Kachin Research Journal

irst Attempts (1963): The military leader, General Ne Win's

F Revolutionary Council l
seized the state power on 02 March 1962
and claimed to crush the insurgencies within two years in the entire
country. In fact, his conventional ways of handling the ethnic insur-
gencies had little impact or effectiveness. Soon after realizing that it was not
functioning well, Ne Win government changed its strategy, an that was to paci-
fy the armed insurgency groups through cooperation with the government, by of-
fering cessation of armed hostilities for certain periods of time, rather than to
solve the conflict with sincere political means.

In 1963, When Ne Win attempted to engage a constructive dialogue, he

appeared ready to talk with rebel forces. The first indication of his sympathetic
gesture was the announcement of a general amnesty on 01 April 1963. And a-
gain, on 11 June, the RC announced of its willingness to meet representatives
of the armed opposition groups with firm guarantees of a ceasefire and safe pas-
sage to and from their jungle bases. Thirteen armed opposition forces, inclu-

·86·
 Kachin Research Journal

2
ding Kachin Independence Council , interested to join the peace talks in the
capital Rangoon. The peace talks also brought in the other groups from different
parts of the country.

Under such offer, with hope and trust KIC had dispatched its delegates
twice: the first to Mandalay and the second to Rangoon for peace talks. The
first KIC team led by Lt. Col. Lama La Ring made the peace talks with RC' s
representatives in August 1963 in Mandalay. The pioneering KIC peace dele-
gates were Lt. Col. Lama La Ring, Maj. Zau Dan, 2/Lt. Zau Htang, Dr.
Manam Tu, Mr. CC. Bawk, Mr. Hkun Seng and Mr. Dumhpau La Bung. The
delegates from the Revolutionary Council were as follows.

1. Col. Hla Han

2. Col. Kyaw Soe
3. Lt. Col. Thaung Dan
4. Lt. Col. Chit Khin.

In the second round, Maj. Zau Dan along with Lt. Malizup Zau Mai, Mr.
Hpauyam La, Mr. Sumhka Tu, Mr. Zau Yaw joined the peace talks in Ran-
goon. KIC and RC peace talks lasted from 31 August to 15 November 1963.
The RC demanded all armed forces to surrender. The peace talks finally broke
down after the RC put forward unacceptable conditions such as: all armed
troops must be concentrated in designated areas, troops must not leave these ar-
eas without permission, all organizational work must stop, all fund - raising
must stop, and the location of armed camp must be disclosed to RC. In re-
sponse to the above demands, KIC delegates headed by Maj. Zau Dan and Lt.
Malizup Zau Mai argued for an Independent Kachin State with right of secession
and self - determination.

The peace talk was unfortunately broken at 11: 00 AM on 15 November

1963. In fact, the root causes of conflict between the KIC and the Ne Win mili-
tary government were not exposed during the dialogue by both parties, and sad-

2 Kachin Independence Council = KIC.

During this period, KIC was holding the highe t authority in its administration and KIO (Kachin Independence Organization) posi-
tion was under it.

·87·
 Kachin Research Journal

ly, it was unsolved.

A Short Ceasefire (1972) : The years 1968 -72 marked the Burma Commu-
nist Party 3 greatest ever period of military expansion. The BCP' s main imme-
diate target was the Kachin Independence Organization 4 which had already o-
verrun most of the Chinese border area in the Kachin State and controlled much
of the Kachin Sub - state region in the northern Shan State. At the height of the
BCP' s offensive, the fighting amongst the three sides namely the Kachin Inde-
pendence Army 5 , Tatmadaw 6 and BCP broke out intensely in the Kachin State
and the Kachin Sub - state areas. During this time, contacts for peace talks
were made between Lt. Col. Zau Dan (KIA 4 th Brigade Commander, Kachin
Sub - state, Northern Shan State) and Col. Sein Mya (Burma Armmy - Tat-·
madaw No. 99 Division Commander, Lashio, Northern Shan State). In June
1972, a three and a half month ceasefire was agreed between the KIA and the
North - East Command headed by Col. Aye Ko. The RC tried to persuade the
KIO to join forces against the BCP. In return the KIO requested supplies from
the government. However, Brig. San Yu (Vice - Chief of Staff - Tatmadaw
and Deputy Minister for Defense and Planning) turned down this request. In
the end the three and a half month long ceasefire agreement disintegrated.

Longer Talks ( 1980): In 1979, the KIO made contact the Burma Socialist
Programme Party 7 central authority through the respected local Kachin leaders
for peace talks. In the following, year, the BSPP made the state announcement
for the general amnesty to all parts of the country. This general amnesty initial-
ly allowed for (90) days. But in the case of the KIO, the peace talks was ex-
tended to ten months (300 days) .

During the peak rainy season, on 17 - 18 August 1980 the MSL 8 peace
mediating delegates from Myitkyina, the Kachin State capital, arrived at

3 Burma Communist Party = BCP

4 Kachin Independence Organization = KIO. The highest authority was transferred to KIO Central Committee from KIC in
1969.
5 Kachin Independence Army = KIA
6 Tatmadaw , Burma Military Force
7 Burma Socialist Programme Party = BSPP
8 MSL: ''§,''''"'l\loSC\)SC\)Ii:''201~'' in Burmese tongue means" Burmese Way to Socialism" which equalizes to "Burma
Socialist Programme Party" .

. 88·
 Kachin Research Journal

"Dabak Yang" , from where they communicated with the KIO leaders, and the
meeting was held there. "Dabak Yang" located on the Myitkyina - Bhomo mo-
tor road became the initial station of peace efforts in 1980.

At Dabak Yang meeting, those who came from Myitkyina were:

1. Ex - Capt. Hkun Seng (on behalf of MSL Party and Council) ,

2. Ex - Maj. Ubyit Tu (delegate of the Kachin veterans) ,
3. Duwa Lawang Li (on behalf of the Kachin politicians) ,
4. Rev. Fr. Lawhkum Lawt Naw (representative of Roman Catholic
Church) ,
5. Rev Lahtaw Saboi Ium (Baptist Church representative) .

