Learn English With Sam

CHRISTMAS STUDY PACK

Dear Student,

Christmas is finally here and we’re excited! Seeing friends
and family, enjoying good food and have a welldeserved break!

ESSENTIAL
That said, it is that you continue studying and
practicing your English.

IF YOU DON’T USE IT - YOU LOSE IT!
Remember: :)

FREE
This is your study pack. We have worked hard to provide
you with some fun and interesting activities you can do over the
holiday to keep your level in English.

A mix of grammar, vocabulary & other activities are sure to keep
you busy! Answers have been provided so you can check your
answers at home.

We hope that you have a fantastic Christmas and New Year & look
Payment for your course is
forward to seeing you in 2016! Remember:
due no later than
5th January.

SCHOOL OPENS ON MONDAY 11TH JANUARY 2016!

Sam & The Team x

Demonstratives Exercise
 THIS (house) and THESE (houses) - are near

 THAT (house) and THOSE (houses) - are far
Fill the gaps with this, these, that or those.
1 I don't like this chair. I like ....................... one over there.
2 A:(picking up an umbrella) Is this your umbrella?

B:Yes, it is. Thank you.
3 A:(pointing to the corner of the room) Is that your bag?

4 ....................... house is old but that one on the other side of the street is quite new.
5 Sean is ....................... boy at the back of the class.
6 The red shoes are awful. I like ....................... shoes here.
7 I really like ....................... hat you're wearing?
8 Look at ....................... earrings I'm wearing. I bought them in the market.
9 ....................... people at the next table are stop talking really loudly.
10 Do you remember ....................... black jeans I'm always wearing? I got bleach on them.
11 If ....................... kid doesn't stop screaming, I'm going to another restaurant and quickly!
12 Waiter. ....................... coffee tastes funny.
13 Don't do it like that. Do it like ....................... .
www.autoenglish.org Written by Bob Wilson ©Robert Clifford McNair Wilson 2014

Answers
1 I don't like this chair. I like that one over there.

2 A:(picking up an umbrella) Is this your umbrella?
3 A:(pointing to the corner of the room) Is that your bag?
4 This house is old but that one on the other side of the street is quite new.
5 Sean is that boy at the back of the class.
6 The red shoes are awful. I like these shoes here.
7 I really like that hat you're wearing?
8 Look at these earrings I'm wearing. I bought them in the market.
9 Those people at the next table are stop talking really loudly.
10 Do you remember those black jeans I'm always wearing? I got bleach on them.
11 If that kid doesn't stop screaming, I'm going to another restaurant and quickly!
12 Waiter. This coffee tastes funny.
13 Don't do it like that. Do it like this.
www.autoenglish.org Written by Bob Wilson ©Robert Clifford McNair Wilson 2014

Perfect-English-Grammar.com
Irregular Past Participles - Part 1
Make the past participle of the verb:
1. Julie wasn’t at home, she had _____________________ (go) to the shops.

2. We’ve already _____________________ (have) lunch.
3. This was the first time she had _____________________ (do) her homework
4. They have _____________________ (begin) painting the living room.
5. We have _____________________ (keep) this secret for three years.
6. He has never _____________________ (drive) a motorbike before.
7. I have _____________________ (be) sick all week.
8. By the time we arrived, the children had _____________________ (eat) all
the chocolate.
9. The books had _____________________ (fall) off the table, and were all over
the floor.
10. “Are you okay?” “ I’ve _____________________ (feel) better.”
11. I ‘d _____________________ (lend) my umbrella to John, so I got wet.
12. I've been looking for ages, but I haven't _____________________ (find) my
keys yet.
13. The birds have _____________________ (fly) south for the winter.
14. She has finally _____________________ (come).
15. Don't worry, we haven't _____________________ (forget) about the meeting.
16. It had _____________________ (become) very cold, so we went inside.
17. You have _____________________ (buy) a lot of new clothes recently.
18. I'd _____________________ (get) a lovely new bike for my birthday, so I was
keen to try it.
19. She'd _____________________ (bring) a cake to the party, but we didn't eat it.
20. Have you _____________________ (choose) your university yet?
21. Have you ever _____________________ (drink) Turkish coffee?
22. I've _____________________ (give) some money to Julia.
23. Had you _____________________ (hear) of this band before you came to the
USA?
24. She has _____________________ (know) about the problem for three months.
25. Why has John _____________________ (leave) already?
© 2007 perfect-english-grammar.com
May be freely copied for personal or classroom use.
Answers:
1. Julie wasn’t at home, she had gone to the shops.

2. We’ve already had lunch.
3. This was the first time she had done her homework
4. They have begun painting the living room.
5. We have kept this secret for three years.
6. He has never driven a motorbike before.
7. I have been sick all week.
8. By the time we arrived, the children had eaten all the chocolate.
9. The books had fallen off the table, and were all over the floor.
10. “Are you okay?” “ I have felt better.”
11. I had lent my umbrella to John, so I got wet.
12. I've been looking for ages, but I haven't found my keys yet.
13. The birds have flown south for the winter.
14. She has finally come.
15. Don't worry, we haven't forgotten about the meeting.
16. It had become very cold, so we went inside.
17. You have bought a lot of new clothes recently.
18. I'd got a lovely new bike for my birthday, so I was keen to try it.
19. She'd brought a cake to the party, but we didn't eat it.
20. Have you chosen your university yet?
21. Have you ever drunk Turkish coffee?
22. I've given some money to Julia.
23. Had you heard of this band before you came to the USA?
24. She has known about the problem for three months.
25. Why has John left already?
Perfect-English-Grammar.com
Irregular Verbs Past Simple (Part 1)
Make the past simple:
1. She _________________ (bring) some chocolates to the party.

2. I _________________ (hear) a new song on the radio.
3. I _________________ (read) three books last week.
4. They _________________ (speak) French to the waitress.
5. He _________________ (understand) during the class, but now he doesn't
understand.
6. I _________________ (forget) to buy some milk.
7. She _________________ (have) a baby in June.
8. You _________________ (lose) your keys last week.
9. They _________________ (swim) 500m.
10. I _________________ (give) my mother a CD for Christmas.
11. At the age of 23, she _________________ (become) a doctor.
12. I _________________ (know) the answer yesterday.
13. He _________________ (tell) me that he lived in Toronto.
14. We _________________ (lend) John £200.
15. She _________________ (drink) too much coffee yesterday.
16. The children _________________ (sleep) in the car.
17. He _________________ (keep) his promise.
18. I _________________ (choose) the steak for dinner.
19. The film _________________ (begin) late.
20. We _________________ (fly) to Sydney.
21. They _________________ (drive) to Beijing.
22. He _________________ (teach) English at the University.
23. I _________________ (send) you an e-mail earlier.
24. We _________________ (leave) the house at 7 a.m..
25. He _________________ (feel) terrible after eating the prawns.
Answers:
26. She brought some chocolates to the party.

27. I heard a new song on the radio.
28. I read three books last week.
29. They spoke French to the waitress.
30. He understood during the class, but now he doesn't understand.
31. I forgot to buy some milk.
32. She had a baby in June.
33. You lost your keys last week.
34. They swam 500m.
35. I gave my mother a CD for Christmas.
36. At the age of 23, she became a doctor.
37. I knew the answer yesterday.
38. He told me that he lived in Toronto.
39. We lent John £200.
40. She drank too much coffee yesterday.
41. The children slept in the car.
42. He kept his promise.
43. I chose the steak for dinner.
44. The film began late.
45. We flew to Sydney.
46. They drove to Beijing.
47. He taught English at the University.
48. I sent you an e-mail earlier.
49. We left the house at 7 a.m..
50. He felt terrible after eating the prawns.
The basic forms of the English verb tenses:
positive negative question

present subject + verb (+ s ) subject + do / does + not + verb (question word +) do / does + subject +
simple I eat. I don’t eat toast. verb?
She eats toast. She doesn’t eat fish. Do you eat breakfast every day?
When does she eat lunch?
present subject + am / is / are subject + am / is / are + not (question word +) am / is / are +
simple I am hungry. I’m not hungry. subject…?
with ‘be’ She is in a cafe. She isn’t happy. Is he at home?
Why are you hungry?
present subject + am / is / are + verb-ing subject + am / is / are + not + verb- (question word +) am / is / are +
continuous She’s eating toast. ing subject + verb-ing?
They are eating lunch now. He isn’t eating. When are they eating?
We are not eating at home. Is he eating now?
present subject + have / has + past subject + have / has + not + past (question word +) have / has + subject
perfect participle participle + past participle?
I’ve eaten breakfast. We haven’t eaten yet. What have you eaten today?
He has eaten lunch. She hasn’t eaten the chocolate. Has she eaten lunch?
present subject + have / has + been + verb- subject + have / has + not + been + (question word +) have / has + subject
perfect ing verb-ing + been + verb-ing?
continuous I’ve been eating. They haven’t been eating. What has she been eating?
She’s been eating biscuits all day. He has not been eating toast. Have they been eating breakfast?
past subject + past simple (verb +ed) subject + did + not + verb (question word +) did + subject + verb?
simple I ate an apple. She didn’t eat anything. Did you eat the chocolate?
She ate some rice. They did not eat breakfast. What did they eat for lunch?
past subject + was / were subject + was / were + not (question word +) was / were +
simple I was hungry. We weren’t hungry. subject…?
with ‘be’ They were in a restaurant. She wasn’t at home. Why was she hungry?
Were you hungry?
past subject + was / were + verb-ing subject + was / were + not + verb- (question word +) was / were + subject
continuous I was eating. ing + verb-ing?
They were eating lunch. You weren’t eating. Where were you eating?
She wasn’t eating a sandwich. Was she eating an apple?
past subject + had + past participle subject + had + not + past participle (question word +) had + subject + past
perfect I had eaten. We hadn’t eaten. participle
She’d eaten lunch. He had not eaten an apple. Why had you eaten?
Had they eaten fish before?
past subject + had + been + verb-ing subject + had + not + been + verb- (question word +) had + subject + been
perfect I had been eating chocolate all day. ing + verb-ing?
continuous She’d been eating breakfast. I hadn’t been eating. Why had he been eating?
She hadn’t been eating an apple. Had they been eating enough fruit?
future subject + will + verb subject + will + not + verb (question word +) will + subject +
simple I will eat later. We won’t eat anything tonight. verb?
She will eat at home. He will not eat fish. What will you eat for lunch?
Will she eat meat?
future subject + will + be + verb-ing subject + will + not + be + verb-ing (question word +) will + subject + be +
continuous I will be eating at 8pm. They won’t be eating. verb-ing?
She will be eating a sandwich. He will not be eating anything. What will you be eating?
Will they be eating at 6pm?
future subject + will + have + past subject + will + not + have + past (question word +) will + subject + have
perfect participle participle + past participle?
I will have eaten lunch by 3 o’clock. He won’t have eaten lunch yet. When will you have eaten?
She’ll have eaten all the chocolate. They will not have eaten their Will she have eaten dinner by nine?
sandwiches.
future subject + will + have + been + subject + will + not + have + been + (question word +) will + subject + have
perfect verb-ing verb-ing + been + verb-ing?
continuous They will have been eating fruit. I won’t have been eating fish. What will she have been eating?
We’ll have been eating all day. They will not have been eating Will you have been eating chocolate?
lunch.
© 2013 www.perfect-english-grammar.com
READING COMPREHENSION PRACTICE
(B1 IDONEITA’)
FACOLTA’ DI LETTERE E FILOSOFIA
FREDERIKA GEBHARDT
READING COMPREHENSION GUIDELINES
Keep in mind the exact amount of time you have to complete the exercise.
Read the text through quickly without stopping to check your understanding of individual
words. The first reading is to get a general understanding of the text.
Read the text a second time more carefully. This time take to time to pause at sections you
may find more difficult.
Scan the questions without looking at the answers. See if you can answer the questions
easily by yourself. Skip any questions that you cannot answer immediately.
Re-read the questions and answer. Skip any question that you find too difficult.
If you cannot find something close to your original answer to the question, take a look at the
text again.
After you have answered each question, return to the text to find a justification for each of
your answers.
Return to the questions that you were not able to answer immediately and see if you can
answer them now.
If you still have time, check that the other possible answers are not specifically referred to in
the text.
B1 Idoneita
The reading comprehension section consists of 1 text with 5 multiple choice questions (3
alternatives) and 1 text with 10 true or false questions. You have 20 minutes to complete this
section. No dictionaries are allowed.
On the following pages you will be able to practice 5 multiple choice practice tests and 5 true or
false practice tests with the answer keys.

Read through the text and choose ONE answer for each question.
1. Pet Doctor
There's an old saying in the theatre world "Never work with children or animals". It's a pity that
Herman Gross has never heard this piece of advice, or if he has, that he didn't pay attention to it. It's
not so much that Pet Doctor is a bad film, although I can't really find many reasons for saying it's a
good one. It's more that it makes me angry. Gross is a good actor. His appearance on the New York
stage last winter in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet showed that he really can act. So what's he
doing in this nonsense?
It's a story about a small town doctor who finds he's making more money by looking after the local
children's pets than he is by looking after humans. Then he gets into trouble with the police, because
he doesn't have the right sort of licence to do this and, surprise, surprise, the children and their pets
find a way to solve his problems. I won't say how, as it's the only part of the film that's even slightly
original or amusing. If you have to see it, you'd be annoyed with me for telling you. But my advice
is, when it comes to a cinema near you stay in and shampoo the cat.
Questions
1. What is the writer trying to do in the text?

a. Compare Herman Gross with another actor.
b. Give his or her opinion about using animals in films.
c. Give his or her opinion about Pet Doctor.
2. The text gives the reader ...

a. information about a new film.
b. ideas about how animals should be cared for.
c. news about the lives of film stars.
3. The writer thinks that Pet Doctor is ...

a. amusing.
b. original.
c. not worth seeing.
4. Why did the writer mention Romeo and Juliet?

a. It's an example of a really good play.
b. Gross proved he's a good actor in it.
c. The central characters are very young.
5. Which one of these TV guides is describing Pet Doctor?

a. A doctor is loved by the children whose pets he cures. But everything goes wrong and he
is sent to prison.
b. A doctor finds he can cure local animals, then discovers this isn't allowed. But it all
finishes happily.
c. A doctor prefers animals to humans and stops looking after his patients. People are dying,
the animals are cured, then the police arrive . . .
2. The Body Shop
When I opened the first 'Body Shop' in 1976 my only object was to earn enough to feed my
children. Today `The Body Shop' is an international company rapidly growing all around the world.
In the years since we began I have learned a lot. Much of what I have learned will be found in this
book, for I believe that we, as a company, have something worth saying about how to run a
successful business without giving up what we really believe in.
It's not a normal business book, nor is it just about my life. The message is that to succeed in
business you have to be different. Business can be fun, a business can be run with love and it can do
good. In business, as in life, I need to enjoy myself, to have a feeling of family and to feel excited
by the unexpected. I have always wanted the people who work for 'The Body Shop' to feel the same
way.
Now this book sends these ideas of mine out into the world, makes them public. I'd like to think
there are no limits to our 'family', no limits to what can be done. I find that an exciting thought. I
hope you do, too.
Questions
1. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this text?

a. To tell the reader her life story.
b. To introduce her ideas to the reader.
c. To explain how international companies operate.
2. What would someone learn from this text?

a. How to make a lot of money.
b. How to write a book about business.
c. What the writer's book is about.
3. How does the writer feel about the business she runs?
a. She just runs it for her own entertainment.
b. It is not like any other company.
c. It is likely to become even more successful.
4. What kinds of workers does the writer like to employ?

a. Workers who get on well with the public.
b. Workers who have the same attitude as she does.
c. Workers who have their own families.
5. What kind of person does the writer seem to be?

a. She seems to be someone with strong opinions.
b. She doesn't seem to be very confident.
c. She sees running a business as just a job.
3. The Toy Museum

This museum is in the centre of the town, a few metres from the cathedral, and near the market. It
contains dolls, dolls' houses, books, games and pastimes, mechanical and constructional toys. In this
collection there are toys made by all sorts of toy manufacturers from the most important to the
smallest, including the most ordinary toys and the most precious. There are also records of
children's pastimes over the last hundred and fifty years. Most major manufacturing countries of
Europe had toy industries in the last century; French and German factories produced millions of
toys each year. Many collectors of toys think that the second half of the nineteenth century was the
best period for toy production and the museum has many examples of toys from this period which
are still in perfect condition. There is now a growing interest in the toys of the 1920s and 1930s and
as a result of this the museum has begun to build up a collection from these years. Visitors to the
museum will find that someone is always available to answer questions - we hope you will visit us.
Hours of opening 10.00-17.30 every day (except December 25 and 26)
Questions
1. This writing is from ...

a. an advertisement.
b. a school history book.
c. a storybook.
2. What is the writer trying to do?

a. To give advice.
b. To give opinions.
c. To give information.
3. The museum has so many toys from the late 19th century because ...
a. it is located in the middle of town.
b. many consider this period the best for manufactured toys.
c. visitors are interested in toys from that time.
4. What period of toy manufacturing is receiving increased attention?

a. Every day except in December.
b. The 1920s and 1930s.
c. The 20th century.
5. Which of the following advertisements would you find outside the Toy Museum?
a. Toys of Ancient Civilizations
b. BEFORE TV! - a special exhibition of indoor games from 1890 to 1940
c. How Children Dressed 1600 - 1900 "Clothes for all Ages"
4. Photo printing firm pays out compensation
Charlotte King made a once-in-a-lifetime visit to China last October and took lots of photographs.
When she got back she decided to send away her films for printing one at a time. In this way she
would more easily be able to match her photographs to the diary she had kept while she was there.
It was a good thing that she did, because the first film she sent to the company for printing was lost.
Miss King was very upset that she would never see her precious pictures of Shanghai and Souzhou.
The company offered her a free roll of film, but Miss King refused to accept this offer and wrote
back to say that their offer wasn't enough. They then offered her £20 but she refused this too and
asked for £75, which she thought was quite fair. When the firm refused to pay she said she would
go to court. Before the matter went to court, however, the firm decided to pay Miss King £75. This
shows what can be done if you make the effort to complain to a firm or manufacturer and insist on
getting fair treatment.
Questions
1. What is the writer trying to do?

a. To complain about photographic printing.
b. To give advice on how to complain.
c. To inform us about legal problems.
2. This text is from ...

a. a diary.
b. a letter.
c. a newspaper.
3. Before her visit, Charlotte had ...

a. been to China once before.
b. never been to China before.
c. already been to China several times.
4. It was a good thing that Miss King sent her films away one at a time because ...
a. not all the films were lost.
b. she was offered a free roll of film.
c. she was able to complete her diary.
5. When Miss King said she would go to court, the company ...
a. offered her £20.
b. said their offer wasn't enough.
c. made the decision to pay £75.
5. Alternative medicine
Alternative medicine is, by definition, an alternative to something else: modern, Western medicine.
But the term ‘alternative’ can be misleading, even off-putting for some people. Few practitioners of
homeopathy, acupuncture, herbalism and the like regard their therapies as complete substitutes for
modern medicine. Rather, they consider their disciplines as supplementary to orthodox medicine.
The problem is that many doctors refuse even to recognize ‘natural’ or alternative medicine, to do
so calls for a radically different view of health, illness and cure. But whatever doctors may think,
the demand for alternative forms of medical therapy is stronger than ever before, as the limitations
of modern medical science become more widely understood.
Alternative therapies are often dismissed by orthodox medicine because they are sometimes
administered by people with no formal medical training. But, in comparison with many traditional
therapies, western medicine as we know it today is a very recent phenomenon. Until only 150 years
ago, herbal medicine and simple inorganic compounds were the most effective treatments available.
Despite the medical establishment’s intolerant attitude, alternative therapies are being accepted by
more and more doctors, and the World Health Organization has agreed to promote the integration of
proven, valuable, ‘alternative’ knowledge and skills in western medicine.
Questions
1. The term ‘alternative’ is ...

a. not entirely appropriate.
b. rejected by Western medicine.
c. very recent.
2. Alternative therapy is often rejected by conventional doctors because ...

a. it is not beneficial.
b. it is misleading.
c. practitioners are often not qualified.
3. Few practitioners of alternative medicine think their therapies should ...

a. substitute modern medicine.
b. complement modern medicine.
c. be accepted by the medical establishment.
4. Western medicine ...

a. is based on many traditional therapies.
b. has existed for a comparatively short time.
c. is practised by people with no formal medical training.
5. The World Health Organization ...

