1

1 NUMBER

TASK 1.1

Do not use a calculator.

1. Find the value of each calculation below:

2 2 (11 + 4) · (18 2 13)
a 16 2 4 b 3 +4 c
2+4 10 2 5 52
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi 4 · 4+4 6+9 4 3
d (52 + 122 ) e f
4 · 10 (19 + 17) 4 4

2. 36 people pay a total of $936 to visit the theatre. If each person pays the
same amount, how much does each person pay?
3. A box of crisps contains 48 packets. How many packets will there be in 263 boxes?
4. Write down the answer to each of the following:
a 0·4 · 0·6 b 0·07 · 0·5 c 6 2 1·03 d 20 · 0·06
e 0·32 f 0·81 4 0·3 g 5·7 4 0·03 h 1·8 · 15
i 0·36 · 2·7 j 0·023 k 0·6 4 0·003 l 600 · 0·12
5. How many 0·45 litre cartons of milk are needed to give 5·4 litres in total?
6. Croissants are loaded into trays of 32. How many trays are used to deal
with 1400 croissants?

TASK 1.2

1. Work out and give the answer in its simplest form:

a 5·8 b 7
· 3 c 3
· 20 d 34 9
8 9 12 14 4 5 10

4
e 41 f 21 · 7 g 31 · 14 h 61 4 13
9 3 2 10 3 5 4 7
2. Daina gives 2 of his money to Carol. Carol gives 6 of this money to Zak.
3 7
What fraction of Daina’s money does Zak get?
3. Work out and give the answer in its simplest form:
a 1+2 b 523 c 33 + 1 5 d 51 2 7
4 3 6 8 4 12 3 8

4. How many minutes longer does it take Morowa to complete a job in three-quarters
of an hour than Osei who completes the job in five-twelfths of an hour?

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 Number 2

5. Casilde and Oziel walk from a restaurant in the same direction. If Casilde has walked five-eighths
of a mile and Oziel has walked seven-tenths of a mile, how far apart are they?
6. Work out and give the answer in its simplest form:
 
a 1 · 6+1 b 84221 c 32 2 23 4 2
4 7 2 9 3 6 3 5 5


7. A piece of paper measures 8 1 cm by
7 1 cm. A square of side 2 1 cm is
4

3 2
cut out and thrown away.
Show that the area that is left
is exactly 54 1 cm2.
4

8. A photo measures 7 1 cm by 7 1 cm. Both its dimensions are increased by a

2 5
factor of 1 1 . Find the area of the enlarged photo.
3

TASK 1.3
Use a calculator.

1. Each of the calculations below is wrong. Find the correct answer for each calculation.
a 48 + 32 = 49·6 b 51 2 31 = 47·9 c 50 = 20 d 75 = 218·125
20 10 25 · 10 40 2 20

2. Work out the following, giving answers to the nearest whole number.
Match each calculation to the correct answer.

A 16 + 4·9 − 3·17 P 7

B 3·4 × (5·8 − 4·25) Q 4

2·4
C 8·7 + R 18
1·6

35·2
D S 10
(4·9 − 0·18)

24·63
E T 3
2·17 + 3·42

13·8 + 9·16
F U 5
2·4 × 3·7

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 Number 3

3. A Bureau de Change offers $1·568 per £ but charges a commission fee at

£3. How many dollars (to the nearest cent) do you get for £75?
2
4. Which is larger? (3 25) or 20 14 ÷ 1 79

5. Write the numbers below in order of size, starting with the smallest.
34 27 53 19 44

6. Calculate the following, giving each answer to 3 significant figures.

pffiffiffi (29·1)2 + 7·13
a 17·2 + 8·16 b 3 825 c 2
8·61 2 2·48 (24·28)
pffiffiffi pffiffiffi 2 pffiffiffi pffiffiffi
27·3 + (21·9)
d pffiffi8ffi + p2ffiffiffi e f ( 6 2 8)4
72 3 (21·72) · (22·4)

TASK 1.4

1. Convert the decimals below into fractions in their lowest form.

a 0·7 b 0·35 c 0·035 d 0·92
e 0·618 f 0·3185 g 0·713 h 0·625
2. By changing each fraction into a decimal, write the following fractions in
order of size, starting with the smallest.
3 1 3 5 3 45
20 4 10 16 25 200