KIO team consisted of:

1. Brig. Malizup Zau Mai,

2. Maj. Hkangsau Kam Htoi,
3. Maj. Nbangbum Sinwa Naw ,
4. Maj. Banma Zau Hpang.

At the meeting of Dabak Yang, the mediation team brought the following
messages for the KIO: "the KIO' s 20 years of prolonged revolutionary resist-
ance does not yield a good result, which means people are suffering from sever-
al kinds of troubles as far as the KIO hopefully depended on People's Republic
of China for military supplies, it is not possible to procure what the KIO needs;
the BCP will not help KIO sufficiently (the BCP will not make the KIO greater
than them) ; it is not possible to establish an Independent Kachin State; there-
fore come all together into the constitutional frame and join in the development
effort for the Kachin State as well as for the Union of Burma. When the general
amnesty period ends, the MSL government will launch offensive intensively in
the KIO areas, the KIO and the people will be unnecessarily miserable because
of the attack of Tatmadaw. As for the sake of peace and welfare of the public,
the peace should be sought together" .

The explanation responded by KIO were: "the general amnesty does not
clearly bring about the political solution, instead it seems like forcing us to sur-
• 89 .
 Kachin Research Journal

render, therefore the KIO headquarters is not in a position to accept the general
amnesty, MSL offers. However, instead of the Independent Kachin State, KIO
demands the autonomy with self - determination within the Union of Burma" .

At the conclusion of Dabak Yang meeting, the peace mediators earnestly

encouraged the KIO to negotiate with MSL authority for more meaningful dia-
logue if the KIO abandoned its Independent Kachin State position. Then, they
all returned to Myitkyina to report the latest situation of the KIO to the MSL au-
thority.

As regards the connection of the prev.ious Dabak Yang meeting, the peace
th
mediation team diligently reached the KIO headquarters on 26 September
1980. They informed the KIO leaders that MSL authority needed to know clear-
ly what the KIO meant about the autonomy with self - determination. Here,
MSL and KIO had different political agenda. MSL authority desired the KIO to
come first into the constitutional frame and then, negotiate the matters con-
cerned. Contrary to that, the KIO wished to negotiate the matters first and
then, if satisfied that it met its interests, they would enter into the frame of the
MSL. In explanation of the above matters, the KIO says that "it is unaccepta-
ble what the MSL suggests, it means us to surrender to them, and it dose not
have the political meanings". As for the self determined autonomy already ex-
plained in Dabak Yang meeting, the KIO elaborated again that their self - de-
termination meant the greater control over State administration as well as politi-
cal rights, security, economics and social affairs. The agreement treaty be-
tween the BCP and the KIO was also indicated to them.

th
On 6 October 1980, the peace mediators reported about the" MSL consti-
tution of 1974" to the KIO Central Committee and disclosed that the general
amnesty of MSL - 2/80 is extendible if required. On the next day, KIO Chair-
man Mr Maran Brang Seng demanded the following three points to them: 1. to
extend the MSL - 2/80 general amnesty period, 2. not to make any further de-
mand since ~l had been already forwarded to MSL higher authority completely,
3. to include more persons in the peace negotiation team.

Without wasting much time, the peace mediation team rushed back t~ the
KIO area and reported the message from the MSL to the KIO higher authority on
·90·
 Kachin Research Journal

13rd October 1980. As a result, the KIO delegates were invited to join the
peace talks in Rangoon by the government of the Socialist Republic of the U-
th
nion of Burma. On 16 October 1980, KIO delegation comprising:

(1) Mr Maran Brang Seng (KIOCC 9 Chairman)

(2) Mr Lanyaw Zawng Hra (KIO CC - General Secretary) ,
(3) Mr Gauri Zau Seng (KIOCC - member) ,
( 4) Dr Manam Tu Ja (KIOCC Chairman's medical caretaker)
were helicoptered in from Dabak Yang to Rangoon, the former capital city of
Burma.

9 Kachin Independence Organisation Central Committee = KIOCC

·91 .
 Kachin Research Journal

RGN.OOI

RGN. 001. Above:

L-+R: Mr Ne Win, Mr Maran Brang Seng ]
The President of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma and the KIO Chairman
greeting each other with a smile and a handshake in exchange of recognition.
Rangoon, October, 1980.
RGN.002

RGN. 002. Above:

[ L-+ R: President Ne Win, Mr Lanyaw Zawng Hra, Chairman Maran Brang Seng ]
Friendly greetings at the beginning of talks.
. Rangoon, October 1980 .

. 92·
 Kachin Research Journal

RGN.003

RGN. 003. Above:

[ L•• R: Mr. Maran Brang Seng , Gen. Tin 00 (MIS 10 - Chief)
A welcome handshake at the beginning of talks
Rangoon, October, 1980.
RGN.004

RGN. 004. Above:

[L •• R: Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Gen Tin 00 (MIS - Chief) ]
Welcome greetings as the talks begin
Rangoon. October 1980.

10 MIS: Military Intelligence Service

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 Kachin Research Journal

The KIO delegation led by Chairman Maran Brang Seng arrived III Ran-
goon the same day they departed from Dabak Yang. At Rangoon, the MSL top
leaders, namely, President Ne Win, Mr. San Yu, Mr. Maung Maung Kha,
Mr. Kyaw Htin, Mr. Than Hlaing, Col. Lahpai Hkun Nawng extended them a
warm welcome.
RGN.005

RGN. 005 Above:

[L •• R: Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra, Mr. Gauri Zau Seng ,
Col. Lahpai Hkun Nawng (wearing white Taikpone jacket) ]
KIOCC - General Secretary greetings Co1. Lahpai Hkun Nawng
who was the principal of DSA ll, Myamyo.
October 1980. Rangoon.
RGN.006

RGN. 006. Above:

[L •• R: Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra, Col. Lahpai Hkun Nawng,
Dr. Manam Tu Ja (center) ]
KIOCC member greeting Co1. Lahpai Hkun Nawng with a warmly Handshake.
Rangoon. October, 1980.

U Defence Service Academy = DSA

. 94·
 Kachin Research Journal

RGN.007

•.. .•.
~.,..-~
"fn lh' f!' C\ R n
RGN. 007. Above:
[L •• R: Mr. San Yu, Mr. Ne Win, Mr. Maran Brang Seng,
Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra, Mr. Gauri Zau Seng ]
President Ne Win ice - breaking talks with Chairman Maran Brang Seng
at Rangoon Peace Parley. Rangoon, October, 1980.
RGN.008

RGN. 008. Above: [ Mr. San Yu, Mr. Ne Win, Mr. Maran Brang SengJ
The peace talks lasted for 5 days from 18th - 20 th October
between the KIO delegates and the MSL top leaders.
Rangoon, October 1980.