a. has an intolerant attitude towards alternative therapies.
b. will support effective knowledge and skills.
c. will support all alternative medicine.
Read through the text and say whether the following statements are True or False.
1. Norwich
Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has existed as a place to live for
more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.
The first cathedral was built in 1095 and has recently celebrated its 900th anniversary, while
Norwich itself had a year of celebration in 1994 to mark the 800th anniversary of the city receiving
a Royal Charter. This allowed it to be called a city and to govern itself independently.
Today, in comparison with places like London or Manchester, Norwich is quite small, with a
population of around 150,000, but in the 16th century Norwich was the second city of England. It
continued to grow for the next 300 years and got richer and richer, becoming famous for having as
many churches as there are weeks in the year and as many pubs as there are days in the year.
Nowadays, there are far fewer churches and pubs. With its fast growing university student
population and its success as a modern commercial centre, the city now has a wide choice of
entertainment: theatres, cinemas, nightclubs, busy cafes, excellent restaurants, and a number of arts
and leisure centres. Now the city's attractions include another important development, a modern
shopping centre called 'The Castle Mall'. The people of Norwich lived with a very large hole in the
middle of their city for over two years, as builders dug up the main car park. Lorries moved nearly a
million tons of earth so that the roof of the Mall could become a city centre park, with attractive
water pools and hundreds of trees. But the local people are really pleased that the old open market
remains, right in the heart of the city and next to the new development.
Questions
1. The River Wensum flows through East Anglia. T/F
2. People have lived by the River Wensum for at least 2,000 years. T/F
3. In the 11th century Norwich was a small village. T/F
4. Norwich has been a city since its first cathedral was built. T/F
5. Norwich has always been one of the smallest English cities. T/F
7. The number of students in Norwich is increasing. T/F
8. The Castle Mall took more than two years to build. T/F
9. Norwich people still like shopping at the old market. T/F
10. The city park surrounds the Mall. T/F

2. Carnival Safety Success
This year’s Notting Hill Carnival, Europe’s biggest street festival, was the best ever. Despite the
cloudy skies, the carnival brought the streets to life in its own unique way with record numbers and
little reported crime. After the two murders in 2009, there had been major safety worries concerning
this year’s carnival. To deal with these fears several changes were made. Firstly, the route for the
carnival was changed to avoid the narrowest streets in Notting Hill, a residential area with many
small roads. Secondly, the carnival organisers provided more stewards and they received better
training. Finally, the organisers ensured that the ending time, 9 p.m., was closely observed.
Following these changes, Carnival 2010 saw more than a million people party in the streets of
Notting Hill. More than 3,000 people dressed in spectacular colourful costumes and paraded and
danced through the streets, crowds of four and five people deep lined the route to try and see the
event. Residents partied on apartment balconies and even the police took part. Apart from the
carnival parade, the local area was filled with sound systems pumping out music of all different
kinds – Samba, Reggae and Rap music being the most common.
Police yesterday said that 56 arrests were made over the weekend, which included 30 arrests for
pick-pocketing and three for robbery. The chairman of the Notting Hill Carnival Trust, Chris
Mullard, yesterday said, "The criticism of the event has been ill-founded and I hope people will
now see the carnival for what it is; a wonderful opportunity to project the multiculturalism that is
metropolitan London.”
Questions
1. In Europe, there is a bigger festival than Notting Hill Carnival. T/F
2. The weather was very good at this year’s Carnival. T/F
3. The carnival parade went a different way this year. T/F
4. Many activities continued till midnight. T/F
5. Over a million people wore special costumes. T/F
6. For some people, it was difficult to see the parade. T/F
7. Some police danced and partied. T/F
8. There were many kinds of music. T/F
9. More than half the arrests were for theft. T/F
10. The carnival represents only one group or community in London. T/F
3. The Western Alphabet
The Western alphabet, which is used in Europe, the Americas, Africa, Australia and New Zealand
as well as in other countries, originated in the Middle East. The people who gave the world this
alphabet were the Phoenicians, a people who established colonies all over the Mediterranean,
including Carthage in Africa and Gades in Spain. In their alphabet, the letters were represented by
little pictures which represented sounds. The Phoenician A was aleph, which means "bull". and it
was made from a little picture of a bull's head. The letter B was beth which meant "house", and
showed the round-roofed buildings which you can still see today in Syria.
The Phoenicians had contact with another nation of sailors, the Greeks, with whom they fought and
traded. The Greeks also started to use the Phoenician alphabet. They changed the names so aleph
and beth became alpha and beta. The shapes of the letters are the same but they have been turned
sideways. Of course, the first two letters of the alphabet give it its name. Over the years there have
been changes. Latin developed an alphabet with some different letters to the Greeks, and other
letters have been added since. But really westerners are using the same system of writing which has
served them so well for thousands of years.
Questions
1. The purpose of this text is to tell something of Phoenician history. T/F
2. The information in the text is meant to be funny. T/F
3. The Phoenicians came from Carthage. T/F
4. The Phoenicians were a nation of sailors. T/F
5. The Phoenician alphabet was composed of individual signs. T/F
6. The Greeks turned the letters in a different direction. T/F
7. The Greeks developed the alphabet from Latin. T/F
8. There were fewer letters in the original alphabet than there are now. T/F
9. Three letters compose the name of the alphabet. T/F
10. Our modern system of writing is similar to the Phoenician alphabet. T/F
4. The Battle of Bannockburn
Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland, is one of the great heroes of Scottish history. At that time the
English king Edward II wanted to rule the whole country, but Robert the Bruce helped the Scots to
resist and to form a large army which attacked Stirling castle. King Edward’s army came to help the
soldiers in the castle, and the two armies met at the small town of Bannockburn on June 24, 1314.
At that time the strongest part of the English army was bowmen. These bowmen, with their long
bows had won many victories for the English in France. The Scots did not have many bowmen, so
when the English archers attacked they could not defend themselves or fight back. However, Robert
the Bruce was ready for this, and he called for his cavalry, (his soldiers on horseback). The horses
were too quick for the bowmen, and the Scots knights chased them from the battlefield.
As the English knights advanced, Robert the Bruce ordered the Scots to put sharp sticks in front of
their soldiers, and to dig holes in the ground for the English cavalry to fall into. As a result, the
English were discouraged by what happened and they did not fight very well.
Many people in the area knew that a great battle was being fought, and when they heard that the
Scots army was winning, they came to watch the battle. The English soldiers saw them appear on
the top of a nearby hill, and they thought that they were another Scottish army arriving. The English
were terrified that they would be caught between two Scots armies and they ran away. Now the
Scots cavalry returned to the battle and the horsemen killed many English soldiers as they ran away.
After this, the English army never really succeeded in conquering Scotland, also because they had
to fight wars in other countries, such as France and Holland.
Questions
1. The battle of Bannockburn was in the 14th Century. T/F
2. The battle took place in winter. T/F
3. At the time of the battle the English were in Stirling Castle. T/F
4. Many Scots at Bannockburn were killed by arrows. T/F
5. The English bowmen were the weakest part of the English army T/F
6. The English horsemen chased the Scots horsemen away. T/F
7. It was very difficult for the English to attack the Scots army. T/F
8. The English were frightened when another Scottish army appeared. T/F
9. The English soldiers won the battle. T/F
10. Scotland was also fighting with the French. T/F

5. Facebook
Do you use any of the social networking websites which are so popular these days, the places where
you can connect up with friends and relatives and meet people who share the same interests as you?
If you’re younger you may use MySpace, young adults are more likely to be found on Facebook
and busy professionals may prefer something like LinkedIn. But at least two of these sites have one
thing in common: apart from being social spaces where you can meet and chat to people, share
photos and other things, they’ve all added new verbs and nouns to the language in the past couple of
years. Let’s take a look at some examples. You can facebook your holiday photos (upload them to
your Facebook page), facebook someone to see who they are (look him up in Facebook), facebook
someone about a party (contact someone through their Facebook page) and ask permission to
facebook someone (add them as a Facebook friend).
As you can see, ‘facebook’ is a pretty versatile word, and you could say the same about ‘myspace’,
which you will find being used in much the same way all over the Net. LinkedIn (being a more
adult, professional community) has not been used in the same way. While you’re ‘facebooking’ or
‘myspacing’ you may also find yourself ‘commenting’ (writing a comment on someone’s Facebook
or MySpace page), as in this example: ‘I commented Mary that she should come to the pub on
Saturday and she commented me that she couldn’t because she was going away for the weekend’.
Questions
1. People who use Myspace are generally not as old as people who use Facebook. T/F
2. LinkedIn is for people with good jobs. T/F
3. Sites like these have given new words such as adverbs and adjectives to the language. T/F
4. Myspace has proven to be a less versatile word than Facebook. T/F
5. All three of the sites mentioned have provided some new words. T/F
6. In this Internet context, ‘to comment’ means to leave a message for someone on their site. T/F
7. You can use Facebook for different purposes. T/F
8. The new terms have been in use for ten years. T/F
9. The word ‘facebook’ has various uses. T/F
10. You need someone’s authorisation to add their name to your facebook page. T/F
ANSWER KEY
READING COMPREHENSION - MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Pet Doctor: 1) c 2) a 3) c 4) b 5) b.
2. The Body Shop: 1) b 2) c 3) c 4) b 5) a.
3. The Toy Museum: 1) a 2) c 3) b 4) b 5) b.
4. Photo printing firm pays out compensation: 1) c 2) c 3) b 4) a 5) c.
5. Alternative medicine: 1) a 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) b.
READING COMPREHENSION – TRUE OR FALSE
1. Norwich: 1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F 6) F 7) T 8) T 9) T 10) F
2. Carnival Safety Success: 1) F 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) T 9) F 10) F.
3. The Western Alphabet: 1) F 2) F 3)F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) F 8) T 9) F 10) T.
4. The Battle of Bannockburn: 1) T 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) F 6) F 7) T 8) F 9) F 10) F.
5. Facebook: 1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) F 9) T 10) T.
THE ENGLISH SPEAKER TEST YOURSELF 00
ADVANCED EXAMINATION PREPARATION EXERCISES (CAE)
PAPER 3: ENGLISH IN USE TIME: 1 hour 30 minutes
PART 1: CLOZE: VOCABULARY

From the words listed below, choose the ones which best fit the space, A, B, C or D.
CHEQUEBOOK JOURNALISM
If you are a politician or a pop star, a clergyman or a (01).............................. TV personality, you

will have your (02).............................. in the world of British chequebook journalism. Every
(03).............................. newspaper has its team of experts who (04).............................. the exact
(05).............................. to be paid for scandalous revelations. There is a (06)..............................
of charges in the business. For instance, the kiss and (07).............................. variety, where a girl
has spent a few nights in the hotel room of a pop singer, can (08).............................. a couple of
thousand pounds. At the top end is the £250,000 offered by one newspaper to a former girl-friend
of Andrew, the Duke of York, for the (09).............................. of pictures she is known to have
which (10).............................. their friendship. The girl refused.
Fleet Street public houses are the (11).............................. of exchange where the middle-men
(12).............................. gossip and (13).............................. confessors to the highest bidder. This
is the bottom end of the market. The real money (14).............................. when high-level
politicians are the (15)............................... When the Chairman of the Conservative Party left his
mistress and went back to his wife, the Daily Mirror paid £60,000 for his mistress's confessions.
01. A. adored B. famous C. renowned D. well-known

02. A. value B. price C. cost D. fee
03. A. well-liked B. popular C. fashionable D. cheap
04. A. value B. predict C. forecast D. evaluate
05. A. salary B. quantity C. fee D. commission
06. A. grade B. chart C. rule D. scale
07. A. tell B. confess C. inform D. reveal
08. A. reward B. gain C. earn D. lift
09. A. volume B. diary C. book D. album
10. A. documents B. outlines C. recounts D. relates
11. A. circus B. field C. hall D. arena
12. A. offer B. present C. peddle D. display
13. A. willing B. able C. qualified D. enthusiastic
14. A. arrives B. comes C. enters D. appears
15. A. target B. aim C. intention D. score
PART 2: CLOZE: STRUCTURAL WORDS

Complete with one word only in each space.
ULTRARUNNERS
(16).............................. marathons, there are the ultramarathons. (17).............................. are
Advanced English Practice Test 01 Paper 3 English in Use

©1999English Teaching Systems test 00 page 1
races at 50 miles or 100 miles, or there are runs that take 24 hours or six days. They are held on
tracks in New York City or on trails in the desert in Utah. The 100-mile Endurance Run in Northern
California has become (18).............................. popular that the (19).............................. of runners
is limited by lottery to 375. Six-day races are rather less popular. In New York, only 26 men and 5
women turned (20).............................. for the six-day run won by 28-year-old Yannis Kouros of
Greece when he set a new world record by covering 635 miles.
The ultrarunner is in a race apart. One of them says, "There's a risk of getting so involved with it
that it consumes you, (21).............................. you an imbalanced person. It cuts into your family
life. It wrecks your marriage (22).............................. strengthens it - certainly nothing in between.
Still, it's kind of fun to know you can deal with a situation that would kill almost anyone
(23)..............................."
Carol La Plant is a San Francisco lawyer. She has suffered stress fractures in both legs and
ruptured discs in her lower back which (24).............................. her in bed for two months. She
says, "I'm a real kamikaze and run (25).............................. the pain. One doctor told me I have
the nervous system of a slug." In (26).............................. to the physical challenge, Mrs La Plant
has problems (27).............................. her legal colleagues who figure she should be in legal briefs
(28).............................. than running briefs.
Ultrarunners form a closed society. (29).............................. the society there is an elite club
called the Flatlanders with a membership of about 80 from half-a-dozen different countries.
Flatlanders (30).............................. have run 100 miles in less than 24 hours and re-qualify every
year for membership
PART 3: ERROR RECOGNITION

Most but not all of the following lines contain an unnecessary word. Underline the word that is not
needed. If a line is correct, tick (T) it.
WINE AT AUCTION
31. During the winter, most of London auctioneers have wine auctions. Some are of wines for
32. everyday drinking, but most are of the fine wines. Last winter, a dozen bottles of Lafite 1945
33. were knocked out down at £158 the bottle. A Mr John Grisanti, a restaurateur from Memphis,
34. was paid £9,000 for a magnum - that is, a two-bottle size - of 1864 Lafite. He charged 30
35. people $1,500 each person for a dinner with a small glass of the wine. It was worth ten times
36. more the cost of the wine in publicity for his restaurant. Was it worth the money? Well, it is
37. doubtful if you would complain after which you had paid so much for a meal. One man in the
38. fine wine business says so: "As far as clarets are concerned, what confuses me is that there

39. are certainly people who are prepared to pay astronomical prices for wines which I know are
40. nothing but dishwater. Because there is no way that a bottle of wine at £1000 is one hundred
41. times better off than one that costs £10. Perhaps the top price you can pay for wine to enjoy
42. for drinking is £100 a bottle. Above £100, you are paying for something other than taste.”
PART 4: WORD FORMATION

Complete with a word formed from those in the list.
Governed in Secret X-ray revealed a (57) ..........................
What surprises some overseas observers is the reptile called a gila monster wrapped in a
(43) .......................... with which the “mother of sock. The (58) .......................... police
democracy” is governed. There is nothing in Britain trail led to a salesman in Hampshire
to compare with the American freedom of (44) whose back bedroom was filled with
.......................... act. Mrs Thatcher's press rattlesnakes, lethal lizards, snapping
secretary even went so far as to boast to American turtles and a python, most of which he
newspaper reporters that "the ordinary British had sent himself through the post.
subject not only has no right to know but does not
want to know." Government will go to (45)
.......................... lengths to preserve itself and
avoid embarrassing (46) ..........................of the (47)
.......................... of the ways it runs its business. 43. SECRET ..........................
The best known example was the way the Thatcher
government spent millions trying to suppress the 44. INFORM ..........................
Spycatcher book, written in Australia by a
disgruntled former intelligence officer. It is to 45. ORDINARY ..........................
Australia's credit that the heavy-handed attempt at
(48) .......................... failed (49) .......................... . 46. REVEAL ..........................
Why did the government use a (50)
..........................to crack this particular nut. What 47. COMPETE ..........................
was it really trying to protect?
48. CENSOR ..........................
Man and Beast
Newspapers are fond of what the French call 49. EMBARRASS ..........................
"squashed dog" stories. Such stories run under the
"Man Bites Dog" headline. From France comes the 50. HAMMER ..........................
story of an attack on an old man near Calais carried
out by a swarm of bees. The (51) ..........................
might have pleased Hitchcock. The victim was
sunning himself in his garden at the time. The
firemen were called but were driven back into their
van by the (52).................... of the insects. After 51. SCENE ..........................
45 minutes someone arrived with (53)
.......................... clothing and insecticide. By then 52. FIERCE ..........................
the man sitting in the deck chair was dead, covered
in hundreds of stings, most of them on his eyelids. 53. PROTECT ..........................
54. SECURE ..........................

The French liked the story from London about
grafting a pig's kidneys on to a human patient. They 55. MEMBER ..........................
went for the animal rights angle. They like the idea
of putting a (54) .......................... ring round the 56. PACK ..........................
hospital to repel people who are intent on rescuing
the pig from (55) .......................... From London, 57. POISON ..........................
too, came the story of the brown paper parcel in
London's main parcel sorting office, a parcel which 58. SEQUENCE ..........................
moved. (56) .......................... do not normally move
very quickly through the post office at the best of
times, but this one was definitely frisky. A lady
customs officer was summoned to X-ray it. The

PART 5: CORRECT REGISTER
Read the following personal letter. Complete the formal letter which follows, using no more than
one or two words in each space. Do not repeat any words from the personal letter.
Dear Sarah
What a ghastly trip I had!
I have to write to the travel operators and tell them off. You’d think they could get the facts
straight in their recent booklet. But no. The hotel rooms were supposed to be three-star, and I
was supposed to get all my meals. At least, that’s what they promised, but I even had to pay extra
for dinner, and the Mediterranean was nowhere in sight. What a dump that hotel was, providing
nothing, not even a swimming pool. I told their man on the spot but he just said that everything in
the brochure was kosher and correct, and it was all my fault for not checking. But I did! No doubt
about it. I want all my money back. Slim chance, though. Oh, misery!
LETTER OF COMPLAINT
Dear Sir
I write to (59) ..................... about the package tour to Marbella booked through your company on
the 15th July for the period 10-16 September. The holiday is advertised on page 34 of your (60)
..................... brochure.
The (61) ..................... given in the brochure completely misrepresented the reality. According
to your brochure, (62) ..................... should have been three-star, with (63) ..................... , and
double room with (64) ..................... . However, the hotel I stayed in had no stars at all. It was an
ordinary pension. The room itself was cramped, even though it contained only one single bed. It
faced away from the sea on to a noisy and crowded main street. A (65) ..................... had to be
paid for an evening meal.
To make matters worse, the hotel had no (66) ..................... : no swimming pool or private
beach, both of which were promised by your misleading brochure.
On top of everything else, when I took the matter up with your (67) ..................... , Mr Greg
Morton, he did nothing at all. He said I should have (68) ..................... the details of the brochure
when I booked. In fact, I did so, as far as I was able, by asking my travel agent for confirmation.
He assured me I could rely on the (69) ..................... of your brochure. He was wrong.
I write to you in the expectation of a (70) ..................... of the £650.00 I paid.
Yours faithfully
copies to the Office of Fair Trading and to Executive Travel Agents

PART 6: STRUCTURE AND MEANING
Choose from the list the best phrases to fill the spaces. Some of the phrases on the list are
unsuitable.
HEART DISEASE
Few arguments create greater passion among medical experts (71) ...................... Throughout
the seventies, the link seemed to be irrefutable. The work of Ancel Keys in America showed (72)
...................... His work was supported by studies of Japanese migrants to the United States who
developed the heart disease pattern of their adopted country. By the end of the eighties,
however, a reaction had set in. Some doctors refused to accept any connection between diet and
heart disease. They have argued (73) ....................., although unlikely to cause physical harm,
could lead to malnutrition, particularly among children. They are appalled (74) ..................... .
Come between some doctors and their bacon and eggs and feelings will run high.
The nutritionists have fought back. They remain convinced (75) ...................... One doctor
argues that a fibre-rich diet is only of use to those who suffer from diabetes. Rubbish, say the
nutritionists, and go on to point out (76) ...................... At least one in seven takes laxatives.
And dietary fibre is of proven value in the treatment of constipation.
A. that sugary, fatty foods lead to preventable ill health
B. that a poor diet can make unhealthy people
C. that diets which cut back on dairy produce
D. that heart disease correlated in different countries with dairy food consumption
E. that serious malfunction may occur
F. than the postulated link between diet and heart disease
G. that a different attitude is needed by the medical profession
H. that over one third of British adults are constipated
I. that breakfast should be under attack by the spectre of disease
J. that not more attention is paid to it

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THE ENGLISH SPEAKER TEST YOURSELF 00
ADVANCED EXAMINATION PREPARATION EXERCISES (CAE)
PAPER 3: ENGLISH IN USE ANSWERS
PART 1: CLOZE: 36. more between diet and heart disease

VOCABULARY 37. which 72. D. that heart disease correlated in
38. so different countries with dairy food
01. well-known 39. T consumption
02. price 40. Because 73. C. that diets which cut back on dairy
03. popular 41. off produce
04. evaluate 42. T 74. I. that breakfast should be under
05. fee attack by the spectre of disease
06. scale PART 4: WORD FORMATION 75. A. that sugary, fatty foods lead to
07. tell preventable ill health
08. earn 43. secrecy 76. H. that over one-third of British
09. album 44. information adults are constipated
10. documents 45. extraordinary
11. arena 46. revelations
12. peddle 47. incompetence
13. willing 48. censorship
14. comes 49. embarrassingly
15. target 50. sledgehammer
51. scenario
PART 2: CLOZE: 52. ferocity
STRUCTURAL 53. protective
WORDS 54. security
55. dismemberment
16. Beyond 56. packages
17. These 57. poisonous
18. so 58. subsequent
19. number
20. out/up PART 5: CORRECT
21. makes REGISTER
22. or
23. else 59. complain
24. put/kept 60. current, latest
25. through 61. description/information
26. addition 62. The accommodation
27. with 63. full board
28. rather 64. bath/shower/sea view
29. Within 65. surcharge/supplement/supplementary charge
30. must 66. facilities
67. representative/agent
PART 3: ERROR 68. confirmed
RECOGNITION 69. accuracy
70. (full) refund
31. of
32. the PART 6: STRUCTURE AND
33. out MEANING
34. was
35. person 71. F. than the postulated link

©1999English Teaching Systems test 00 answers
© 2005 UsingEnglish.com
Easily confused words, etc.
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete the sentences.
1. If you aren’t sure of a word, check its meaning in your dictionary.
2. I’m not sure if they’re coming.
3. She’s done well, hasn’t she?
4. It cannot be ready on time.
5. I did hardly any work yesterday.
6. It was a rush, but we just managed to get there in time.
7. You really ought to help more often.
8. I had less time than I needed.
9. It was cancelled because of the bad weather.
10. She’s away on a business trip.
11. Thieves robbed my office last night.
12. I’ll see her during the summer.
13. If you don’t stop smoking, you’ll be seriously ill.
14. I met them on holiday.
15. She’ll be back soon; she’s gone to the bank.
16. I want it ready by five o’clock.
17. I must pay my phone bill this week.
18. What time does your train get to the station?
19. I must return the books I borrowed from the library.
20. I arrived home late, so I missed the film on TV.

