1.

Introduction
The objectives of Vocational Educational System in the context
of fullfillment of national goal are to train the students for
employment in the growing sectors of economy both organized
and unorganized, to provide an alternative channel for higher
education and to prepare students for self-reliance and gainful
employment. There has been a great improvement in the
demand for computer professionals during the past few years.
To cater to certain graphical oriented requirements of the
business sector the Computer graphics and Animation course
syllabus has been drafted.

2. Objectives of the Course

To train the students to acquire skills in generating marketable
computer graphics and animated pictures, specially in the area
of advertisements, and to acquire skill in Telugu s/2 packages.
To train the students to acquire skills and mastery in the use of
different softwares producing graphics and animation.
To impart the student real-life advertisement exposure in an
organisation/PTC (Production cum Training centre) under OJT.

3. Job Opportunities
Media Production as Animators
Computer Aided course-ware development as Animation
Assistants
Drawing/Film making
DTP Works
Photo editing assistants in studios

1
4. ANNUAL SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION FOR
VOCATIONAL COURSES 1ST & 2ND YEAR

Part - A Theory Practicals Total

Periods Marks Periods Marks Periods Marks

1. English 185 75 - - 185 75

2. G.F.C. 185 75 - - 185 75
Part - B
3. Vocational Subjects
Paper - I 160 50 160 50 320 100
Paper - II 160 50 160 50 320 100
Paper - III 160 50 160 50 320 100
Part - C
4. On the Job Training - - 210 50 210 50
Total 850 300 690 200 1540 500

Scheme of Instruction per week for Vocational Courses

Part - A Theory Practicals Total

1. English 6 - 6
2. G.F.C. 6 - 6
Part - B
3. Vocational subjects
Paper - I 5 5 10
Paper - II 5 5 10
Paper - III 5 5 10

2
 V. BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION
ANDHRA PRADESH - HYDERABAD

THEORY PAPER-I
IstYEAR
SUBJECT : COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS
& PROGRAMMING IN C

1. Introduction to Computing (50 Periods, 15 Marks)

Introduction to Computers
Classification of computers based on size, purpose and
operation
Anatomy of computers
Number systems used in computers
Input and output devices
Block diagram of CPU
Operating system software
Programming language
Utility Software
2. Introduction to problem solving (30 Periods, 10 Marks)
Algorithons
Flow Charts
Pseudo code
Coding
3. Programming in 'C' (80 Periods, 25 marks)
Structure of a C-program
Data types
Constants and Variables
Operators and expressions
Arrays, structures and Unions

3
 Pre-defined (built-in) functions
Control Statements-Decision making (if,if...else, switch...case)
- Looping (for , while, do...while)
User defined functions and reursive functions
Working with files in C (Fopen, fclose, fprintf, fscanf, fread,
fwrite)

Reference Books :
1. Let us C (Yashwanth Kanithkar)
2. Computers and Common sense (Roger thunt and PB Shelly)
3. Introduction to Computers (V. Raja Raman)

4
 BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION
ANDHRA PRADESH - HYDERABAD

PRACTICAL PAPER-I
IstYEAR
SUBJECT : PROGRAMMING IN C
List of Experiments :
1. Programs on datatypes in 'C'
2. Programs on 1d and 2d arrays
3. Programs on decision making using if, if...else, switch
4. Programs on looping using for, while, do...while loops.
5. Programs on using functions.
6. Programs on structures
7. Programs on unions
8. Programs on searching
9. Programs on sorting
10. Programs on files

5
 Paper 2 : P. C. Software Tools
Unit/Chapter No of Periods
I 30
II 30
III 40
IV 30
V 30
VI 30
Total 160

1. Overview of Operating Systems

* DOS
* Working with DOS Commands
* Configuring DOS and Batch files
* Windows
* Basics
* Accessories
* File Manager and Program Manager

2. MS-Word
* Introduction to Word Processing
* Editing a Document
* Move and Copy Text and Help System
* Formatting Text and Paragraph
* Finding and Replacing Text and Spell Checking
* Using Tabs
* Enhancing Document
* Columns, Tables and Other Features
* Using Graphics, Templates and Wizards
* Using Mail Merge
* Miscellaneous features of Word