·95·
 Kachin Research Journal

RGN.009

RGN. 009. Above:

The top ranking leaders of the MSL, KIO representatives, and peace mediators ]
Meeting for peace talks. Rangoon, October 1980.
RGN.OIO

Rgn. 010. Above:

[L •• R: Mr. San Yu, Mr. Maran Brang Seng , President Ne Win;
behind the KIO chairman, those standing are Ex - Minister Wabaw Zau Rip,
Ex - Maj. Ubyit Tu, Ex=- Capt. Hkun Seng, Ex - Minister Duwa Lawang Li,
Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Jum , Rev. Fr. Lawhkum Lawt Naw. ]
The president hosts a dinner at government house attended by the KIO leaders.

·96·
 Kachin Research Journal

RGN.011

RGN. OIl. Above: [ Tatmadaw leaders, Kachin peace mediators and KIO delegation:
Mr. Maran Brang Seng (sitting in the center of the first line) ,
Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra, Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Dr. Manam Tu Ja]
Together in front of the government guest house where they took rest during the peace talks.
Rangoon, October 1980.
RGN.012

RGN. 012. Above:

[L. R: President Ne Win, Chairman Maran Brang Seng, Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra,
Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Dr. Manam Tu Ja ]
Meeting: working hard on peaceful solution.
Rangoon, October 1980.

. 97·
 Kachin Research Journal

RGN.013

RGN. 013. Above: [ Tatmadaw leaders, Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra ( fourth from the
left) , Mr. Maran Brang Seng (fifth from the right) , Mr. Gauri Zau Seng (third from
the right) , Dr. Manam Tu Ja (far right) ]
All together in front of the government guest house.
Rangoon, October 1980.
RGN.014

RGN. 014. Above:

[L-+R: Mr. Maran Brang Seng, Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra,
Mr. Gauri Zau Seng , Ex - Capt. Hkun Seng ]
Meeting for peace talks.
Rangoon, October 1980.

·98·
 Kachin Research Journal

RGN.013

RGN. 013. Above: [ Tatmadaw leaders, Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra ( fourth from the
left) , Mr. Maran Brang Seng (fifth from the right) , Mr. Gauri Zau Seng (third from
the right) , Dr. Manam Tu Ja (far right) ]
All together in front of the government guest house.
Rangoon, October 1980.
RGN.014

RGN. 014. Above:

[L-+R: Mr. Maran Brang Seng, Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra,
Mr. Gauri Zau Seng , Ex - Capt. Hkun Seng ]
Meeting for peace talks.
Rangoon, October 1980.

·98·
 Kachin Research Journal

RGN.015

RGN. 015. Above:

[L~R: Mr. Hpawyu Hka (Kachin State Chairman),
Gen Aye San (Northern Division Commander) , Gen Tin 00 (MSL - Central
Committee General Secretary - 2, Col. Lahpai Hkun Nawng (Myamyo DSA Principal) ,
Mr. Mawng Mawng Kha (Prime Minister) ]
Meeting for peace talks. Rangoon, October 1980.
RGN.0l6

J
11;-

RGN. 016. Above:

[L~R: Mr. San Yu, Mr. Maran Brang SengJ
Together at the State dinner.

. 99·
 Kachin Research Journal

Rangoon. October 1980.

RGN.017

RGN. 0l7. Above:

[Lo+R: Mr. Maran Brang Seng, Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra , Mr. Gauri Zau Seng,
Dr. Manam Tu Ja ]
KIa leaders attending the meeting for its proposal.
Rangoon. October, 1980.
RGN.018

RGN. 018. Above: [Lo+R: Ex -Maj. Ubyit Tu, Ex -Minister Wabaw Zau Rip,
Ex - Brig. Lazum Tang Ji , Ex - Minister Duwa Zau lawn, Duwa Maran Hkun Hpung ,
Ex - Minister Duwa Lawang Li, Ex - Capt. Hkun Seng (centre in the back line) ]
Kachin peace mediators together with Tatmadaw leaders in front of the government guest hou
Rangoon, October 1980 .

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 Kachin Research Journal

Having negotiated for peace at Rangoon for (5) days, the KIa delegates
arrived back at Dabak Yang on 23rd October 1980, the place they had begun
their peace odyssey. On the next morning (24 th, October 1980) , they held a
public meeting at Dabak Yang school and in the evening it was again held at Ja
Pu. On 25 th they reached the KIa Headquarters at Hpalap Bum. But, the long
time sought peaceful reconciliation had yet to be settled.

RGN.019

RGN. 019. Above: [ Mr. San Yo, Mr. Maran Brang Seng ]
Shaking hands after leaving the peace talks meeting room.
e President Ne Win went to Peking, China as unscheduled trip for an emergency meeting
with Chinese leaders Deng Xiao Ping and Huo feng and the BCP Chairman Mr. Ba Thein
Tin. So that the peace with the KIO leaders, which had just started, could continue, he
handed over discussions to Brig. San Yu and MIS - Chief Gen. Tin 00. )
Rangoon. October 1980.

• 101 .
 Kachin Research Journal

K.020

K. 020 Above:
A crowd of Kachin people waiting for the KIO delegates as they return from the
Rangoon Peace Parley. ]
The thought in everyone's mind was "Will this lead to meaningful peace?"
Kachin State, 1980.
K.021

K. 021. Above: [ KIA Army, Tatmadaw Army]

Shaking hands with each other. , A KIA soldier with M -16 Rifle, raises his right hand and
cries out "Peace ! Peace !". All await the results of the talks anxiously.
War frontline of Kachinland, 1980.