3. Use division to convert the fractions below into recurring decimals:

a 2 b 5
c 5
d 5
e 6
9 12 6 13 7

4. Convert 137 into a recurring decimal.

999

TASK 1.5

1. Copy and complete to change 0·7_ 4_ to a fraction.

let f = 0·74 74 74 ...
100f =
we have f = 0·74 74 74 ...
subtract
99f =

f=

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 Number 4

2. Express the following recurring decimals as fractions in their lowest form:

a 0·7_ b 0·2_ 8_ c 0·646464...
_ 2_
d 0·38 e 0·57777.... f 5·68_ 4_


3. _ 5_ in the form a where a and b are integers (whole numbers).
Express 0·71
b

TASK 1.6

1. Which of these numbers are: 18

a multiples of 6 21 54
b multiples of 7 63
c not multiples of 2 42 26
28
2. Write down all the factors of 35 which are prime.
3. Write down all the factors of 50.


4. a List all the factors of 18.
b List all the factors of 30.
c Write down the Highest Common Factor of 18 and 30.
5. Find the HCF of:
a 25 and 60 b 36 and 90 c 16, 32 and 40
6. Add together all the prime numbers between 20 and 40.
7. Find the Lowest Common Multiple of:
a 8 and 12 b 10 and 60 c 21 and 28
8. Althaia and Dilraj are racing each other. Althaia takes 5 minutes to
complete one lap. Dilraj takes 7 minutes to complete one lap. After how
many minutes will Althaia and Dilraj pass the starting point at exactly
the same time?

TASK 1.7

1. Work out
a 3·3·5 b 22 · 7 c 22 · 32
2. For each question below, find the number which belongs in the empty
box:
a 60 = 22 · 3 · b 40 = 23 · c 126 = 2 · 32 ·
3. Using any method, write the following numbers as products of prime
factors, leaving each answer in index form:
a 75 b 44 c 80 d 594

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 Number 5

4. 1617 = 3 × 7 × 7 × 11 and 273 = 3 × 7 × 13

Find the Highest Common Factor of 273 and 1617.

5. Write 315 and 495 as products of prime factors. Use this to find the
Highest Common Factor of 315 and 495.


6. Use Question 4 to find the Lowest Common Multiple of 273 and 1617.


7. Use Question 5 to find the LCM of 315 and 495.
8. Find a the HCF and b the LCM of 396 and 420.
9 Find a the HCF and b the LCM of 198 and 220.
10. Baz saves $105 each week for x weeks. Landon saves $147 each week for y
weeks. If Baz and Landon end up saving the same total amount of money,
write down the smallest possible values for x and y.

TASK 1.8


In Questions 1 to 6, write down the next 2 numbers. What is the rule for
each sequence?

1. 40, 20, 10, 5, . . . 2. 4·9, 4·1, 3·3, 2·5, . . . 3. 1 1
, 1 , 2, 2 3 , . . .
2 4 4

4. 4, 12, 36, 108, . . . 5. 3000, 300, 30, 3, . . . 6. 21, 22, 24, 28, . . .

7. The first four terms of a sequence are 2, 8, 14, 20. The 50th. term in the sequence is 296.
Write down the 49th term.
8. How many small shape 1 shape 2 shape 3 shape 4
squares are needed for
a shape 5
b shape 6


In Questions 9 to 12 find the next 2 numbers in each sequence
(it may help you to work out the 2nd. differences).


9. 2, 5, 10, 17, . . .
11. 2, 6, 12, 20, . . .


10. 0, 3, 8, 15, . . .
12. 2, 8, 16, 26, . . .

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 Number 6


13. The first five terms of a sequence are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, . . .
The 9th term in the sequence is 512.
Write down the 10th term of the sequence.
14. Find the next 2 numbers in the sequence below. Try to explain
the pattern.
0, 1, 3, 7, 15, . . .
15. Match each nth term formula below to its corresponding sequence:
a 1, 6, 11, 16, . . . A 2n + 3 B n2 + 1
b 2, 5, 10, 17, . . .
c 5, 7, 9, 11, . . .
d 2, 6, 12, 20, . . . C 4n D 3n
e 3, 9, 27, 81, . . .
f 4, 8, 12, 16, . . . E n(n + 1) F 5n − 4

TASK 1.9

1. Match up each sequence to the correct nth term formula.

A 6, 8, 10, 12, ... P nth. term = 2n + 6

B 3, 8, 13, 18, ... Q nth. term = 5n − 2

C 11, 16, 21, 26, ... R nth. term = 2n + 4

D 8, 10, 12, 14, ... S nth. term = 5n + 6

2. Find the nth term of each sequence below:

a 7, 10, 13, 16, . . . b 9, 16, 23, 30, . . .
c 1, 10, 19, 28, . . . d 6, 14, 22, 30, . . .
e 30, 26, 22, 18, . . . f 18, 13, 8, 3, . . .
g 8, 12, 16, 20, . . . h 22, 19, 16, 13, . . .