3. MS-Excel
* Introduction to Spreadsheet
* Creating Worksheets & feeding data
6
 * Using functions
* Editing Cells and Using commands and functions
* Moving and Copying, Inserting and Deleting Rows and
Columns
* Formatting a Worksheet
* Opening, Saving and Printing a Worksheet
* Working with Charts
* Working with Macros

4. MS-PowerPoint
* Creating Presentations using AutoContent Wizard, Template
& Blank Presentation
* Working with Master’s Slide, Title handout and Notes
* Viewing a Presentation
* Drawing Objects & Inserting OLE
* Drawing freeform shapes
* Rotating Objects

5. MS-Access
* Creating Database
* Creating Tables, Forms and Queries

Reference Books:
1. PC Software for Windows made simple by R K Taxali
— Tata McGraw Hill
2. Fundamentals of MS-Office — BPB Publication

PRACTICALS :
Word, Excel, Powerpoint & Access

7
 PRACTICAL PAPER-II
Ist YEAR
SUBJECT : MS-OFFICE
List of Experiments :
1. Introduction to Windows
2. Working with MS-Word and Telugu language package
3. Creating, editing and formatting a document
4. Working with using templates and wizards
5. Inserting tables and Mail Merge
6. Creating worksheets, data entry and editing
7. Working with Charts
8. Working with macros
9. Working with presentation, clip art and sounds
10. Creating database, Tables, and working with forms & queries

8
 Paper 3 : Computer Hardware
1. Hardware Fundamentals — (20 Peirods, 6 Marks)
Identifying components and their use
Measuring voltages at different levels
2. Motherboards and their related components
— (35 Periods, 10 Marks)
Studying about different types of Motherboards
Studying about different ports like serial, parallel & standard
Different port settings
3. BIOS and CMOS — (35 Periods, 12 Marks)
Bootstrap loader program
BIOS features
Configuration of system through BIOS
4. Operating Systems — (35 Periods, 12 Marks)
Installing different Operating Systems like DOS & Windows
Touble shooting through software
5. Anti-virus Softwares — (35 Periods, 10 Marks)
Installation of Anti-virus Softwares
Recovery of system through Anti-virus patches

Reference Book :
Upgrading and repairing PC's – 8th Edition, QUE (PHI) – 1997
— Scott Mueller

Practicals :
Handling SMPS, BIOS, Operating System Installation,
Anti-virus Installation
Using Multi-meter to measure voltages.

9
 PRACTICAL PAPER-III
Ist YEAR
SUBJECT : PC HARDWARE
List of Experiments :
1. Identifying external posts and interfacing
2. Identifying PC cards and intertaining
3. Identifying posts on the cards and interfacing
4. Preventive maintenance of a PC
5. Understanding CMOs
6. Partitioning and formatting Harddisks
7. Installing System and application software
8. Understanding control panel settings
9. Working with anti-virus software
10. Working with backups and archival utilities

10
 SYLLABUS
IInd YEAR
SUBJECT : GRAPHICS & ANIMATION

Paper 1 : Graphics and Animation (20 Periods, 6 Marks)

1. Introduction to graphics system
Hardware (AGP Card, VGA card, SVGA card, etc)
I/O devices (mouse, scanners, plotters, etc)
Software (Graphics Packages like Auto CAD)
Vector Graphics and bitmapped graphics
2. Graphics file formats (35 Periods, 10 Marks)
1D Graphics - Primitive shapes, Transformations and filters
3. Bitmapped Images (35 periods, 10 Marks)
Resolution
Compression
Manipulation
Geometric transformations
4. 3D Graphics
Representations
Viewing
Shading
5. Color (20 Periods, 8 Marks)
Color and science
Color models
Channels and color corrections
Consistent color
6. Animation (20 Periods, 8 Marks)
Captured animation and image sequences

11
 Digital cell and sprite animation
Key frame animation
3D animation
Reference Book :
Tay Vaughan - Multimedia : Making it Work, Fourth Edition MC
Graw 1998
John Villamyl & Louis molina, Multimedia an introduction. PHI-
1998.
Practicals :
Flash
3d Studio max and
Photoshop

12
 IInd YEAR
PRACTICAL PAPER-I
SUBJECT : GRAPHICS & ANIMATION

List of Experiments :
1. Drawing regular and irregular shapes with 2D-primitives.
2. Transformations and filling of 2D images.
3. Working with color palette.
4. Working with layers.
5. Creation of images with special effects.
6. Working with layers in the time line.
7. Keyframe animation.
8. Using tween to animate.
9. Familarization with 3D Max studio.
10. Create animated cartoon usind 3D primitives.