FCE PAPER 3: USE OF ENGLISH
Paper 3 tests your knowledge of grammar and vocabulary. These are the key language areas you need to know.
Part 1: Multiple Choice Cloze

1) Synonyms You should be able to identify the correct word from a selection of similar words that matches a particular context
or goes with another word.
work job career employment
1. Would you like to meet for a coffee after ..........................?
2. He's decided to take a part-time ..........................
3. The number of people in full-time ..........................has risen this month.
4. If you commit a crime it will destroy your ...........................
journey trip tour ride
5. How was the bus ..........................to work today?
6. She's going on a six-week ..........................of Australia.
7. You won't see her until she's back from her skiing ..........................
8. Can I go for a ..........................on your bike?
quiz exam test trial
9. If you work hard you should pass the FCE ...........................
10. Today our teacher is giving us a short grammar ...........................
11. At the end of the lesson she'll give us a fun ...........................
12. I'm going to work for them for a ..........................period.
2) Collocations You will need to be able to identify common collocations, that is words that go together (make the bed, do your
homework)
1 He tried to .......... her some advice but she wouldn't listen.
A give B suggest C recommend D take
2 Have you .......... out the invitations to the party yet?
A posted B sent C dispatched D delivered
3 I wonder if you could .......... me a favour and carry this box for me.
A make B do C give D hold
4 Could you just stand there quietly without .......... a sound?
A creating B doing C causing D making
5 She's slowly getting .......... after the accident.
A better B over C well D improved
6 Your father looks really different in this picture but I can .......... it's him.
A know B identify C tell D choose
7 The recipe for vegetable soup has a number of different .......... .
A parts B components C ingredients D elements
8 Guess who I .......... into in the supermarket today?
A knocked B bumped C hit D banged

3) Phrasal Verbs Phrasal verbs are frequently tested in Part 1 of this paper. You need to look out for missing verbs or
prepositions/particles.
1 You'll be able to ....... that book out of the library.
A bring A take C move
2 We have to ....... ahead if we want the party to be a success.
A plan B go C push
3 She didn't say goodbye before she ....... off. She must be upset about something.
A switched B rang C cut
4 Although it was a wonderful job offer he decided to ....... it down in the end.
A pass B take C turn
5 When I saw his awful haircut I burst ....... laughing.
A out B into C in
6 As time goes ....... we do more damage to the environment.
A beyond B forward C by
7 She has decided to take ....... a new hobby.
A over B up C on
8 Could you repeat that? I couldn't quite make ....... what you were saying.
A out B up C over
4) Phrases/Expressions There are many set expressions that you are likely to be tested on in this section (hold your breath, on
no account)
1 After a great deal of discussion we were all .......... agreement that we should have a party.
A for B at C on D in
2 Thanks for telling me about that website. I'll keep it .......... mind.
A in B on C to D about
3 What do you do ....... a living? I'm a computer programmer.
A as B by C for D of
4 Our train's been cancelled. We'll have to listen out ....... an announcement.
A for B to C about D on
5 She isn't going to university next year. She's had a change of ........ .
A attitude B thoughts C heart D tune
6 There are lots of different sweets to choose from. Just ....... your pick.
A make B take C do D select
7 If you want to buy that motorbike you'll have to take .......... a loan to do it.
A down B on C up D out
8 The success of the school play was thanks .......... all the hard work involved.
A to B for C in D of
5) Linking Words Make sure you know the difference between the common linking words used in English (despite, although…)
1 Studying abroad is a great opportunity. .......... the other hand, you might find yourself getting homesick.
A By B In C On
2 He did hardly any work before the exam. .........., he managed to pass.
A Although B Nevertheless C Despite
3 Life in a big city is more stressful than the country. .......... it can also be expensive.
A Further B Addition C Moreover
4 Some people have said the play is boring. .......... the contrary, I found it absolutely fascinating
A On B In C At
5 The law regarding dangerous driving has been changed. As a/an .......... ,more people are going to prison.
A effect B result C outcome
6 The company is making a number of changes. In other .......... it seems that there are going to be a number of job losses.
A words B ways C sayings
7 She bumped into her ex-boyfriend in the street, .......... all her efforts to avoid him.
A through B spite C despite
8 The team played well in the first half. In .........., during the second half they completely lost control of the game.
A contrary B contrast C context

Part 2: Open Cloze
1) Parts of Speech The missing word is often (but not always) one of the parts of speech that are listed in the following exercise.
1 This is the doctor who cured my illness. … auxiliary verb
2 She's suffering from a bad cold at the moment … modal verb
3 I haven't seen him for ages. … other
4 We could go on a picnic or we could stay indoors. … preposition
5 The house was built ten years ago. … article
6 Books should not be removed from the library. … relative pronoun
7 That's the man I was telling you about. … pronoun
8 They didn't play well enough to win. … conjunction
2) Pronouns Words like 'you', 'her', 'which' etc. are often the missing word.
2a Complete the following text by adding a personal pronoun or a possessive adjective/pronoun.
Paul and Anne decided to decorate the living room (a) .......................... as they thought (b) ............... would be cheaper that
way. Paul went up the ladder on (c) .......................... own to paint the ceiling, even though Anne told (d) .......................... to
wait till (e) .......................... could help (f) .......................... by holding the ladder. Unfortunately, lost (g) ..........................
balance and the paint went all over Anne and (h) .......................... very expensive new dress.
2b The following sentences contain ONE missing relative pronoun. Write the missing word in the space.
1 I work for a company ............. makes computers. 5 Who is that woman ............. husband we met last week?
2 Thanks for your letter, ............. arrived last week. 6 That man we met at the party. Do you know ............. I mean?
3 To ............. it may concern. 7 We live in Madrid, ............. is one of my favourite cities.
4 The school ............. I studied is in the local newspaper. 8 Ten students went in for the exam, none of ............. failed.
3) Articles and Quantifiers Articles, 'a', 'the' and quantifiers like, 'much', 'many', 'all', 'enough' etc. are often required.
1 The shop was very quiet and ............. people were waiting to be served.
A little B few C none
2 I haven't got ............. plans for the weekend if you'd like to go out somewhere.
A some B no C any
3 Was there ............. traffic on the roads this evening?
A much B many C few
4 I've tried to phone several shops but ............. of them were open.
A no B none C any
5 Have you got ............. money to buy a new car?
A many B enough C much
6 I asked Sally and Kim but ... of them wanted to go out.
A none B either C neither
7 He's exercising a lot ............. than he used to.
A less B fewer C least
8 The doctor had two patients, ............. of whom were complaining of upset stomachs.
A both B either C all

4) Auxiliary verbs
1 If I had known you were in I …………... have come round.
2 That …………... have been Tony who called this evening. He said he was going to phone.
3 He …………... speak several languages fluently.
4 Have you ever …………... to India? 5 I told you we …………... have booked the tickets earlier.
6 The suspect …………... seen running towards the station. 9 You don't …………... to give me a lift. I can walk.
7 Excuse me. …………... I open the window? 10 You …………... to see a doctor about your cough.
8 …………... you speak English? 11 Maria …………... to do extra homework to prepare for
the exam.
5) Conjunctions Conjunctions (linking words) like 'but', 'and', 'yet' etc. will sometimes be the word you are looking for.
1 ……………………….. he felt quite ill he still went to work.
2 There was heavy traffic in the city today ……………………….. of an accident.
3 You could come round to our house ……………………….. we could meet at the cinema.
4 Candidates are not permitted to leave the room ……………………….. they are accompanied by a member of staff.
5 You can have the job ……………………….. you agree to work on Saturdays.
6 There will be strong winds in the north. ……………………….. the south will remain warm and sunny.
7 He came top of his group ……………………….. starting the course late.
8 ……………………….. you may be aware, I intend to retire at the end of the year.
6) Prepositions/Phrasal Verbs Prepositions ('in', 'at', 'on' etc.) will very often be the missing word.
1 The surgeon is operating ............. the patient now.
A at B to C on D in
2 There's no possibility ............. us finishing the project by the weekend.
A in B with C for D of
3 Have you got any advice ............. how to go about buying a new car?
A at B on C in D for
4 How much have you saved ............. for your holiday?
A up B in C on D about
5 The police are looking ............. the recent series of robberies in the area.
A into B on C around D through
6 I sympathise ............. your problem but I'm afraid there's nothing I can do to help.
A in B for C with D to
7 Would you be kind enough to fill ............. this application form, please.
A over B with C in D up
8 He really takes ............. his father. They're alike in so many ways.
A on B after C in D over
7) Sentence Level Practice Most of the categories covered in the previous exercises are tested below along with words that do
not fit into these groups.
1 We would have called you if we ......................... known you were in.
2 I can't put ......................... with this noise anymore. I'm going to complain.
3 Wait ......................... minute. I'll see if I've got his address.
4 He failed his exam, ......................... was a real surprise.
5 There have been many ......................... refugees crossing the border during the last two days.
6 Manchester United won the game in ......................... of the fact that they played with only 9 players.
7 This product should ......................... consumed within 3 days.
8 It was ......................... cold today we decided to stay at home.

Part 3: Word Formation
Part 3 tests your knowledge of the way words are formed in English, including the use of prefixes and suffixes, and spelling rules
associated with these changes.
1) Forming nouns This exercise focuses on people and their jobs using the most common suffixes.
1. A person who acts for a living is called an .............................. .
2. A .............................. is someone who earns money from writing music.
3. She didn't become famous as a .............................. until her 17th novel was published.
4. In Part 5 of the FCE Exam your speaking ability will be assessed by the .............................. .
5. At the end of the interview the .............................. asked if he could be shown around the company.
6. The waiter asked the .............................. if she would help him deal with a difficult customer.
7. An .............................. is someone who will be able to go through your accounts and work out how much money you have.
8. .............................. to the castle are expected to come during visiting times only.
2) Forming other nouns This exercise looks at forming nouns from verbs, nouns and adjectives by using suffixes.
1. My teacher says there has been a big (IMPROVE) ................................. in my English lately.
2. The recipe says you only need to add two (SPOON) ................................. of salt.
3. Why did you do that? I thought you had more (INTELLIGENT) ................................. than that.
4. The singer gave a briliant (PERFORM) ................................. on stage yesterday.
5. Have you seen her magazine (COLLECT) ................................. She must have over 200 editions.
6. On hearing the news, everyone was overcome with a feeling of (SAD) ................................. .
7. When you take the FCE Speaking paper you will be given marks for your (ACCURATE) ................................. and also on how
fluent you are.
8. She has the (ABLE) ................................. to pass the exam first time round providing she works hard.
3) Forming opposite meanings This exercise focuses on the common prefixes and suffixes used to form opposite words.
Choose the correct prefix or suffix to form the opposite (find the adjective first) (in- im- il- un- -less dis- ir- )
1 When he became a teenager he wanted to be more ................................. from his parents. DEPEND
2 It was really ................................. of you to take that money without asking. HONESTY
3 If you hadn't been so ................................. with that book you'd still have it now. CARE
4 My broken leg means I'll be ................................. to go on holiday with you. ABILITY
5 In many countries it is ................................. to smoke cigarettes under the age of 16. LEGAL
6 He waited ................................. for the train to arrive at the station. PATIENT
7 The teacher told me it was ................................. of me to set off the fire alarm. RESPONSE
4) Forming verbs This exercise looks at some common suffixes used in creating verbs. Pay attention to tenses and spelling!
1. He told her that he (SYMPATHY) ................................. with her problem but couldn't do anything to help.
2. My belt feels a bit tight after that huge lunch. I think I'll have to (LOOSE) ................................. it a little.
3. She was severely (WEAK) ................................. by the long illness she had.
4. There are many different ways to (CLASS) ................................. areas of English Grammar.
5. If you're really sorry for what you said you won't mind (APOLOGY.................................
6. There's no need to (CRITIC) ................................. my work. I'm trying as hard as I can.
7. The pain in his back (LESS) ................................. as soon as he took the medication.
8. Everybody was (HORROR) ................................. by the news of the earthquake.
5) Forming adjectives and adverbs This exercise looks at the most common adjective and adverb endings.
1. Be sure to contact him if you need advice. He's a very (HELP) ................................. person.
2. It was a really (ENJOY) ................................. party. Thanks for inviting me.
3. He has just taken out a (MONTH) ................................. subscription to the magazine.
4. She smiled (HAPPY) ................................. when they offered her the new job.
5. (HOPE) ................................. we'll have enough money saved to get married next year. (2 changes required)
6. In order for the medicine to work (EFFECT) ................................. you must take the correct amount. (2 changes required)
7. Although our teacher is very strict in class, she is (FRIEND) ................................. than you would expect. (2 changes required)
8. What a beautiful vase! That's the (LOVE) ................................. present I've ever had. (2 changes required)
6) Difficult spellings
1 He tried to fix his machine but it was (POSSIBLE) .................................
2 You don't need to wear a suit to the party. You can look (FORMAL) ................................. if you wish.
3 She won the bicycle race (EASY) ................................. .
4 The weather forecast says it's going to be (RAIN) ................................. today.
5 The body was discovered (LIE) ................................. on the floor.
6 He told her that he was (TRUE) ................................. in love with her.
7 She was filled with (HAPPY) ................................. when she heard the good news.
8 He was the (BIG) ................................. in the class.

Part 4: Key Word Transformation
1) Comparative/Superlative Structures like so/such .., er/as ... as or too/enough often appear in this exercise.
1. The food was so good we had to leave a tip.
SUCH It ................................................................... we had to leave a tip.
2. The computer was too expensive for me to buy.
ENOUGH I ................................................................... money to buy the computer.
3. It's the most beautiful painting I've ever seen.
SEEN I ................................................................... beautiful painting.
4. This summer has been much cooler than last year.
COOL Last summer ................................................................... this year.
5. I'm not as good at maths as you.
BETTER You ................................................................... me.
6. The course wasn't as easy as I'd expected.
MORE The course ................................................................... I'd expected.
7. This car isn't safe enough to drive.
DANGEROUS This car ................................................................... drive.
8. This exercise is easier than the last one.
HARD This exercise ................................................................... the last one.
2) Passive/Active
1. The examiner tells candidates the regulations at the beginning of the exam.
TOLD At the beginning of the exam candidates ................................................................... the regulations.
2. Did we send that letter to Mr Thomas?
WAS Do you know if ................................................................... to Mr Thomas?
3. We haven't arranged a date for the wedding yet.
BEEN A date for the wedding ................................................................... yet.
4. They will have given him the news by now.
TOLD He ................................................................... the news by now.
5. Experts estimate that most people now have access to the Internet.
IS ................................................................... most people now have access to the Internet.
6. The garage on the corner usually repairs my car.
HAVE I ................................................................... by the garage on the corner.
7. Steve definitely didn't write that essay.
WRITTEN That essay ................................................................... by Steve.
8. The police have cancelled the demonstration.
HAS The demonstration ................................................................... by the police.

3) Direct and Indirect Speech
1. 'What do you think of the college?'
ASKED She ................................................................... of the college.
2. 'I'll call you later tonight,' Keith promised.
WOULD Keith promised that ................................................................... night.
3. 'I didn't break the window,' said the boy.
DENIED The boy ................................................................... the window
4. 'Why don't you come this evening?'
SUGGESTED She ................................................................... that evening.
5. 'You look really tired,' he told her.
SAID He ................................................................... really tired.
6. 'You must do your homework tonight.' the teacher said.
TOLD The teacher ................................................................... my homework.
7. 'What's your name?' he asked.
KNOW He ................................................................... what my name was.
8. 'I might be late for.' he told me.
INFORMED He ................................................................... might be late.
4) Auxiliary Verbs
1. I went to the office, then remembered it was my day off.
HAVE I ................................................................... to the office as it was my day off.
2. Perhaps we missed the correct turning.
MIGHT We ................................................................... the correct turning.
3. I'm afraid you can't smoke in here.
ALLOWED You ................................................................... in here.
4. They will expect you to wear a suit for the interview.
HAVE You ................................................................... a suit for the interview.
5. I'd see a doctor if I were you.
OUGHT You ................................................................... a doctor.
6. He couldn't swim until he was in his twenties.
ABLE He ................................................................... until he was in his twenties.
7. We got a table at the restaurant without a reservation.
NEED We ................................................................... book a table at the restaurant.
8. You were expected to answer all the questions on the exam paper.
ANSWERED You ................................................................... all the questions on the examination paper.

5) Conditionals
1. I only told you because I thought you would be interested.
TOLD I ................................................................... you if I thought you weren't interested.
2. I won't organise the party unless you arrange the food.
LONG I'll organise the party ................................................................... arrange the food.
3. I think it would be a good idea to speak to the manager first.
WERE If ................................................................... speak to the manager first.
4. If you do the washing up I'll make the coffee.
PROVIDED I'll make the coffee ................................................................... the washing up.
5. Your tired because you keep staying up late.
WERE If ................................................................... to bed earlier, you wouldn't be so tired.
6. You never enter competitions so you'll never win anything.
MIGHT If you entered competions ................................................................... something.
7. The reason I haven't got much money is because they didn't give me promotion.
POOR If they had given me promotion I ................................................................... now.
8. I've been so happy since I met you.
MIGHT I ................................................................... so happy if I hadn't met you.
6) 'Unreal' Pasts
1. I'd love to know how John is getting on.
KNEW I ................................................................... how John was getting on.
2. You should take an umbrella with you.
BETTER You ................................................................... an umbrella with you.
3. I think taxes should be increased.
TIME It ................................................................... increased
4. He behaves like the President of the company.
THOUGH He acts ................................................................... the President of the company.
5. I regret not inviting Cathy to the party.
ONLY If ................................................................... Cathy
6. I'd prefer you to get home early tonight.
RATHER I ................................................................... home early tonight.
7. It's a pity the car is so expensive.
WISH I ................................................................... so expensive.
8. It will be better for you to come alone.
SOONER I would ................................................................... on your own.

7) Verb Patterns
1. It's really important that you pay the bill today.
REMEMBER You must ................................................................... the bill today.
2. I think it would be a good idea if you joined the beginner's class.
SUGGEST I ................................................................... the beginners class.
3. Meeting John in town was really surprising.
EXPECT I ................................................................... John in town.
4. In the future she became a successful business woman.
WENT She ................................................................... a successful business woman.
5. I'll help you with your homework.
MIND I ................................................................... you with your homework.
6. I hated driving on the left at first but now it's OK.
USED I ................................................................... on the left now.
7. Don't bother to apply for the job.
POINT There ................................................................... for the job.
8. Were you successful in passing the exam?
MANAGE Did ................................................................... the exam?
8 Phrasal Verbs
1. I'm really excited about the holiday.
LOOKING I ................................................................... the holiday.
2. The bomb exploded early this morning
OFF The bomb ................................................................... early this morning.
3. Why don't you start doing a sport?
TAKE Have you thought about ................................................................... a sport?
4. His parents raised him very strictly.
UP His parents ................................................................... very strictly.
5. They've cancelled the wedding.
OFF They have ................................................................... the wedding.
6. I don't think they should abolish military service.
AWAY They shouldn't ................................................................... military service.
7. I've got to reduce the amount of sweets I eat.
DOWN I must ................................................................... the number of sweets I eat.
8. My host family will let you stay with us.
UP My host family will ....................................................................

9) Practice In the exam you may have to make TWO changes to the sentence, for example changing active to passive AND
using a phrasal verb.
1. Thieves have burgled our house.
INTO Our house ...................................................................
2. Businesses are said to be worried about interest rates.
CONCERN There ................................................................... amongst businesses about interest rates.
3. 'I don't share your views on capital punishment' he said.
AGREE He told me ................................................................... my views on capital punishment.
4. Loans must be repayed in full.
BACK You ................................................................... all the money.
5. There have been more redundancies this year than before.
NUMBER There has been a rise ................................................................... redundancies this year.
6. I'm sorry but you must not smoke here.
FORBIDDEN I'm afraid ..... here.
7. I don't think it's a good idea to get married too early.
IN I don't ................................................................... too early.
8. Did you manage to convince him?
IN Did you ................................................................... him?

