlled
by the shimming behind the inner bearing cup.
For example: If a pinion is etched + 3, this pinion
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would require .003" less shims than a pinion etched

"0". This means by removing shims, the mounting
distance of the pinion is increased to 3.503" which is
just what a + 3 indicates. Or if a pinion is etched - 3,
we would want to add .003" more shims than would be
View of ring and pinion set. required if the pinion were etched "0". By adding .003
shims the mounting distance of the pinion was
Ring gears and pinions are supplied in matched sets
decreased to 3.497" which is just what a - 3 etching
only. Matching numbers on both the pinion and ring indicated.
gear are etched for verification. If a new gear set is
being used, verify the numbers of each pinion and ring If the old ring and pinion set is to be reused, measure
before proceeding with assembly. the old shim pack and build a new shim pack to this
46
same dimension. If a baffle is in the axle assembly, it If a new gear set is being used, notice the ( + ) or ( - )
is considered as part of the shim pack. etching on both the old and new pinion and adjust the
'I t To change the pinion adjustment, shims are available

in thicknesses of .003", .005", and .010".
NOTE: If baffle or slinger is bent or mutilated, it

thickness of the new shim pack to compensate for the
difference of these two figures.
For example: If the old pinion reads ( + ) 2 and the new
pinion is ( - ) 2, add .004" shims to the original shim
should be replaced. pack.
The above procedures also apply to pinion adjustment
Measure each shim separately with a micrometer and on the front axle which includes the oil slinger between
add together to get total shim pack thickness from the inner bearing cone and pinion, and baffle between
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original build up. the inner bearing and carrier.
Ok! Pinion New Pinion Mlrklng
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Meriting
4 3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4
+< + 0.008 +0.007 +0.006 + 0.005 + 0.004 +0.003 +0.002 + 0.001 0
+3 + 0.007 +0.006 + 0.005 + 0.004 + 0.003 + 0.002 +0.001 0 0.001
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+2 + 0.006 +0.005 + 0.004 + 0.003 +0.002 + 0.001 0 0.001 0.002
+1 + 0.005 +0.004 + 0.003 + 0.002 + 0.001 0 - 0.001 0.002 0.003

0 + 0.004 + 0.003 + 0.002 + 0.001 0 -0.001 - 0.002 0.003 0.004
- 1
-2
-3
+ 0.003
+ 0.002
+ 0.001
+ 0.002
+ 0.001
0
+ O.l){)1
0
- 0.001
0
- 0.001
- 0.002E O,OC)1
- 0.002
- 0.003
-0.002
- 0.003
- 0.004
0.003
- 0.004
- 0.005
-0.004
- 0.005
- 0.006
0.005
- 0.006
- 0.007
C
-4 0 - O.O()1 0.002 - 0.003 0.004 - 0.005 - 0.006 -0.007 - 0.008
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Pinion setting chart shown. Use this chart as a guideline to set pinion.
B. Pinion Assembly
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EF
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1. Measure each shim separately with a micrometer 2. Place the required amount of shims (and baffle if
and add together to get total shim pack thickness. If used) in the inner bearing bore; drive the inner bearing
baffle is required, it is to be included in the shim pack. cup into carrier with tools as shown.
If slinger is used between the inner bearing cone
and thrust face of pinion, the slinger is also to be
measured and included as a part of the total
shim pack.
47
n
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5. Install pinion into carrier.
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3. Assemble the outer pinion bearing cup into carrier Assemble outer pinion bearing cone, (slinger if used)
and end yoke onto pinion spline.
as shown .
NOTE: Do not assemble preload shims or pinion
oil seal at this time
E Use yoke installer (as shown) to assemble end yoke

onto spline of pinion.
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EN
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4. Assemble inner bearing cone (and a slinger if used)

on pinion; place bearing installer over pinion shaft as
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shown. Drive bearing on shaft until it is completely

seated. 6. Assemble washer and pinion nut. Torque nut until it
requires 10 Ibs. inch to rotate pinion. Rotate pinion
several times before checking pinion position. This is
to seat the bearings and assure a more accurate
indication of the pinion position.
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NOTE: The reason for not assembling preload

shims and new pinion oil seal at this time is due to
the possibility of having to adjust pinion preload
or pinion adjustment. It would be necessary to
again remove the seal, and as mentioned,
whenever seals are removed, they are to be
discarded because of possible damage.
7. Install the differential assembly into the carrier.
Refer to the ring gear/pinion tooth contact pattern and
differential installation sections of manual to properly
set the pinion position and backlash.
48
•
Differential Installation
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1. Install ring gear and differential assembly into
carrier housing.
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CAUTION: Care should be used when installing
ring gear and differential into carrier housing so 3. Be sure bearing cups are seated on bearing cones
damage to ring gear, pinion, bearings, or bearing and assemble differential bearing caps. Install bearing
bores do not occur. cap bolts (finger tight only) so adjusting nuts can still
be turned.
E NOTE: Make sure the "match marked" bearing cap