3.

n=1 n=2 n=3

s=8 s = 15 s=

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 Number 7

a Draw the next shape in the sequence.

b Let n = shape number and s = number of sticks. Complete a table of
values for n and s.
c Use the table and 1st difference to find a formula for the number of
sticks (s) for the shape number n.
Use values of n to check if each formula is correct.
d Use the formula to find out how many sticks are in shape
number 40.


4. Repeat Question 3 for the sequence below:

n=1 n=2 n=3

5. Tau decides to save money in the following way:

He saves $1 in the first week, $1·20 in the second week, $1·40 in the third
week, and so on.
a How much would he save in the nth week?
b How much would he save in the 8th week?
c In which week would he first save at least $5?
d After 10 weeks, Tau wants to buy a tennis racquet which costs $19·99.
He realises that he hasn’t saved quite enough, but by how much is he
short?
6. A series of rows of tins are piled on top of one another. The bottom row
has 35 tins and each row has two fewer tins than the row below it.
a How many tins are there in the nth row from the bottom?
b What is the maximum number of rows of tins?

TASK 1.10

1. The nth term of a sequence is given by n2 2 n.

a Write down the 1st term of the sequence.
b Write down the 4th term of the sequence.
c Write down the 10th term of the sequence.
2. Find the nth term of each sequence below:
a 5, 8, 13, 20, 29, . . . b 21, 2, 7, 14, 23, . . .
c 0, 2, 6, 12, 20, . . . d 6, 14, 24, 36, 50, . . .

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 Number 8

3. Here is a sequence of rectangles made from squares.

Let n = shape number and s = number of squares

n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4

a Find a formula for s in terms of n.

b How many squares in shape number 25?
4. Find i the nth term and ii the 20th term of each sequence below:
a 3, 12, 27, 48, 75 b 5, 11, 21, 35, 53
c 7, 18, 33, 52, 75 d 5, 18, 37, 62, 93
5. Consider the sequence: 23 24 23 0 5
a Find the nth term.
b Find the value of n for which the nth term = 140.

TASK 1.11

1. The length of a book is 23·4 cm, measured to the nearest 0·1 cm.
23·3 23·4 23·5

lower bound upper bound

Write down a the lower bound b the upper bound

2. The width of a room is 3·8 m, measured to the nearest 0·1 m.

Write down a the lower bound b the upper bound

3. A woman weighs 63 kg, correct to the nearest kg. What is her least
possible weight?

4. Copy and complete the table.

A length l is 47·2 cm, to the nearest 0·1 cm, so <l< 47·25

A mass m is 83 kg, to the nearest kg, so <m<
3 3
A Volume V is 7·3 m , to the nearest 0·1 m , so <V<
A radius r is 6·87 cm, to the nearest 0·01 cm, so <r<
2 2
An area A is 470 m , to the nearest 10 m , so <A<

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 Number 9

5. The base and height of a triangle are measured to

the nearest 0·1 cm.
a Write down the upper bound 4·8 cm
for the base 3·4 cm.
b Write down the lower bound
for the height 4·8 cm.
3·4 cm
6. The capacity of a jug is 503·4 ml, measured
to the nearest 0·1 ml. Write down
a the lower bound b the upper bound
7. In a 200 m race a runner is timed at 23·46 seconds to the nearest
0·01 second. Write down the greatest possible time.
8. A person weighs 64 kg, correct to the nearest 4 kg. The lower bound is 62
kg. Write down the upper bound.
9. The width of a lake is measured at 280 m, correct to the nearest 20 m.
Write down the upper and lower bounds.
10. The mass of a substance is measured as 8·5 g, correct to the nearest 0·5 g.
Write down the least possible mass of the substance.

