Dpkg

dpkg -V [package- Audit check sums of installed

names] packages.

dpkg-divert [options] Override a package's version of a

file file. Debian Reference Card
Version 9.0 - Debian 9 'Stretch' -- 2016-07-09
dpkg --compare- Compare version numbers; view https://www.debian.org/
versions v1 gt v2 results with echo $?.
Getting Help
dpkg-query -W      -- Query installed packages, format
man page or man Read online help for every
showformat= format e.g. '${Package} ${Version} $
bash command and many
{Installed-Size}\n'.
configuration files.
dpkg --get- Write package selections to file.
command [--help, -h] Brief help for most commands.
selections > file
/usr/share/doc/ Find all documentation here,
dpkg --set- Set package selections from file. [package-name/] optional file README.Debian
selections < file contains specifics.
The Network
Web documentation Reference, manuals, FAQs,
/etc/network/ Interface configuration (if not HOWTOs, etc. at https://
interfaces controlled via network-manager). www.debian.org/doc/

ip link set device [up] Start, stop network interfaces Mailing lists at The community is always helpful,
[down] according to the file above. https:// search for users.
lists.debian.org/
/sbin/ip Show and manipulate network
interfaces and routing, needs The Wiki at https:// Contains all kind of useful
iproute2. wiki.debian.org/ information.
ssh -X user@host Login at another machine. Installation
scp files Copy files to other machine (and Installer All information about it at
user@host:path vice versa). https://www.debian.org/devel/
debian-installer/
Legal Notice
CD images Download from https://
This document may be used under the terms of the GNU www.debian.org/distrib/
General Public License version 3 or higher. The license
text can be found at https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html boot: expert E.g. to set up the network w/o
and /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL-3. DHCP or using LILO instead of
GRUB.
Copyright © 2004, 2010 W. Martin Borgert
Copyright © 2016, 2017 Holger Wansing Bugs
Bug Tracking at All about existing and fixed bugs.
https://
bugs.debian.org/

Package specific See https://bugs.debian.org/

package-name/, use wnpp to ask
for new packages.

reportbug Report a bug by e-mail.

Reporting Instructions at https://
www.debian.org/Bugs/Reporting
 Important Shell Commands APT
Configuration pager files Show contents of files. apt list -a package- Show versions and archive areas
/etc/ All system configuration files are name of available packages.
ls [files] List files.
under directory /etc/.
mkdir directory- Create directories. apt show -a package- Show package information incl.
editor files Default text editor. May be nano, names name description.
emacs, vi, joe.
mv file1file2 Move, rename files. apt install package- Install packages from
CUPS at http:// Browser interface to printing names repositories with all
hostname:631 system. rm files Remove files. dependencies.

dpkg-reconfigure Reconfigure a package, e.g. rmdir dirs Remove empty directories. apt upgrade Install newest versions of all
package-name keyboard-configuration tar [c][x][t][z][j][J] -f Create (c), extract (x), list table packages currently installed.
(keyboard), locales file.tar [files] of (t) archive file, z for .gz, j
(localization). apt full-upgrade Like apt upgrade, but with
for .bz2, J for .xz.
update-alternatives Manage command alternatives. advanced conflict resolution.
options find directories Find files like -name name or - apt remove package- Remove packages.
update-grub After changing /etc/default/
expressions size +1000, etc. names
grub. grep search-string Find search-string in files. apt autoremove Remove packages that no other
Daemons and System files packages depend on.
systemctl restart Restart a service, system daemon. ln -s file link Create a symbolic link to a file. apt depends package- List all packages needed by the
name.service ps [options] Show current processes. name one given.
systemctl stop Stop a service, system daemon. kill [-9] PID Send signal to process (e.g. apt rdepends List all packages that need the
name.service terminate it). Use ps for PID. package-name one given.
systemctl start Start a service, system daemon. su - [username] Become another user, e.g. root. apt-file update Update content listings from
name.service package repositories, see apt
sudo command Execute a command as root as update.
systemctl halt Halts system. normal user, see /etc/sudoers.
systemctl reboot Reboots system. apt-file search file- Search packages for file.
command > file Overwrite file with output of name
systemctl poweroff Shuts down system. command.
apt-file list package- List contents of a package.
systemctl suspend Suspends system. command >> file Append output of command to name
file.
systemctl hibernate Hibernates system. aptitude Console interface to APT, needs
cmd1 | cmd2 Use output of command 1 as aptitude.
/var/log/ All log files are under this input of command 2.
directory.
synaptic GUI interface to APT, needs
command < file Use file as input for command. synaptic.
/etc/default/ Default values for many daemons
and services.
APT
Dpkg
Important Shell Commands apt update Update packages listings from
package repositories as listed in / dpkg -l [names] List packages.
cat files Print files to screen. etc/apt/sources.list. dpkg -I pkg.deb Show package information.
cd directory Change to directory. Required whenever that file or
the contents of the repositories dpkg -c pkg.deb List contents of package file.
cp files dest Copy files and directories. change. dpkg -S filename Show which package a file
echo string Echo string to screen. belongs to.
apt search search- Search packages and
gzip, bzip2, xz [-d] Compress, uncompress files. string descriptions for search-string. dpkg -i pkg.deb Install package files.
files