Mathematical Methods 3/4 Trial Exam 2 Solutions 2007 Q9 Remainder theorem:

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 1  1  1  1
Do not photocopy ©Copyright 2007 itute.com R = P −  = 32 −  + 8 −  + 2 −  + 1 = −2
 2  2  2  2
SECTION 1
 πx  πx
Q10 y = sin   − , −2π ≤ x ≤ 2π . The tangent is parallel
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11  2 2
D C D E A B B B D E E dy π  πx  π  πx 
to the x-axis when = cos  − = 0 , i.e. cos  = 1 .
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 dx 2  2  2  2 
B C A D D E A D C C C πx
Hence = −2π ,0,2π , ∴ x = −4,0,4 .
2
Q1 (2,0 ) , 0 = 2a + b , ∴ 2a + b = 0 ……(1)
1+ x 2
Q11 Let y = e and u = 1 + x 2 .
(4,4) , 4 = 4a + b , ∴ 4a + b = 16 ……(2)
1+ x 2
Solve (1) and (2) simultaneously, a = 8 and b = −16 . dy dy du 1+ x 2 x xe
= × =e × = .
dx du dx 1+ x2 1+ x2
log 10 10 1
Q2 log 5 10 = = = 1.431 .
log10 5 log10 5 log e x 3 + 3
Q12 Rate of change = gradient of y = .
x3 + 3
Q3 Use graphics calc to sketch y = cos(3x ) and y = 0.15 . The
dy
number of intersections in −π ≤ x ≤ π is 12. Use graphics calc to find at x = −2 .
dx
dy
Q4 g (x ) is the result of f (x ) undergoing reflection in the y- = −0.29 , ∴rate of decrease = 0.29 .
dx
axis, horizontal dilation by a factor of 1
2
and downward
translation. Q13 Use rectangles (left or right) to estimate.

Q5 Domain of f (x ) is (− 1, ∞ ) . For f [g (x )] to be defined, 1

2
 log e 2 x − 5 
2

g (x ) ∈ (− 1, ∞ ) and hence x ∈ (1, ∞ ) . Q14 ∫ dx =  

0
2x − 5  2  0

log e − 1 log e − 5 1
x 2e x = − = − log e 5 = − log e 5 .
Q6 Use graphics calc to sketch y = and y = 1 . The x-
(2πx ) 2 2 2
coordinate of the intersection is 1.46 2 2 2

Q7 The repeated factors (2 x + a ) and (x − 2b ) indicate that

3 2
Q15 ∫ [2 f (x ) − 3]dx = 2∫ f (x )dx − ∫ 3dx
1 1 1

= 2[F (x )]1 − [3x ]1 = 2(F (2 ) − F (1)) − (6 − 3) = 2(4 ) − 3 = 5 .

2 2
a
f (x ) has a stationary inflection point on the x-axis at x = −
2
and a turning point on the x-axis at x = 2b . ∴ f ′(x ) = 0 at Q16
π
a π 2
x = − and x = 2b . 2π  1 1 
( ) ( )
2
1 2 
2 1 1
∫0 x sin 2 x dx =  2 sin x  0 = 2 sin  4  = 2  2  = 4 .
2 2
2

Q8 The range of f is (− ∞,1] ∪ (2, ∞ ) . This becomes the domain

x− p 1
Q17 f ′(x ) = − , f ′( p + 1) = −
−1
of f . .
2 2 − (x − p ) 2
2
1
Equation of f is y = + 2 , ∴equation of f −1 is
x +1
1 1 Q18 The difference of the results can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. It is a
x= + 2 . Express y as the subject, y = −1, random variable.
y +1 x−2
1
∴ f −1 (x ) = −1 . Q19 Mode = 2,
x−2 mean = 1 × 0.1 + 2 × 0.3 + 3 × 0.2 + 4 × 0.1 + 5 × 0.2 + 6 × 0.1 = 3.3 ,
median = 3.

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Q20 X < 2 ⇒ X = 0,1 , i.e. one success or none. SECTION 2
∴ p = 0.1 and n = 1 + 5 = 6 .
Q1a Use graphics calc, find x-intercepts at x = -3.12, 0, 2, 5.12
1
Q21 Area under p(x ) = 1 , ∴ (3 + 7 )(b − a ) = 1 , y
2 40

∴ b − a = 0 .2 .
20 (1, 17)

Q22 Pr (a ≤ X < 2 ) = 0.8 , ∴ Pr ( X < 2 ) − Pr ( X < a ) = 0.8 ,

∴ Pr ( X < a ) = Pr ( X < 2 ) − 0.8 = 0.977 − 0.8 = 0.177
0 x
-4 -2 0 2 4 6

∴ a = −0.93 .
-20

-40

-60

(-2, -64) (4, -64)

Q1b g (x ) = f (x ) + p has exactly two x-intercepts when p = 64

or p < −17 , i.e. f (x ) is translated upwards by 64 units or
downwards by more than 17 units.