TASK 1.12

1. The length, width and height of the cuboid are

measured to the nearest cm.
volume = length · width · height 4 cm
What is the lowest possible value of the
volume of the cuboid?
9 cm
7 cm
2. If k = 1·8, m = 4·9 and n = 8·3, all measured to one
decimal place, calculate:
a the smallest possible value of kn
b the largest possible value (to 3 s.f.) of m
k
c the largest possible value of m + n 2 k
3. The base and height of this triangle are measured
to the nearest 0·1 m.
Calculate the lower and upper bounds for the area 3·4 cm
of this triangle.

7·6 cm

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 Number 10

4. The acceleration a after time t can be calculated with

the formula
a = vu
t
where v is the speed and u is the initial speed. If v = 23, u = 18 and
t = 39, measured to the nearest whole number, calculate:
a the minimum possible value for a (to 2 s.f.)
b the maximum possible value for a (to 2 s.f.)
5. The area of a square is given as 70 cm2, correct to
the nearest cm2.
Find the upper and lower bounds for the length x of x
one side of the square.

x
2 2 2
6. Pythagoras’ theorem states that a + b = c where a, b and c are the three lengths
of a right-angled triangle and c is the hypotenuse. If a = 4·3 cm and c = 12·1 cm,
both correct to 1 decimal place, find the upper and lower bounds for b.

TASK 1.13

1. Write the numbers below in standard form.

a 3000 b 70 000 c 340 d 89 000 Remember
e 486 000 f 598 g 9 million h 76 million A standard form
number will have
2. Remember that 570 = 5·7 · 102 but 0·057 = 5·7 · 1022. Write the
the form A · 10n
numbers below in standard form.
where 1 < A < 10
a 0·004 b 0·0007 c 0·9 d 0·0018
e 0·528 f 0·000019 g 0·0034 h 0·00000817
3. Write each number below as an ordinary number.
a 6 · 104 b 3 · 102 c 3 · 1022 d 5·6 · 104
5
e 2·4 · 10 f 8·6 · 10 23
g 4·16 · 103 h 7·68 · 1021
4. 3700 = 37 · 102. Explain why this number is not written in standard form.
5. 28 000 = 28 · 103. This number is not written in standard form.
Write it correctly in standard form.
6. Write the numbers below in standard form.
a 0·0007 b 53 000 c 0·096 d 0·487
e 49 000 000 f 576 000 g 0·00 074 h 82·4
i 0·1 j 0·000 000 864 k 6 180 000 l 42 000 000

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 Number 11

TASK 1.14

Do not use a calculator.

1. Write each number below in standard form.

a 73 · 104 b 42 · 1014 c 0·8 · 107 d 0·32 · 1024
e 0·68 · 10 24
f 374 · 10 27
g 425 · 1038 h 0·56 · 1027

2. Find the area of this rectangle, leaving your answer

in standard form.
(2 × 104) cm

(4 × 105) cm

3. Work out the following, leaving each answer in standard form.

a (2 · 108) · (2·5 · 107) b (1·5 · 106) · (4 · 103)
c (3·5 · 109) · (2 · 1024) d (1·7 · 10218) · (4 · 1028)
e (4 · 1012) · (3 · 107) f (9 · 1017) · (4 · 1028)
g (8 · 1021) 4 (4 · 106) h (7 · 1019) 4 (2 · 107)
9 · 1032
i j (4 · 105)2
4·5 · 1025
k (8·7 · 1012) 4 (3 · 10216) l 3 · 1048
6 · 1013

4. Calli has $(4 · 105) and Brynja has $(3 · 104). They put their money
together. Write down the total amount of money they have, giving your
answer in standard form.

5. Work out the following, leaving each answer in standard form.

a (5 · 106) + (7 · 105) b (9 · 108) 2 (4 · 107)
c (4·8 · 1012) 2 (1·9 · 1011) d (3 · 1022) 2 (9 · 1023)
e (4·3 · 1028) + (2 · 1027) f (6·4 · 1024) + (5·6 · 1023)

6. In a TV popstar show final, the number of votes for each contestant is

shown below:
Gary Tallow (9·6 · 105) votes
Nina X (1·3 · 106) votes
Rosa Williams (1·85 · 106) votes
How many people voted in total?

7. Work out (7 · 10212)3, leaving your answer in standard form.

8. The density of a type of stone is 3·5 · 104 kg/m3. Find the mass of this
type of stone if its volume is 20 m3, leaving your answer in standard
form (mass = density · volume).

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 Number 12

TASK 1.15

Use a calculator.