and leg of the carrier are on the same side for
correct reassembly.
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2. Install adjusting nuts in place. Thread in adjusting

nuts until all slack is removed between bearing cups
and bearings.
NOTE: Adjusting nuts must be Installed with side
of nut having the deeper recess facing the bearing.
Installed opposite, the adjusting nut would clamp
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against the bearing cage restricting movement. 1. Dial Indicator 2. Adjusting Nut 3. Notch
4. Position a dial indicator on housing lip and index
indicator dial to back face of the ring gear. Zero
the indicator.
Turn adjusting nut on the backside of the ring gear in
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until the indicator stops moving.

5. Next tighten adjusting nut on tooth side of ring gear
until bearing cup is seated.
Checking backlash
6. Position dial indicator on lip of differential housing
and indicate to side of one tooth on ring gear.
7. Move ring gear as far as it will go in one direction
before it moves the pinion.
1. Bearing Cup 2. Adjusting Nut 8. '0' the dial on the indicator face.
49
A reading larger than .009 in. is corrected by moving
ring gear closer to pinion. A reading smaller Ihan .005
in. is corrected by moving ring gear away from pinion.
Move the ring gear by tightening and loosening the
adjusting nuts. Both adjusting nuts must be moved the
same amount. A Y. turn 'in' with one nut should be
accompanied by a V. turn 'out' for the opposite nut.
10. When backlash is adjusted properly, rotating
torque at the pinion shaft nut should be 5·10 inch lb.
higher than the torque you had when setting pinion
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shaft bearing preload.
Tighten adjusting nuts until adjusting nut locks can
be inslalled.
11. Torque the bearing cap bolts to 180·200 ft. Ibs.
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9. Force the ring gear in the opposite direction until it
contacts the pinion gear and observe Ihe dial face.
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This figure is your backlash setting. Backlash should
be .00S·.00g·inch with no more variation around gear
than .003 inch.
Ring Gear and Pinion Tooth Contact Pattern

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I
TOP LAND
P'M)FllE
...... I-,---- --r---
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TOE LENGTHwtSE
I lEARING
HEEL
_____ 1 __ _
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Gear tooth nomenclature

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The toe of the gear tooth is the portion of the tooth

surface at the end towards the center.
The heel of the gear toolh is the portion of the tooth
surface at the outer end.
The top land of a gear tooth is the surface of the top
of the tooth. 2. The tooth contact patterns should have the same
general shape and position as the ring gear teeth
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shown above.
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1. Paint ring gear teeth with marking compound and 3. If the pattern is concentrated more toward the heel
rotate with pinion to obtain contact pattern. (as shown above), backlash must be reduced.
50
Recheck backlash as described in differential proper mounting distance and contact pattern as
installation section of manual. To reduce backlash, shown in step 2. This is accomplished by decreasing
loosen the right side adjusting ring until the measured the thickness of the inner pinion bearing shim pack as
backlash is within specification. The tooth contact described in the pinion assembly and position sections
pattern should now have the same general shape and of manual. Readjust pinion-to-ring gear backlash, as
location as shown in step 2. If the contact pattern still required, once proper pinion mounting distance has
does not conform, less backlash than normal is been established.
required. To avoid reducing differential bearing preload
excessively, further loosening of the right hand
adjusting ring should be accompanied by equal
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tightening of the left hand adjusting ring. Place a dial
indicator directly on each adjusting ring to measure
the exact amount of additional adjustment. Decreasing
backlash moves the ring gear toward the pinion.
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6. If pattern is concentrated at the tooth top land (as
shown above), the pinion is too far away from the ring
gear and must be moved closer to the ring gear to
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establish its proper mounting distance and tooth
contact pattern. This is accomplished by increasing
the thickness of the inner pinion bearing shim pack as
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described in the pinion assembly and position sections
4. If the pattern is concentrated at the toe (as shown of manual. Readjust pinion-to-ring gear backlash as
above), more backlash is required. Recheck backlash. required once proper mounting distance has been
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To increase backlash , tighten the right side adjusting established.

