CONTINUUM OF LEARNING IN SCIENCE K–10

Values and Attitudes

Early Stage 1 to Stage 3 outcomes Stage 4 to Stage 5 outcomes

A student: A student:

STe-1VA, ST1-1VA, ST2-1VA, ST3-1VA SC4-1VA, SC5-1VA

shows interest in and enthusiasm for science and technology, responding to their curiosity, questions and perceived needs, wants appreciates the importance of science in their lives and the role of scientific inquiry in increasing understanding of the world around
and opportunities them

STe-2VA, ST1-2VA, ST2-2VA, ST3-2VA SC4-2VA, SC5-2VA

demonstrates a willingness to engage responsibly with local, national and global issues relevant to their lives, and to shaping shows a willingness to engage in finding solutions to science-related personal, social and global issues, including shaping
sustainable futures sustainable futures

STe-3VA, ST1-3VA, ST2-3VA, ST3-3VA SC4-3VA, SC5-3VA

develops informed attitudes about the current and future use and influence of science and technology based on reason demonstrates confidence in making reasoned, evidence-based decisions about the current and future use and influence of science
and technology, including ethical considerations

Skills
Early Stage 1 outcomes Stage 1 outcomes Stage 2 outcomes Stage 3 outcomes Stage 4 outcomes Stage 5 outcomes

A student: A student: A student: A student: A student: A student:

STe-4WS explores their immediate ST1-4WS investigates questions and ST2-4WS investigates their questions and ST3-4WS investigates by posing SC4-4WS identifies questions and SC5-4WS develops questions or
surroundings by questioning, observing predictions by collecting and recording predictions by analysing collected data, questions, including testable questions, problems that can be tested or researched hypotheses to be investigated scientifically
using their senses and communicating to data, sharing and reflecting on their suggesting explanations for their findings, making predictions and gathering data to and makes predictions based on scientific
share their observations and ideas experiences and comparing what they and and communicating and reflecting on the draw evidence-based conclusions and knowledge
others know processes undertaken develop explanations
SC4-5WS collaboratively and individually SC5-5WS produces a plan to investigate
produces a plan to investigate questions identified questions, hypotheses or
and problems problems, individually and collaboratively

SC4-6WS follows a sequence of SC5-6WS undertakes first-hand

instructions to safely undertake a range of investigations to collect valid and reliable
investigation types, collaboratively and data and information, individually and
individually collaboratively

SC4-7WS processes and analyses data SC5-7WS processes, analyses and

from a first-hand investigation and evaluates data from first-hand
secondary sources to identify trends, investigations and secondary sources to
patterns and relationships, and draw develop evidence-based arguments and
conclusions conclusions

SC4-8WS selects and uses appropriate SC5-8WS applies scientific understanding

strategies, understanding and skills to and critical thinking skills to suggest
produce creative and plausible solutions to possible solutions to identified problems
identified problems

STe-5WT uses a simple design process to ST1-5WT uses a structured design ST2-5WT applies a design process and ST3-5WT plans and implements a design SC4-9WS presents science ideas, findings SC5-9WS presents science ideas and
produce solutions with identified purposes process, everyday tools, materials, uses a range of tools, equipment, materials process, selecting a range of tools, and information to a given audience using evidence for a particular purpose and to a
equipment and techniques to produce and techniques to produce solutions that equipment, materials and techniques to appropriate scientific language, text types specific audience, using appropriate
solutions that respond to identified needs address specific design criteria produce solutions that address the design and representations scientific language, conventions and
and wants criteria and identified constraints representations
Knowledge and Understanding
Early Stage 1 outcomes Stage 1 outcomes Stage 2 outcomes Stage 3 outcomes Stage 4 outcomes Stage 5 outcomes

A student: A student: A student: A student: A student: A student:

STe-6NE identifies that the way objects ST1-6PW describes some sources of light ST2-6PW identifies ways heat is produced ST3-6PW describes how scientific SC4-10PW describes the action of SC5-10PW applies models, theories and
move depends on a variety of factors and sound that they sense in their daily and that heat moves from one object to understanding about the sources, transfer unbalanced forces in everyday situations laws to explain situations involving energy,
lives another and transformation of electricity is related force and motion
to making decisions about its use

ST1-7PW describes effects of pushes and ST2-7PW describes everyday interactions ST3-7PW uses scientific knowledge about SC4-11PW discusses how scientific SC5-11PW explains how scientific
pulls on objects they encounter between objects that result from contact the transfer of light to solve problems that understanding and technological understanding about energy conservation,
and non-contact forces directly affect people’s lives developments have contributed to finding transfers and transformations is applied in
solutions to problems involving energy systems
transfers and transformations

STe-7NE observes, using their senses, ST1-8ES describes some observable ST2-8ES describes some observable ST3-8ES describes how discoveries by SC4-12ES describes the dynamic nature of SC5-12ES describes changing ideas about
how daily and seasonal changes in the changes that occur in the sky and changes over time on the Earth’s surface people from different cultures and times models, theories and laws in developing the structure of the Earth and the universe
environment affect them and other living landscape that result from natural processes and have contributed to advancing scientific scientific understanding of the Earth and to illustrate how models, theories and laws
things human activity understanding of the solar system solar system are refined over time by the scientific
community