1. Work out the following and write each answer in standard form.
a (7 · 108) · (4 · 109) b (6·2 · 105) · (3 · 1034)
c (4 · 1028) · (6 · 1037) d (3·6 · 1014) 4 (3 · 10214)
e (7·6 · 10229) 4 (2 · 10211) f (5·2 · 1037) + (6·1 · 1036)
2. The population of Thailand is (6·35 · 107) people. The population of
Bangladesh is (1·62 · 108) people. What is the combined population
of Thailand and Bangladesh? (give your answer in standard form)
3. The mass of an atom is 3·74 · 10226 grams. What is the total mass of
2 million atoms?
4. Work out the following, leaving each answer in standard form correct to
3 significant figures.
(5·6 · 1021 ) · (2·7 · 1028 ) (7·4 · 1013 ) · (3·94 · 1026 )
a b
5 · 1013 4·2 · 1018

(3·8 · 1023 )  (9·7 · 1022 ) (4·89 · 1016 )2

c d
1·8 · 1017 2·14 · 109

(4·83 · 1014 ) + (3·16 · 1015 ) 5·28 · 1031

e f
2·82 · 1012 (4·9 · 1010 ) + (2·7 · 109 )

(7·3 · 1014 )2 (3·48 · 1015 ) · (2·19 · 1026 )

g h
(3·92 · 1015 ) · (2·8 · 1023 ) (4·37 · 1012 ) + (1·95 · 1011 )
5. The adult population of a country is 60 million. The average annual income
per adult is $27 000. Find in standard form the total annual income from the
adult population.

6. In 2000 the population of a country was 9·2 · 109. Over the next five years
the population rose by 15%. Find the population in 2005.

7. The diameter of the earth is 1·3 · 107 m. Assuming that the earth is a perfect sphere,
find the circumference of the earth. Give your answer in standard form to
2 significant figures.

8. The population of a certain country is 5·7 · 108 and its area is 7·21 · 1010 m2.
Find the population density (people per m2) of this country. Give your
answer in standard form to 2 s.f.

9. The population of a certain type of bird increased from 7·8 · 103 to 1·2 · 104 over
a ten year period. Find the percentage increase over that period, giving your answer
to 3 s.f.

10. The speed of light is approximately 2·8 · 108 m/s. Express this in km/h in
standard form to 3 s.f.

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 Number 13

TASK 1.16

1. Copy and complete the following:

a 2·6 m = cm b 3·82 m = cm c 470 cm = m

d 90 mm = cm e 4 mm = cm f 1500 m = km

g 3·5 kg = g h 600 g = kg i 0·28 kg = g

j 1·9 tonnes = kg k 620 ml = litre l 1937 litres = ml

m 8·2 litres = ml n 3·26 litres = ml o 43 g = kg

2. A shop uses 40 g of cheese in one sandwich. How many sandwiches can

the shop make if it has 3·2 kg of cheese?
3. Write the following amounts in order of size, starting with the smallest.
a 8 cm, 0·81 m, 7·4 cm, 83 mm
b 780 g, 0·7 kg, 738 g, 0·79 kg
c 5 km, 57 m, 509 m, 0·6 km, 4·7 km
d 274 ml, 0·28 litres, 0·279 litres, 275 ml, 2·14 litres

TASK 1.17

1. Change the following ratios to their simplest form.

a 32 : 28 b 12 : 9 : 21 c 50 cm : 4 m d 25c : $3
2. 13 people pay $89·70 to visit a castle. How much would 28 people have to pay?
3. Cheese kebabs for 4 people
need the ingredients below:
4. The recipe for making
20 biscuits is given below:

220 g cheese
4 tomatoes 120 g butter
8 pineapple chunks 50 g caster sugar
1 cucumber 175 g flour
2

How much of each How much of each

ingredient is needed ingredient is needed
for 10 people? for 24 biscuits?
4. Lars and Astrid receive a total of 30 presents in the ratio 3 : 7. How many
presents do each of them receive?

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 Number 14

5. The angles p, q and r are in the ratio 7 : 2 : 3.

Find the sizes of angles p, q and r.

q
p
r

6. The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 6 : 5. How many girls are there in the
class if there are 18 boys?
7. Paint is mixed by using yellow and blue in the ratio 7 : 2.
a How much yellow is used if 8 litres of blue are used?
b How much blue is used if 35 litres of yellow are used?
c How much yellow and how much blue must be used to make 72 litres
of the paint?
8. Domingo, Simone and Fabiano earn money in the ratio 3 : 2 : 5. If
Domingo earns $27000 each year, how much do Simone and Fabiano
each earn?
9. The ratio of weeds to flowers in a garden is 8 : 5. If there are 280 weeds in a
garden, how many flowers are there?