ring further until the measured backlash is within
specification. The tooth contact pattern should now NOTE: When making changes. note that two
spread across the ring gear tooth as in step 2. If the variables are involved: Example: If you have the
contact pattern still does not conform, more backlash backlash set correctly to specifications and you
than normal is required. To avoid increasing differential change the pinion position shim, you may have to
bearing preload excessively, further tightening of the
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readjust the backlash to the correct specification

right hand adjusting ring should be accompanied by before checking the pattern. Refer to patterns as
equal loosening of the left hand adjusting ring. Place a shown.
dial indicator directly on each adjusting ring to
measure the exact amount of the additional
adjustment. Increasing backlash moves the ring gear PATTERN MOVEMENTS SUMMARIZED
away from the pinion.
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(1) Decreasing backlash moves the ring gear closer to

the pinion.
Drive pattern (convex side of gear) moves slightly
lower and toward the toe.
Coast pattern (concave side of gear) moves lower
and toward the toe.
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(2) Increasing backlash moves the ring gear away

from the pinion.
Drive pattern moves slightly higher and toward
the heel.
Coast pattern moves higher and towards the heel.
(3) Thicker pinion position shim with the backlash
constant moves the pinion closer to the ring gear.
Drive pattern moves deeper on the tooth (flank
5. If a pattern is concentrated at the ring gear tooth contact) and slightly toward the toe.
root as shown above, the pinion is too close to the ring Coast pattern moves deeper on the tooth and
gear. It must be moved out and away to establish its toward the heel.
51
(4) Thinner pinion position shim with the backlash
constant moves the pinion further lrom the
ring gear.
Drive pattern moves toward the top of the tooth
(lace contact) and toward the heel.
Coast pattern moves toward the top 01 the tooth
and slightly toward the toe.
7. After the proper pinion position is determined,
temporarily remove the differential assembly from the
carrier for the proper setting of pinion bearing preload.
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8. Remove pinion nut, washer, end yoke, slinger, and
bearing cone. Assemble preload shims (which were
removed during disassembly) onto pinion. Assemble
bearing cone, slinger.
NOTE: If carrier has optional pinion mounted
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parking brake refer to pinion parking brake section
of manual for Installation of brake assembly,
pinion input yoke, washer, and nut to the carrier. 11 . Using an inch lb. torque wrench as shown, rotate
O
pinion. Torque 01 pinion should read between 20-40
Ibs. inch (with new bearings).
To increase preload, remove shims; to decrease
preload, add shims.
12. If pinion parking brake is used remove pinion nut,
E washer, and yoke. Refer to parking brake section of

manual to complete the installation 01 the brake
assembly to the carrier.
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13. Reinstall the differential assembly into the carrier.
ReIer to the differential installation section 01 manual
to properly set the ring gear/pinion backlash. Torque
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the differential bearing cap bolts to 180-200 It. Ibs.

, '-,'
9a. Apply a light coat 01 hypoid lubricant to the lip of

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the pinion seal and assemble into housing.

9b. If pinion parking brake is used, install brake cover
plate and inner pinion seal at this time.
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14. Install adjusting nut locks, mounting bolts, and

washers. Torque mounting bolts to 15-17 ft. Ibs.
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10. Assemble end yoke, washer, and new pinion nut.