Q1c h(x ) =
1
4
[ 1
]
f (x ) − x 4 + 4 x 3 = − 12 x 2 + 32 x = −3x 2 + 8 x
4
( )
[
k (x ) = −h(1 − x ) + 2 = − − 3(1 − x ) + 8(1 − x ) + 2 = 3 x 2 + 2 x − 3 .
2
]
Q1di Use graphics calc to find the area of the three regions.
Area = 123.3485 × 2 + 22.4 = 269.10 unit2.

Q1dii The regions are dilated vertically by a factor of 1

2
and
horizontally by a factor of 2. The area remains the same, i.e.
269.10 unit2. Reflection and horizontal translation do not change
the area.

Q2a (0,6 ) gives p + q = 6 .

− log e 25
(log e 25,1.6) gives pe 2
+ q = 1.6 .

− log e 25
( )
−1 −1 1
Q2b e 2
= e log e 25 = 0.2 .
2 = (25) 2 =
25
Solve p + q = 6 and 0.2 p + q = 1.6 simultaneously to obtain
p = 5.5 and q = 0.5
−x
Q2c As x → ∞ , e 2
→ 0 , ∴ y → 0.5 , ∴asymptote is y = 0.5

Q2d When x = 0 , y = 6 . When x = 5 , y = 5.5e −2.5 + 0.5 .

5.5e −2.5 + 0.5 − 6
Average gradient = = −1.01
5−0

−x
dy dy dx dy dx
Q2e = × , = −2.75e 2
× .
dt dx dt dt dt

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 dy Q4a Pr ( fail ) = Pr ( X ≤ 49 ) = normalcdf (− E 99,49,50,4 ) = 0.401
dy − 1.1
Q2fi = dt = = −1.375
dx dx 0.8
[ ]
a
a
∫0 ke
− kx
dt Q4bi dx = − e − kx 0 = −e − ka + 1 .
−x −x −x
dy 1 a
Q2fii = −2.75e 2 , − 1.375 = −2.75e 2
, ∴e 2
= ,
dx 2 As a → ∞ , e − ka → 0 , ∴ ∫ ke −kx dx → 1 .
x 0
x
e 2 = 2 , = log e 2 , x = 2 log e 2 .
2
[ ]
50
Q4bii Pr (0 ≤ X ≤ 50) = ∫ ke −kx dx = − e −kx
−x 50
1 = −e − k 50 + 1 = 0.5 ,
y = 5.5e 2 + 0.5 = 5.5 × + 0.5 = 3.25 0
0

2
−50 k
Coordinates ( 2 log e 2 , 3.25). e = 0.5 , −50k = log e 0.5 , ∴ k = 0.0139 .

Q2gi Horizontal dilation is required, so change parameter r. Q4biii Since Pr (0 ≤ X ≤ 50 ) = 0.5 , the median of X is 50.

Q2gii Increase the dilation factor r. 49

Q4c Pr ( fail ) = Pr (0 ≤ X ≤ 49 ) = ∫ 0.0139e −0.0139 x dx = 0.494 .
3π π  3π  3π π π  π 0
Q3a x = 0 , y = + cos  = − = .  0, 
4 2  4  4 2 4  4
Q4di Let X be the random variable – number of broken rods
3π π  3π  9π  9π  4
x = 2π , y = 2π + + cos 2π + = .  2π ,  repaired with superglue A. p = = 0.4 , ∴ q = 0.6 .
4 2  4  4  4  10
(0,0) , (2π ,0) . Pr (more with A than with B) = Pr ( X = 3) + Pr ( X = 4 )
= 5C3 (0.4 ) (0.6 ) + 5C 4 (0.4 ) (0.6 ) = 0.31 .
3 2 4 1

Q3b N
Or = binompdf (5,0.4,3) + binompdf (5,0.4,4 ) = 0.31 .

Pr ( X = 2 ∩ X = 0,1,2)
Q4dii Pr(X = 2| X = 0, 1 or 2) =
Pr ( X = 0,1,2)
Pr ( X = 2) binompdf (5,0.4,2)
= = = 0.51 .
Pr ( X = 0,1,2 ) binomcdf (5,0.4,2 )

Q4e Pr ( fail ) = 0.401 × 0.4 + 0.494 × 0.6 = 0.46 .

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2π
 3π π  3π 
Q3ci ∫0  x + 4
+
2
cos x +

dx
4 

2π
 x 2 3πx π  3π 
Q3cii =  + + sin  x + 
 2 4 2  4  0
 3π 2 π   π  7π 2
= 2π 2 + + −  = .
 2 2 2 2
7π 2
Land area = × 100 2 m2 = 35000π 2 m2.
2

Q3d Using graphics calc, the local minimum in [0,2π ] is

(0.3185, 0.6910).
∴the shortest distance between the north and the south
boundaries is 0.6910 × 100 = 69.10 m. Take off 15 m clearance
from each boundary. The floor area = (69.10 − 15 × 2 ) = 1529 m2.
2

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