ST1-9ES identifies ways that people use ST2-9ES describes how relationships ST3-9ES explains rapid change at the SC4-13ES explains how advances in SC5-13ES explains how scientific
science in their daily lives to care for the between the sun and the Earth cause Earth’s surface caused by natural events, scientific understanding of processes that knowledge about global patterns of
environment and the Earth’s resources regular changes using evidence provided by advances in occur within and on the Earth, influence the geological activity and interactions
technology and scientific understanding choices people make about resource use involving global systems can be used to
and management inform decisions related to contemporary
issues

STe-8NE identifies the basic needs of living ST1-10LW describes external features, ST2-10LW describes that living things have ST3-10LW describes how structural SC4-14LW relates the structure and SC5-14LW analyses interactions between
things changes in and growth of living things life cycles, can be distinguished from non- features and other adaptations of living function of living things to their components and processes within
living things and grouped, based on their things help them to survive in their classification, survival and reproduction biological systems
observable features environment

ST1-11LW describes ways that different ST2-11LW describes ways that science ST3-11LW describes some physical SC4-15LW explains how new biological SC5-15LW explains how biological
places in the environment provide for the knowledge helps people understand the conditions of the environment and how evidence changes people's understanding understanding has advanced through
needs of living things effect of their actions on the environment these affect the growth and survival of of the world scientific discoveries, technological
and on the survival of living things living things developments and the needs of society

STe-9ME identifies that objects are made ST1-12MW identifies ways that everyday ST2-12MW identifies that adding or ST3-12MW identifies the observable SC4-16CW describes the observed SC5-16CW explains how models, theories
of materials that have observable materials can be physically changed and removing heat causes a change of state properties of solids, liquids and gases, and properties and behaviour of matter, using and laws about matter have been refined
properties combined for a particular purpose between solids and liquids that changes made to materials are scientific models and theories about the as new scientific evidence becomes
reversible or irreversible motion and arrangement of particles available

ST1-13MW relates the properties of ST2-13MW identifies the physical ST3-13MW describes how the properties SC4-17CW explains how scientific SC5-17CW discusses the importance of
common materials to their use for properties of natural and processed of materials determine their use for specific understanding of, and discoveries about, chemical reactions in the production of a
particular purposes materials, and how these properties purposes the properties of elements, compounds range of substances, and the influence of
influence their use and mixtures relate to their uses in society on the development of new
everyday life materials
CONTINUUM OF LEARNING IN TECHNOLOGY K–8
Values and Attitudes
Early Stage 1 to Stage 3 outcomes Stage 4 outcomes

A student: A student:

STe-1VA, ST1-1VA, ST2-1VA, ST3-1VA 4.1.1

shows interest in and enthusiasm for science and technology, responding to their curiosity, questions and perceived needs, wants applies design processes that respond to needs and opportunities in each design project
and opportunities

STe-2VA, ST1-2VA, ST2-2VA, ST3-2VA 4.1.2

demonstrates a willingness to engage responsibly with local, national and global issues relevant to their lives, and to shaping describes factors influencing design in the areas of study of Built Environments, Products, and Information and Communications
sustainable futures
4.3.2
demonstrates responsible and safe use of a range of tools, materials and techniques in each design project

STe-3VA, ST1-3VA, ST2-3VA, ST3-3VA 4.4.1

develops informed attitudes about the current and future use and influence of science and technology based on reason explains the impact of innovation and emerging technologies on society and the environment

4.6.2
identifies and explains ethical, social, environmental and sustainability considerations related to design projects

Skills
Early Stage 1 outcomes Stage 1 outcomes Stage 2 outcomes Stage 3 outcomes Stage 4 outcomes

A student: A student: A student: A student: A student:

STe-4WS explores their immediate surroundings by ST1-4WS investigates questions and predictions by ST2-4WS investigates their questions and ST3-4WS investigates by posing questions, 4.2.2 selects, analyses, presents and applies
questioning, observing using their senses and collecting and recording data, sharing and reflecting predictions by analysing collected data, suggesting including testable questions, making predictions research and experimentation from a variety of
communicating to share their observations and on their experiences and comparing what they and explanations for their findings, and communicating and gathering data to draw evidence-based sources
ideas others know and reflecting on the processes undertaken conclusions and develop explanations

STe-5WT uses a simple design process to produce ST1-5WT uses a structured design process, ST2-5WT applies a design process and uses a ST3-5WT plans and implements a design process, 4.1.1 applies design processes that respond to
solutions with identified purposes everyday tools, materials, equipment and range of tools, equipment, materials and techniques selecting a range of tools, equipment, materials and needs and opportunities in each design project
techniques to produce solutions that respond to to produce solutions that address specific design techniques to produce solutions that address the
identified needs and wants criteria design criteria and identified constraints 4.2.1 generates and communicates creative design
ideas and solutions