Torque nut to 240-300 Ibs. It.
52
~
~
=.
~
~
Installation of Carrier Assembly
into Axle Housing
1. Thoroughly clean inside of axle housing. Stone the
housing mounting surface if necessary to remove
cleaned and threads coated with Loctite #271, or its
equivalent..
~ burrs or nicks.
~ 4. Assemble axle shafts and wheel end components
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at this time following procedures outlined in the wheel
~ end section of manual.
~
5. Clean Drain plugs and install in planetaries and
~ carrier housing. Fill with proper lubricant and to
required levels for planetary wheel ends carrier
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~ housing. Inspect wheel ends and housing for oil leaks.
'2. Apply Permatex #2 gasket sealer to axle housing at Take corrective action if leaks are incountered.
~ carrier mounting flange. A 1/4 inch bead around the
outside of all carrier mounting dowels and each bolt
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~ NOTE: If steering axle, at this time Install tie rod
hole is required,
and steering cylinder assemblies following
~ 3. Install carrier assembly into axle housing, Install procedures outline in those specific sections of
~ washers, Torque bolts to 100·115 ft. Ibs. Bolts must be the manual for them.
~
~ Pinion Mounted Dry Disc Parking Brake E
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TYPICAL BRAKE
"'TOIl
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FIGURE 1
.......,.,.
BOI.T
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R
OOWtLI'IN
STATOR PLATE
STACK
ASSEMBLY
DETAIL
53
1
Parking Brake-e-Removal/Installation
5
\
..-.Il=--- ·~,!milltl@!i±1!::::;;;;;11
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\~"1'=:::"'-- iIl!V!!ij!!i!i!!!' •
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REMOVAL INSTRUCTIONS
1. Disconnect driveline from yoke shaft (6) and position away from brake.
2. Disconnect hydraulic pressure line used for releasing brake.
3. Remove nut (8) and washer (7) which retains yoke shaft (6) to splined pinion shaft on axle. Discard nut (8).
E
4. Remove four 1/2-13 UNC socket head cap screws (5) which attaches brake module (4) to cover plate (1).
5. Pull brake module (4) and yoke shaft (6) assembly away from cover plate (1).
6. Remove snap ring (3) from yoke shaft (6) and remove yoke shaft (6) from brake module (4).
C
7. Remove eight 9/16-18 UNF hex bolts (2) which attach cover plate (1) to carrier pinion input flange. Remove cover
plate (1) from axle.
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
EN
1. Insert yoke shaft (6) into brake module (4) thru seal, bearing. and internal hex of spline ring.
2. Attach snap ring (3) in groove on yoke shaft (6) to retain spline ring.
3. Install cover plate (1) on carrier pinion input flange. Apply sealant between flange and cover plate surfaces.
4. Attach cover plate (1) to axle using eight 9116-18 UNF hex bolts (grade 5) and torque evenly to 90-100 ft. Ibs.
5. Install brake module (4) and yoke shaft (6) assembly into cover (1) engaging internal yoke shaft spline with
pinion spline. Orient brake module such that mounting bolt holes are in alignment and brake module seats
ER
properly on cover flange. Be sure pressure and bleeder ports are facing up.
6. Insert four 112-13 UNC socket head cap screws (5) thru brake module (4) and into cover plate (I). Torque screws
evenly to 85 ft. Ibs.
7. Install washer (7) and new nut (8) on threaded end of spline shaft which engages yoke shaft (6). Torque nut (8)
to 240-300 ft. Ibs.
8. Reattach driveline on yoke shaft (6).
9. Connect pressure line to brake, bleed system, and test operation of brake on vehicle.
EF
R
54
Parking Brakee--·OisassemblylAssembly
1 Cover Plate
2 Oil Seal
3 Case Seal (2)
4 Outer Spline
5 Shoulder Bolt(4)
6 Cap Screw (4)
7 Primary Disc
8 Rotor Disc (7)
9 Stator Disc (7)
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10 Dowel Pin (4)
11 Spring Plate
21
~ 12 Springs (12)
13 Piston
~ 14 Back-up Ring
15 O-Ring
~
N
16 Back-up Ring
17 O-Ring
~ 18 Pressure Plate
~ • NOTE: Earlier brakes do not have additional dowel 19 Bearing
O
pins (10) Installed_ The plate stack (7, 8 & 9) is retained 20 Retaining Ring
~ only by shoulder bolts (5~ 21 Oil Seal
~ DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove case gasket (3) from cover (1). 4. Install back-up rings (14 & 16) on piston (13) toward
~
~
~
....
3. Remove outer spline (4) from brake module.
4. Remove four socket head shoulder bolts (5). A suitable E
2. Press out oil seal (2) from cover (1) if replacement required. spring pockets.
5. Install a-rings (15 & 17) on piston (13). Be sure a-rings
are flat and all twists removed.
C
holding fixture is useful to hold brake in position. CAUTION: Care must be taken so as not to scratch or
mar piston.
~
CAUTION: Do not remove shoulder bolts without
pressurization of brake (approx. 300 psi) or damage 6. Lubricate pressure plate piston bore (18) w~h type fluid
~. may result. used in system. Carefully press piston (13) into pressure
EN
5. Remove primary disc (7), seven rotor discs (8) and seven plate (18). Be sure pistory is oriented such that threaded
~ stator discs (9). holes in piston are in alignment with thru holes in spring
plate (11) when installed. Press piston until ~ bottoms on
NOTE: Primary disc (7) Is offset from other stator discs
~ (9~ Reinstall new ptates In same sequence.
pressure plate (18).
7. Install twelve springs (12) in piston (13).
~ 6. Remove four (4) socket head cap screws (6) which attach
spring plate (11) to pressure plate (18). 8. Install case gasket (3) on spring plate (11).
9. Install spring plate (11) on pressure plate (18). Compress
~
ER
7. Remove spring plate (11) from pressure plate (18).

springs (12) until spring plate bottoms on pressure plate.
8. Remove case gasket (3) from spring plate (11).
~ 9. Remove springs (12) from piston (13).
10. Install four socket head cap screws (6). SEE NOTE
BELOW. Torque bolts to 55 ft. Ibs. A suitable holding fixture
~ 10. Remove piston (13) by carefully exerting hydraulic
pressure through brake release port on pressure plate (18).
is useful to hold brake in position.
11. Install stator discs (9) and rotor discs (8). Begin with a
~ 11. Remove a-rings (15 & 17) and back-up rings (14 & 16) stator disc (9) and a~ernate with rotor discs (8).
from piston (13).
~ CAUTION: Slota In stator discs (9) should engage with
EF
CAUTION: Care must be taken so as not to scratch or fixed dowel pins (10) in spring plate (11 ~
~
mar piston. 12. Inslall primary disc (7) offset from other stator discs (9).
12. Remove oil seal (21) from pressure plate (18~ 13. Align tabs on primary disc (7) with thru holes in spring
~ 13. Remove snap ring (20) and press bearing (19) Irom plate (11) and partially screw in four socket head shoulder
pressure plate (18). bolts (5) into piston (13). SEE NOTE BELOW.
~ NOTE: A special removaf tool with a diameter toferance 14. Using outer spline (4) align and center rotor discs (8) in
R
of 2.990/2.980 Is required to press bearing from bore.