FCE Paper 3 – Use of English
Part 1 – Multiple choice
1 Synonyms 4. D 4 Phrases/expressions
1. work 5. A 1. D
2. job 6. C 2. A
3. employment 7. C 3. C
4. career 8. B 4. A
5. journey 5. C
6. tour 3 Phrasal verbs 6. B
7. trip 1. B 7. A
8. ride 2. A
9. exam 3. B 5 Linking words
10.test 4. C 1. C
11.quiz 5. A 2. B
12.trial 6. C 3. C
7. B 4. A
2 Collocations 8. A 5. B
1. A 6. A
2. B 7. C
3. B 8. B
Part 2 – Open cloze
1 Parts of speech 3 Articles and quantifiers 5 Conjunctions

1. 5 1. B 1. although
2. 6 2. C 2. because
3. 8 3. A 3. or
4. 2 4. B 4. unless
5. 7 5. B 5. if/provided
6. 1 6. C 6. however
7. 3 7. A 7. despite
8. 4 8. A 8. as
2 Pronouns 4 Auxiliary verbs 6 Prepositions/phrasal verbs

2a 1. would 1. C
a) themselves 2. must 2. D
b) it 3. can/could 3. B
c) his 4. been 4. A
d) him 5. should 5. A
e) she 6. was 6. C
f) him 7. shall/can/may 7. C
g) his 8. can/do 8. B
h) her 9. have/need
10.ought 7 Sentence level practice
2b 11.has/had 1. had
1. which/that 2. up
2. which 3. a
3. whom 4. which
4. where 5. more
5. whose 6. spite
6. who 7. be
7. which 8. so
8. whom
Part 3 – Word formation
1 Forming nouns (jobs) 4 Forming verbs

1. actor/actress 1. sympathized
2. musician 2. loosen
3. novelist 3. weakened
4. examiner(s) 4. classify
5. interviewee 5. apologizing
6. waitress 6. criticize
7. accountant 7. lessened
8. visitors 8. horrified
2 Forming other nouns 5 Forming adjectives and adverbs

1. improvement 1. helpful
2. spoonfuls 2. enjoyable
3. intelligence 3. monthly
4. performance 4. happily
5. collections 5. hopefully
6. sadness 6. effectively
7. accuracy 7. friendlier
8. ability 8. loveliest
3 Forming opposite meanings 6 Difficult spelling

1. independent 1. impossible
2. dishonest 2. informal
3. careless 3. easily
4. unable 4. rainy
5. illegal 5. lying
6. impatiently 6. truly
7. irresponsible 7. happiness
8. biggest
Part 4 – Key word transformations
1 Comparative/superlative
1. was such good food
2. did not/didn't have enough
3. have/'ve never seen such a or a more
4. was not or wasn't as/so cool as
5. are/'re better at Maths or can do Maths better than
6. was more difficult than
7. is/'s too dangerous to
8. is not/isn't/'s not as/so hard as
2 Passive/active
1. are told (about)
2. that/the letter was sent
3. has not/hasn't been arranged/set
4. will/'ll have been told
5. It is estimated (by experts) (that)
6. usually have/get my car repaired
7. can't/cannot/won't have been written
8. has been cancelled/called off
3 Direct/indirect speech
1. asked (me) what I thought
2. he would/'d ring/phone/call/telephone later that
3. denied breaking/having broken
4. suggested coming or suggested (that) I we (should) come
5. said (that) she looked
6. told me to do
7. wanted to know
8. informed me (that) he
4 Auxiliary verbs 5 Conditionals

1. need not have gone 1. would not/wouldn't have told
2. might have missed 2. as long as you
3. are not/arent allowed to smoke 3. I were you I would/'d
4. will/'ll have to wear 4. provided (that) you do
5. ought to see 5. you were to go
6. was not/wasn't able to swim 6. you might win
7. did not/didn't need to 7. would not/wouldn't be so poor
8. should have answered 8. might not have been
6 'Unreal' pasts 7 Verb patterns

1. wish I knew 1. remember to pay
2. had/'d better take 2. suggest joining or (that) you join
3. is/'s time taxes were 3. did not/didn't expect to meet
4. as though he were 4. went on to become
5. only I had/'d invited 5. do not/don't mind helping
6. would/'d rather you got 6. am/have got used to driving
7. wish the car weren't 7. is/'s no point (in) applying
8. sooner you came 8. you manage to pass
8 Phrasal verbs
1. am/'m looking forward to
2. went off
3. taking up
4. brought him up
5. called off
6. do away with
7. cut down on
8. put you up
9 Practice
1. has been broken into
2. is said to be concern or is apparently concern
3. he did not/didn't agree with
4. must pay back
5. in the number of
6. smoking is forbidden
7. believe in getting married or marrying
8. succeed in convincing
FILL IN THE CORRECT PREPOSITION

1. I depend _________ my salary to pay my rent.
2. I would like to participate _________ the race.
3. You will succeed _________ passing your test if you study.
4. She refused to cooperate _________ the police.
5. I want to apologise _________ you _________ being late.
6. It is too noisy in this room. I cannot concentrate _________ my work.
7. My Father did not approve _________ my new boyfriend.
8. She does not believe _________ God.
9. Waking up late resulted _________ me missing the bus.

FILL IN THE CORRECT PREPOSITION FOR THE PHRASAL VERB

10.You are running too fast! I cannot keep _________ with you!

11. He makes me feel terrible. He is always putting me _________ .

12. I am sorry I am late. My car broke _________ .

13. I came _________ my bicycle when I was clearing out my shed.

14. I asked the taxi to pull _________ outside my house.

15. I don’t know the answer to your question. I will look _________ it.

16. His brother stood _________ for him against the bully.

17. I am so tired. I really don’t want to go to the party. How can I get _________ of
it?

1. on 6. on 11. down 16. up
2. in 7. of 12. down 17. out
3. in 8. in 13. accross
4. with 9. in 14. up
5. to/for 10. up 15. for

GENERAL VOCABULARY VOC1
Choose the correct word to fill in the blanks!
1. There is always the ____________________ that the plane will be early.(OPPORTUNITY /

CHANCE/POSSIBILITY)
2. My grandfather gave me a very useful piece of ____________________ . (ADVISE/ADVICE)
3. The strike will ____________________ all trains in the London area. (EFFECT/AFFECT)
4. The police will ____________________ anyone from leaving the building.(AVOID/PREVENT)
5. Come and is down ____________________ me. (BESIDE/BESIDES)
6. ____________________ managing the shop, he teaches in the evening. (BESIDE/BESIDES)
7. Can you switch to ____________________ 4 for the news? (CHANNEL/CANAL)
8. Our team has a good ____________________ of winning.(OPPORTUNITY / CHANCE/POSSIBILITY)
9. You should travel early to ____________________ traffic jams. (AVOID/PREVENT)
10. I am getting fed up with her ____________________ complaints.(CONTINUAL/CONTINUOUS)
11. It took two policemen to ____________________ the traffic. (DIRECT/CONDUCT)
12. I ____________________ you to put all your money into a savings account. (ADVISE/ADVICE)
13. I didn’t have much ____________________ on my birthday (FUN/FUNNY).
14. Don’t ____________________ my sunglasses if you borrow them. (DAMAGE/HARM)
15. The English ____________________ is beautiful in spring. (NATURE/COUNTRYSIDE)
16. He didn’t mean to ____________________ the girl. (DAMAGE/HARM)
17. You can get a good ____________________ of the sea from the church tower. (VIEW/SCENERY)
18. Her jewels were all imitations; they are quite ____________________ . (PRICELESS/WORTHLESS)
19. You can take a boat trip around the ____________________ of Amsterdam.(CHANNEL/CANAL)
20. Von Karajan will ____________________ the orchestra at the concert. (DIRECT/CONDUCT)
21. Did Alexander Fleming ____________________ penicillin? (INVENT/DISCOVER)
22. The cuts in spending will have a serious ____________________ on the educational system.
(EFFECT/AFFECT)
23. Staying indoors was a ____________________ thing to do in this kind of weather.
(SENSIBLE/SENSITIVE)
24. You should always be ____________________ to children. (SYMPATHETIC/KIND)
25. He made ____________________ faces and made the children laugh. FUN/FUNNY).
26. I am very tired; I’ll just go and ____________________ down for a few minutes. (LIE/LAY)
27. She has been in ____________________ plain for over three days.(CONTINUAL/CONTINUOUS)
28. He asked me if I would ____________________ him some money until Monday. .(LEND/BORROW)
29. The ____________________ wants to see you in his office. (PRINCIPLE/PRINCIPAL)
30. We must try to protect ____________________ and the environment(NATURE/COUNTRYSIDE)
31. Goods cannot be exchanged unless a sales ____________________ can be shown.
(RECIPE/RECEIPT)
32. I am very ____________________ to her problems. (SYMPATHETIC/KIND)
33. Be very careful with that painting; it’s ____________________ . (PRICELESS/WORTHLESS)
34. The airlines are going to ____________________ their fares again. (RAISE/RISE)
35. Can I ____________________ your car to go to the supermarket.(LEND/BORROW)
36. I gave her an Italian ____________________ book for her birthday. (RECIPE/RECEIPT)
37. My father is going to ____________________ a new carpet in the dining room. (LIE/LAY)
38. Did you ____________________ to switch off the kitchen light? .(REMIND/REMEMBER)
39. When did she ____________________ the new computer terminal? (INVENT/DISCOVER)
40. I adore the beautiful ____________________ in the Lake District. (VIEW/SCENERY)
41. She is very ____________________ and is easily upset. (SENSIBLE/SENSITIVE)
42. Does the sun ____________________ in the east or in the west? (RAISE/RISE)
43. Would you ____________________ me to finish early tonight.(REMIND/REMEMBER)
GENERAL VOCABULARY VOC1
Choose the correct word to fill in the blanks!
1. There is always the possibility that the plane will be early.(OPPORTUNITY / CHANCE/POSSIBILITY)
2. My grandfather gave me a very useful piece of advice. (ADVISE/ADVICE)
3. The strike will affect all trains in the London area. (EFFECT/AFFECT)
4. The police will prevent anyone from leaving the building.(AVOID/PREVENT)
5. Come and is down beside me. (BESIDE/BESIDES)
6. Besides managing the shop, he teaches in the evening. (BESIDE/BESIDES)
7. Can you switch to Channel 4 for the news? (CHANNEL/CANAL)
8. Our team has a good chance of winning.(OPPORTUNITY / CHANCE/POSSIBILITY)
9. You should travel early to avoid traffic jams. (AVOID/PREVENT)
10. I am getting fed up with her continual complaints.(CONTINUAL/CONTINUOUS)
11. It took two policemen to direct the traffic. (DIRECT/CONDUCT)
12. I advise you to put all your money into a savings account. (ADVISE/ADVICE)
13. I didn’t have much fun on my birthday (FUN/FUNNY).
14. Don’t damage my sunglasses if you borrow them. (DAMAGE/HARM)
15. The English countryside is beautiful in spring. (NATURE/COUNTRYSIDE)
16. He didn’t mean to harm the girl. (DAMAGE/HARM)
17. You can get a good view of the sea from the church tower. (VIEW/SCENERY)
18. Her jewels were all imitations; they are quite worthless. (PRICELESS/WORTHLESS)
19. You can take a boat trip around the canals of Amsterdam.(CHANNEL/CANAL)
20. Von Karajan will conduct the orchestra at the concert. (DIRECT/CONDUCT)
21. Did Alexander Fleming discover penicillin? (INVENT/DISCOVER)
22. The cuts in spending will have a serious effect on the educational system. (EFFECT/AFFECT)
23. Staying indoors was a sensible thing to do in this kind of weather. (SENSIBLE/SENSITIVE)
24. You should always be kind to children. (SYMPATHETIC/KIND)
25. He made funny faces and made the children laugh. FUN/FUNNY).
26. I am very tired; I’ll just go and lie down for a few minutes. (LIE/LAY)
27. She has been in continuous plain for over three days.(CONTINUAL/CONTINUOUS)
28. He asked me if I would lend him some money until Monday. .(LEND/BORROW)
29. The principal wants to see you in his office. (PRINCIPLE/PRINCIPAL)
30. We must try to protect nature and the environment(NATURE/COUNTRYSIDE)
31. Goods cannot be exchanged unless a sales receipt can be shown. (RECIPE/RECEIPT)
32. I am very sympathetic to her problems. (SYMPATHETIC/KIND)
33. Be very careful with that painting; it’s priceless. (PRICELESS/WORTHLESS)
34. The airlines are going to raise their fairs again. (RAISE/RISE)
35. Can I borrow your car to go to the supermarket.(LEND/BORROW)
36. I gave her an Italian recipe book for her birthday. (RECIPE/RECEIPT)
37. My father is going to lay a new carpet in the dining room. (LIE/LAY)
38. Did you remember to switch off the kitchen light? (REMIND/REMEMBER)
39. When did she invent the new computer terminal? (INVENT/DISCOVER)
40. I adore the beautiful scenery in the Lake District. (VIEW/SCENERY)
41. She is very sensitive and is easily upset. (SENSIBLE/SENSITIVE)
42. Does the sun rise in the east or in the west? (RAISE/RISE)
43. Would you remind me to finish early tonight.(REMIND/REMEMBER)
www.perfect-english-grammar.com
Gerunds and Infinitives Part 1
Put the verb into the correct form:
1. I don’t fancy ______________ (go) out tonight.

2. She avoided ______________ (tell) him about her plans.
3. I would like ______________ (come) to the party with you.
4. He enjoys ______________ (have) a bath in the evening.
5. She kept ______________ (talk) during the film.
6. I am learning ______________ (speak) English.
7. Do you mind ______________ (give) me a hand?
8. She helped me ______________ (carry) my suitcases.
9. I’ve finished ______________ (cook). Come and eat!
10. He decided ______________ (study) Biology.
11. I dislike ______________ (wait).
12. He asked ______________ (come) with us.
13. I promise ______________ (help) you tomorrow.
14. We discussed ______________ (go) to the cinema, but in the end we stayed at
home.
15. She agreed ______________ (bring) the pudding.
16. I don’t recommend ______________ (take) the bus, it takes forever!
17. We hope ______________ (visit) Amsterdam next month.
18. She suggested ______________ (go) to the museum.
19. They plan ______________ (start) college in the autumn.
20. I don’t want ______________ (leave) yet.
Answers:
1. going
2. telling
3. to come
4. having
5. talking
6. to speak
7. giving
8. to carry
9. cooking
10. to study
11. waiting
12. to come
13. to help
14. going
15. to bring
16. taking
17. to visit
18. going
19. to start
20. to leave
List of Irregular Verbs
Base form - past simple - past participle
abide abode abode draw drew drawn

arise arose arisen dream dreamt dreamt
awake awoke awoken drink drank drunk
be was/were been drive drove driven

bear bore born dwell dwelt dwelt
beat beat beaten eat ate eaten
beget begot begotten fall fell fallen
begin began begun feed fed fed
bend bent bent feel felt felt
bereave bereft bereft fight fought fought

beseech besought besought find found found
bespeak bespoke bespoken flee fled fled
bestride bestrode bestrided fly flew flown
bet bet bet forbid forbad(e) forbidden
bid bade/bid bidden/bid forecast forecast forecast

bind bound bound forget forgot forgotten
bite bit bitten forsake forsook forsaken
bleed bled bled freeze froze frozen
blow blew blown get got got
break broke broken give gave given
breed bred bred go went gone
bring brought brought grind ground ground

broadcast broadcast broadcast grow grew grown
build built built hang hung hung
burn burnt burnt have had had
burst burst burst hear heard heard
buy bought bought hide hid hidden

can could hit hit hit
cast cast cast hold held held
catch caught caught hurt hurt hurt
choose chose chosen keep kept kept
cling clung clung kneel knelt knelt
come came come know knew known
cost cost cost lay laid laid

creep crept crept lead led led
cut cut cut lean leant leant
deal dealt dealt leap leapt leapt
dig dug dug learn learnt learnt
do did done leave left left
English exercises and grammar rules at www.e-grammar.org/irregular-verbs/

List of Irregular Verbs
Base form - past simple - past participle
lend lent lent smell smelt smelt

let let let smite smote smitten
lie lay lain speak spoke spoken
lose lost lost speed sped sped
make made made spend spent spent
mean meant meant spin spun spun
meet met met spit spat spat
pay paid paid split split split
put put put spoil spoilt spoit
read read read spread spread spread
rend rent rent spring sprang sprung
rid rid rid stand stood stood
ride rode ridden steal stole stolen
ring rang rung stick stuck stuck
rise rose risen sting stung stung
run ran run stink stank stunk
say said said strike struck struck
see saw seen string strung strung
seek sought sought strive strove striven
sell sold sold swear swore sworn
send sent sent sweep swept swept
set set set swim swam swum
shake shook shaken swing swung swung
shed shed shed take took taken
shine shone shone teach taught taught
shoot shot shot tear tore torn
show showed shown tell told told
shrink shrank shrunk think thought thought
shrive shrove shriven throw threw thrown
shut shut shut thrust thrust thrust
sing sang sung tread trod trodden
sink sank sunk wake woke woken
sit sat sat wear wore worn
slay slew slain weave wove woven
sleep slept slept weep wept wept
slide slid slid win won won
sling slung slung wind wound wound
slink slunk slunk wring wrung wrung
slit slit slit write wrote written
English exercises and grammar rules at www.e-grammar.org/irregular-verbs/

Changing India and the world through yoga
Level 3 l Advanced
1 Warmer
Do you consider yourself a morning person?
How do you usually start your day? Do you simply get up and get ready or do you go for a run, do some
yoga, stretch, call someone, read the paper…?
2 Key words
Match the key words with the definitions. Then, find them in the article to read them in context. The
paragraph numbers are given to help you.
ascetic holistic hardline credentials teeming scores

coercion devoid of trappings discipline subtle practitioner
1. a large number _____________________ (para 5)
2. qualities that make something suitable for something _____________________ (para 5)
3. someone who lives a very simple life, especially for religious reasons _____________________ (para 8)
4. someone who does a particular activity _____________________ (para 8)
5. based on the idea that you should take care of your whole body and mind, rather than just treating a part of the
body that is ill _____________________ (para 9)
6. a branch of knowledge _____________________ (para 10)
7. strict or extreme in your beliefs or opinions and not willing to change them _____________________ (para 11)
8. indirect in a way that prevents people from noticing what you are trying to do _____________________
(para 11)
9. the use of force or threats to make someone do something _____________________ (para 11)
10. consisting of large numbers that are all moving _____________________ (para 12)
11. lacking, especially a good quality _____________________ (two words, para 13)
12. the outward signs or features of something _____________________ (para 13)

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Modi’s plan to change India and the yoga for trainee pilots. More controversially,
world through yoga angers senior politicians in India have suggested more
widespread practice of yoga could bring down
religious minorities
soaring levels of sexual violence in the country.
Police, pupils and civil servants get lessons
on ancient techniques ahead of mass yoga 8 Modi, an ascetic who is a committed vegetarian
gathering in Delhi and an enthusiastic yoga practitioner himself,
suggested an international yoga day when
Jason Burke, Delhi
speaking to the United Nations on a visit to New
6 June, 2015 York in 2014.
1 Every morning, before the temperatures in India’s 9 “Yoga is an invaluable gift of India’s ancient
capital start to rise, a handful of old friends tradition. It embodies unity of mind and body,
gather. On the parched grass not far from the thought and action, restraint and fulfilment,
India Gate monument at the centre of Delhi, they harmony between man and nature, a holistic
stretch, breathe and meditate. approach to health and wellbeing. It is not about
2 “It is the only healthy way to start the day. Much exercise but discovering the sense of oneness
better than an egg or a sandwich or a cup of with yourself, the world and nature,” Modi said at
tea,” said Arvind Singh at 6.15am as he did his the time, adding that yoga could help in tackling
breathing exercises on a bench. climate change.
3 Singh, a 42-year-old salesman, and his friends 10 The discipline is between 3,000 and 6,000 years
are far from alone. All across India, in the old and originated somewhere on the Indian
overcrowded cities, on whatever green space is subcontinent, possibly among religious ascetics.
left, similar scenes are being played out. Its meditative practices, as well as its physical
exercises, have long been associated with local
4 On 21 June – the new International Day of Yoga religious traditions including Buddhism and
– Narendra Modi, India’s prime minister, hopes Jainism, as well as the Hinduism practised by
the world will join in. The grass near India Gate 80% of Indians.
will be transformed into the venue for what, it is
hoped, will be the biggest single yoga session 11 Modi, who started his career as an organizer
ever held, with up to 45,000 people running for a hardline Hindu nationalist organization,
through a 35-minute routine. has been previously criticized for promoting a
view of Indian culture that has little place for
5 The participants will include 64-year-old Modi,
other traditions. One commentator called the
most of his government and, they hope, a
event on 21 June “a mix of cultural nationalism,
range of celebrities. Officials have been sent to
commercialization and subtle coercion”.
round up volunteers from scores of countries
to reinforce the international credentials of the 12 Novelist Ajaz Ashraf wrote on India’s Scroll
ancient Indian practice. website: “Underlying it is the hope of bringing
into the BJP tent the modern-day gurus and their
6 Getting Indians, and others, stretching has
teeming followers, who largely constitute the
emerged as something of a focus for Modi,
urban middle classes.”
who led his Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to a
landslide election victory in 2014. In May 2015, 13 Others, however, point to a recent US court ruling
schools were directed to make sure students that said yoga was not inevitably linked to faith. A
attended yoga events timed to coincide with court in California ruled that: “While the practice
the big demonstration in Delhi, even though it is of yoga may be religious in some contexts, yoga
being held on a Sunday. classes as taught in the [San Diego] district are,
as the trial court determined, ‘devoid of any
7 Officials have already signalled the introduction of
religious, mystical or spiritual trappings’.” This
compulsory yoga for India’s famously
came after two parents claimed yoga in schools
out-of-shape police officers and said that daily
promoted Hinduism and inhibited Christianity.
yoga lessons would be offered free to three
million civil servants and their families. Air India, 14 Amish Tripathi, the author of best-selling novels
the national carrier, has also said it will introduce set 4,000 years ago in India that retell stories
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from Hindu mythology, said characters in his
books practise yoga.
15 “In ancient India, it was part of daily life, both the
physical and the mental aspects. Every culture
has gifted something to the world and this is our
gift,” Tripathi said.
16 Suneel Singh, a guru in south Delhi, agreed that
yoga did not belong to any one religion: “Is t’ai chi
just Chinese? Is football just English? Same with
yoga. It is a complete package for everybody’s
body and a cheap way to keep you hale
and hearty.”
© Guardian News and Media 2015
First published in The Observer, 06/06/15
3 Comprehension check
Answer the questions, if possible, without referring back to the article.
1. What is the venue for the world’s largest yoga class (place, city, country)?
2. Provide at least four facts about India’s prime minister.
3. Which section of society, which is notoriously unfit, are officials keen to introduce to yoga?
4. Who else will be offered free yoga classes?
5. What does the prime minister say about the benefits of yoga?
6. Why have some groups criticized the campaign to introduce yoga to more people?
7. What did a recent US court ruling say about yoga in schools?
8. How long has the discipline of yoga been in existence?
4 Expressions
a. Find the following expressions in the article.
1. certainly not the only ones (3 words, para 3)

2. bring people who are willing to do something to one place (3 words, para 5)
3. a situation in which a political party wins by a very big majority (3 words, para 6)
4. arranged so that it will happen at the same time as something else (4 words, para 6)
5. in bad physical condition (3 words, para 7)
6. strong and in good health (3 words, para 16)
b. Use the expressions in sentences of your own.