4.2.2 selects, analyses, presents and applies

research and experimentation from a variety of
sources

4.3.1 applies a broad range of contemporary and

appropriate tools, materials and techniques with
competence in the development of design projects

4.3.2 demonstrates responsible and safe use of a

range of tools, materials and techniques in each
design project

4.5.1 applies management processes to

successfully complete design projects

4.5.2 produces quality solutions that respond to

identified needs and opportunities in each design
project

4.6.1 applies appropriate evaluation techniques

throughout each design project
Knowledge and Understanding
Early Stage 1 outcomes Stage 1 outcomes Stage 2 outcomes Stage 3 outcomes Stage 4 outcomes

A student: A student: A student: A student: A student:

STe-6NE identifies that the way objects move ST1-6PW describes some sources of light and ST2-6PW identifies ways heat is produced and that ST3-6PW describes how scientific understanding SC4-10PW describes the action of unbalanced
depends on a variety of factors sound that they sense in their daily lives heat moves from one object to another about the sources, transfer and transformation of forces in everyday situations
electricity is related to making decisions about its
use

ST1-7PW describes effects of pushes and pulls on ST2-7PW describes everyday interactions between ST3-7PW uses scientific knowledge about the SC4-11PW discusses how scientific understanding
objects they encounter objects that result from contact and non-contact transfer of light to solve problems that directly affect and technological developments have contributed
forces people’s lives to finding solutions to problems involving energy
transfers and transformations

STe-7NE observes, using their senses, how daily ST1-8ES describes some observable changes that ST2-8ES describes some observable changes over ST3-8ES describes how discoveries by people from SC4-12ES describes the dynamic nature of models,
and seasonal changes in the environment affect occur in the sky and landscape time on the Earth’s surface that result from natural different cultures and times have contributed to theories and laws in developing scientific
them and other living things processes and human activity advancing scientific understanding of the solar understanding of the Earth and solar system
system

ST1-9ES identifies ways that people use science in ST2-9ES describes how relationships between the ST3-9ES explains rapid change at the Earth’s SC4-13ES explains how advances in scientific
their daily lives to care for the environment and the sun and the Earth cause regular changes surface caused by natural events, using evidence understanding of processes that occur within and
Earth’s resources provided by advances in technology and scientific on the Earth, influence the choices people make
understanding about resource use and management

STe-8NE identifies the basic needs of living things ST1-10LW describes external features, changes in ST2-10LW describes that living things have life ST3-10LW describes how structural features and SC4-14LW relates the structure and function of
and growth of living things cycles, can be distinguished from non-living things other adaptations of living things help them to living things to their classification, survival and
and grouped, based on their observable features survive in their environment reproduction

ST1-11LW describes ways that different places in ST2-11LW describes ways that science knowledge ST3-11LW describes some physical conditions of
the environment provide for the needs of living helps people understand the effect of their actions the environment and how these affect the growth SC4-15LW explains how new biological evidence
things on the environment and on the survival of living and survival of living things changes people's understanding of the world
things

STe-9ME identifies that objects are made of ST1-12MW identifies ways that everyday materials ST2-12MW identifies that adding or removing heat ST3-12MW identifies the observable properties of 4.3.1 applies a broad range of contemporary and
materials that have observable properties can be physically changed and combined for a causes a change of state between solids and liquids solids, liquids and gases, and that changes made to appropriate tools, materials and techniques with
particular purpose materials are reversible or irreversible competence in the development of design projects

ST1-13MW relates the properties of common ST2-13MW identifies the physical properties of ST3-13MW describes how the properties of 4.3.2 demonstrates responsible and safe use of a
materials to their use for particular purposes natural and processed materials, and how these materials determine their use for specific purposes range of tools, materials and techniques in each
properties influence their use design project

4.4.1 explains the impact of innovation and

emerging technologies on society and the
environment

STe-10ME recognises how familiar products, places ST1-14BE describes a range of places and spaces ST2-14BE describes how people interact within ST3-14BE describes systems in built environments 4.1.2 describes factors influencing design in the
and spaces are made to suit their purpose in the local environment and how their purposes built environments and the factors considered in and how social and environmental factors influence areas of study of Built Environments, Products and
influence their design their design and construction their design Information and Communications

ST1-15I describes a range of familiar information ST2-15I describes ways that information solutions ST3-15I describes how social influences impact on 4.1.3 identifies the roles of designers and their
sources and technologies and how their purposes are designed and produced, and factors to consider the design and use of information and contribution to the improvement of the quality of life
influence their design when people use and interact with information communication systems
sources and technologies 4.4.1 explains the impact of innovation and
emerging technologies on society and the
ST1-16P describes a range of manufactured ST2-16P describes how products are designed and ST3-16P describes systems used to produce or environment
products in the local environment and how their produced, and the ways people use them manufacture products, and the social and
different purposes influence their design environmental influences on product design 4.6.2 identifies and explains ethical, social,
environmental and sustainability considerations
related to design projects