~ Therefore the bearing should be removed only"
brake module. Be certain outer spline (4) is inslalled with
counterbored end towards bearing in brake.
~ replacement is required. 15. Pressurize brake release port (approx. 300 psi) to
completely release discs. Torque shoulder bolls to 18 ft. Ibs.
ASSEMBLY
~ LUBRICATE ALL RUBBER COMPONENTS FROM REPAIR
and release pressure. A suitable holding fixture is useful to
hold brake in position.
~ KIT WITH CLEAN TYPE FLUID USED IN THE SYSTEM.
~ J.
1. Clean all parts thoroughly before assembling. 16. Press oil seal (2) into cover (1). Note direction of seal
during installation.
2. " removed, press new bearing (19) in pressure plate bore
(18). Insert snap ring (20). 17. Install case gasket (3) in cover (1).
~ 3. Press seal (21) into pressure plate (18) until flush with NOTE: Botts should have Loctite applied. Place one or
~ end of pressure plate. two drops of Loctlte to the threads.
55
• I
• I
Parking Brake - Bleeding / Trouble Shooting

BLEEDING
1. Install brake in system and connect pressure lines. 3. Apply sufficent pressure to release brake and check
2. Bleed pressure release section of brake by for proper operation in system.
\
pressurizing side inlet port and allowing air to escape
\
from top port. Pressure should not exceed 100 psi
during bleeding.
SERVICE DIAGNOSIS
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PROBLEM CAUSE EXPLANATION ACTION
Brake slips A. Excessive pressure If there is back pressure in the brakes Check filters, hose size,
in hydraulic system actuation line, the holding torque of thlf'. restrictions in other
brakes is reduced. hydraulic components.
N
B. Oil in brake if de- Dry linings generate 50% more torque Replace oil seal in brake
signed for dry use than linings saturated with oil. If the Check motor seal
brake has oil in it, check the type of oil Check piston seals
O
hydraulic or gearbox. Note: Internal compo-
I. Gearbox oil nents will need to be
2. Hydraulic oil inspected, cleaned and
replaced as required.
C. Disc plates worn The thickness of the disc stack set the Check disc thickness
D. Springs broken or E
torque level. A thin stack reduces
torque.
Broken or set springs can cause re- Check release pressure
C
have taken a perma- duced torque - a rare occurence.
nent set.
Brake drags or A. Low actuation The brake should be pressurized to Place pressure gauge in
EN
runs hot pressure minimum of 20 psi over the specified bleed port & check
release pressure under normal operat- pressure with system on
ing cond~ions. Lower pressures will
cause the brake to drag thus generat-
ing heat.
B. Bearing failure If the bearing should fail, a large Replace bearing
ER
amount of drag can be generated.

Brake will not A. Stuck valve or Brakes are designerd to come on when Place pressure gauge in
release clogged system pressure drops below stated re- bleed port - check for
lease pressure. If pressure cannot get adequate pressure -
to brake, the brake will not release. Replace defective line
or component
EF
B. Bad o-rings If release piston will not hold pressure, Replace o-rings
brake will not release.
C. Discs frozen Brakes are designed for only lim~ed Replace disk stack
dynamic braking. A severe emergency
stop or prolonged reduced release
pressure operation may result in this
R
type of damage.
56
Inspection and Failure Analysis
This section is intended to serve as a guide for describing and explaining commonly encountered axte problems or
failures, and for recommending appropriate repair procedures.
FAILURE MODE PROBABLE CAUSE RECOMMENDED REPAIR

Fracture of ring gear teeth 1. Excessive loading of the gear beyond Replace ring gear and pinion as matched
at the tooth heel. design intent. set.
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2. Incorrect gear adjustment (excessive Carefully follow the recommended
backlash). procedures for adjusting ring gear and
pinion backlash and tooth pattern.
Fracture of ring gear teeth 1. Shock impact toading. Replace ring gear and pinion as matched
at the tooth toe. 2. Incorrect gear adjustment (insufficient set.
N
backlash). Carefully follow the recommended
procedures for adjusting ring gear and
pinion backlash tooth pattern.
Scored and/or scuffed ring ~ . Insufficient lubrication.
O
Replace ring gear and pinion as a
and pinion gear teeth. 2. Contaminated lubricant. matched set. Replace pinion bearings
3. Wrong lubricant or lubricant with taking care to set ring and pinion
, depleted additives. position and bearing preloads properly.
4. Worn pinion bearings which result in Use correct lubricant, fill to proper level
Overheated ring and pinion

pinion tooth contact.
E
pinion end play and incorrect ring and
1. Prolonged operation at excessive

and change at recommended intervals.
Replace ring and pinion as a matched

C
gear teeth. Look for temperatures. set.
discoloration of the gear 2. Incorrect lubricant Use correct lubricant, fill to specified
teeth . 3. Low oil level. level and change at recommended
EN
4. Contaminated lubricant. intervals.

