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    Chemical Mediators of Inflammation

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    Mythily Vedhagiri
    Chemical mediators derived from plasma and cells are responsible for the events of inflammation. Plasma-derived mediators like components of the complement system increase vascular permeability and activate chemotaxis and opsonization. Activation of factor XII results in recruitment of the kinin, clotting, fibrinolytic, and complement systems. Cellular mediators include histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, and cytokines, which are released by mast cells, basophils, platelets, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and cause effects like vasodilation, vascular leakage, chemotaxis, pain, fever, and leukocyte activation.

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    Chemical Mediators of Inflammation

    Uploaded by

    Mythily Vedhagiri
    204 views2 pages
    Chemical mediators derived from plasma and cells are responsible for the events of inflammation. Plasma-derived mediators like components of the complement system increase vascular permeability and activate chemotaxis and opsonization. Activation of factor XII results in recruitment of the kinin, clotting, fibrinolytic, and complement systems. Cellular mediators include histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, and cytokines, which are released by mast cells, basophils, platelets, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and cause effects like vasodilation, vascular leakage, chemotaxis, pain, fever, and leukocyte activation.

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    Pathology

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    Chemical mediators derived from plasma and cells are responsible for the events of inflammation. Plasma-derived mediators like components of the complement system increase vascular permeability and activate chemotaxis and opsonization. Activation of factor XII results in recruitment of the kinin, clotting, fibrinolytic, and complement systems. Cellular mediators include histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, and cytokines, which are released by mast cells, basophils, platelets, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and cause effects like vasodilation, vascular leakage, chemotaxis, pain, fever, and leukocyte activation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    204 views2 pages

    Chemical Mediators of Inflammation

    Uploaded by

    Mythily Vedhagiri
    Chemical mediators derived from plasma and cells are responsible for the events of inflammation. Plasma-derived mediators like components of the complement system increase vascular permeability and activate chemotaxis and opsonization. Activation of factor XII results in recruitment of the kinin, clotting, fibrinolytic, and complement systems. Cellular mediators include histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, and cytokines, which are released by mast cells, basophils, platelets, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and cause effects like vasodilation, vascular leakage, chemotaxis, pain, fever, and leukocyte activation.

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    Chemical mediators of inflammation

    Chemical mediators account for the events of inflammation. Inflammation has the following sequence:
    Cell injury ---- Chemical mediators ----- Acute inflammation (i.e. the vascular & cellular events).
    Sources of mediators:
    The chemical meditors of inflammation can be derived from plasma or cells.
    a) Plasma-derived mediators:
    i) Complement activation
    􀂾 increases vascular permeability (C3a,C5a)
    􀂾 activates chemotaxis (C5a)
    􀂾 opsoninization (C3b,C3bi)
    ii) Factor XII (Hegman factor) activation
    Its activation results in recruitment of four systems: the kinin, the clotting, the fibrinolytic and the
    compliment systems.
    Cellular mediators Cells of origin Functions
    Mast cells,
    Histamine , basophiles Vascular leakage & platelets
    Serotonine Platelets Vascular leakage
    Lysosomal
    enzymes , Neutrophiles Bacterial & tissue destruction
    macrophages All leukocytes All leukocytes
    Prostaglandines All leukocytes Vasodilation, Pain and Fever
    LB4
    Chemoattractant LC4, LCD4, & LE4 Broncho
    Leukotriens All leukocytes and vasoconstriction
    Platlete activating
    factor All leukocytes Bronchoconstriction and WBC priming
    Activated oxygen
    species All leukocytes Endothelial and tissue damage
    Nitric oxide Macrophages Leukocyte activation
    Lymphocytes,
    Cytokines macrophages Leukocyte activation
    Histamine by mast cells -vasodilatation.
    Prostaglandins–Cause pain & fever.
    Bradykinin-Causes pain.

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