. 102 .
 -
Kachin Research Journal

After KIO Chairman Maran Brang Seng' s team returned from the Rangoon
meeting, the KIO Headquarters despatched its delegation again, consisting of
Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra , Maj. Gauri Zau Seng, Maj. Dauje Seng Hpung and
Maj. Nbangbum Sinwa Naw to Myitkyina for a second round of peace efforts.
The main issue to negotiate with the government authority was to include Kachin
State autonomy with self - determination right into the 1974 constitution of the
Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma.
MKA.022

--

MKA. 022. Above:

[L •• R: Duwa Ndu Zau Tawng , Maj. Gauri Zau Seng , Maj. Dauje Seng Hpung ]
Myitkyina meeting, November 1980.
MKA.023

MKA. 023. Above:

[L •• R: Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra, Maj. Dauje Seng Hpung, Maj. Gauri Zau Seng]
KIO delegacy leader Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra discussing the matters concerned at the meeting.
Myitkyina, November 1980

. 103·
 Kachin Research Journal

Hg.024

K. 024. Below: [L - R: Tatmadaw Army officer raising his right hand enthusiastically
and smiling, Du kaba Gauri Zau Seng garlanded with flowers and facing the public,
Sara kaba Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Jum ]
People greet those involved in the peace efforts.
Kachin State, 1980.
Hg.026

Hg.026. Above. [ Tatmadaw officers KIO officers Kachin ladies

from Hukawng valley]
Dum Bang village on the Ledo Road connecting India - Burma - china
Hugawng Valley, 1980.

·104 .
 Kachin Research Journal

On 14thDecember, 1980 the KIO Headquarters sent its third round peace dele-
gation headed by Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra to Myitkyina. Besides Mr. Lanyaw Zawng
ilia, there were Brig. Larmmg Tu [ai , Maj. Gauri Zau Seng and Maj. Nbangbum
Sinwa Naw in his team. When they arrived Myitkyina on 16th December, they were
warmly received by Northern Division Commander Gen. Aye San, the Kachin State
1 g c
Chairman Hpauyu Hka, Regional Party General Secretary (G3::DOI0') 3d06c:GQ:¥ll:)
La - ung Yaw, MSL party member Ndu Zau Tawng and Mr. Peter Lasang Gawng.
th
The third round of peace talks were held on 17 to 24th December 1980. In the
meeting, mainly regarding the KIO' s demand, the enactment of autonomous rights
in the 1974 constitution, was rejected by saying that since the 1974 constitution had
been adopted by referendum, the Burmese Socialist Programme Party ( MSL Party
) had no right to acceded to the demands which had not been accepted by the vote
of the people. There was also another obstacle. Article 11 of the 1974 constitution
which says : "The State shall adopt a single - party system. The Burma Socialist
Programme Party is the sole political party and it shall lead the state. " However,
the KIO delegates firmly demanded the autonomous right to be accepted as a poli-
cy. The government authority replied that it was not possible to accept officially as
a policy. Further reasons they gave were that since it belonged to procedure section
( 8) it was not agreeable within the 1974 constitution of the Socialist Republic of the
Union of Burma. The KIO also asked to place an " Ethnic Affairs Minister
o ('~
(C\j{~l:o( G61:E>f>°~e3:) in the governing body of the Union of Burma. The MSL
party stated that they would need to take time to consider their reply. They agreed
to fix the next fourth round meeting on 16th February 1981.

th
On 28th - 29 December 1980, there was a large public gathering at D
Yang to where people from near and far came to express their own opinion. In here.
the Kachin Public opinion was clearly to obtain "An entirely Sovereign, indepe
ent state" and if this was not possible, at least not to step down from the "Auto
mous Rights" position. It was the public's strong desire and opinion.

Although they had fixed the date of the next meeting of peace talks on 1
February at Myitkyina, the KIO delegates were only able to leave the KIO H
quarters, Hpalap Bum, on rr: February. They reached Myitkyina on 01 st
1981. This time also, Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra was the KIO team leader along
Brig. Lamung Tu Iai , Maj. Gauri Zau Seng. The fourth round peace talks m
were held from 03rd to io" March 1981. The KIO delegates again continued to
mand autonomous rights. They also negotiated about the ceasefire to be dec1
ficially. The KIO team expressed its stance that a political solution could onb
. 105·
 Kachin Research Journal

chieved through peaceful means and by talking across the table. The MSL, pointed
out two things mainly: 1. It had nothing more to say about the autonomous rights,
which has already been mentioned in the previous meetings; 2. Regarding the nego-
tiating meeting and the ceasefire announcement, it would make the decision when
the KIO peace delegates arrived Myitkyina. Both parties had agreed in it and signed
on it.
MKA.029

MKA. 029. Above:

[ Peace Mediators: Ex - Maj. Ubyit Tu, Duwa Lawang Li, Ex - Capt. Hkun Seng,
Rev. Fr. Lawhkum Lawt Naw, Rev. Saboi Ium ,
MSL Government Authority: Duwa Ndu Zau Tawng' s group,
KIO Delegates: Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra, Brig Lamung Tu Jai,
Maj. Gauri Zau Seng (centre, holding the news journal) ]
Myitkyina, 1981.
MKA.030

MKA. 030. Above:

[ L•• R : Maj. Gauri Zau Seng, Kachin State MSL Party (G3::Dold5)
General Secretary Mr. La - ung Yaw]
Myitkyina, 1981.

. 106·
 Kachin Research Journal

MKA.031

MKA. 031. Above: [ R•• L : Kachin State Chairman Mr. Hpauyu Hka,
Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra, Northern Div. Commander Gen. Aye San, Brig. Lamung Tu Jai,
Maj. Gauri Zau Seng, Maj Nbang Bum Sin Wa Naw and those standing behind the
frontline are Kachin Youths ]
o DC
State Guest House (8CD0>61o:::>..y:)
Myitkyina. 10 March 1981.