All of the above can result in inadequate
lubricant film between tooth surfaces
which causes surfaces to overheat due
to excessive friction .
Pitted drive pinion teeth. 1. Extremely severe service . Replace ring gear and pinion as a
ER
2. Insufficient lubrication. matched set.

Use correct lubricant, fill to proper level
Bent axle housing. 1. Vehicle overloading. Replace axle housing.
2. Vehicle accident.
EF
3. Shock loading.
Worn or pitted bearing. 1. Insufficient lubrication. Replace bearing cups and cones in
2. Contaminated lubricant. matched sets. Check roller ends for
3: Very severe service. excessive wear by comparing used
rollers with a new bearing.
4, Normal wear.
R
and change at recommended levels.

Leaking oil seal. 1. Prolonged operation at excessive oil Replace the oil seal and mating surface
temperatures. if damaged.
2. Scored or dented yoke wear surface. Use correct lubricant, fill to proper level
3 . Improperly installed oil seal. and change at the recommended
4. Nicked or cut seal lip. intervals.
5. Contaminated lubricant.
57
Excessive end yoke spline 1. Severe service. Replace the end yoke.
looseness. 2. Loose pinion nut. Check the pinion spline for excessive
3. Pinion end play. wear. @
Replace the ring gear and pinion as a
~
matched set if necessary.
Fatigue fracture of the Severe service Replace the ring gear and pinion as a
LY
pinion gear teeth. Look for matched set.
clear-cui, wavy fracture
lines (beachmarks).
Fracture of differential side
gears and pinion mates.
Shock loading of differential
components.
Replace differential side gears, pinion
mates, and cross shaft as a set.
;
N
Scoring and/or seizure of 1. Excessive wheel spinning. Replace differential side gears, pinion 4,
cross shaft arms and
pinion mate gears.
2.
3.
Inadequate lubrication.
Extremely severe service.
mates, cross shaft and thrust washers
as a set. •
O
4. Unequal tire pressures. Use correct lubricant, fill to proper level ~
~
Worn side gear splines. Severe service. Replace differential side gears and
(Excessive backlash)_ pinion mates as a set. Replace worn 4
Scored or worn thrust

washer surfaces. E
1. Insufficient lubrication.
2. Improper lubrication.
axle shafts.
Replace any scored washer and any
washer Ihat is .005 inch thinner than a
i
C
3. Contaminated lubricant. new one.
EN
Worn pinion roller bearing 1. Severe service. Replace carrier housing.

retainer bore. 2. Excessive pinion end play. Check pinion for excessive endplay.
3. Inadequate lubricalion. Use correct lubricant, fill to proper level
4. Contaminated lubricant. and change at recommended intervals.
Twisted or broken axle Severe vehicle operation. Replace the shaft.
shaft.
ER
Fractured axle shaft at Ihe 1. Loose wheel bearing. Replace the shaft.
flange. 2. Bent axle housing. Check housing distortion. Make certain
3. Loose shaft to wheel hub bolts. that wheel bearings are not worn or
misadjusted.
Noise on Drive 1. Excessive pinion to ring gear 1. Adjust
EF
backlash.
2. Worn pinion and ring gear. 2. Replace
3. Worn pinion bearings. 3. Replace
4. Loose pinion bearings. 4. Adjust
5. Excessive pinion end play. 5. Adjust
6. Worn differential bearings. 6. Replace
R
7. Loose differential bearings. 7. Adjust

8. Excessive ring gear run-out. 8. Replace
9. Low lubricant level. 9. Replenish
10. Wrong or poor grade lubricant. 10. Replace
11. Bent axle housing. 11. Replace
Noise on Coast 1. Axle noises heard on drive will 1. Adjust or replace
usually be heard on coast, although (See above)
not as load.
2. Pinion and ring gear too tight 2. Adjsut
(audible when decelerating and
disappears when driving.
58
Intermittent 1. Warped ring gear. 1. Replace