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5 Vocabulary – word families
Complete the first four rows of the table. Then, complete the rest of the table by choosing other words from
the article and adding their related forms.
noun verb adjective adverb

harmony
meditate
enthusiastic
controversially
6 Discussion
• Is yoga or any other kind of sport or exercise offered at your workplace or school?
• If so, do you attend any classes? Why? Why not?
• If nothing is offered, do you think it should be? If so, then what would you like to see offered?
• Who benefits from these kinds of offers?
• In the article, Indian author Amish Tripathi says, ‘Every culture has gifted something to the world and
this is our gift.’ What has your culture or country gifted to the world?
7 Webquest
• What yoga events were held around the world during the most recent International Day of Yoga (21
June)? Where were they? How many people attended?
• Find out more about the International Day of Yoga and its connection to the United Nations
General Assembly.
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KEY
Teacher’s note: At some point during the lesson, 4 Expressions
find out whether any of your students practise yoga. If
they do, get them to tell the others what a typical yoga 1. far from alone
class is like. If no one in the class can tell the others 2. round up volunteers
about yoga, look up some yoga poses (asanas) on the 3. landslide election victory
internet, for example here: www.yogajournal.com/ 4. timed to coincide with
category/poses/. 5. out-of-shape
6. hale and hearty (old fashioned)
2 Key words
5 Vocabulary – word families
1. scores
2. credentials
3. ascetic noun verb adjective adverb
4. practitioner harmony harmonious harmoniously

harmonize
5. holistic disharmony disharmonious disharmoniously
6. discipline meditation
meditate meditative meditatively
7. hardline meditator
8. subtle enthusiasm enthusiastic enthusiastically
enthuse
9. coercion enthusiast unenthusiastic unenthusiastically
10. teeming controversial controversially
controversy –
11. devoid of uncontroversial uncontroversially
12. trappings
1. the grass near the India Gate monument in Delhi,

the capital of India
2. His name is Narendra Modi. He is 64 years old. He
is the leader of the BJP (Bharatiya Janata Party).
He is a vegetarian, an ascetic and an enthusiastic
yoga practitioner.
3. India’s police officers
4. school children; civil servants and their families; Air
India also plans to introduce yoga for trainee pilots.
5. He says it is not about exercise but discovering the
sense of oneness with yourself, the world
and nature.
6. It is associated with religious traditions, including
Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism.
7. It is not always linked to religion.
8. for between 3,000 and 6,000 years
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Colouring books for adults top Amazon bestseller list
Level 3 l Advanced
1 Warmer
Finish the sentence in three different ways.
Colouring books are …
1. …
2. …
3. …
2 Key words
a. Find the key words in the article and write them next to the definitions below. The paragraph numbers
are given to help you.
b. Check and practise the pronunciation of each key word.
1. laughed at ________________________ (para 1)

2. extremely impressive or surprising ________________________ (para 3)
3. getting something as a result of something that you do ________________________ (para 4)
4. large numbers ________________________ (para 4)
5. believes that something is the result of a particular situation, event or person’s actions
________________________ (two words, para 5)
6. increased or developed very quickly ________________________ (para 5)
7. a particular way of thinking about something ________________________ (para 5)
8. the opposite of digital ________________________ (para 7)
9. disconnect; do something that does not involve technology ________________________ (para 7)
10. making you worried because you think that it will be very difficult to do ________________________ (para 7)
11. thoughts about happy times in your past, often mixed with the wish to be back in the past
________________________ (para 7)
12. very detailed in design or structure ________________________ (para 7)
13. asked for a piece of work to be done in exchange for payment ________________________ (two words,
para 8)
14. develop successfully ________________________ (para 8)
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Colouring books for adults top to the way the category has been reimagined
Amazon bestseller list as a means of relaxation. “The first one we did
was in 2012, Creative Colouring for Grown-
Surge in popularity of genre attributed to
Ups. It sold strongly and reprinted but it was
‘anti-stress’ benefits and nostalgia
in 2014 that it all really mushroomed with Art
Alison Flood Therapy. It really took off for us – selling the
5 April, 2015 anti-stress angle gave people permission to
1 The bestselling title on Amazon in the US is not enjoy something they might have felt was quite
Harper Lee’s hugely anticipated second novel, childish,” she said.
Go Set a Watchman, nor George RR Martin’s 6 The Mindfulness Colouring Book pushes
Song of Ice and Fire fantasy series, nor even this perspective particularly strongly, with its
Zoella’s much-mocked but much-bought young publisher telling readers that it is “filled with
adult hit, Girl Online. Instead, Scottish illustrator templates for exquisite scenes and intricate,
Johanna Basford is topping the charts with her sophisticated patterns, prompting you to
colouring books for adults, taking top spots on meditate on your artwork as you mindfully and
Amazon.com’s bestseller lists. creatively fill these pages with colour”, and
2 Basford’s intricately drawn pictures of flora urging potential colourers to “take a few minutes
and fauna in Secret Garden have sold 1.4 out of your day, wherever you are, and colour
million copies worldwide to date, with the your way to peace and calm”.
newly released follow-up Enchanted Forest 7 “I think it is really relaxing to do something
selling just under 226,000 copies already. They analogue, to unplug,” said Basford. “And it’s
have drawn fans from Zooey Deschanel, who creative. For many people, a blank sheet is very
shared a link about the book with her Facebook daunting; with a colouring book, you just need to
followers, to the South Korean pop star Kim Ki- bring the colour. Also, there’s a bit of nostalgia
Bum, who posted an image on Instagram for his there. So many people have said to me that
1.6 million followers. they used to do secret colouring in when their
3 “It’s been crazy. The last few weeks since kids were in bed. Now, it is socially acceptable;
Enchanted Forest came out have been utter it’s a category of its own. These are books for
madness, but fantastic madness,” said Eleanor adults. The art in my books is super intricate.”
Blatherwick, head of sales and marketing at the 8 The illustrator, who lives in Aberdeenshire,
books’ publisher, small British press Laurence has been astonished at the reaction since she
King. “We knew the books would be beautiful released Secret Garden in 2013. “I had a kids’
but we didn’t realize it would be such a book commissioned and I told them I would like
phenomenal success.” to do one for grown-ups. It really wasn’t a trend
4 And it is not just Basford who is reaping the then. I drew up the first story and they thought,
benefits of the hordes of adults who, it turns ‘Let’s go for it’. I was thinking simply that people
out, just wanted something to colour in. In the like me would like to do it. My intention was
UK, Richard Merritt’s Art Therapy Colouring just to make a book I would like to have. So it’s
Book sits in fourth spot on Amazon’s bestseller been a real surprise to see the category bloom.”
lists, Millie Marotta’s Animal Kingdom – detailed 9 She is currently working on a third book and
pictures of animals to colour – sits in seventh Michael O’Mara, which already has 17 adult
and a mindfulness colouring book sits in ninth.
colouring books in circulation, will increase this
Basford’s titles are in second and eighth place
to 22 by May, with forthcoming titles including
– that’s half of Amazon.co.uk’s top ten taken up
The Classic Comic Colouring Book and The
by colouring books for adults.
Typography Colouring Book. “It’s just an
5 At independent UK publisher Michael O’Mara, enormous trend and shows no signs of slowing
which has sold almost 340,000 adult colouring down,” said McLaughlin, adding that those who
books to date, Head of Publicity, Marketing and buy the titles are keen to display their ability to
Online, Ana McLaughlin, attributes the craze stay within the lines to the world at large.
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10 “The pictures are all over Twitter and Instagram. reckon people are taking their kids’ pictures off
People are really proud of them – they are so the fridge and replacing them with their own.”
intricate,” she said. “You don’t have to have any
artistic talent but what you create is unique.
First published in The Guardian, 05/04/15
People send us pictures of them, framed and
laminated. The appetite is simply enormous. I
What can you remember?
1. What’s the name, nationality and profession of the woman responsible for the Secret Garden colouring book?
2. Who did she imagine would buy the books?
3. Which celebrities have been using which social-media platforms to talk about the colouring book?
4. In what new way have colouring books been marketed?
5. What does the mindfulness colouring book claim to bring adult colourers?
6. Why is a colouring book better than a smartphone? In what way is it better than a blank sheet of paper?
7. What are some people doing with their finished pictures?
4 Adjectives
a. What do the adjectives collocate with in the article? Complete the second column of the table.
b. Do you consider any of the adjective–noun combinations to be unusual?
c. Complete the table with three further examples of nouns that collocate with each of the adjectives.
describing (in
adjective further example 1 further example 2 further example 3
the article)
secret
enchanted
blank
exquisite
sophisticated
fantastic
phenomenal
artistic
enormous
detailed
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5 Expressions
Complete the expressions from the article with the missing vowels. Then, use the expressions in
sentences of your own.
1. m__ch-m__ck__d – laughed at a lot; ridiculed heavily (para 1)

2. t__ d__te – so far (paras 2 and 5)
3. i__ t__rns __ __t – used for saying what the situation really is when something different might have
happened (para 4)
4. __t t__ __k __ff – it became popular and successful (para 5)
5. s__p__r __ntr__c__te – incredibly detailed in design (para 7)
6. g__ f__r __t – decide to do something you have been thinking about doing (para 8)
6 Quotes
Discuss the quotes below.
• What do they mean?

• Do you agree with them?
• Which do you think are tongue-in-cheek? I reckon people
are taking their kids’ pictures off
the fridge and replacing them with
So many people
their own.
have said to me that they used to
Ana McLaughlin
do secret colouring in when their
kids were in bed.
Johanna Basford
Those who buy the titles
are keen to display their ability to
I think it is really stay within the lines to the
relaxing to do something world at large.
analogue, to unplug.
Ana McLaughlin
Johanna Basford
7 Discussion
• Have you ever bought a colouring book? If so, who did you buy it for?
• Would colouring in be something that you could imagine doing to relax? Why? Why not?
• Do you think that this is just a craze or are colouring books for adults here to stay?
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KEY
1 Warmer 4 Adjectives
Teacher’s note: Getting the students to do this task in a.

pairs will make it more communicative. They can then describing (in
compare their sentences in class. adjective
the article)
secret garden; colouring
2 Key words enchanted forest
a. and b. blank sheet (of paper)

1. mocked /mɒkt/ exquisite scenes
2. phenomenal /fəˈnɒmɪn(ə)l/
sophisticated patterns
3. reaping /ˈriːpɪŋ/
4. hordes /hɔːdz/ fantastic madness
5. attributes to /əˈtrɪbjuːts /tuː/ phenomenal success
6. mushroomed /ˈmʌʃruːmd/
7. angle /ˈæŋɡ(ə)l/ artistic talent
8. analogue /ˈænəˌlɒɡ/ enormous trend; appetite
9. unplug /ʌnˈplʌɡ/
detailed pictures
10. daunting /ˈdɔːntɪŋ/
11. nostalgia /nɒˈstældʒə/ b. Fantastic madness and enormous trend
12. intricate /ˈɪntrɪkət/ are unusual.
13. had commissioned /hæd kəˈmɪʃ(ə)nd/
14. bloom /bluːm/
5 Expressions
3 Comprehension check 1. much-mocked
2. to date
1. Johanna Basford; Scottish; illustrator 3. it turns out
2. just people like her 4. it took off
3. American actress Zooey Deschanel via Facebook 5. super intricate
and South Korean pop star Kim Ki-Bum 6. go for it
via Instagram
4. as a means of relaxation and a form of
anti-stress therapy
5. peace and calm
6. It allows people to unplug, to do something
analogue but, at the same time, is not as daunting
as a blank sheet of paper.
7. posting them on Instagram and Twitter and,
probably, placing them on their fridge doors
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Making a killing: why James Bond is forever
Level 3 l Advanced
1 Warmer
1. How many James Bond films can you name?
2. Which is your favourite Bond film?
3. Which is your least favourite Bond film?
4. Who was the best James Bond actor? Sean Connery, George Lazenby, Roger Moore, Timothy Dalton,
Pierce Brosnan or Daniel Craig?
2 Key words
Fill the gaps in the sentences using these key words from the text.
nostalgic retro high-calibre complacent slick

spin-off quirk reinvigorate orchestrate stunt
1. ____________________ things are deliberately intended to be like clothes, music, films etc from the
recent past.
2. If you feel ____________________, you remember happy times in the past.
3. A ____________________ actor is one with a very high level of ability.
4. A ____________________ person or organization is too confident and relaxed because they think they can
deal with something easily, even though this may not be true.
5. A ____________________ production is one that is done in a very impressive way that seems to need very
little effort.
6. A ____________________ is something strange that happens for reasons that you do not know or
understand.
7. If you ____________________ something, you plan and organize it so that it achieves the result you want.
8. A ____________________ is something dangerous, such as jumping from a building, that is done to entertain
people, often as part of a film.
9. If you ____________________ something, you make it stronger and more effective again.
10. A ____________________ is a new product, service, television programme, game etc that is based on
another one that already exists.
3 What do you know?

Complete the statements by choosing one of the two answers. Then, check your answers in the text.
1. The first Bond film was Dr No / Thunderball.
2. Roger Moore / Sean Connery was the first actor to play James Bond.
3. The most recent Bond film was Skyfall / Quantum of Solace.
4. James Bond films have earned $6 million / $6 billion at the box office.
5. The original James Bond stories were written by Ian Fleming / Kevin McClory.
6. The new Bond film, Spectre, will be the twenty-fourth / thirty-fourth.
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Level 3 l Advanced
Making a killing: why James Bond says: “Mendes managed to engage with both the
is forever modern and the traditional Bond audience, and he
also pulled in high-calibre actors like Ralph Fiennes.
High on adventure and glamour, the films have
To get actors like Fiennes in, they have to be happy
always been a byword for product placement and
with the director.”
brand promotion
Andrew Pulver 6 Among other achievements, Skyfall virtually
doubled the box office of its predecessor, Quantum of
5 December, 2014
Solace, which managed a worldwide figure of $586m
1 He is the star of one of the world’s longest running on its release in 2008. No one is expecting anything
and most successful film series, with 23 movies and like that this time, but Eon will not be complacent.
more than $6bn amassed at the global box office, 7 Though the Bond series was not in trouble before
but James Bond shows no signs of slowing down. Mendes’s arrival – and Craig’s – there was the
In fact, the Bond brand is stronger than ever, after sense of a certain amount of staleness towards
the record-breaking performance of Skyfall, which the end of Pierce Brosnan’s run. The series had
became the biggest ever film at the UK box office survived the drying up of actual Bond stories to
on its release in 2012 and, with its total earnings of adapt, the movies having long since departed from
$1.1bn, currently stands in ninth place of all-time any resemblance to the Ian Fleming originals, but it
largest earners. was lacking a certain dynamism.
2 Hence the intense interest that surrounded the 8 This cycle, however, was nothing new: the history
announcement of a few more details of the 24th of the Bond series has been one of ebb and flow,
Bond film – not the least its official title, Spectre. stasis and renewal, revolving most obviously
The number one question is this: can Spectre around the lead actor: first, Sean Connery; then,
repeat the Skyfall trick? Will Skyfall remain a high successively, George Lazenby, Roger Moore,
water mark for the Bond movie or can Spectre Timothy Dalton, Brosnan and, now, Craig. Each
extend this winning run? appointment has been a response to the state of the
3 Charles Gant, film editor for Heat magazine, says series and some have worked out better than others.
the indications are it is heading in the right direction. 9 Lazenby only lasted a single film, while Dalton’s
“Skyfall was a brilliant strategic move,” he says. “It two efforts, The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill
was cleverly positioned as simultaneously modern coincided with a period in the late 80s when the
and retro. It appealed to the Daniel-Craig-era fans, 007 movie had been thoroughly eclipsed by more
who are relative newcomers to the franchise, and it aggressive, slickly produced Hollywood action
also managed to engage the older, more nostalgic movies. According to Gant, “the period of Roger
elements of the audience, who may have lost Moore’s last ones, going into Dalton, didn’t really
interest over the previous few films. With the new excite audiences. Brosnan saw a bit of an upturn
title,” he adds, “they are already on to a winner. My commercially, while Craig has taken it to new levels.
feeling is that Spectre announces that they want to On the other hand, the early Bonds were incredibly
hang on to the nostalgic, more age-diverse Bond commercial films, sexy and exciting, and there was
fan, as well as retaining the younger audience.” very little around like them.”
4 The initial signs are that Eon Productions, the 10 It’s a point worth underlining that, although Skyfall’s
company originally founded in 1961 to make Dr No actual receipts dwarf all the other Bond films, the
and that is behind all the “official” Bonds, is doing its performance of some of the 1960s entries in the
utmost to ensure lightning strikes twice by installing series was almost as brilliant by comparison. With
the key creative talent behind Skyfall on Spectre. figures adjusted for inflation, the 1965 release,
Daniel Craig has been tied down at least until Bond Thunderball, is only a hair’s breadth below Skyfall,
25, while the same writers have produced the script. while Goldfinger and You Only Live Twice both
5 But it’s the recapture of director Sam Mendes that outperformed the other Craig films (as did the 70s
gives Bondwatchers the most hope. A director Bonds, The Spy Who Loved Me and Live and Let
principally known for character studies such as Die). By this reckoning, Licence to Kill is the
American Beauty and Revolutionary Road, Mendes worst-performing of all Bonds, with Moore’s final
has taken the Bond series to new heights. Gant effort, A View to a Kill, in second-to-last place.
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Level 3 l Advanced
11 Nevertheless, the Bond brand has remained 13 If the initial surge of enthusiasm for Bond movies
immensely powerful over the decades, with Eon lasted through the 60s and into the 1970s, it’s fair
being forced to fend off attempts by rival outfits to to say that the series almost ground to a halt after
capitalize on the series’s popularity. Through a quirk Licence to Kill’s poor figures. Goldeneye, the first of
of rights ownership, adaptations of Casino Royale Brosnan’s efforts, heralded a dramatic renewal: not
(in 1967) and Thunderball (as Never Say Never simply because of a new actor but, more significantly,
Again, in 1983) were released in competition with because of who was behind the camera.
Eon productions. Although subject to legal disputes 14 However, after a six-year break, Eon installed
over several decades, Eon now has full control of Martin Campbell in the chair: another experienced
both books. British director but one who was able to orchestrate
12 Casino Royale, whose rights had been individually one of the most elaborate stunts in Bond history.
sold off by Fleming in 1955, eventually passed to The justly renowned opening scene of Goldeneye
Eon in 1999 as a result of an agreement between – during which Bond freefalls into the cockpit of a
Eon’s backers, MGM, and rival Hollywood studio pilotless light aeroplane – did much to reinvigorate
Sony – thereby clearing the way for the 2006 and modernize the series on its own. Moreover,
version. Thunderball, on the other hand, owed its a whole new generation was reached through a
disputed status to writer-producer Kevin McClory, hugely successful Goldeneye video-game spin-off,
who helped Fleming outline the original story making a significant contribution to perceptions that
and who claimed ownership of the novel over the Bond film was no longer stale and
subsequent decades, and produced Never Say old-fashioned.
Never Again as a result. After McClory’s death in
2006, his family eventually settled with MGM and
First published in The Guardian, 05/12/14
Eon’s parent company in November 2013.
Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Why is Skyfall described as ‘a brilliant strategic move’?