13
 THEORY IInd YEAR
PAPER - II
SUBJECT : MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES
1. Multimedia Fundamentals (Periods 30, Marks 10)
Meaning & importance of MM4
Application of Multimedia, Structure and Organisation
Multimedia Hardware
2. Multimedia Presentation Building Blocks
(Periods 50 Marks 15)
Text and Graphics
Media Player
Video Capturing, Sound Caputuring and Editing
Video Compression
3. Interactive Multimedia Software Authoring Basics
(Periods 50, Marks 15)
Structure and Function of Authoring Basics
Fundamentals of Authoring Software
Multimedia Applications
4. Testing, Packing, Copyrighting and Distributing a Multimedia
Application (Periods 30, Marks 10)

Reference Books:
Multimedia-An Introduction by John Villamil and Louis Molina
Printed by Prentice Hall of India
Ramesh Bangia, Multimedia and Web Technology, Firewall Media-
2004
Practicals:
Practice on Audio and Video Capturing and Editing Softwares

14
 IInd YEAR
PRACTICAL PAPER-II
SUBJECT : MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
List of Experiments ( With respective editing Softwares)
1. Working with PDF files using Acrobat distiller.
2. Storing BOICE Data
3. Manipulating with windows sound recorder
4. Working with education multimedia
5. Copying Video Media into digital media
6. Storing Photoes using digital media
7. Fast-tracking the sound media
9. Computer based learning
10. Computer based teaching

15
 THEORY IInd YEAR
PAPER III
SUBJECT : INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES
1. Introduction — (10 Periods, 5 Marks)
1.1. Introduction to Internet
1.2. Advantages of Internet
2. Internet Connectivity — (30 Periods, 10 Marks)
2.1. Learning about client/server system
2.2. Internet domains and addresses
2.3. Dialop internet connection and ISP
3. Internet Services — (30 Periods, 10 Marks)
3.1. www.browing and searching
3.2. Fundamentals of electronic mail
3.3. Telnet, FTP
3.4. News rooms, Mailing lists and Chat rooms
4. HTML — (50 Periods, 15 Marks)
4.1. Basics of HTML
4.2. Web Graphics
4.3. Advanced HTML
(Frames, Forms, CGI Scripts, Dynamic Documents, HTML Tools,
Cascading Style Sheets)
5. Client and Server Side Scripting — (40 Periods, 10 Marks)
5.1. Java Script (JSP), JSP, Accessing database.

Reference Books :
1. Raymond Grenlaw, Ellen Hepp - Fundamentals of the internet and
World Wide Web, TMH - 2000
2. HTML & Java Script for visual learners by Chris Chamber

16
 IInd YEAR
PRACTICAL PAPER-III
SUBJECT : INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES
List of Experiments ( With respective editing Softwares)
1. Exposive to internet connectivity
2. Working with Web browser and information rehieval
3. Working with e-mail clients (Sending/receiving/attachments)
4. Working with FTP
5. Working with basic THML tags and HTML forms
6. HTML - image maps
7. Working with style-sheets
8. Using Java script for client side data validation
9. Creation and hosting of personal home pages
10. Accessing data from data base using JDBC and JSP.

17
VI. LIST OF EQUIPMENT
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
I. Hardware requirement
1. Inter Pentium IV processor 2.8 GH2
2. 1 MB L2 Cache
3. 512 MB Ram
4. 80 GB Harddisk
5. DVD CD/RW combo
6. Sterio Speakers
7. 17" Color Monitor
8. Intel 865GB Chipset
9. Mouse
10. Micro Phone
11. Digital Camera cum Webcam
II. Software requirement
1. Windows XP
2. Office XP
3. Turbo C/C++
4. Flash
5. Macro Media director
6. Photoshop
7. Audio/Video Capturing and editing softwares.