Noise 2. Loose differential case bolts. 2. TIghten
Contant Noise 1. Flat spot on pinion or ring gear leeth. 1. Replace
2. Flat spot on bearings.
3. Worn pinion splines. 2. Replace
4. Bent axle shaft. 3. Replace
4. Replace
1. Worn differential side gears and 1. Replace
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Noisy on Turns
pinions.
2. Worn differential spider. 2. Replace
3. Worn differential thrust washers. 3. Replace
4. Worn axle shaft splines.. 4. Replace
N
SECTION 4
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Specifications
Spicer Axle Lubricant Recommendations
E
IMPORTANT: Motor vehicles are operated under various requirements, conditions, and environments. This
C
manual specifies the minimum requirements that the lubricants should meet. However, it is recommended
that the lubricants specified by the vehicle manufacturer be used. They may provide additional lubricating
charaC1erlstics which may be required for your vehicle's operation. Contact your local service dealer or
refer to your owner's manual for obtaining proper lubricant specification.
EN
To ensure proper lubrication and operating

temperature in Spicer Axles, it is important that proper SAl 90
lubricants be used and correct lubricant levels be
maintained.
SAl: 80l0I-140
>
SAt I0Il-90
RECOMMENDED LUBRICANTS
ER
Multi-purpose gear lubricants meeting MIL Spec

L-2105C and suitable for API service classification >
SAt HiI-90
GL-5 are suggested as a minimum requirement for
Spicer Industrial axles. Refer to the chart below for SAl: HII
SAE viscosity grade versus ambient air temperature

range recommendations.
-c -40-21
I
-12
I
o ••
I
.15 .31
+I----~--~--+-~--r---+---~--~ I
• c ."
J I I
.'00 0,
EF
.F-40 -15 .10 +32 +40 .10 .10

A.. IIENT AlA TEMPERATURE
LIMITED SLIP DIFFERENTIAL LUBRICATION
Limited Slip Differentials impose additional requirements on lubricants which may not be covered by the above
specifications. Many vehicle manufacturers find it necessary to specify a special lubricant or limited slip additive for
use with Limited Slip Differentials. If required, these special lubricants are normally available through the original
R
equipment manufacturer.
KING PIN BEARING LUBRICATION
King pin bearings are lubricated by packing with grease. For grease packing it is recommended that a No.2 lithium
EP grease suitable for automotive wheel bearings be used. Contact your local vehicle service dealer or refer to
your owner's manual for obtaining the proper lubricant specification, and maintenance schedule.
WHEEL END WET DISC BRAKE LUBRICATION
Wheel end wet disc brakes impose additional requirements on lubricants which may not be covered by the above
specifications. Many vehicle manufacturers find it necessary to specify a special lubricant or additive for use with
them. Contact your local vehicle service dealer or refer to your owner's manual for obtaining.the proper lubricant
specification.
59
FASTENER STRENGTH IDENTIFICATION
IMPORTANT: Whenever fasteners are replaced, it is very important that the fastener be replaced with one
of equal or higher grade and quality. Fasteners should be torqued as recommended or specified for the
application.
WARNING: If fasteners of a lower grade or class are torqued to the requirements of a higher grade or class
fastener, it may result in component failure. (e.g. Grade 5 fastener torqued to the requirements of a grade 8
fastener~
~ fSD
LY
~ QSJ
GRADE 5 GRADE 7 GRADE 8 SPECIAL GRADE
N
(High Slrength
Customary (Inch) Bolts - Identification marks correspond to bolt strength - Increasing numbers Applications)
represent increasing strength.
O
Inch grade fasteners can be identified by the radial lines embossed upon the head of the fastener and will
correspond to the fastener strength by two-lines less than actual grade (I.e. grade 8 fastener will display 6 radial
lines on the head).
NOTE: Male and female threads should be dry and unlubricated (unless purchased new as such~ clean
and free from scale and dirt.
WRENCH TIGHTENING TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
POSITION E WRENCH TORQUE (FT. LBS.)
C
Drive Pinion Nut . .. ... . . ..... . . ... . . ...... . •. .. . . ....• .. .... .. . .. .• .. ... .. .. .... .. .. ... . ...... .240-300
Differential Bearing Cap Capscrews .. ..• .. . •.. . . . .•.. •.. . ... •.. •. . .. .... . ...... . .. . ...... . ....... 180-200
Ring Gear Capscrews .. ... .... .. ... .. . . . . . . .... . .. ..... •.. . ... .. .. .. • . . . ... . . .• . . .. .. .. . . ... . . .120-140
EN
Limited Slip Differential Capscrews . . . ... . . . .. . . ..• . . . . .. '" • .. . ... . . • . . .. " . . . . ... • .. . ...• . . . .... .95-110
Carrier Assembly Mounting Capscrews .... . . .... ...... . .•. . . . . ... .. . .. .. •.. . . .. • . . . .. . ... •. .. ... . .100-115
Pinion Parking Brake Cover Plate Capscrews . .. .. . . ... . . • . .. .. ... . •. . •. .•.. ... ... . . . ... ... . .. . .. .. .90-100
Pinion Parking Brake Module Capscrews . . . . . ..... .. ......•... • ..... . . ... . . .. . • .. • .. • ... .. . .. .. .. .. . . . .85
King Pin Cap Capscrews .. .. . ....... ... . . ...... . .. . . .. ... .. .. .. ..• . .• . . . ... • ..•. . ........ . .. .. . . .. 80-90
Tie Rod and Steer Cylinder Socket Assembly Stud Nuts .. . ..... . . ..•.. • .. .. . . ...•..• . . . .... 140 Min. (Note A)
Tie Rod and Steer Cylinder Socket Assembly Clamp Nuts . ...........• . . • .. . .. . •.. • .. ....... .. ... . .. . .60-70
ER
Spindle Mounting Nuts ...... .. . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. .... ... . • ... ... . .. . .. •. ...... . . • . .. .. .. ...... .. .80-100
Brake Rotor Mounting Capscrews . ..... , . . ' " ... . ... . .... . .•. . . . . . ... . .....•. . . ... • . .• . ........ .. .174-191
Wet Disc Brake Wheel Retainer Capscrews .... . . . . ..... . ... . . . ..... . ... . . . .. . ..... . ....... ... ..... . . . .45
Drive Flange Mounting Capscrews . .. . ....... .. .... . ..... .. . .. .. ... . . ... .. . . .. .. . . . . ....... .. ..... 90-100
A) If cotter pin cannot be installed after minimum torque is attained, the nut must be advanced until cotter pin can
be installed.
EF
BEARING PRELOAD SPECIFICATIONS