a. because it employed a talented team of writers
b. because it appealed to both older and younger audiences
c. because it starred Daniel Craig
2 Why has director Sam Mendes ‘taken Bond to new heights’?

a. because he is well known for his character studies
b. because the Bond series was in trouble before his arrival
c. because he managed to engage with both the modern and traditional Bond audience and also attracted high-
quality actors
3. After adjustments for inflation, which Bond film is second to Skyfall in terms of actual box-office receipts?
a. Thunderball
b. Licence to Kill
c. Goldfinger
4. What feature of the Goldeneye film did much to reinvigorate and modernize the Bond series?
a. the first appearance by Pierce Brosnan as James Bond
b. the opening stunt in which Bond freefalls into a pilotless plane’s cockpit
c. the video game spin-off
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Level 3 l Advanced
5 Find the word
Find the following words and phrases in the text. The paragraph numbers are given to help you.
1. a three-word noun phrase meaning the highest level that something reaches, before coming down again (para 2)
2. a three-word verb phrase meaning try as hard as you can (para 4)
3. a three-word noun phrase meaning a situation that keeps changing between two states (para 8)
4. a verb meaning make something seem less successful or important by becoming more successful or important than
it is (para 9)
5. a two-word noun phrase meaning the smallest possible distance, amount or degree (para 10)
6. a noun meaning a calculation or measurement (para 10)
7. a noun meaning a sudden increase (para 13)
8. a four-word verb phrase meaning move more and more slowly before finally stopping (para 13)
6 Phrasal verbs
Match the phrasal verbs from the text with their meanings.
1. tie down a. to keep something
2. dry up b. to sell something quickly and for a low price
3. fend off c. to stop being available
4. hang on to d. to make someone commit to a project by making
them sign a contract
5. sell off e. to attract
6. pull in f. to defend yourself against an attack
7 Word-building
Fill the gaps in the sentences using the correct form of the word in brackets at the end of each sentence.
1. Intense interest surrounded the _______________________ of the new Bond film. [ANNOUNCE]
2. There was a certain amount of _______________________ towards the end of Pierce Brosnan’s run as James
Bond. [STALE]
3. The films had long since departed from any _______________________ to the original Ian Fleming stories.
[RESEMBLE]
4. Rival companies have attempted to capitalize on the _______________________ of the series. [POPULAR]
5. Kevin McClory claimed _______________________ of Thunderball for many years. [OWN]
6. Goldeneye saw a dramatic _______________________ in enthusiasm for the Bond films. [RENEW]
8 Discussion
• Are you a fan of the James Bond films? Why? Why not?
• What is your favourite film of all time? What makes the film so good in your opinion?
• Discuss this comment: ‘The cinema is dead. No one goes to the cinema these days.’
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KEY
2 Key words 6 Phrasal verbs
1. retro 1. d
2. nostalgic 2. c
3. high-calibre 3. f
4. complacent 4. a
5. slick 5. b
6. quirk 6. e
7. orchestrate
8. stunt
9. reinvigorate 7 Word-building
10. spin-off
1. announcement
2. staleness
3 What do you know? 3. resemblance
4. popularity
1. Dr No 5. ownership
2. Sean Connery 6. renewal
3. Skyfall
4. $6 billion
5. Ian Fleming
6. twenty-fourth
1. b
2. c
3. a
4. b
5 Find the word
1. high water mark

2. do your utmost
3. ebb and flow
4. eclipse
5. hair’s breadth
6. reckoning
7. surge
8. grind to a halt
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Participle Adjectives Short List
-ing adjectives -ed adjectives

alarming alarmed
What an alarming noise! I was alarmed by the loud bang.
amusing amused
That TV programme is really amusing. He was amused to hear his little son singing
in the bath.
boring bored
I’ve never seen such a boring film! The students looked bored as the teacher
talked and talked.
confusing confused
I find these instructions very confusing! I was confused, because I asked two people
Could you come and help me? and they told me two different things.
depressing depressed
This weather is depressing! Is it ever going I was feeling depressed, so I stayed at home
to stop raining? with hot chocolate and a good book.
embarrassing embarrassed
That is the most embarrassing photo! I John was really embarrassed when he fell
look terrible! over in front of his new girlfriend.
exciting excited
It’s a really exciting book. I couldn’t wait I’m so excited! I’m going on holiday
to find out what happened at the end. tomorrow!
exhausting exhausted
I hate doing housework! It’s exhausting! Julie was so exhausted after her exams, she
spent the next three days sleeping.
fascinating fascinated
The brain is fascinating, isn’t it? It’s Joan was fascinated by hr grandmother’s
amazing how much it can do. stories of life in the 1920s.
frightening frightened
What a frightening film! I don’t want to I was really frightened of bees when I was
walk home on my own now! little, but I don’t mind them now.
frustrating frustrated
It’s frustrating when you want to say I tried all morning to send an email, but it
something in another language, but you wouldn’t work. I was so frustrated!
don’t know the word.
interesting interested
That was a very interesting book. She’s interested in animals, so she’s
thinking of studying to be a vet.
overwhelming overwhelmed
I find London a bit overwhelming. It’s so Julie felt overwhelmed. She’d moved house,
busy and noisy. got a new job and was learning to drive, all
at the same time.
relaxing relaxed
A nice hot bath is so relaxing after a long She was so relaxed, sitting in front of the
day. fire, that she didn’t want to move.
satisfying satisfied
John loves his new job as a teacher. He I’m very satisfied that I managed to order
says it’s very satisfying when he makes a the meal in French.
student understand.
shocking shocked
What a shocking crime! It’s terrible. I was shocked when my co-worked admitted
stealing some money.
surprising surprised
It’s surprising how many people don’t want to She was surprised when she arrived at her
travel to another country. class and found the other students doing an
exam. She’d thought it was a normal lesson.
terrifying terrified
What a terrifying dog! It’s huge! My little son is terrified of the dark. We
always leave a light on in his room at night.
thrilling thrilled
What thrilling music! It’s some of the I was thrilled to win first prize in the
most beautiful I’ve ever heard. competition.
tiring tired
My job is really tiring. I often don’t get David’s too tired to come to the cinema
home until 10pm. tonight. He’s going to go to bed early.
PHRASAL VERBS PH 2
Fill in the correct form of one of the phrasal verbs from the box.
fall for break out
1. He ____________________ Nancy and asker her if she would go to figurecatch
out up with
the dance with him.
give in cut off
2. The building was very old so they had to ___________ it __________.
3. The police have been looking for him every since he go alongdrop
with off
____________________ of the prison.
look for fill in
4. We left an hour earlier but we drove so fast that we were able to
____________________ with him. pull through
give up
5. I’ve been trying to ____________________ smoking but I simply can’t
put on
go ahead with
do it.
6. Timmy never ____________________ anything. He just leaves it on run into grow up
the floor.
show uphand out
7. Maria ____________________ the job application and gave it to the
secretary. take off hang up
8. The president has decided to ____________________ his peace plan.
talk downring
to up
9. You are acting like a child. When will you ____________________?
10. The teacher ____________________ the test books to the class. tear down
11. I wouldn’t be surprised if the company ____________________ my
electricity. I haven’t paid the bills for three months.
12. Can you _____________ me ________________at the train station on
your way back?
1. Jim _______________his girl friend _____________to dinner back off

yesterday. call off
2. I ____________________ at 3 in the morning and couldn’t get back to
sleep again. come across
3. The marriage didn’t ____________________ so they were divorced dress up
after two years.
4. Tom ____________________ when he saw that the man had a gun. hand in
5. By 1910 millions of immigrants had ____________________ the let off
ocean to the New World.
6. The teacher had some posters ____________________ in her new put away
classroom. put up
7. The game has been ____________________ because of rain.
8. The President asked the members of the Cabinet to take out
____________________ their letters of resignation. use up
9. The bus driver ____________ her _________________at the corner.
10. At Jane’s costume party everyone has to ____________________ as a wake up
clown. work out
11. I told you to ____________________ your toys before you go out.
12. I ____________________ all the sugar so I guess we have to buy some
more.
PHRASAL VERBS PH 2
1. He rang up Nancy and asker her if she would go to the dance with him.
2. The building was very old so they had to tear it down.
3. The police have been looking for him every since he broke out of the prison.
4. We left an hour earlier but we drove so fast that we were able to catch up with him.
5. I’ve been trying to give up smoking but I simply can’t do it.
6. Timmy never hangs up anything. He just leaves it on the floor.
7. Maria filled in the job application and gave it to the secretary.
8. The president has decided to go ahead with his peace plan.
9. You are acting like a child. When will you grow up?
10. The teacher handed out the test books to the class.
11. I wouldn’t be surprised if the company cut off my electricity. I haven’t paid the bills for three
months.
12. Can you drop me off at the train station on your way back?
1. Jim took his girl friend out to dinner yesterday.

2. I woke up at 3 in the morning and couldn’t get back to sleep again.
3. The marriage didn’t work out so they were divorced after two years.
4. Tom backed off when he saw that the man had a gun.
5. By 1910 millions of immigrants had come across the ocean to the New World.
6. The teacher had some posters put up in her new classroom.
7. The game has been called off because of rain.
8. The President asked the members of the Cabinet to hand in their letters of resignation.
9. The bus driver let her off at the corner.
10. At Jane’s costume party everyone has to dress up as a clown.
11. I told you to put away your toys before you go out.
12. I used up all the sugar so I guess we have to buy some more.
PHRASAL VERBS PH 3
fall for believe in
1. Betty ____________________ the door and sat down at our table. figure out
carry on
2. If you are going to a fancy restaurant you’d better _________yourself
give in come over
____________.
3. She needs to find a blouse that ____________________ her new skirt. go along
comewith
through
4. Tomorrow we are going to leave Madrid and ____________________
look for count on
Paris.
5. I ____________________ working hard and making money. pull through
fall apart
6. It was difficult for the woman to ____________________ after her
put on fix up
husband had died.
7. The governor said she’s ____________________ our support. run into
get through
8. Nancy tried calling him last night but she didn’t __________________.
show upgo about
9. Mary ____________________ to the house every night.
10. These old shoes are starting to ____________________ completely. take off go with
11. I had no idea how to ____________________ starting a restaurant, so
grow
talk down to out
I read a book about it.
12. I bought Suzy some new shoes a few months ago but she’s already head for
____________________ of them.
1. The bus stopped and I ____________________. bring back

2. Sally borrowed my blue sweater and I ____________________ it end up
____________________ today.
3. I found some money in the street and I ____________________ over get off
to the police. go around
4. The soup is cold. You can _________________it ____________ in the
microwave. go off
5. The taxi driver didn’t understand me so we ____________________ in hand over
High Street instead of Main Street.
6. The children have to stay on the merry-go-round until it stops hang around
____________________. look over
7. The terrorists were killed when the bomb ____________________ by
accident. start out
8. He has been ____________________ the house all day and he doesn’t stay up
know what to do.
9. The stock market ____________________ very well but closed badly. take out on
10. Don’t ____________________ too late. Tomorrow’s a school day. warm up
11. He should ____________________ the car ____________________
carefully before he buys it.
12. If you’re mad at your boss you shouldn’t _______________ it
____________________ your wife or husband.
PHRASAL VERBS PH 3
1. Betty came through the door and sat down at our table.
2. If you are going to a fancy restaurant you’d better fix yourself up
3. She needs to find a blouse that goes with her new skirt.
4. Tomorrow we are going to leave Madrid and head for Paris.
5. I believe in working hard and making money.
6. It was difficult for the woman to carry on after her husband had died.
7. The governor said she’s counting on our support.
8. Nancy tried calling him last night but she didn’t get through.
9. Mary comes over to the house every night.
10. These old shoes are starting to fall apart completely.
11. I had no idea how to go about starting a restaurant, so I read a book about it.
12. I bought Suzy some new shoes a few months ago but she’s already grown out of them.
1. The bus stopped and I got off.

2. Sally borrowed my blue sweater and I brought it back today.
3. I found some money in the street and I handed it over to the police.
4. The soup is cold. You can warm it up in the microwave.
5. The taxi driver didn’t understand me so we ended up in High Street instead of Main Street.
6. The children have to stay on the merry-go-round until it stops going around.
7. The terrorists were killed when the bomb went off by accident.
8. He has been hanging around the house all day and he doesn’t know what to do.
9. The stock market started out very well but closed badly.
10. Don’t stay up too late. Tomorrow’s a school day.
11. He should look the car over carefully before he buys it.
12. If you’re mad at your boss you shouldn’t take it out on your wife or husband.
PH004 PHRASAL VERBS
Match the phrasal verbs with their correct definitions!
A break in invent
B look up take care of
C look after start a journey
D turn over meet someone by chance
E call off stop doing something
F look up to chase or follow
G make out reserve something so that it can be used later
H give up continue, carry on
I set off to enter a place to steal something
J fall behind make a suggestion or proposal
K get along to look like someone or do the same things as they do
L bring up discuss in detail
M run into respect
N put forward recognise
O take after try to find information in a book
P run after cancel
Q go through to have a good relationship with someone
R keep up give someone the right to have something
S make up to be slower than …
T set aside mention something
www.english-grammar.at
KEY
A break in S invent
B look up C take care of
C look after I start a journey
D turn over M meet someone by chance
E call off H stop doing something
F look up to P chase or follow
G make out T reserve something so that it can be used later
H give up R continue, carry on
I set off A to enter a place to steal something
J fall behind N make a suggestion or proposal
K get along O to look like someone or do the same things as they do
L bring up Q discuss in detail
M run into F respect
N put forward G recognise
O take after B try to find information in a book
P run after E cancel
Q go through K to have a good relationship with someone
R keep up D give someone the right to have something
S make up J to be slower than …
T set aside L mention something
PHRASAL VERBS PV005
Fill in the correct form of one of the phrasal verbs from the box!
get along give away step down

make up ring back find out
cut off carry out take over
fall over give up hold up
go off make out sort out
1. I have all the information that you need but I’m busy. Can I ___________ you __________
in half an hour?
2. The Prime Minister has decided to ______________________ after 10 years in office.
3. We heard the bomb ______________________ from the hotel where we checked in.
4. Large companies sometimes ______________________ smaller ones.
5. My brother and I ______________________ very well most of the time, but occasionally
we do have a fight.
6. I ______________________ playing football a long time ago because of a knee injury.
7. Don’t worry, we’ll try to ______________________ the problems and find a solution for
everyone.
8. That story cannot be true. You have surely ______________ it ______________ .
9. After browsing the internet for some time, we finally ______________________ where he
lived.
10. I had no use for the books so I _____________ them ______________ to the library.
11. I can’t ______________________ if it’s a woman or a man, because the person is too far
away.
12. The pavement is very icy so be careful you don’t ______________________ .
13. There have been a number of robberies, but up to now the police don’t know who
___________ them ______________.
14. The traffic on the motorway was ___________________ by construction work.
15. The energy company __________________ our electricity because we didn’t’ pay.
PHRASAL VERBS PV005
Key
Fill in the correct form of one of the phrasal verbs from the box!
get along give away step down

make up ring back find out
cut off carry out take over
fall over give up hold up
go off make out sort out
1. I have all the information that you need but I’m busy. Can I ring you back in half an hour?
2. The Prime Minister has decided to step down after 10 years in office.
3. We heard the bomb go off from the hotel where we checked in.
4. Large companies sometimes take over smaller ones.
5. My brother and I get along very well most of the time, but occasionally we do have a fight.
6. I gave up playing football a long time ago because of a knee injury.
7. Don’t worry, we’ll try to sort out the problems and find a solution for everyone.
8. That story cannot be true. You have surely made it up.
9. After browsing the internet for some time, we finally found out where he lived.
10. I had no use for the books so I gave them away to the library.
11. I can’t make out if it’s a woman or a man, because the person is too far away.
12. The pavement is very icy so be careful you don’t fall over.
13. There have been a number of robberies, but up to now the police don’t know who carried
them out.
14. The traffic on the motorway was held up by construction work.
15. The energy company cut off our electricity because we didn’t’ pay.
Time Prepositions One
Put in the correct preposition (at, in, on, or no preposition):
1. Lucy is arriving ____ February the 13th ____ 8 o'clock ____ the morning.
2. The weather is often terrible in London _____ January.
3. It’s better to get a taxi if you are out alone _____ night.
4. She got married _____ September.
5. They usually go to the south of France _____ the summer.
6. Columbus sailed to the Americas _____ the 16th century.
7. The Beatles were popular _____ the 1960s.
8. I graduated from university _____ 2001.
9. His birthday is _____ June.
10. I usually go to my parents’ house _____ Christmas. We eat turkey together _____
Christmas Day.
11. The train leaves _____ tomorrow morning ______ 8:00 AM.
12. I love going skiing ______ January.
13. We met at the restaurant ______ 8 pm.
14. The class is ____ 9am ______ Monday mornings.
15. I like to drink coffee ______ the morning and tea ______ the afternoon.
16. We went out for dinner _____ last Wednesday.
17. She left London _____ the 4th of March.
18. I had a party _____ my birthday.
19. Lucy went to New York ______ New Year.
20. We’re meeting _____ lunchtime _____ next Tuesday.
Answers: ( _ means you don’t need a preposition)
1. Lucy is arriving on February the 13th at 8 o'clock in the morning.
2. The weather is often terrible in London in January.
3. It’s better to get a taxi if you are out alone at night.
4. She got married in September.
5. They usually go to the south of France in the summer.
6. Columbus sailed to the Americas in the 16th century.
7. The Beatles were popular in the 1960s.
8. I graduated from university in 2001.
9. His birthday is in June.
10. I usually go to my parents’ house at Christmas. We eat turkey together on
Christmas Day.
11. The train leaves tomorrow morning at 8:00 AM.
12. I love going skiing in January.
13. We met at the restaurant at 8 pm.
14. The class is at 9am on Monday mornings.
15. I like to drink coffee in the morning and tea in the afternoon.
16. We went out for dinner _ last Wednesday.
17. She left London on the 4th of March.
18. I had a party on my birthday.
19. Lucy went to New York at New Year.
20. We’re meeting at lunchtime _ next Tuesday.
Present simple positive with ‘be’ – Mixed exercise 1
Make sentences with ‘be’ using the short forms (choose positive, negative or
question):
1. (he / be / French)
_____He’s French__________________________________________________
2. (we / not / be / cold)
_____We aren’t cold_______________________________________________
3. (he / be / a footballer?)
_____Is he a footballer?___________________________________________
4. (where / be / John?)
_____Where’s John?_______________________________________________
5. (we / be / German)
__________________________________________________________________
6. (he / not / be / a journalist)
__________________________________________________________________
7. (we / not / be / singers)
__________________________________________________________________
8. (you / be / a nurse?)
__________________________________________________________________
9. (they / be / from Libya)
__________________________________________________________________
10. (where / be / David?)
__________________________________________________________________
11. (how / be / your mother?)
__________________________________________________________________
12. (we / be / thirsty)
__________________________________________________________________
13. (how long / be / the film?)
__________________________________________________________________
14. (how often / be / you in London?)
__________________________________________________________________
15. (he / be / handsome)
__________________________________________________________________
16. (I / not / be / English)
__________________________________________________________________
17. (you / not / be / a doctor)
__________________________________________________________________
18. (she / not / be / Italian)
__________________________________________________________________
19. (he / be / my brother)
__________________________________________________________________
20. (you / not / be / Egyptian)
__________________________________________________________________
Answers:
1. He’s French.
2. We aren’t cold.
3. Is he a footballer?
4. Where’s John?
5. We’re German.
6. He isn’t a journalist.
7. We aren’t singers.
8. Are you a nurse?
9. They’re from Libya.
10. Where’s David?
11. How’s your mother?
12. We’re thirsty.
13. How long’s the film?
14. How often are you in London?
15. He’s handsome.
16. I’m not English.
17. You aren’t a doctor.
18. She isn’t Italian.
19. He’s my brother.
20. You aren’t Egyptian.
Stative Verbs List
Some verbs are only (or mostly) used in simple tenses, and are not used in continuous
tenses. An example of a simple tense is the present simple, or the past simple. An
example of a continuous tense is the present continuous or past continuous. These
verbs are called stative, or state verbs. A verb which isn’t stative is called a dynamic
verb, and is usually an action. Often stative verbs are about liking or disliking
something, or about a mental state, not about an action.
Verb Correct ot Correct

agree She didn’t agree with us. She wasn’t agreeing with us.
appear It appears to be raining. It is appearing to be raining.
believe I don’t believe the news. I am not believing the news.
belong This book belonged to my This book was belonging to my
grandfather. grandfather.
concern This concerns you. This is concerning you.
consist Bread consists of flour, water Bread is consisting of flour, water
and yeast. and yeast.
contain This box contains a cake. This box is containing a cake.
depend It depends on the weather. It’s depending on the weather.
deserve He deserves to pass the exam. He is deserving to pass the exam.
disagree I disagree with you. I am disagreeing with you.
dislike I have disliked mushrooms for I have been disliking mushrooms
years. for years.
doubt I doubt what you are saying. I am doubting what you are
saying.
feel (=have I don’t feel that this is a good I am not feeling that this is a good
an opinion) idea. idea.
fit This shirt fits me well. This shirt is fitting me well.
hate Julie’s always hated dogs. Julie’s always been hating dogs.
hear Do you hear music? Are you hearing music?
imagine I imagine you must be tired. I am imagining you must be tired.
impress He impressed me with his story. He was impressing me with his
story.
include This cookbook includes a recipe This cookbook is including a
for bread. recipe for bread.
involve The job involves a lot of The job is involving a lot of
travelling. travelling.
know I’ve known Julie for ten years. I’ve been knowing Julie for ten
years.
like I like reading detective stories. I am liking reading detective
stories.
love I love chocolate. I’m loving chocolate.*
matter It doesn’t matter. It isn’t mattering.
mean ‘Enormous’ means ‘very big’. ‘Enormous’ is meaning ‘very big’.
measure (=be This window measures 150cm. This window is measuring
long) 150cm.
mind She doesn’t mind the noise. She isn’t minding the noise.
need At three o’clock yesterday I At three o’clock yesterday I was
needed a taxi. needing a taxi.
owe I owe you £20. I am owing you £20.
own She owns two cars. She is owning two cars.
prefer I prefer chocolate ice cream. I am preferring chocolate ice
cream.
promise I promise to help you tomorrow. I am promising to help you
tomorrow.
realise I didn’t realise the problem. I wasn’t realising the problem.
recognise I didn’t recognise my old friend. I wasn’t recognising my old
friend.
remember He didn’t remember my name. He wasn’t remembering my name.
seem The weather seems to be The weather is seeming to be
improving. improving.
sound Your idea sounds great. Your idea is sounding great.
suppose I suppose John will be late. I’m supposing John will be late.
surprise The noise surprised me. The noise was surprising me.
understand I don’t understand this question. I’m not understanding this
question.
want I want to go to the cinema I am wanting to go to the cinema
tonight. tonight.
weigh (=have This cake weighs 450g. This cake is weighing 450g.
weight)
wish I wish I had studied more. I am wishing I had studied more.
Some verbs can be both stative and dynamic:

be be is usually a stative verb, but when it is used in the continuous it
means ‘behaving’ or ‘acting’
you are stupid = it’s part of your personality
you are being stupid = only now, not usually
have have (stative) = own
I have a car
have (dynamic) = part of an expression
I’m having a party / a picnic / a bath / a good time / a break
see see (stative) = see with your eyes / understand
I see what you mean
I see her now, she’s just coming along the road
see (dynamic) = meet / have a relationship with
I’ve been seeing my boyfriend for three years
I’m seeing Robert tomorrow
taste (also: taste (stative) = has a certain taste
smell, feel, This soup tastes great
look) taste (dynamic) = the action of tasting
The chef is tasting the soup
think think (stative) = have an opinion
I think that coffee is great
think (dynamic) = consider, have in my head
what are you thinking about? I’m thinking about my next holiday
Verbs Followed by Gerunds OR Infinitives (Different Meaning)
begin She began singing. She is beginning to sing.