18
VII.a) Collaborating institutions for curriculum transactions
DTP centres locally available
Data Conversion centres
TV production centres
Advertisement agencies

b) On Job Training Centres

AVRC, Osmania University
Color Chips
All TV channels including DD
Infotech enterprises
Newspapers/Magazines publications centres
Ramoji Film City

19
VIII. Qualification for Lecturers
M.Sc. (CS/IT/IS)
M.C.A.
B.E./B. Tech (CS/IT)
Any post graduate with higher diploma in Multimedia
B.Sc. (CS/IT) with PG Diploma in Computers
B.C.A. with any PG Diploma

IX. Vertical Mobility

Eligibility to attend A Level course recognised by DOEACC
To certain science degree courses on completion of Bridge
course (Maths, Physics & Chemistry)
B.C.A. and other courses
Polytechnics

20
Model Question Papers
Computer
Graphics
& Animation

21
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER-I
FIRST YEAR
SUBJECT : COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 50
Section - A
Note : (i) Answer all the Questions 10 x 2 = 20
(ii) Each Question carries 2 marks
1. What is a personal computer?
2. What are the logical operations performed by ALU?
3. List any 2 popular Input & Output devices.
4. State any 2 difference between Software and Hardware
5. Find out the binary equivalent of (45)10
6. Who invented "C" language and where?
7. What do you mean by recursive function?
8. What is the difference between "freade" and "fscanf" function in "C"?
9. List the logical operators in "C".
10. What is the difference between pre-defined function and user-
defined function?
Section - B
Note : (i) Answer any 5 Questions 5 x 6 = 30
(ii) Each Question carries 6 marks
11. Draw the block diagram of a computer and explain its parts
12. Discuss about any two number systems used in computers
13. Write an algorithm and draw a flowchart for finding the simple
interest
14. Explain about the structure of a "C" program with an example.
15. Write a program to print the members of the fibonaci sequence
16. Write a program to check wether a given string is a palindrome or not.
17. Write short notes on the following :
a) Key board b) Switch ... case statement
22
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER-II
FIRST YEAR
SUBJECT : P.C.SOFTWARE TOOLS
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 50
Section - A
Note : (i) Answer all the Questions 10 x 2 = 20
(ii) Each Question carries 2 marks
1. Write briefly about the Control Panel.
2. What are the uses of short-cut keys?
3. Explain about the spell-check utility in Word.
4. What is the use of print-preview?
5. How many maximum rows and columns are there in Excel
Worksheet?
6. What are macros?
7. What is the use of Auto-Content Wizard in Power Point?
9. What is a database?
10. What are queries?

23
 Section - B
Note : (i) Answer any 5 Questions 5 x 6 = 30
(ii) Each Question carries 6 marks
11. Explain about GUI.
12. Explain about Mail-Merge utility in Word.
13. Explain about inserting a table in a document.
14. Write a procedure to sort a given column of values in Excel.
15. The following table displays the marks of 3 students in Maths,
Physics & Chemistry scored in an EAMCET examination. Draw
the below table in your answer sheet and write the formulas to
calculate the values in the blank boxes.
A B C D E F
1 Names Maths Physics Chemistry Average Best Average
2 Gandhi 60 45 57
3. Nehru 75 50 72
4. Tilak 68 49 55

16. Discuss with an example what is the use of "Query"in Access.

17. What is the use of Auto-Content Wizard?

24
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER-III
FIRST YEAR
SUBJECT : COMPUTER HARDWARE
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 50
Section - A
Note : (i) Answer all the Questions 10 x 2 = 20
(ii) Each Question carries 2 marks
1. Name the different components in a digital computer.
2. Expand SMPS.
3. Which type of Input is given to the SMPS?
4. What is CMOS?
5. Name the different types of ports in a computer.
6. What is USB?
7. Expand BIOS?
8. What is the difference between ROM and RAM?
9. What is cache memory?
10. What is a Boot sequnce?
Section - B
Note : (i) Answer any 5 Questions 5 x 6 = 30
(ii) Each Question carries 6 marks
11. Discuss the use of SMPS.
12. Write the procedure to install Windows?
13. Write the procedure to create partitions in Hard disks.
14. What is a virus? How can it can be removed from a computer?
15. What is data bus? Explain its use.
16. What is the procedure to set a password while the computer is
booting?
17. What is a modem? What is its use?