TASK 1.18

Use a calculator when needed. Give answers to the nearest cent when needed.


1. a Decrease $70 by 3%
c Decrease $264 by 46%
b Increase $68 by 2%
d Increase $89 by 12%
2. Asu’s caravan is worth $15 500. One year later it is worth 6% less. How
much is the caravan now worth?
3. A cinema increases its prices by 8%. If a ticket was $6·50, what would it
cost after the increase?
4. A pencil costs 42c. Its price increases by 9% over the next 12 months.
How much will the pencil cost now? (Remember to give your answer to
the nearest cent.)
5. A new tyre costs $88 + tax. If tax is 17·5%, work out the total cost of the
tyre.

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 Number 15

6. Write down the percentage multiplier that could be used for the following
(eg. ‘increase of 4%’ means the percentage multiplier is 1·04).
a increase of 15% b decrease of 7% c decrease of 42%
d increase of 8·5% e reduction of 24% f increase of 17·5%
7. If tax is 17·5%, find the price including tax of each of the following:
a guitar $126 b trumpet $870
c flute $220 d maracas $34
8. A shop reduces all its prices by 12%. If a necklace originally costs
$84, how much will it now cost?
9. Lerato buys a house for $185 000 but is forced to sell it quickly at a loss of
9%. How much does he sell the house for?
10. An eternity ring costs $680 + tax (17·5%).
a What is the total price of the ring?
b In the summer sales, the price of the ring is reduced by 20%.
How much does the ring cost in the sales?

TASK 1.19

Use a calculator when needed. Give answers to one decimal place if necessary.

1. Shakta buys a mobile phone for $240 and sells it one year later for $204.
What was his percentage loss?
2. Chun Hei buys a car for $300 and works on it before selling it for $420.
What was the percentage profit?
3. A supermarket increases its workforce from 90 people to 117 people.
What is the percentage increase?
4. Find the percentage increase or decrease for each of the following:

a original amount = 360 final amount = 514·8

b original amount = 672 final amount = 564·48
c original amount = 32 final amount = 62·4
5. Riya buys 100 books for $450. She sells each book for $5·40. Find the
percentage profit Riya makes on the books.
6. Gilbrid buys 70 scarves at $5 each. He sells 40 of the scarves for $11 each but
fails to sell the other scarves. Find the percentage profit he makes.
7. Daudi buys a flat for $70 000 and sells it for $85 000.
Aminata buys a house for $192 000 and sells it for $230 000.
Who makes the larger percentage profit and by how much?

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 Number 16

8. The length, width and height of this cuboid are each

increased by 15%.
What is the percentage increase in the volume of
this cuboid?
2 cm
8 cm
4 cm

9. Indira’s ideal body weight is 57 kg. During a period of six months her
weight increases by 10%. During the next three months her weight
returns to its ideal 57 kg. What was the percentage decrease from her
heaviest weight back to her ideal weight?

TASK 1.20

Use a calculator when needed. Give answers to the nearest cent if necessary.

1. Bledar invests $8000 in a bank at 5% per annum (year) compound

interest. How much money will he have in the bank
after 2 years?
2. A motorbike loses 25% of its value every year. Atin bought it for $720.
How much would it be worth after:
a 2 years b 3 years
3. A bank pays 7% per annum compound interest. How much will
the following people have in the bank after the number of
years stated?
a Salil: $5000 after 2 years b Megan: $3500 after 2 years
c Loren: $20 000 after 3 years d Jiao: $900 after 2 years
4. Which of the following will earn more money in 2 years?
A $4000 at 5·6% p.a. simple interest or B $4000 at 5·5% p.a.
compound interest
5. A building society offers 8% p.a. compound interest. Candice puts $560
into the building society.
a Write down the percentage multiplier which could be
used to find out how much money is in the building society
after 1 year.
b How much money would be in the building society after
5 years?
6. A boat is worth $28 000. Its value depreciates (goes down) by 12% of its
value each year. How much will the boat be worth after:
a 3 years b 10 years

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 Number 17

7. The value of a house increases by 9% of its value each year. If a house is

worth $170 000, how much will it be worth after:
a 2 years b 7 years c 20 years
8. Vikram invests some money in a bank at 12% p.a. compound interest.
After how many years will his money have trebled?