The Kachin peace mediators and KIO delegates met for discussions at
Dabak Yang on 16 th April 1981. In the peace mediation team were Ex - Capt.
Hkun Seng, Ex - Maj. Ubyit Tu, Ex - Minister Duwa Lawang Li, Rev.
Lahtaw Saboi Jum, while those who represented the KIO were Brig. Lamung Tu
Jai, Maj. Banma Zau Hpang and Maj. Lagai Tang Lai. At the Dabak Yang
meeting, through peace mediators, KIO delegates passed the massages saying
that

1. they desired pace

2. but the KIO Central Committee meeting needed to be held
3. unable to meet the date fixed by MSL (time would be too limited for
KIO)
4. wanted to extend to 15th May 1980 .
. 107 •
 Kachin Research Journal

They agreed to extend the date up to 151h May 1981. In order to achieve u-
nanimous decisions, the 71h KIO Central Committee Meeting was held urgently
at KIO Headquarters, Hpalap Bum, on 23rd to 281h April 1981. The partici-
pants of the KIO Central Committee members were:

1. Mr. Maran Brang Seng (KIOCC Chairman)

2. Brig. Mali Zup Zau Mai (KIOCC Vice - Chairman )
3. Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra (KIOCC General Secretary) ,
4. Brig. Lamung Tu Jai ( Chief of Department of General
Administration)
5. Maj. Cauri Zau Seng (Finance Dept. )
6. Maj. Hkang Sau Kam Htoi (2nd Bde. BC)
7. Maj. Banma Zau Hpang (151 Bde. BC)
8. Maj. Nbang Bum Sin Wa Naw (SP)
9. Maj. Hkun Chio (S - Div. 0)
10. Mr. Mangshang Ding Bawm (E -Div. 0 )
11. Mr. Tawng Si ( E - A. Div. 0)
12. Maj. Dau Je Seng Hpung ( 4 th Bde. BC)
13 . Maj. Lagai Tang Lai (151 Bde. BM).

At the KIO Central Committee meeting, three main points were agreed:

1. to obtain peace
2. to cooperate and to strengthen politically and,
3. to make efforts through political means in the negotiation - peace talks
with the MSL authority.

After the Central Committee meeting, KIOCC General Secretary Mr. Lan-
yaw Zawng Hra and his team members left Hpalap Bum, KIO Headquarters,
for Dabak Yang where they had to meet the Kachin peace mediators coming
from Myitkyina. They met there on 12nd May 1981. Then, the MSL authority
invited the KIO Chairman, the General Secretary and other members concerned
1h
to come to Rangoon on 19 May 1981. The invitation related to two points,
which were:

1. to sign an agreement for peace and co - operation of the country

0 C ~ Cr:s2c c '1 c c cr::::C r;::;: C
Q C co)
( orC:t3~ tS~:~~:GE;[:~:GO IC:G@Y.)C§rnL3c :::DG::rnOj{~ Ge30C: C\)(D'rcnGE;[:o?:E;[~

2. to announce a ceasefire
C C c: -, r::::C r;::;:r:::: c
( 3doQ)3d6>(DE;[oQ)L3C:Ge3tS0E;[~).

• 108 .
 Kachin Research Journal

KIO Chairman Maran Brang Seng and his team members left KIO Headquar-
ters, Hpalap Bum, on io" May 1981 and met with the Kachin Peace mediators at
Dabak Yang. In the meeting, the KIO asked the MSL authority to use the phrase
" to contmue
. th e peace negotiations
.. (r;2C C
L5~:<tJ~:G~: C C
aomC\)mGoxa:G~:~~, ~) "b ut wh at

the KIO asked was not accepted by the MSL authority. As the result, KIO Chair-
man Maran Brang Seng and his team redirected their steps to the KI 0 Headquarters
Hpalap Bum on is" May 1981. The peace efforts came to an end at " Dabak Yang"
from where it had been launched. Peace, a desire long felt, was again put out of
touch.

Ceasefire (1994) : After a decade or so, the light of peace, shimmered

first initiated in 1963, then in 1972 and again in 1980 respectively, was en-
lightened again in October 18, 1990 at Pangsai, a sleepy border town of Sino -
Myanmar, Northern Shan state. The peace - talks between KXO and NWT12 was
able to be initiated on the peace - bridge being connected by peace mediators:
former Israel Ambassador Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Jum
and Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat.

The KIO team members were Lt. Col. Banma Zau Hpang, Mr. Lama
Gumhpan, Maj. Manam Tu Ja and Lt. Hpunggan Hkun Nawng. In the NWT
team, led by Col. Tin Win, were Lt. Col. Kyaw Thein, Ma]. Than Aye and
Capt. Myint Swe. In order to materialize the peace process again, the Kachin
peace mediators first tried to consult KIO Chairman Mr. Maran Brang Seng.
TB.031

TB. 031. Above:

[ L•• R : Gen. Phukhar ( Royal Thai Army) and Mr. Maran Brang Seng (KIO Chairman) ,
Mr. Michael Maran Ja La (Special PA to KIO Chairman) ,
Dr. Stephen Morse, wearing army cap]
On the way to KNU headquarters - Manerplaw, Mui River, Thai - Myanmar Border, 1989.

12 NWT(",00') / SLORC: State Law and OrderRestoration Council

(t8C,,0o8l5{;o68EP:'''l:;~0')'P:2o''3~:~:'''l:,,=8~)

. 109·
 Kachin Research Journal

TB.032

TB. 032. Above:

[ L•• R : Mr. Gauri Zau Seng (ROKA 13 Chief) , Rev. Saboi Ium ,
former Israel Ambassador Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat]
Somewhere on Mui river, Thai - Myanmar Border, On the way to KNU Headquarters
Manerplaw, where KIO Chairman Mr. Maran Brang Seng Had recently arrived from
Europe, 1989.
TB.033

TB. 033. Above:

[ L•• R: Mr. Hkun Myat, Mr. Gauri Zau Seng,
Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Rev. Saboi Ium , Ms. Seng Raw
(presently Programme Director of Metta Development Foundation,
formerly Liaison Officer of ROKA - Bangkok) ]
Peace struggle journey . somewhere on the way to Maesamlep by car from Maesaring ,
Thailand, 1989.

13 ROKA: Representative Office of Kachin Affairs

. 110 •
 Kachin Research Journal

TB.034

TB. 034. Above:

[L •• R: K Chairman Gen. Saw Bo Mya, KIO Chairman Mr. Maran Brang Seng]
Discussing the Burma Peace Parley.
KNU Headquarters. Manerplaw, 1990.
TB.035

TB. 035. Above:

[ L•• R: Rev. Lah taw Saboi Iurn , Chairman Maran Brang Seng,
Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm ]
Peace mediators meeting with KIO Chairman, Thailand, February 24, 1990 .

. 111 .
 Kachin Research Journal

T.036

T. 036. Above:
[ L•• R: Maj. Gen. Malizup Zau Mai (Chief of Staff of KIA) ,
Mr. Maran Brang Seng (KIO Chairman) , Gen. Phukhar ( Royal Thai Army) ]
During the peace process struggles, seeking constructive ideas
from the neighboring countries of Burma. Thailand, 1989.
T.037

T. 037. Below:
[ L•• R: Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat, Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Mr. Maran Brang Seng,
Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Jum, Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm,
Ms. Seng Raw (standing behind the group) ]
The mediators consulting about the peace talks with KIO Chairman.
Thailand, 24 February 1990 .

