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    Central Nervous System Mnemonics (Rifao) : Sedative Hypnotics

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    Hassan Ahmad
    This document provides various mnemonics and summaries to help remember important information about drugs that act on the central nervous system. It covers sedatives/hypnotics like benzodiazepines, general anesthetics, antipsychotics, lithium, antidepressants, opioids, and the chronic effects of alcohol. Mnemonics are provided for effects, uses, toxicities and more. Side effects of specific drugs like phenytoin, carbamazepine and halothane are also summarized. The document ends with a request for prayers and charitable donations.

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    Central Nervous System Mnemonics (Rifao) : Sedative Hypnotics

    Uploaded by

    Hassan Ahmad
    842 views11 pages
    This document provides various mnemonics and summaries to help remember important information about drugs that act on the central nervous system. It covers sedatives/hypnotics like benzodiazepines, general anesthetics, antipsychotics, lithium, antidepressants, opioids, and the chronic effects of alcohol. Mnemonics are provided for effects, uses, toxicities and more. Side effects of specific drugs like phenytoin, carbamazepine and halothane are also summarized. The document ends with a request for prayers and charitable donations.

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    This document provides various mnemonics and summaries to help remember important information about drugs that act on the central nervous system. It covers sedatives/hypnotics like benzodiazepines, general anesthetics, antipsychotics, lithium, antidepressants, opioids, and the chronic effects of alcohol. Mnemonics are provided for effects, uses, toxicities and more. Side effects of specific drugs like phenytoin, carbamazepine and halothane are also summarized. The document ends with a request for prayers and charitable donations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    842 views11 pages

    Central Nervous System Mnemonics (Rifao) : Sedative Hypnotics

    Uploaded by

    Hassan Ahmad
    This document provides various mnemonics and summaries to help remember important information about drugs that act on the central nervous system. It covers sedatives/hypnotics like benzodiazepines, general anesthetics, antipsychotics, lithium, antidepressants, opioids, and the chronic effects of alcohol. Mnemonics are provided for effects, uses, toxicities and more. Side effects of specific drugs like phenytoin, carbamazepine and halothane are also summarized. The document ends with a request for prayers and charitable donations.

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    of 11

    CENTRAL NERVOUS

    SYSTEM MNEMONICS
    (RIFAO)

    SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS

    -BENZODIAZEPENES THAT ARE NOT USED IN LIVER FAILURE (LOT)

    LORAZEPAM , OXAZEPAM , TEMAZEPAM

    -CNS EFFECTS (BZs AND BARBITURATES)

    SHAAMM-Tk

    SEDATION….HYPNOSIS….ANAESTHESIA….ANTICONVULSANT ACTION….MUSCLE
    RELAXTION….MEDULLARY DEPRESSION….TOLERANCE AND DEPENDENCE

    -TOXICITY (BENZODIAZEPENES)

    PAOOn

    (remember shaam tk chal k paoon thk jain ge )


    PSYCHOMOTOR DYSFUNCTION

    ADDITIVE CNS DEPRESSION

    OVERDOSAGE

    OTHER ADVERSE EFFECTS

    -FOR BENZODIAZEPENES ANOTHER WAY TO REMEMBER USES AND TOXICITY

    (DIAzEPaM)

    USES :

    DELIRIUM….INSOMNIA….ANXIETY….(Z)….EPILEPSY….PREANAESTHETIC….(A)…..MUSCLE RELAXANT

    SIDE EFFECTS:

    DROWZINESS/DIZZINESS….INCREASED REACTION TIME…..ATONIA/ATAXIA….(Z)….EPISODIC


    PAIN…..PARADOXICAL CNS STIMULATION ….(a)……MEMORY LOSS

    -REMEMBER

    BUSPIRONE IS USED FOR GAD BUT ISNT USED IN PANIC DISORDERS

    RAMELETON ACTIVATES MELATONIN RECEPTORS


    -DIFFERENCES B/W BENZO DIAZEPENES AND BARBITURATES

    BENZODIAZEPENES BARBITURATES
    HIGH THERAPEUTIC INDEX LOW THERAPEUTIC INDEX
    LESS ABUSE LIABILITY HIGH ABUSE LIABILITY
    ANTAGONIZED BY FLUMAZENIL NOT ANTAGONIZED BY FLUMAZENIL
    NOT EXACERBATE PORPHYRIA EXACERBATES PORPHYRIA
    HYPNOTIC DOSE DOESNOT EFFECT HYPNOTIC DOSE EFFECTS RESPIRATION
    RESPIRATION
    FLATTER CURVE STEEPER CURVE
    INCREASE CHLORIDE CHANNEL CONDUCTANCE INCREASE DURATION OF CHLORIDE CHANNEL
    OPENING
    SAFER TO USE LESS SAFE

    ALCOHOLS
    -CHRONIC EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL USE

    START FROM HEAD AND FACE

    CNS…GIT…ENDOCRINE…..CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM….LIVER EFFCTS…...FETAL ALCOHOL


    SYNDROME(REMEMBER UTERUS)…..TOLERANCE AND DEPENDANCE…..NEOPLASIA……IMMUNE SYSTEM

    -TREATMENT OF ACUTE ALCOHOLISM

    (Vadte)

    VITAL SIGNS MAINTAINANCE

    ASPIRATION PREVENTION AFTER VOMITING

    DEXTROSE

    THIAMINE( WERNICKE-KORSAKOFF SYNDROME)


    ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE CORRECTION

    -TREATMENT OF CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM

    (Do Not be ALCOHOLIC)

    DISULFIRAM

    NALTREXONE

    ACAMPROSATE

    -PHENYTOIN ADVERSE EFFECTS

    P450 INDUCER

    HIRSUTISM

    ENLARGED GUMS (GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA)

    NYSTAGMUS

    YELLOW/BROWN SKIN DISCOLORATION

    TERATOGENIC

    OSTEOMALACIA

    INTERFERE WITH FOLIC ACID  ANEMIA

    NEUROPATHY

    -CARBAMAZEPINE (CBPZ)

    USES (CB) ….CRANIAL NERVE PALSY (V)….BIPOLAR DISORDER

    SIDE EFFECTS (PZ) …..P450 INDUCER ….SEI’Z’URE


    GENERAL ANAESTHETICS

    -INHALED ANAESTHETICS (SHINE)

    SEVOFLURANE

    HALOTHANE

    ISOFLURANE

    NO

    ENFLURANE

    -INTRAVENOUS ANAESTHETICS (BBKDOPE)

    BARBITURATES

    BENZODIAZEPENES

    KETAMINE(DISSOCIATIVE)

    OPIOIDS

    PROPOFOL
    ETOMIDATE

    -SIDE EFFECTS

    HALOTHANE…HEPATOTOXIC/ARRHYTHMOGENIC SO CAUSES POST OPERATIVE HEPATITIS

    ISOFLURANE…ARRHYTHMOGENIC NAD CAUSES RENAL INSUFFICIENCY

    ENFLURANE….MYOCARDIAL DEPRESSION AND DECREASED BREATHING

    DESFLURANE….BRONCHOSPASM

    -ANAESTHESIA PROTOCOLS

    (ABO)

    ANTACIDS..ANTICHOLINERGICS….ANTIEMETICS….ANTI HISTAMINES….BENZODIAZEPENES
    (DIAZEPAM)..OPIOIDS

    -STAGES OF ANAESTHESIA (ADAM)

    ANALGESIA

    DISINHIBITION

    SURGICAL ANAESTHESIA

    MEDULLARY DEPRESSION

    -FACTORS EFFECTING ANAESTHESIA INDUCTION (SIVPA)