She began to sing. WHEN "BEGIN" IS USED IN CONTINUOUS TENSES,
WHEN "BEGIN" IS USED IN NONCONTINUOUS AN INFINITIVE IS USED.
TENSES, YOU CAN EITHER USE A GERUND OR AN
INFINITIVE.
dread She dreaded taking the test. He dreaded to think of the consequences

USUALLY "DREAD" IS FOLLOWED BY A GERUND. of his actions.
"DREAD" IS SOMETIMES USED WITH INFINITIVES
SUCH AS "THINK" OR "CONSIDER." IN THE
SENTENCE ABOVE, "DREADED TO THINK" MEANS
"DID NOT WANT TO THINK."
forget She forgot reading the book when she She forgot to pay the rent this month.

was a kid. WHEN FORGET IS USED WITH AN INFINITIVE, IT
WHEN "FORGET" IS USED WITH A GERUND, IT MEANS "TO FORGET THAT YOU NEED TO DO
MEANS "TO FORGET THAT YOU HAVE DONE SOMETHING." THE SENTENCE ABOVE MEANS THAT
SOMETHING." THE SENTENCE ABOVE MEANS THAT SHE FORGOT THAT SHE NEEDED TO PAY THE RENT.
SHE READ THE BOOK WHEN SHE WAS A KID, AND
THAT SHE HAS FORGOTTEN THAT FACT.
keep She kept talking. The attackers kept hostages to prevent the

"KEEP" IS NORMALLY USED WITH A GERUND TO police from entering.
MEAN THAT YOU CONTINUE DOING AN ACTION. "KEEP" CAN ALSO BE USED WITH AN OBJECT
FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE, BUT THEN THE
INFINITIVE TAKES ON THE MEANING OF "IN ORDER
TO... ." IN THE SENTENCE ABOVE, THE ATTACKERS
KEPT HOSTAGES IN ORDER TO PREVENT THE POLICE
FROM ENTERING.
need The house needs cleaning. He needs to call his boss.

WHEN "NEED" IS USED WITH A GERUND, IT TAKES He needs him to call his boss.
ON A PASSIVE MEANING. THE SENTENCE ABOVE "NEED" IS USUALLY USED WITH AN INFINITIVE OR
MEANS "THE HOUSE NEEDS TO BE CLEANED." AN OBJECT + AN INFINITIVE.
regret I regretted being late to the interview. We regret to inform you that your position

"REGRET" IS NORMALLY USED WITH A GERUND. at the company is being eliminated.
"REGRET" IS SOMETIMES USED WITH INFINITIVES
SUCH AS "TO INFORM." IN THE SENTENCE ABOVE,
"WE REGRET TO INFORM YOU" MEANS "WE WISH
WE DID NOT HAVE TO TELL YOU (BAD NEWS)."
remember I remember mentioning the meeting He remembered to turn off the lights

yesterday. before he left.
WHEN "REMEMBER" IS USED WITH A GERUND, IT WHEN "REMEMBER" IS USED WITH AN INFINITIVE, IT
MEANS "TO REMEMBER THAT YOU HAVE DONE MEANS "TO REMEMBER THAT YOU NEED TO DO
SOMETHING." THE SENTENCE ABOVE MEANS THAT SOMETHING." THE SENTENCE ABOVE MEANS THAT
I MENTIONED THE MEETING, AND THAT I HE REMEMBERED THAT HE NEEDED TO TURN THE
REMEMBER THE FACT THAT I DID THAT. LIGHTS OFF.
start Marge started talking really fast. Marge is starting to talk really fast.

Marge started to talk really fast. WHEN "START" IS USED IN CONTINUOUS TENSES,
WHEN "START" IS USED IN NONCONTINUOUS AN INFINITIVE IS USED.
TENSES, YOU CAN EITHER USE A GERUND OR AN I started to learn Russian, but it was so
INFINITIVE. much work that I finally quit the class.
IN OTHER SITUATIONS, AN INFINITIVE MEANS THAT
YOU DID NOT COMPLETE OR CONTINUE AN ACTION.
stop He stopped smoking for health reasons. He stopped to rest for a few minutes.

"STOP" IS NORMALLY USED WITH A GERUND. WHEN "STOP" IS USED WITH AN INFINITIVE, THE
INFINITIVE TAKES ON THE MEANING OF "IN ORDER
TO." IN THE SENTENCE ABOVE, HE STOPPED IN
ORDER TO REST FOR A FEW MINUTES.
try She can't find a job. She tried looking in She tried to climb the tree, but she couldn't

the paper, but there was nothing. She even get off the ground.
tried asking friends and family, but WHEN YOU "TRY TO DO" SOMETHING, YOU WANT
nobody knew of anything. She also tried TO DO IT, BUT YOU DO NOT SUCCEED IN ACTUALLY
going shop to shop, but nobody was DOING IT. IN THE SENTENCE ABOVE, AN INFINITIVE
hiring. IS USED BECAUSE SHE CANNOT SUCCESSFULLY
"TRY + GERUND" MEANS TO TRY OR TO CLIMB THE TREE.
EXPERIMENT WITH DIFFERENT METHODS TO SEE IF Try not to wake the baby when you get up
SOMETHING WORKS. tomorrow at 5 AM.
She tried eating the snake soup, but she AN INFINITIVE IS ALSO USED IF YOU ARE ASKING
didn't like it. SOMEONE TO TRY SOMETHING THEY MAY OR MAY
"TRY + GERUND" IS OFTEN USED WHEN YOU NOT BE ABLE TO ACCOMPLISH.
EXPERIMENT WITH SOMETHING, BUT YOU DO NOT
REALLY LIKE IT OR WANT TO DO IT AGAIN.

WORD FORMATION WF 1
Put the correct form of the word in brackets into the blank.
1. In the future the public will have a wider __________________ of television programs. (CHOOSE)
2. Looking after the health of 700 children is heavy ______________________ . (RESPONSIBLE)
3. The town spent more money on __________________ and health than ever before (HOUSE)
4. Do you have any particular __________________ where we sit? (PREFER)
5. There’s a __________________ contrast between what he does and what he says. (STRIKE)
6. The party turned out to be a huge ______________________ (DISAPPOINT)
7. He was fined and __________________ for reckless driving (QUALIFY).
8. Is it possible to remove the smell from the books that have been in _______________ for such a long time? (STORE)
9. Many people are interested in job __________________ more than in earning large amount of money (SATISFY).
10. I hadn’t made a __________________ , so I just got on the first flight available. (RESERVE)
11. The anti-doping association believes that all sports must be free of drug __________________ (USE).
12. The country is facing a population __________________ . (EXPLODE)
13. It is __________________ to fasten your seat-belts before take-off (ADVISE)
14. She claimed __________________ benefit for over six months. (EMPLOY)
15. Tax __________________ is one of the biggest problems that face the new country. (EVADE)
16. You can basically wear what you want but there is an _____________ law that says you must not wear jeans.
(WRITE)
17. The __________________ course is being paid for by the company. (MANAGE)
18. It’s a __________________ shame that she didn’t have a better chance in life. (CRY)
19. The farm house we stayed in was completely off the __________________ track. (BEAT)
20. The police searched the house _______________________ . (SYSTEM)
21. He is a __________________ -paid senior executive. (HIGH)
22. A full-scale ____________________ of our company is urgently needed (ORGANIZE)
23. Are we going to be saved __________________ by our oil supplies? (ECONOMY)
24. Experts have tried to find a __________________ to the personnel problems. (SOLVE)
25. She’s a specialist in psychology and human __________________ . (BEHAVE)
26. The __________________ of the most important port of the country eliminated all trade. (BLOCK)
27. The __________________ system of some countries used to be based on gold. (MONEY)
28. He recovered from his injuries in the __________________ hospital (NAVY)
29. He has loved her __________________ ever since they first met. (PASSION)
30. The importance of this __________________ has been extremely overrated. (INVENT)
31. He is a convinced __________________ of Chinese communism (FOLLOW)
32. Jane’s party was more of an __________________ test than anything else. (ENDURE)
33. The government has committed itself to developing __________________ sources of energy. (NEW)
34. He took a job as a sales __________________ in a big department store. (ASSIST)
35. The potential benefits of this treatment __________________ the risks. (WEIGH)
36. Make sure the hairdryer is __________________ before you fix the switch. (CONNECT)
37. They say that travel __________________ the mind. (BROAD)
38. Without his teacher’s __________________ he would have given up long ago. (ENCOURAGE)
39. Dickens’s last novel was __________________ The Mystery of Edwin Drood. (TITLE)
40. She has known me for two years now but she still __________________ my name. (PRONOUNCE)
english-grammar.at
WORD FORMATION WF 1
Put the correct form of the word in brackets into the blank.
1. In the future the public will have a wider choice of television programs. (CHOOSE)
2. Looking after the health of 700 children is heavy responsibility. (RESPONSIBLE)
3. The town spent more money on housing and health than ever before (HOUSE)
4. Do you have any particular preference where we sit? (PREFER)
5. There’s a striking contrast between what he does and what he says. (STRIKE)
6. The party turned out to be a huge disappointment (DISAPPOINT)
7. He was fined and disqualified for reckless driving (QUALIFY).
8. Is it possible to remove the smell from the books that have been in storage for such a long time? (STORE)
9. Many people are interested in job satisfaction more than in earning large amount of money (SATISFY).
10. I hadn’t made a reservation, so I just got on the first flight available. (RESERVE)
11. The anti-doping association believes that all sports must be free of drug abuse (USE).
12. The country is facing a population explosion. (EXPLODE)
13. It is advisable to fasten your seat-belts before take-off (ADVISE)
14. She claimed unemployment benefit for over six months. (EMPLOY)
15. Tax evasion is one of the biggest problems that face the new country. (EVADE)
16. You can basically wear what you want but there is an unwritten law that says you must not wear jeans. (WRITE)
17. The management course is being paid for by the company. (MANAGE)
18. It’s a crying shame that she didn’t have a better chance in life. (CRY)
19. The farm house we stayed in was completely off the beaten track. (BEAT)
20. The police searched the house systematically. (SYSTEM)
21. He is a highly-paid senior executive. (HIGH)
22. A full-scale reorganization of our company is urgently needed (ORGANIZE)
23. Are we going to be saved economically by our oil supplies? (ECONOMY)
24. Experts have tried to find a solution to the personnel problems. (SOLVE)
25. She’s a specialist in psychology and human behavior. (BEHAVE)
26. The blockade of the most important port of the country eliminated all trade. (BLOCK)
27. The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold. (MONEY)
28. He recovered from his injuries in the naval hospital (NAVY)
29. He has loved her passionately ever since they first met. (PASSION)
30. The importance of this invention has been extremely overrated. (INVENT)
31. He is a convinced follower of Chinese communism (FOLLOW)
32. Jane’s party was more of an endurance test than anything else. (ENDURE)
33. The government has committed itself to developing renewable sources of energy. (NEW)
34. He took a job as a sales assistant in a big department store. (ASSIST)
35. The potential benefits of this treatment outweigh the risks. (WEIGH)
36. Make sure the hairdryer is disconnected before you fix the switch. (CONNECT)
37. They say that travel broadens the mind. (BROAD)
38. Without his teacher’s encouragement he would have given up long ago. (ENCOURAGE)
39. Dickens’s last novel was entitled The Mystery of Edwin Drood. (TITLE)
40. She has known me for two years now but she still mispronounces my name. (PRONOUNCE)
english-grammar.at
WORD FORMATION WF 2
Put the correct form of the word in brackets into the blank .
1. The results were very strange! In fact, they were ___________________ ! (BELIEVE)
2. He has an unfortunate ___________________ to understand people’s feelings (ABLE)
3. Due to the clerk’s ______________________ we missed the train (STUBBORN)
4. What we saw was beyond all ______________________ (EXPECT)
5. She is a student of the ______________________ (HUMAN)
6. The book contains some great ______________________ (ILLUSTRATE)
7. Please give us details of your present ______________________ (OCCUPY)
8. What is the ______________________ of the Danube River (LONG)
9. The ______________________ of our agriculture is important if we want to produce more
food (MECHANIC)
10. Drug ______________________ is a problem causing great concern (ADDICT)
11. The ______________________ of the awards is scheduled for next Friday (PRESENT)
12. I have been sworn to ______________________ so I can’t say a word (SECRET)
13. After losing her job she was ______________________ for a month (EMPLOY)
14. Pushing into a queue is considered to be extremely ______________________ (POLITE)
15. The audience gave the violinist a round of ______________________ (APPLAUD)
16. He isn’t happy with his job because he feels he is ______________________ (PAY)
17. We have just been shown another example of ______________________ killing (SENSE)
18. My sister’s ______________________ makes hers social life difficult (SHY)
19. I’m not sure at all I really can’t say with ______________________ (CERTAIN)
20. My ______________________ is the history of Elizabethan England (SPECIAL)
21. The police were told by their ______________________ where to find the criminal (INFORM)
22. He received many medals for his acts of ______________________ during the war (HERO)
23. The ______________________ of the company is said to be dangerous to small firms
(EXPAND)
24. For all of us, Marilyn Monroe was the ______________________ of beauty (PERSON)
25. I can guarantee the ______________________ of our new product (RELY)
26. The government is encouraging heavy ______________________ (INVEST)
27. People who suffer from ______________________ should buy themselves a pet (LONELY)
28. George and I have been friends since ______________________ (CHILD)
29. Everybody is worried about the ______________________ of the rain forest (DESTROY)
30. Some MPs are calling for ______________________ without trial (DETAIN)
31. My grandfather was given a medal for ______________________ (BRAVE)
32. My father takes great ______________________ in his work (PROUD)
33. This bag contains all my photographic ______________________ (EQUIP)
34. ______________________ is probably the most useful form of energy (ELECTRIC)
35. John turned up on the wrong day because of a ______________________ (UNDERSTAND)
36. Jake had another ______________________ with his boss (AGREE)
37. The bank robbers were sentenced to twelve years of ______________________ (PRISON)
38. Mary suddenly felt sick, so we needed a ______________________ for her part in the play
(REPLACE)
39. Failure to apply in time may result in a ______________________ of benefits (LOSE)
40. Pat was accused of stealing some ______________________ documents (CONFIDENT)
WORD FORMATION WF 2
Put the correct form of the word in brackets into the blank .
1. The results were very strange! In fact, they were unbelievable! (BELIEVE)
2. He has an unfortunate inability to understand people’s feelings (ABLE)
3. Due to the clerk’s stubbornness we missed the train (STUBBORN)
4. What we saw was beyond all expectation (EXPECT)
5. She is a student of the humanities (HUMAN)
6. The book contains some great illustrations (ILLUSTRATE)
7. Please give us details of your present occupation (OCCUPY)
8. What is the length of the Danube River (LONG)
9. The mechanization of our agriculture is important if we want to produce more food
(MECHANIC)
10. Drug addiction is a problem causing great concern (ADDICT)
11. The presentation of the awards is scheduled for next Friday (PRESENT)
12. I have been sworn to secrecy so I can’t say a word (SECRET)
13. After losing her job she was unemployed for a month (EMPLOY)
14. Pushing into a queue is considered to be extremely impolite (POLITE)
15. The audience gave the violinist a round of applause (APPLAUD)
16. He isn’t happy with his job because he feels he is underpaid (PAY)
17. We have just been shown another example of senseless killing (SENSE)
18. My sister’s shyness makes hers social life difficult (SHY)
19. I’m not sure at all I really can’t say with certainty (CERTAIN)
20. My specialty is the history of Elizabethan England (SPECIAL)
21. The police were told by their informant where to find the criminal (INFORM)
22. He received many medals for his acts of heroism during the war (HERO)
23. The expansion of the company is said to be dangerous to small firms (EXPAND)
24. For all of us, Marilyn Monroe was the personification of beauty (PERSON)
25. I can guarantee the reliability of our new product (RELY)
26. The government is encouraging heavy investment (INVEST)
27. People who suffer from loneliness should buy themselves a pet (LONELY)
28. George and I have been friends since childhood (CHILD)
29. Everybody is worried about the destruction of the rain forest (DESTROY)
30. Some MPs are calling for detainment without trial (DETAIN)
31. My grandfather was given a medal for bravery (BRAVE)
32. My father takes great pride in his work (PROUD)
33. This bag contains all my photographic equipment (EQUIP)
34. Electricity is probably the most useful form of energy (ELECTRIC)
35. John turned up on the wrong day because of a misunderstanding (UNDERSTAND)
36. Jake had another disagreement with his boss (AGREE)
37. The bank robbers were sentenced to twelve years of imprisonment (PRISON)
38. Mary suddenly felt sick, so we needed a replacement for her part in the play (REPLACE)
39. Failure to apply in time may result in a loss of benefits (LOSE)
40. Pat was accused of stealing some confidential documents (CONFIDENT)
WF008 WORD FORMATION
Use the words in capitals to form a word that fits into the space next to it!
1. A ______________________ of foreign languages, especially French and German, is required for