. 112 .

- --- ------------
 Kachin Research Journal

T.038

T. 038 . Above:
[ L•• R: Mr. Lahtaw Zau Bawm, Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat, Mr. James Jurnhpawk Lum Dau,
Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Chairman Maran Brang Seng, Rev. Lahtaw Saboi J um ,
Ms. Nahpaw Kaw Mai (wife of KIO Chairman) , Mr. Cauri Zau Seng ]
The peace mediators together with KIO Chairman and KIO - ROKA members.
Thailand, 1990.
T.039

T.039. Above:
[ L•• R: Duwa Hpauyam La Wawrn, Chairman Maran Brang Seng,
Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Jum]
Writing an official letter to be dispatched to the State Law and Order Restoration Council.
Thailand, February 24, 1990 .

. 113 .
 Kachin Research Journal

T.040

T.040. Above:
[L •• R: Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Rev. Lahtaw Saboi lum,Chairman Maran Brang Seng ]
All together perusing the official letter just written, to be forwarded to
the State Law and Order Restoration Council.
Thailand, 24 February 1990.
T.-041

T.041. Above:
[L •• R: Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Ium , Chairman Maran Brang Seng,
Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat ]
Sitting together just having written the official letter to be given to the SLORC
Thailand, 24 February 1990 .

. 114 .
 Kachin Research Journal

T.042

T.042. Above:
[L •• R: Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat,
Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Jum ]
The peace mediators together with Mr. Gauri Zau Seng (KIO Vice - Secretary and
Chief of ROKA) at a resort on way to meet KIO Chairman.
Thailand, 1990.
T.043

T.043. Above:
[L •• R: Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Chairman Maran Brang Seng J
Peace mediator willingly reporting the" good - will gesture"
from the SLORC to KTO Chairman. Hong Kong, 1990 .
• 115 .
 Kachin Research Journal

T.044

T. 044. Above:
[ L~ R: Chairman Maran Brang Seng, Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat, Ms. Nahpaw Kaw Mai,
Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm, Mr. Gauri Zau Seng]
The peace mediation team with KIO Chairman at Shanghai, China, 1990.
Hk.045

Hk. 045. Above:

[L~R: Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm,
Chairman Maran Brang Seng , Ms. Nahpaw Kaw Mai]
During the peace stmggling process, the peace mediation team often come
and meet where the KIO Chairman was.
Hong Kong, 1991.

. 116 .
 Kachin Research Journal

Hk.046

Hk.046. Above:
[ L-+R: Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat, Ms. Nahpaw Kaw Mai, Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm,
Chairman Maran Brang Seng ]
The peace mediation team with KIO Chairman. Hong Kong, 1991.
Hk.047

Hk.047. Above:
[L-+R: Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Ms. Nahpaw Kaw Mai,
Chairman Maran Brang Seng, Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Ium ]
Hong Kong, 1990 .

. 117 •
 Kachin Research Journal

T.048

T.048. Above: [L •• R: Dr. Michael Baumann (Member of Parliament, Germany) ,

Cen. Saw Bo Mya (K U Chairman), Mr. Saw Ba Thin, Chairman Maran Brang Seng,
Gen. Phukhar, ( Royal Thai Army]
Meeting for lasting peace in Burma. Thailand, 1991.
T.049

T. 049. Above:
KIO Chairman held the meeting and in exchange of views with distinguished scholars in
the matter of development of peace effort in Burma.
Thailand, 1991 .

. 118 .
 =

Kachin Research Journal

T.OSO

T.050. Above
[International supporters at discussion about peaceful reconciliation in Burma]
Thailand, 1991.
T.OSI

T. 051. Above:
[ Dr. Michael Baumann (2",1 from the left)
participating in the KIO Chairman's Burma Peace struggle]
Thailand, 1991.

. 119 .
 Kachin Research Journal

T.052

T. 052. Above:
[ L. . R: Mr. Gauri ZauSeng, Ms. Seng Raw, Dr. . Michael Baumann,
Chairman Maran Brang Seng ]
Collecting the well - constructive ideas for the establishment of peace in Burma.
Thailand, 1991.

La.••hin dc lup hpJ\\ ng ~:I 11,\ maru \1t'\:1 \!ungd.m. \i.I!I!-!,hl \I~ •• 1...1\\ n-n .•
Wan Dill \1~'" I."~,In tt~rltl:! JI

KIO " Peace talks" Delegates in Wan Din City,

border town of Sino - Myanrnar ,
Chinna, 1992.
L - R: Mr. Lazing Ii Nawng, Mr. Mangshang Ding Bawm, Mr. Gaun Zau Seng,
Rev. Saboi Iurn , Maji Zau lng, Mr. Hpauyam La Wawm, Chairman Malizup Zau Mai,
Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat, Dr. Lahkyen La Ja , Mr. Zawng Buk Htan .

. 120 .
 Kachin Research Journal

4. Lt. Col. Kyaw Win (M. I) ,

5. Lt. Col. Kyaw Thein (GSO -1, Int. Unit),
6. Maj. Myint Htwe (G - 2, North East Div, MI ) ,
7. Maj. Tin Maung Win (No. 9 Int. Unit Commander) .

During the meeting, it was agreed that the meeting site was to be shifted
from Lashio to Myitkyina, Kachin State, where the "cross - table peace talks"
shall be continued. At this time, little more could be decided upon. The Myit-
kyina peace meeting was continued by both delegations on 22 January 1993, at
Malikha Yiktha. At the Myitkyina peace parley, the delegation strength on both
sides were reinforced and some officers were changed because of shifting the ge-
ographical location. The KIO delegation was headed by Brig Lamung Tu Iai
(KIC Vice - President) and the SLORC delegates were:

(1) Maj. Gen. Aye Kyaw ( North East Div. Commander)

(2) Maj. Gen. Saw Lwin (Northern Div. Commander)
(3 ) Col. Mawng Bo (Northern A. Div. Commander)
( 4) Lt. Col. Kyaw Thein (GSO -1, Dept. of Int. Unit)
(5) Lt. . Col. Thein Tun (Bamaw Strategic Commander )
(6) Lt. Col. Myo Myint (GSO -1, Northern Div. )
(7) Maj. Kyaw Win (No.8 - Int. Unit Commander)

Maj. Gen. Aye Kyaw ( standing)

Myinkyina , 1993

• 122 •
 Kachin Research Journal

The meetings were held on 6

th
March, and then continuously is" - 23 rd
of
March, 1993 in Myitkyina for further more negotiations with SLORC. The KIO
had a number of urgent issues needed to be discussed and to be decided upon
among themselves. Before going further from their present position, KIO Vice
- Chairman Malizup Zau Mai called for an emergency meeting of KIO Central
Committee at his residential office on 3151 March 1993.