Pinion Torque to Rotate (New Bearings Only) . . . . ... .. .. . • . .•... .. . .. . ... • .... . ... . . .. . . .. . . . .. 20-40 in. Ibs.
Additional Torque to Rotate Required or Differential
Bearing Preload (New Bearings Only) .. . .. .. . ........ . , .. •....... . .. . . . . .. . .. , ..... . .5-10in. Ibs. higher than
required for Pinion
Bearing Preload Setting.
R
King Pin Bearing Torque to Rotate Knuckle ... .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. . ... . .. . . . .. .... .. ... .. ... ....... 8-15 ft. Ibs.
Measurement is made less hub components, axle shaft, tie rod, and steering cylinder.
BACKLASH SPECIFICATIONS
Drive Pinion Ring Gear .. .. ... , .. ... . .. ..... .... , . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . .005-.009 in.
60
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236512

• if you assemble components

A ThiS symbol warns of possible personal

indentifies them as a matched set.

Vehicle Storage Or Prolonged Inoperation

Axle Lubricant Change Schedule

BREAK IN AFTER OVERHAUL

2000 hours of operation. When yearly usage is less

A make sure vehicle is properly supported.

Safety Glasses should be worn

recommended. Water can cause corrosion of critical

Dana Corporation, Spicer Off- Highway Axle

E specifications, descriptions, and illustrations, and

1 Caps crew-Self Locking Flange Mounting

7 Drive Flange Washer (Thrust Washer)

8 Bearing Cup (Outer)

1 Snap Ring 16 Bearing Cup (Outer)

6 O-Ring 21 Bearing Cone (Inner)

Tie Rod & Steering Cylinder Mounting

1 TIe Rod Assembly (Items 2 Ihru 5)

4 Clamp Assembly-Tie Rod

and Joint Assembly 13 Stud-Spindle Mounting, Steer Axle

1 Brake Lining (Outer Pad) 9 Bleeder Screw

4 Dust Boot 12 Caliper Support Key

3. Tap drive Ilange with soli faced hammer to break

loose from hub. Remove drive flange from hub.

end wet disc brake if used.

3. Remove planet gears and thrust washers.

4. The planet gears are supported on the planet

shafts by two rows of needle bearings divided by a

1. Insert small screwdriver under end and remove

5. Remove the outer wheel bearing while supporting

2. Remove sun gear and spacer from axle shafl.

6. With the hub supported, carefully remove it from the

3. Remove brake plates and discs. Check friction

Inspect stationary plates for warpage with a straight

as a set. Piston O-rings should also be replaced at

4. Remove brake piston from wheel end.

C. Remove planetary ring gear, brake piston and

wheel retainer as one unit.

SA. Remove outer diameter piston O·ring. Discard and

D. Remove oil passage O·rings from grooves on

11. Inspect wheel bearings, cups and seal. Replace

NOTE: It Is recommended that whenever bearings

NOTE: Whenever it becomes necessary to remove

8. Remove and inspect ouler diameter O-ring on

lB. On planetary equipped with wet disc brake wheel

4. To remove axle shaft assembly on the steering axle,

hold shaft level and pull straight out to avoid damaging

2. Tap spindle with soft faced hammer to loosen from

3. Remove the slotted hex nuts that fasten the cylinder

them . Carefully remove steering cylinder assemblies.

E If repair is required or tie rod adjustment is

1. Remove the wheel end components, spindle. axle

3. Remove both upper and lower bearing caps and

7. Inspect bearing cup and seal; replace if necessary.

NOTE: It Is recommended that whenever bearings

NOTE: Whenever It becomes necessary to remove