the job. (KNOW)
2. Judo requires both skill and ______________________ (STRONG).
3. We decided to buy the house because the price was very ______________________ (REASON)
4. The ______________________ of the mountain is about 2000 metres (HIGH).
5. Tea or coffee? – If I had the ______________________ I’d take tea (CHOOSE).
6. She was very ______________________ and hoped to become a lawyer before she reached the
age of 35. (AMBITION)
7. Thank you for everything you’ve done. You’ve been very ______________________ (HELP).
8. The painting looked real, but the ______________________ was obviously a forgery (SIGN).
9. Last year the company made a ______________________ of over $10 million (LOSE).
10. I could never live in Saudi Arabia because of the ______________________ (HOT).
11. She passed all of her exams with ______________________ (EASY).
12. I do not think it is a good idea to go to the beach today. It’s too ______________________ (CLOUD).
13. The police are looking into the ______________________ disappearance of the old man (MYSTERY)
14. Don’t touch that snake. It’s extremely ______________________ (POISON).
15. I think it’s a very ______________________ thing to wait before you buy the house. Prices might go
down (SENSE)
16. Who prepared this fish? It’s awful and completely ______________________ (TASTE).
17. I want ______________________ of your innocence (PROVE).
18. I met my ______________________ in secret (INFORM).
19. It is my ______________________ that there are other living beings in the universe (BELIEVE).
20. Everyone will tell you that ______________________ is the best way to keep prices down
(COMPETE).
21. A phrasebook is a very ______________________ thing to have when you visit a foreign country
(USE).
22. He definitely has the ______________________ to become a professional tennis player (ABLE).
23. This part of the country is made up of a landscape of great ______________________ (BEAUTIFUL)
24. I can’t finish this book. I’ll die of ______________________ (BORED).
25. The ______________________ of the plane was delayed because of fog around the airport
(DEPART).
26. He was filled with ______________________ when he saw his neighbour’s new car (ENVIOUS).
27. You should care about your ______________________ when you go to the interview (APPEAR).
28. There is no ______________________ between his latest book and the earlier ones (COMPARE)
29. We had to get special ______________________ to leave early (PERMIT).
30. As the best man, he had to make a ______________________ at the wedding (SPEAK).
KEY
Use the words in capitals to form a word that fits into the space next to it!
1. A knowledge of foreign languages, especially French and German, is required for the job.
(KNOW)
2. Judo requires both skill and strength (STRONG).
3. We decided to buy the house because the price was very reasonable (REASON)
4. The height of the mountain is about 2000 metres (HIGH).
5. Tea or coffee? – If I had the choice I’d take tea (CHOOSE).
6. She was very ambitious and hoped to become a lawyer before she reached the age of 35.
(AMBITION)
7. Thank you for everything you’ve done. You’ve been very helpful (HELP).
8. The painting looked real, but the signature was obviously a forgery (SIGN).
9. Last year the company made a loss of over $10 million (LOSE).
10. I could never live in Saudi Arabia because of the heat (HOT).
11. She passed all of her exams with ease (EASY).
12. I do not think it is a good idea to go to the beach today. It’s too cloudy (CLOUD).
13. The police are looking into the mysterious disappearance of the old man (MYSTERY)
14. Don’t touch that snake. It’s extremely poisonous (POISON).
15. I think it’s a very sensible thing to wait before you buy the house. Prices might go down
(SENSE)
16. Who prepared this fish? It’s awful and completely tasteless (TASTE).
17. I want proof of your innocence (PROVE).
18. I met my informant in secret (INFORM).
19. It is my belief that there are other living beings in the universe (BELIEVE).
20. Everyone will tell you that competition is the best way to keep prices down (COMPETE).
21. A phrasebook is a very useful thing to have when you visit a foreign country (USE).
22. He definitely has the ability to become a professional tennis player (ABLE).
23. This part of the country is made up of a landscape of great beauty (BEAUTIFUL)
24. I can’t finish this book. I’ll die of boredom (BORED).
25. The departure of the plane was delayed because of fog around the airport (DEPART).
26. He was filled with envy when he saw his neighbour’s new car (ENVIOUS).
27. You should care about your appearance when you go to the interview (APPEAR).
28. There is no comparison between his latest book and the earlier ones (COMPARE)
29. We had to get special permission to leave early (PERMIT).
30. As the best man, he had to make a speech at the wedding (SPEAK).
Wish Exercise 1
I wish things were different! Make sentences using ‘wish’ + past simple about the
things I don’t like. You can put in ‘that’ if you want, or leave it out.
For example: ‘I’m cold’ becomes ‘I wish (that) I wasn’t cold’.
1. I don’t have a car.

__________________________________________________________________
2. I can’t play the piano.
__________________________________________________________________
3. I’m at work.
__________________________________________________________________
4. It’s winter.
__________________________________________________________________
5. I’m ill.
__________________________________________________________________
6. I don’t have new shoes.
__________________________________________________________________
7. I can’t afford to go on holiday.
__________________________________________________________________
8. I don’t have time to read lots of books.
__________________________________________________________________
9. I can’t drive.
__________________________________________________________________
10. My laptop is broken.
__________________________________________________________________
Answers to ‘Wish Exercise 1’:
1. I wish (that) I had a car.

2. I wish (that) I could play the piano.
3. I wish (that) I wasn’t at work.
4. I wish (that) it wasn’t winter.
5. I wish (that) I wasn’t ill.
6. I wish (that) I had new shoes.
7. I wish (that) I could afford to go on holiday.
8. I wish (that) I had time to read lots of books.
9. I wish (that) I could drive.
10. I wish (that) my laptop wasn’t broken.
BBC Learning English
Words in the News
Language extinction
5 September 2014
_____________________________________________________
Economic development is causing the extinction of some languages, scientists believe.
A study has found that minority languages in the most developed parts of the world,
including North America, Europe and Australia, are most at threat. The research is
published in the journal 'Proceedings of the Royal Society B'. The BBC's Rebecca Morelle
reports.
(words spoken in the language Upper Tanana)
This is Upper Tanana. It's spoken by fewer than 25 people in Alaska and may soon
vanish. Scientists say that regions like this in North America, as well as areas in Europe
and Australia are now hotspots for language extinctions. A study shows that the more
successful a country is economically, the more rapidly minority tongues are lost, as one
national language comes to dominate educational and political systems.
(words spoken in Bahing)
The team also found that languages in the Himalayas could be at risk, such as Bahing in
Nepal which has less than ten speakers. And some found in the tropics are also
disappearing. Rapid economic growth in these regions is thought to be driving this
loss.
The scientists say that greater protection is needed.
Words in the News © British Broadcasting Corporation 2014

Page 1 of 2
bbclearningenglish.com
Vocabulary and definitions
vanish disappear
hotspots (here) places at greater risk
minority small number of people in a community or country
dominate have the most influence
economic growth increase the amount of goods and services in a country over
a short period of time
to be driving (here) to be leading
Read and listen to the story and the vocabulary online:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/140905_witn_language.shtml
Related story:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-29037168

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
Walk or cycle for 'a happier commute'
15 September 2014
________________________________________________________
Walking or cycling to work instead of driving a car can improve people's feelings of health
and happiness. That's what a study at the University of East Anglia in the UK suggests.
The BBC's Adam Brimelow reports.
For many people commuting is a necessary evil. Most see going by car or van as the
'least worst' option. This study by the researchers at the University of East Anglia
challenges that assumption.
It suggests walking, cycling or travelling by public transport can lift the mood. Crucially,
it suggests those who switch from the car to an active commute feel better across a
range of psychological measures, including concentration, decision making and the ability
to face up to problems.
The researchers say policies encouraging people to leave their cars at home could have a
dramatic impact on public wellbeing.

Page 1 of 2
a necessary evil something you don't like or enjoy but have to accept
assumption something considered to be true, though there is no proof
lift the mood make happier
to face up to to accept or deal with
dramatic sudden and easy to notice
wellbeing the state of feeling healthy, happy and having enough money

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/09/140915_witn_cycling.shtml
Related story:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-29175088

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
Titanic letter sells for £119,000
28 April 2014
_____________________________________________________
The last letter to be written on the ill-fated Titanic has sold for £119,000 at auction.
It was written by survivors Esther Hart and her young daughter hours before the ship hit
an iceberg and sank in 1912. The BBC's Duncan Kennedy reports.
Esther Hart sat down with her seven-year-old daughter Eva to write the letter just eight
hours or so before the Titanic hit the iceberg. It was for her mother in London. And in it
Mrs Hart wrote that they were enjoying what she called "the wonderful journey".
She said they were likely to arrive in New York early because of the speed at which the
ship was travelling.
The letter ended up in the coat pocket of her husband Benjamin and only survived
because he gave her the coat to keep warm. He died along with more than 1,500 others.
Titanic memorabilia continues to be big business. A menu on the day of the disaster
was recently sold for £76,000 whilst a violin, played as the ship sank, went for £900,000.

Page 1 of 2
or so approximately; more or less
hit (here) crashed into
likely probably
survived stayed alive after nearly dying because of an accident or

illness
memorabilia objects which people collect because they are related to a

particular place, person or event
big business financial activites which generate a lot of money

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/04/140428_witn_titanic_letter.shtml
Related story:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-27174557

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
Internet piracy warnings
21 July 2014
_____________________________________________________
Warning emails are to be sent to people in the UK who are downloading music and films
illegally. From 2015, up to four warnings a year will be sent to households suspected of
copyright infringement. The BBC's Emma Simpson reports:
Anyone who is found to have illegally downloaded material will be sent an alert offering
advice on where to find legitimate sources of entertainment online.
But these messages will be capped for a year and there will be no penalties for
offenders. It's a far cry from what the entertainment industry originally called for.
When the controversial Digital Economy Act was introduced in the final days of the
Labour government in 2010, it included measures to cut off people's internet connections
for repeated misuse.
This new three-year scheme is a compromise.
Latest industry figures suggest nearly a quarter of all content consumed online is illegally
downloaded, including more than a billion music tracks within a year.

Page 1 of 2
legitimate done according to the law
capped limited
offenders people who act illegally
it's a far cry from it's very different from
controversial causing people to disagree and argue
misuse (noun) improper use
compromise a settlement; a situation where people on all sides of an

argument reduce their demands so that they can reach an
agreement

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/07/140721_witn_piracy.shtml
Related story:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-28374457

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
Solar power cheaper than coal?
27 June 2014
_____________________________________________________
A new way of producing solar cells could make energy from the Sun cheaper than coal,
gas and oil. The research by a team at Liverpool University has been published in the
journal Nature. The BBC’s Pallab Ghosh has the details.
Solar cells convert energy from the Sun into electricity. The researchers have replaced a
toxic compound, used to make one type of solar cell, with a chemical that is much
cheaper, completely safe and works just as well.
The new compound, magnesium chloride, is used to make tofu and is found in bath salts.
It's also found in sea water, and so costs much less than the poisonous chemical
currently used.
Dr Jon Major, who led the research at Liverpool University, believes that the ensuing
cost savings have the potential to transform the economics of solar energy.
Dr Jon Major, Liverpool University:

"Potentially you could reduce the cost of making these solar cells overnight. We think
that this process could cause a step change in the cost of solar energy and that could
really make the difference into making it competitive with fossil fuels."
More work will need to be done to see if the cost savings found in the lab can work on an
industrial scale. But the cost of solar energy has been steadily falling. And many
involved in research in the field believe that it's just a matter of time before it becomes
cheaper than coal, gas and oil, and one day replaces fossil fuels entirely.

Page 1 of 2
toxic poisonous; able to cause illness or death
compound a chemical that contains two or more elements
ensuing happening as a result of
competitive (of goods or services) as cheap or cheaper than
fossil fuel source of energy formed from plants and animals which died
millions of years ago (such as oil, coal and gas)
on an industrial scale in large quantities
steadily slowly but continuously

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/06/140627_witn_solar_power.shtml
Related story:

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
Oldest Holocaust survivor dies
24 February 2014
_____________________________________________________
The woman thought to be the oldest survivor of the Nazi holocaust has died in London at
the age of 110. Alice Herz-Sommer was born into a Jewish family in Prague and spent
two years in the Nazi camp at Terezin, or Theresienstadt, located in what is now the
Czech Republic. Vincent Dowd reports.
Alice Herz-Sommer had to face some of the worst events of the 20th Century: her
husband died in the Dachau concentration camp. But she remained an optimist with a
faith in humankind.
Born in 1903, she knew the writer Franz Kafka as a family friend.
Alice was taught piano: when she played, she said, she was with God. At Theresienstadt
she was allowed to play still, which made her think the camp would not be so bad.
She was lucky to get out alive with her young son. Stephan, she said, had helped her
survive.
Alice Herz-Sommer: "Love! When you love somebody it's beautiful. People complain.
Why complain?"
Next week, a documentary about Alice Herz-Sommer's life is up for an Oscar.

Page 1 of 2
to face (here) to endure or to bear a very difficult or painful situation
concentration camp prison where large numbers of ordinary people are kept,
often in bad conditions, usually during a war or for political
reasons
optimist person who believes good things will happen
humankind the whole human race
allowed given permission (to do something)
complain express dissatisfaction (with something)
is up for is being considered for (something)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/02/140224_witn_holocaust.shtml
Related story:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26318383

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
Twins meet after 78 years apart
2 May 2014
_____________________________________________________
Twin sisters from Aldershot in the UK have met in the United States after spending 78
years apart. Elizabeth Hamel and Ann Hunt were separated as babies. The women found
each other after the longest period of separation ever recorded for twins. Peter Bowes
sent this exclusive report from Fullerton in California.
It was an emotional reunion.
Elizabeth Hamel and Ann Hunt, twins:

Oh, how lovely to see you in the flesh.
Ann grew up never knowing she had a twin. Elizabeth stayed with her mother, who was
in domestic service and could afford to bring up only one child. It wasn't until last year,
with the women in their late 70s, that Ann discovered she had a twin sister, now living in
America.
Ann Hunt:
You're meeting someone in the flesh for the first time, and you know that you've been in
the womb together for eight months.
The sisters have agreed to take part in a research programme looking into the lives of
reunited twins. Dr Nancy Segal is the director of the Twin Studies Center at California
State University.
Dr Nancy Segal:
We want to get a comprehensive overview of their lives, their abilities, their interests
and really put it all together as an important case study, because this is the world's
longest-separated pair of twins.
Ann and Elizabeth plan to spend some time together. They have two lifetimes of
memories to share, and new families to get to know.

Page 1 of 2
reunion situation where people meet again after a long time
in the flesh in real life (not just on television, on the internet, by phone,
etc)
womb organ inside a mother's body where a baby grows before

being born
reunited brought together again after a long time apart
overview description of the main features of something
case study detailed piece of research with a lot of information

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/04/140502_witn_twins.shtml
Related story:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-27188642

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
Man survives 16 months at sea
3 February 2014
_____________________________________________________
It could be story from a Hollywood movie: a man alone at sea for more than a year,
killing animals to stay alive. That's what Jose Salvador Albarengo from Mexico says
happened to him when he was trying to sail to El Salvador. Susana Mendonça reports:
Fish, birds, turtles - anything he could get hold of, he would kill with his bare hands. Jose
told his rescuers he even drank turtle blood to stay alive during the 16 months he says
he was adrift at sea. When his boat finally washed up at Ebon Atoll on Thursday,
halfway between Hawaii and Australia, he was emaciated and barely able to walk. Ola
Fjeldstad, a Norwegian anthropology student who's doing research in the Marshall
Islands, said Jose's fiberglass boat bore the signs of the harrowing 7,500-mile detour:
Ola Fjeldstad, anthropology student:

We first found his boat, which was probably a 24-footer, engine broken, grown over with
shells and other sea animals. And it had a live baby bird, a dead turtle, some turtle shells,
fish leftovers and it was in pretty bad condition.
And there's tragedy in this tale. There were two people on the boat when it set off from
Mexico to El Salvador in September 2012, but Jose said his companion had died several
months earlier. Little is known about the circumstances, as so far he's had to draw
pictures to communicate with people on the remote Pacific island because they can't
understand Spanish. Locals have been nursing the long-haired, bearded stranger back
to health and Ola Fjeldstad says Jose's doing much better:
Ola Fjeldstad, anthropology student:

He's gained a lot of strength. He's been eating a lot of food, fish, rice, fruit and drinking
coffee. He's in a lot better shape now. He's able to walk around by himself. He's cracking
jokes!
There are good reasons to be cheerful; had he missed the Marshall Islands, it could have
been another 1,000 or so miles before Jose would have had any hope of hitting land
again.

Page 1 of 2
adrift (of a boat) moving across the water but not controlled by
anyone
emaciated thin and weak because of extreme hunger or illness
anthropology the study of human societies, cultures and beliefs
harrowing extremely frightening or upsetting
tragedy a very sad situation, often involving death
circumstances events that make a situation the way it is
nursing (here) taking care of

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/02/140203_witn_castaway.shtml
Related story:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-26010553

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
'Biggest dinosaur ever' discovered
19 May 2014
_____________________________________________________
Fossilised bones of a dinosaur believed to be the largest creature ever to walk the Earth
have been found in Argentina, palaeontologists say. Based on its huge thigh bones, it
measured 40m long and 20m tall. The BBC's Palab Ghosh reports.
These creatures have yet to be given a name, but they belong to a group known as
Titanosaurs. They had long necks and tails and are claimed by those who discovered
them to have been the largest creatures ever to have walked the Earth. At full stretch,
they were the height of a seven-storey building and weighed more than ten full-grown
elephants. Yet they were probably not fearsome, but mild-mannered vegetarians.
The giant dinosaurs lived 100 million years ago, in what is now Patagonia. Dr Bill Sellers,
a palaeontologist at the University of Manchester, says it's a very exciting discovery:
"This is an amazing find because they've got so many dinosaurs there. I mean, this is
seven individuals and these things are enormous! And actually it's really important
because we don't know very much about these. We actually have very very few complete
skeletons, and it looks like they've got quite a lot of bones here. So I think we will be
able to piece together what's a real animal rather than a sort of composite."
So far more than 200 bones have been found. The discovery should increase our
understanding of how these magnificent creatures evolved.

Page 1 of 2
at full stretch fully straightened out; as long as it can possibly be
fearsome very frightening
mild-mannered gentle
amazing wonderful; pleasantly surprising
skeletons sets of bones which support bodies
composite made of parts from different sources
magnificent impressive; wonderful

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/05/140519_witn_dinosaur.shtml
Related story:

Page 2 of 2
Words in the News
Huge increase in obesity
3 January 2014
_____________________________________________________
There are new calls for governments around the world to create laws which prevent
people eating too much unhealthy food. Researchers at Britain's Overseas Development
Institute, say the number of overweight and obese adults in developing countries went
up almost four times between 1980 and 2008. The BBC's Global Health correspondent
Tulip Mazumdar reports.
Globally, one in three adults is now considered overweight or obese. In 1980 it was one
in five.
The Future Diets report analysed existing data and found the steepest rise has been in
developing nations like Mexico and Egypt, where people are spending their increasing
disposable incomes on fatty, sugary foods. Numbers almost quadrupled from 250
million to 904 million.
The report also said that western countries which have been dealing with the obesity
problem for longer have so far failed to tackle it effectively.
It highlighted a more successful mass campaign in South Korea to train women how to
prepare traditional low-fat meals.
The report suggests following the example of some American states in taxing things like
fizzy drinks and sugary sweets. It also warns if current global trends continue, there
will be a huge increase in heart attacks, strokes and diabetes.

Page 1 of 2
steepest (here) biggest
disposable incomes money left after spending on essential things like food and
accommodation
quadrupled became four times larger
taxing (here) legally making something more expensive so it is less

affordable
fizzy drinks drinks with high amounts of sugar and gas added to make
them bubbly
trends patterns
strokes medical condition in which brain cells suddenly die due to lack
of blood supply

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2014/01/140103_witn_obesity.shtml
Related story:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-25576400

Page 2 of 2

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 THIS (house) and THESE (houses) - are near

Fill the gaps with this, these, that or those.

1 I don't like this chair. I like ....................... one over there.

2 A:(picking up an umbrella) Is this your umbrella?

3 A:(pointing to the corner of the room) Is that your bag?

5 Sean is ....................... boy at the back of the class.

6 The red shoes are awful. I like ....................... shoes here.

7 I really like ....................... hat you're wearing?

8 Look at ....................... earrings I'm wearing. I bought them in the market.

12 Waiter. ....................... coffee tastes funny.

13 Don't do it like that. Do it like ....................... .

www.autoenglish.org Written by Bob Wilson ©Robert Clifford McNair Wilson 2014

1 I don't like this chair. I like that one over there.

www.autoenglish.org Written by Bob Wilson ©Robert Clifford McNair Wilson 2014

Irregular Past Participles - Part 1

Make the past participle of the verb:

1. Julie wasn’t at home, she had _____________________ (go) to the shops.

1. Julie wasn’t at home, she had gone to the shops.

1. She _________________ (bring) some chocolates to the party.

26. She brought some chocolates to the party.

positive negative question

FACOLTA’ DI LETTERE E FILOSOFIA

words. The first reading is to get a general understanding of the text.

may find more difficult.

answer them now.

section. No dictionaries are allowed.

false practice tests with the answer keys.

1. What is the writer trying to do in the text?

2. The text gives the reader ...

3. The writer thinks that Pet Doctor is ...

4. Why did the writer mention Romeo and Juliet?

5. Which one of these TV guides is describing Pet Doctor?

2. The Body Shop

1. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this text?

2. What would someone learn from this text?

4. What kinds of workers does the writer like to employ?

5. What kind of person does the writer seem to be?

3. The Toy Museum

1. This writing is from ...

2. What is the writer trying to do?

4. What period of toy manufacturing is receiving increased attention?

4. Photo printing firm pays out compensation

1. What is the writer trying to do?

2. This text is from ...

3. Before her visit, Charlotte had ...

1. The term ‘alternative’ is ...

2. Alternative therapy is often rejected by conventional doctors because ...

3. Few practitioners of alternative medicine think their therapies should ...

4. Western medicine ...

5. The World Health Organization ...

1. The River Wensum flows through East Anglia. T/F

3. In the 11th century Norwich was a small village. T/F

7. The number of students in Norwich is increasing. T/F

9. Norwich people still like shopping at the old market. T/F

10. The city park surrounds the Mall. T/F

2. Carnival Safety Success

1. In Europe, there is a bigger festival than Notting Hill Carnival. T/F

2. The weather was very good at this year’s Carnival. T/F

3. The carnival parade went a different way this year. T/F

4. Many activities continued till midnight. T/F