25
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER-I
IInd YEAR
SUBJECT : GRAPHICS & ANIMATION
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 50
Section - A
Note : (i) Answer all the Questions 10 x 2 = 20
(ii) Each Question carries 2 marks
1. What is the difference between interlaced and non-interlaced
Monitor?
2. What is panning?
3. What is a Meta File?
4. What is rendering?
5. What are the common resolution used for storing bitmap images?
6. What is a wireframe?
7. What is a color palette?
8. What is morphing?
9. What is lut animation?
10. What is meant by anti-aliasing?
Section - B
Note : (i) Answer any 5 Questions 5 x 6 = 30
(ii) Each Question carries 6 marks
11. List the differences between vector and bit mapped graphics?
12. What are the various spatial filtering operations on bit mapped
images ?
13. Explain the steps in 3D drawing and rendering.
14. What are the various techniques used to increase the range of
available colors on output device?
15. Outline the main similarities and differences between 2D and 3D
animation.
16. What are the main differences between painting and drawing
programs.
17. Explain the Key Frame animation?
26
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER-II
IInd YEAR
SUBJECT : MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 50
Section - A
Note : (i) Answer all the Questions 10 x 2 = 20
(ii) Each Question carries 2 marks
1. What is interactive multimedia?
2. What is frame grabber?
3. What are the true type fonts?
4. Write the formula to determine the file size in bytes for sterio.
5. List two authoring softwares for game appliances.
6. List the basic multimedia applications navigational structures.
7. What are internet multimedia playback tools?
8. What is point size?
9. What is frame rate of PAL standard?
10. What is palete flasing?
Section - B
Note : (i) Answer any 5 Questions 5 x 6 = 30
(ii) Each Question carries 6 marks
11. What are differnet teplates used in multimedia application
development. Give their purpose.
12. Explain how would you use five editing tools in a graphic
application such as adobe photoshop.
13. Explain the working of MIDI.
14. What are the basic functions of multimedia authoring tools?
15. Define the icons in the icon palette of authorware and explain how
they can be used?
16. What are the advantabges and disadvantages of distribution of
multiomedia through network.
17. Explain how do you integrate video into multimedia presentation?

27
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER-III
IInd YEAR
SUBJECT : INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES AND WEB DESIGNING
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 50
Section - A
Note : (i) Answer all the Questions 10 x 2 = 20
(ii) Each Question carries 2 marks
1. What is internet?
2. What is DNS?
3. Name any two ISP's in our country.
4. What is book mark?
5. Name any two popular search engines
6. Name any two popular web graphics formats
7. What is the function of ALIGN attribute of input tag?
8. Name any two popular HTML editors.
9. How doe you put style sheet top the HMTL documents?
10. How do you use eval function in Java script?
Section - B
Note : (i) Answer any 5 Questions 5 x 6 = 30
(ii) Each Question carries 6 marks
11. What are the different ways of connecting to the internet?
12. Explain the difference between attaching a file and inserting a file
in relation to an e-mail message.
13. Generate a HTML table that describes your class time-table
14. How events are handled in Java Script
15. How do you access a database using JSP/JDBC?
16. How do you create image Maps
17. Write short notes on
a) Classes of Internet address
b) Clor handling by CSS

28
 COURSE NAME : COMPUTER GRAPHICS & ANIMATION
EQUIVALENCY TABLE
st
(FOR I YEAR THEORY AND PRACTICALS)
New Pattern (Revised Curriculam) Theory
1. Computer Fundamentals & C Programming
2. PC Software Tools
3. Computer Hardware
(Practicals)
1. C-Programming
2. MS-Office
3. PC Hardward
Old Pattern (Restructed Curriculam)
Therory Equivalance from
revised Curriculam
1. Foundations of Computer Science
(CD, DS,OS, Networks) 2
2. Marketing and Advertisement No equivalence for
this paper
3. Computer programming 1
4. PC Software Tools
(Ms-Office, Windows-95 etc) 2
Practicals
1. Practical-1 3
2. Practical-2 2
3. Practical-3 3
4. Practical-4 2