On 6 th - 7 th of April, 1993 the meetings were held by both delegates at

Malikha Yiktha in which Maj. Gen. Aye Kyaw gave a short opening speech
and then, Brig. Lamung Tu Jai and Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra both from KIO,
gave speeches respectively. Then, both sides mainly discussed about the relo-
cation of armed forces. After that,
without consuming much time, the peace
talks were again on the table at Malikha Yiktha on 26th _27th May 1993. On 15t
th
- 6 of July, 1993 both delegates negotiated to reach an agreement about the
ceasefire between KIA and Tatmadaw in the Kachin State and the northern Shan
State areas known as Kachin Sub - state in former times. With the intention of
making a ceasefire agreement and peace talks, KIO Chairman Mr. Maran
Brang Seng and General Secretary Mr. Lanyaw Zawng Hra , both prepared to

L - R : Maj. Gen. Aye Kyaw, Chairman Malizup Zau Mai, Maj. Gen. Saw Lwin
Myitkyina ,1993
. 123·
 Kachin Research Journal

come down to Myitkyina. Meanwhile, they dispatched a delegation led by Brig.

Lamung Tu Iai to Myitkyina as a point - team. In spite of the fact that the due
date was October zr, on which date KIa Chairman and Gen~ral Secretary
would be arriving at Myitkyina, they could not reach there because of the KIa
Chairman's failure health. However, Brig. Lamung Tu Iai who had already ar-
rived at Myitkyina held a meeting with Northern Div. Commander Maj. Gen.
Saw Lwin on 015t January 1994.

During this meeting, Brig. Lamung Tu Jai informed to Maj. Gen. Saw
Lwin that although the ceasefire agreement had not yet been signed due to its
state of unreadiness the KIa wanted to begin the " Regional Development" in
their own areas. Therefore, at 08: 00 AM on 12nd January 1994, the Regional
Development Programme was discussed in detail at the meeting held at PWT14
conference room in which KIa, NWT and PWT delegates concerned were atten-
ding. There were over 50 participants, including 11 KIa delegates.

The meetings held from is" to 24th of February 1994, were more signifi-
cant than usual. The SLORC government, however, was prefer to negotiate a-
bout the immediate issues such as cessation of hostilities, regional development
and some other regulations rather than main political issues that causes the
armed conflicts at this moment. Overtly, SLORC leaders expressed that the po-
litical issues can be sought and negotiated not with the current military govern-
ment, but to the next coming civil government.

Maj. Gen. Aye Kyaw and Maj. Gen. Malizup Zau Mai, both gave speeches
at the meetings. After several lengthy negotiations, including about ceasefire,
they decided to form the a drafting committee for a ceasefire agreement. Finally,
rd
they approved the ceasefire agreement. On 23 February 1994 at 15: 00 PM, SL-
aRC General Secretary 1 Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt emphatically addressed about the
ceasefire agreement between KIa and SLORC in some details and gave instruc-
tions to all in the meeting room of the Northern Division Command
(@~t03[5~o&8(0:G'l:'f~0')-r->:2()G3~:~:G'l:G()'Y.)~~).The KIa delegate - head Maj. Gen.
Malizup Zau Mai also expressed the necessities to be negotiated and submitted
them to the higher authority of SLORC. On the evening of that day, to mark the
historic milestone of a ceasefire agreement in Kachin history, the traditional

14 PWT: Kachin State Law and Order Restoration Council

(.,00> - "§-:>nS~6:dl6:,,,'£~l"~l8)

. 124 .
 Kachin Research Journal

come down to Myitkyina. Meanwhile, they dispatched a delegation led by Brig.

Lamung Tu Iai to Myitkyina as a point - team. In spite of the fact that the due
date was October zr, on which date KIa Chairman and Gen~ral Secretary
would be arriving at Myitkyina, they could not reach there because of the KIa
Chairman's failure health. However, Brig. Lamung Tu Iai who had already ar-
rived at Myitkyina held a meeting with Northern Div. Commander Maj. Gen.
Saw Lwin on 015t January 1994.

During this meeting, Brig. Lamung Tu Jai informed to Maj. Gen. Saw
Lwin that although the ceasefire agreement had not yet been signed due to its
state of unreadiness the KIa wanted to begin the " Regional Development" in
their own areas. Therefore, at 08: 00 AM on 12nd January 1994, the Regional
Development Programme was discussed in detail at the meeting held at PWT14
conference room in which KIa, NWT and PWT delegates concerned were atten-
ding. There were over 50 participants, including 11 KIa delegates.

The meetings held from is" to 24th of February 1994, were more signifi-
cant than usual. The SLORC government, however, was prefer to negotiate a-
bout the immediate issues such as cessation of hostilities, regional development
and some other regulations rather than main political issues that causes the
armed conflicts at this moment. Overtly, SLORC leaders expressed that the po-
litical issues can be sought and negotiated not with the current military govern-
ment, but to the next coming civil government.