    SOLUBILITY
    INSPIRED GAS PARTIAL PRESSURE

    VENTILLATION RATE

    PULMUNARY BLOOD FLOW

    ARTERIOVENOUS CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

    -HALOTHANE

    MERITS : RAPID ANAESTHESIA NAD RAPID RECOVERY….NON EXPLOSIVE…PLEASANT ODOUR ( CAN B


    USED IN CHILDREN) ….NOT HEPATOTOXIC IN CHILDREN

    DEMERITS: METABOLIC PRODUCTS ARE TISSUE


    TOXIC…BRADYCARDIA…ARRHYTHMIAS….HEPATITIS….HYPERTHERMIA

    ANTIPSYCHOTICS AND LITHIUM

    -Antipsychotics uses

    (MS BAATTS)

    MANIA
    SCHIZOPHRENIA

    BIPOLAR DISORDER
    ANTI EMETIC EFFECT
    ANTI PRURITIC EFFECT
    TOURUERRETES SYNDROME
    TOXIC PSYCHOSES
    SEDATION

    -Antipsychotics adverse effects


    PAGHAL DPT writes CVS in MSWord
    Parkinson like syndrome
    ATROPINE LIKE EFFECTS
    GYNAECOMASTIA + INFERTILITY
    HYPERPROLACTINEMIA + ammenirhea-glactorrhea synd
    AGRANULOCYTOSIS (CLOZAPINE)
    L SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION

    Dystonia and akathasia


    POSTURAL HYPOTENSION
    TARDIVE DYSKINESIA

    CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS (PROLONG QT)


    VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
    SEDATION

    MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA
    SEIZURES
    WEIGHT GAIN AND HYPERGLYCEMIA

    -Lithium S/E
    (TTAASTE D)

    TREMORS
    TERATOGENIC EFFECT (EBSTEIN ANOMALY)
    ATAXIA
    APHASIA
    SEDATION
    THYROID ENLARGEMENT
    EDEMA

    DIABETES INSPIDUS

    -LITHIUM USES

    (BAREAM)

    BIPOLAR DISORDER

    ACUTE MANIA

    RECURRENT DEPRESSION

    EXCITED STATES

    ALCOHOLIC HALLUCINATIONS

    MANAGEMENT OF AGGRESSION
    ANTI DEPRESSANTS
    -TOXICITY (TCAs)

    TREMORS

    CVS—ARRHYTHMIAS AND POSTURAL HYPOTENSION

    ANTICHOLINERGICS

    SEDATION AND SEIZURES

    -TOXICITY(SSRIs)

    SEIZURES(STIMULATE CNS)

    SEROTONIN SYNDROME

    REPRODUCTIVE DYSFUNCTION…RAISED (PROLONGED QT)

    INSOMNIA

    -TOXICITY OF MAOIs (3 Hs)

    HYPERTENSIVE

    HYPERTHERMIA

    HEPATOCELLULAR JAUNDICE
    -REMEMBER MIRTAZAPINE CAUSES WEIGHT GAIN

    OPIOIDS

    -OPIOID RECEPTORS

    MU—ENDORPHINS…RESPIRATION

    KAPPA-DYNORPHINS…..DEC GI MOTILITY AND SEDATIVE

    DELTA-ENKEPHLINS…..TOLLERANCE

    -OPIOIDS EFFECTS

    (MORPHINE)

    MIOSIS

    ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION

    RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

    HORMONES(ICREASED A&P , DECREASED L ) … HISTAMINE RELEASE

    (I)

    NO ..(ANTI TUSSIVE ANTI DIARRHEAL )….NAUSEA & VOMITING

    EUPHORIA
    SEDATION

    ANALGESIA

    JAZZAKALLAH UL KHAIR
    DO REMEMBER ME IN YOUR PRAYERS
    DONATE GENEROUSLY FOR THE ONES
    WHO NEED UR HELP

    REGARDS
    AHMAD HASSAN
    RIFAO

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