TASK 1.21

Use a calculator when needed.

1. Aroon’s height has increased by 5% over the last year. He is now 1·89 m
tall. How tall was he one year ago?
2. Sevim now pays $129·60 rent each week after an 8% rent increase.
How much did she pay before the increase?
3. Baruti buys a computer. A year later he sells it for $1200 at a loss of 20%.
How much did Baruti pay for the computer?
4. A company had to reduce their workforce by 12·5%. If 70 people now
work for them, how many people worked for them before the job cuts?
5. Copy and complete the table below:
old price % change new price
a 9% increase $33·79
b 40% decrease $34·08
c 27% decrease $70·08
d 8·5% increase $56·42

6. A cricket bat costs $129·25 after tax has been added on at 17·5%. How
much did the cricket bat cost before tax was added?
7. One week Arlene spends $75·60 on food which is 18% of her weekly pay.
How much is her weekly pay?
8. A bike costs $399·50 including tax at 17·5%. How much did the bike cost
before tax was added?
9. 46 students from Year 10 are ill one day. If this is 28·75% of all the Year
10 pupils, how many students are there in Year 10 in total?

10. In which shop is

DVD player DVD player
the DVD player
$61 $52
cheaper and by how much?
including tax + tax
(tax is 17·5%)
Shop A Shop B

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 Number 18

TASK 1.22

Use D to help you work out the questions below.

S T

1. A train travels 504 km in 4 hours. What was the average speed of the train?
2. A coach covers a distance of 225 1 km at an average speed of 73 km/hr.
2
How long was the coach travelling for?
3. Gyasi cycles 3 km in 15 minutes. What was his average speed in km/hr?
4. Yun Hee drives from Daejeon to Seoul at an average speed of 84 km/hr.
The journey takes 1 hour 30 minutes. How far is it from Daejeon to Seoul?
5. A train travels 47 km in 20 minutes. What is the speed of the train in km/hr?
6. Kefilwe drives 24 km from her home to work. She travels at an average speed of
32 km/hr. If she leaves home at 8:05 a.m., when will she arrive at work?
7. Distance from Auckland (miles)

Hamilton 80
70
60
50
40
Services 30
20
10
Auckland 0
0900

0930

1000

1030

1100

1130

1200

1230

1300

Time
The graph at the bottom of the last page shows a car journey from
Auckland to Hamilton and back.
a How far from Auckland is the car at 1015?
b How far from Auckland is the car at 1036?
c Find the speed of the car between the services and Hamilton.
d On the return journey, at what time was the car 70 miles from Auckland?
e For how long did the car stop in Hamilton?
f Find the speed of the car on the return journey from Hamilton to
Auckland.
8. Leanne is travelling at 13 km/hr. Fernando is moving at 3·5 m/s. Who is
travelling faster?

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 Number 19

9. A train travels 253 km at an average speed of 92 km/hr then 45 km at an

average speed of 10 m/s. Find the average speed for the whole journey in
km/hr.
10. Iryana travels for 48 minutes at 75 km/hr then for 1 hour 12 minutes
at x km/hr. If she travels a total distance of 126 km, find the value of x.

TASK 1.23

1. The model of a statue is made using a scale of 1 : 40. If the statue is 3·2 m
tall, how tall is the model (give your answer in cm)?
2. A park is 5 cm long on a map whose scale is 1 : 40 000. Find the actual
length (in km) of the park.
3. Copy and complete the table below.

map length scale real length

7 cm 1 : 60 m
5 cm 1 : 2000 m
8 cm 1 : 50 000 km
cm 1 : 100 000 3 km
cm 1 : 4000 320 m
cm 1 : 5 000 000 125 km

4. The distance between two towns is 25 km. How far apart will they be on a
map of scale 1 : 500 000?
5. A plan of a house is made using a scale of 1 : 30. The width of the house on
the plan is 40 cm. What is the real width of the house
(give your answer in metres)?
6. A map has a scale of 1 : 60 000. C 5 cm D
a What is the actual area (in km2) of the shape
ABCD shown opposite?
b What is the real size of angle ABC?
8 cm

73°
B 7·2 cm A

 OUP: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchaser’s institute