29
 COURSE NAME : COMPUTER GRAPHICS & ANIMATION
EQUIVALENCY TABLE
nd
(FOR II YEAR THEORY & PRACTICALS)
New Pattern (Revised Curriculam)
Theory
1. Graphics & Animations
2. Multimedia Technologies
3. Internet Technologies & Web designing
Practicals
1. Graphics & Animation (Practical Paper-I)
2. Multimedia Technolgies (Practical Paper-II)
3. Internet Technologies (Practical Paper-III)

Old Pattern (Restructured Curriculam)

Theory Equilancy from
revised Curriculam
1. Visualization & Animation 1
2. Internet Technologies 3
3. Multimedia Technology & applications 2
4. TV & Film Technology
(Peripheral devices & Interfaces 2
Practicals
1. Practical-1 1
2. Practical-2 3
3. Practical-3 2
4. Practical-4 2

30
 11. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Mr. M. VENKAT DAS

Associate Professor
Dept. of Computer Science, College of Engineering
Osmania University, Hyderabad.

Mr. S. SRINIVASA RAO

Assistant Professor
Dept. of Computer Science, College of Engineering
Osmania University, Hyderabad.

Dr. V. SURENDER
Lecturer in Computer Science
Govt. Junior College for Boys,
Hanamkonda, Dist. Warangal.

Mr. T.V. KUMARA SWAMY

Project Manager
Hyderabad.

K. BHASKAR RAO M.Sc

Co-ordinator
State Institute of Vocational Education
Hyderabad.

31
32
VOCATIONALCURRICULUM-2005
(With effect from the AcademicYear 2005-2006)

Curriculum of IntermediateVocational Course

in
Computer
Graphics
& Animation

STATE INSTITUTE OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION &

BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION A.P.

Nampally, Hyderabad
33
34
 FOREWORD
The National Policy on Education (1986) while proposing
educational reorganization, placed high priority on the programme of
vocationalisation of education. It emphasized that well planned,
systematic and rigorously implemented vocational education will create
a distinct stream to prepare students for identified occupations
encompassing several areas of activity. The primary aim of vocational
courses was to cut across several occupational fields and prepare
students with employable skills in organized sectors and self
employment. Vocationalisation through re-orientation of educational
strategies focused on creating a talent pool of skilled youth who are
trained in courses relevant to the market and emerging needs of the
various sections of the economy.
Inspired by this vision of the National Policy, the Government of
Andhra Pradesh introduced Vocational Education at +2 level with an
aim to diversify a sizeable segment of students at the senior secondary
stage to the world of work. The State Government aimed at reducing
the pressures on higher education through empowering youth by
harnessing their capabilities. The requirement of skilled manpower
industry is being fulfilled by charting a student's career with right options
based on aptitude and talent. An right alternative to medical and
engineering courses is envisaged in vocationalisation of education in
the State.
In view of the changing needs of the students and growing demand
for a spectrum of skill competencies in the economy, the Board of
Intermediate Education has reviewed the curriculum of Vocational
Courses inorder to re-orient them based on their viability and practicability.
The revised curriculum for Vocational Courses at Intermediate Level
will come into effect from the Academic Year 2005-06 1st Year and from
Academic Year 2006-07 for 2nd Year students.
I am confident that the revised curriculum will attract more and
more students into vocational stream and help them train in need-based,
productive courses leading to gainful employment.

SHASHANK GOEL
Secretary, BIE 35
36
 CONTENTS

1. Introduction 1
2. Objectives of the course 1
3. Job Opportunities 1
4. Scheme of Instruction and
Examination 2
5. Syllabus 3
6. List of Equipment 18
7. a) Collaborating Institutions
for curriculum transaction 19
b) On Job Training Sites 19
8. Teaching Staff and their Qualification 20
9. Vertical Mobility 20
10. Model Question Papers 21
12. Equilency of Papers 30
13. List of Participants 31

37