Maj. Gen. Aye Kyaw and Maj. Gen. Malizup Zau Mai, both gave speeches
at the meetings. After several lengthy negotiations, including about ceasefire,
they decided to form the a drafting committee for a ceasefire agreement. Finally,
rd
they approved the ceasefire agreement. On 23 February 1994 at 15: 00 PM, SL-
aRC General Secretary 1 Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt emphatically addressed about the
ceasefire agreement between KIa and SLORC in some details and gave instruc-
tions to all in the meeting room of the Northern Division Command
(@~t03[5~o&8(0:G'l:'f~0')-r->:2()G3~:~:G'l:G()'Y.)~~).The KIa delegate - head Maj. Gen.
Malizup Zau Mai also expressed the necessities to be negotiated and submitted
them to the higher authority of SLORC. On the evening of that day, to mark the
historic milestone of a ceasefire agreement in Kachin history, the traditional

14 PWT: Kachin State Law and Order Restoration Council

(.,00> - "§-:>nS~6:dl6:,,,'£~l"~l8)

. 124 .
 Kachin Research Journal

L-R : Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat, Mr. Hpauyam La Wawm, Maj. Gen. Saw Lwin ,
Mr. Mangshang Ding Bawm, Dr. Lahkyen La Ia , Maj. Gan. Aye Kyaw,
Brig. Lamung Tu Iai , Rev. Saboi Ium

L - R , Chairman Malizup Zau Mai, Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt, Maj. Gen. Saw Lwin
Myitkyina, 23 rd February 1994 .

. 125·
 Kachin Research Journal

"Peace Manau" ceremony was happily celebrated by all the stakeholders

such as SLORe delegates, the KIO representatives, the Kachin peace media-
tors and the local elders, scholars and well - wishers of the Kachin State at the
ground of MPKh (~()Ol).

After dancing the "Peace Manau" (!S~:~~:G'l:\:IG'Y,)3d(),), all the persons

concerned were offered the Kachin traditional "Magun Shat Lit" J5 of honour
and all the participants shared it as the opening mark of momentous chapter of
peaceful coexistence. On the next day at 02: 10 PM (24th February 1994) for
the sake of people's peace, SLORC and KIO signed the ceasefire agreement
officially at the meeting room of MPKh (Northern Div. Command). Those who
signed were as follows.

SLORC (NWT) Signatory

(1) Maj. Gen. Aye Kyaw

( 2) Maj. Gen. Saw Lwin Lt. Col. Kyaw Thein
(3 ) Lt. Col. Kyaw Thein ( GSO - 1 Dept. of Int. Unit )

KIO Signatory:

(1) Maj. Gen. Malizup Zau Mai (KIO Vice - Chainnan)

(2) Brig. Lamung Tu Jai (KIC Vice - President)
(3) Col. Gauri Zau Seng (KIO Joint General Secretary)

Peace Mediator Signatory:

( 1) Duwa Hpauyam La Wawm

(2 ) Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Jum
(3) Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat

IS Magun shatlit . see ( photo MKA. 056)

. 126 .
 Kachin Research Journal

MKA.054

MKA. 054. Above: [ Col. Gauri Zau Seng]

Signing" the ceasefire agreement between KIO and SLORC" ,
Northern Div. Command meeting room (MPKh) ,
Myitkyina, 24 February 1994.
MKA.055

MKA. 055. Above: [L •• R: Maj. Gen .. Malizup Zau Mai, Col. Gauri Zau Seng,
Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt, Maj. Gen. Saw Lwin]
Col. Gauri Zau Seng handing over the official paper to the SLORC Secretary - 1
Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt. Northern Div. Command meeting room (~OOl) ,
Myitkyina, 23«1 February 1994 .

. 127·
 Kachin Research Journal

MKA.056

Mka. 056. Above: [L~R: Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt, Maj. Gen. Malizup Zau Mai,
Maj. Gen. Saw Lwin, Brig. Lamung Tu J ai, Col.. Cauri Zau Seng ] (23, 2,1994)
Magun Shatlits> offered to the dignitaries of SLORC and KIO are also seen.

16 Magun Shatlit means the basket contains eatables such as a pair of steamed sticky lice packages 'Happed up in the
hpawgoi leaf, a pair or two pairs of rice - beer bamboo tubes, a pair or two pairs of earthe n - wares containing rice wine made of
herbal leaven, a pair of steamed or roasted chicken, boiled eggs which should be strictly paired, dry - meat pounded with ginger,
garlic, chil.i, vegetable boiled +-and so on. Trad.itionally the Kachin always utilize the" Magun Shatlit" whenever they have so-
cial function, religious ritual function, political event, even at the war victory. They are of fered the" Magun shatlit" as an hono-
ur. All the people gathered at the function share it together and it strength ems them for the next step. It is what the Kachins be-
lieve and what the Kachins have been practicing traditionally for as long as we can remember

. 128 .
 Kachin Research Journal

MKA.057

Mka. 057. Above:

[L •• R: Maj. Gen. Saw Lwin , Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt , Maj. Gen. MaliZup Zau Mai,
Brig. Lamung Tu Iai , Col. Gauri Zau Seng, Col. Banma Zau Hpang]
Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt shaking hands with Col. Gauri Zau Seng.
orthem Div. Command Meeting Room (MPKh) , Myitkyina. 23rd February 1994.

MKA.058

MKA. 058. Above:

[SLORC delegates, KIO representatives and Kachin peace mediators]
A group photograph, (~()~), Myitkyina. 23rd February 1994 .

. 129 .
 Kachin Research Journal

MKA.059

MKA. 059. Above: [L •• R: Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt, Rev. Lahtaw Saboi Ium ,
Maj. Gen. Malizup Zau Mai, Brig. Lamung Tu Jai , Col. Gauri Zau Seng,
Mr. Lahtaw Hkun Myat, Duwa Hpauyam La WawmJ
Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt shaking hands with Col. Gauri Zau Seng.
Northern Div. Command Meeting Room ("'06» , Myitkyina.
24 th February 1994
YGN.060

YGN. 060. Above: [L •• R: NDA - K Chairman Zahkung Ting Ying and Mr. Gauri Zau Seng]
NDA - K and KIO discussing about National Convention
o 0 0
being held at Nyawng Na Pin (G~c'1tDOCL\.), the two Banyan trees) camp.
Yangon. May 2004 .

• 130 .
 Kachin Research Journal

YGN.061

YGN. 061. Below:

[L~R:Chainnan Zahkung Ting Ying, Mr. Gauri Zau Seng, Dr. Lahkyen La Ja , ]
Discussing and writing the paper to be submitted to the NC being held at
Nyawng Na Pin camp.
DA - K Chairman Zahkung Ting Ying' s residence.
Yangon, 21 st May 2004

J!ll:i]l!ll:i]I!lUJl!l1:i] L!lUJBUJ I!lUJL!JU] l!l1:i]l!lGJ!a

. 131 .
 ..2009

uphkang ai mungmasa gaw

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Kachin Research Journal

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January, 2009

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