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    Layouts: Product & Process Layouts: Impact On Operations

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    SyedZadaAneeqArif
    Facility layouts impact production operations in several key ways: (1) Product layouts are best for mass production of standardized products and result in shorter cycle times but lack flexibility, (2) Process layouts require more space but allow for greater flexibility and production of multiple products simultaneously, (3) The type of layout chosen determines factors like specialization, cycle times, costs, and how changes in production are handled. Product layouts emphasize product specialization while process layouts emphasize process specialization.

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    Layouts: Product & Process Layouts: Impact On Operations

    Uploaded by

    SyedZadaAneeqArif
    30 views18 pages
    Facility layouts impact production operations in several key ways: (1) Product layouts are best for mass production of standardized products and result in shorter cycle times but lack flexibility, (2) Process layouts require more space but allow for greater flexibility and production of multiple products simultaneously, (3) The type of layout chosen determines factors like specialization, cycle times, costs, and how changes in production are handled. Product layouts emphasize product specialization while process layouts emphasize process specialization.

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    Facility layouts impact production operations in several key ways: (1) Product layouts are best for mass production of standardized products and result in shorter cycle times but lack flexibility, (2) Process layouts require more space but allow for greater flexibility and production of multiple products simultaneously, (3) The type of layout chosen determines factors like specialization, cycle times, costs, and how changes in production are handled. Product layouts emphasize product specialization while process layouts emphasize process specialization.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views18 pages

    Layouts: Product & Process Layouts: Impact On Operations

    Uploaded by

    SyedZadaAneeqArif
    Facility layouts impact production operations in several key ways: (1) Product layouts are best for mass production of standardized products and result in shorter cycle times but lack flexibility, (2) Process layouts require more space but allow for greater flexibility and production of multiple products simultaneously, (3) The type of layout chosen determines factors like specialization, cycle times, costs, and how changes in production are handled. Product layouts emphasize product specialization while process layouts emphasize process specialization.

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    of 18

    LAYOUTS

    PRODUCT & PROCESS


    LAYOUTS:
    IMPACT ON
    OPERATIONS

    Productions & Operations Management


    Facility Layout Definition
    ■ A facility layout is an arrangement of everything
    needed for production of goods or delivery of
    services. A facility is an entity that facilitates the
    performance of any job. It may be a machine tool, a
    work centre, a manufacturing cell, a machine shop,
    a department, a warehouse, etc. (Heragu, 1997).
    ■The layout design generally
    depends on the products variety
    and the production volumes. Four Quantity Product
    Layouts
    types of organization are referred Fixed
    to, namely fixed product layout, Position
    Layouts
    Mixed Layouts Process Layouts
    Number of Different Products
    process layout, product layout and
    cellular layout (Dilworth, 1996).
    Objectives of Plant Layout
    ■ The main objective consists of organizing equipment
    and working areas in the most efficient way, and at
    the same time satisfactory and safe for the personnel
    doing the work.
    ❑ Sense of Unity
    ■ The feeling of being a unit pursuing the same objective.
    ❑ Minimum Movement of people, material and
    resources.
    ❑ Safety
    ■ In the movement of materials and personnel work flow.
    ❑ Flexibility
    ■ In designing the plant layout taking into account the changes
    over short and medium terms in the production process and
    manufacturing volumes.
    Product Layouts
    2

    ◻ Part of the manufacturing process which


    allows for the repetitive assembly of highly
    standardized products.
    ◻ When a manufacturing operation utilized
    product layout, production work can be layout
    in a straight line
    with labor and equipment subdivided in a
    smooth line.

    Productions & Operations Management


    Example
    3

    ◻ Fora garment manufacturer,stations for


    sewing cloth, sewing on buttons, inspecting
    seams, wrapping finished garments and
    boxing them up would all be located within
    close proximity for an individual clothing item,
    allowing individual garments to pass from one
    station to another quickly.

    Productions & Operations Management


    Flow
    4

    Turning Milling Drilling


    Operations Machines Machines

    Package Inspection Assembly


    Dispatch

    Productions & Operations Management


    Advantages
    5

    ◻ Easy production
    ◻ Handling cost reduces
    ◻ Less in-process inventory
    ◻ Less supervision
    ◻ Efficient space utilization
    ◻ Higher productivity/Cycle time is short

    Productions & Operations Management


    Disadvantages
    6

    ◻ Expensive
    ◻ Breakdown(stops entire process if breaks
    down)
    ◻ Lack of flexibility
    ◻ Output quantity fixed, no alterations possible
    ◻ Specialized superiors not present

    Productions & Operations Management


    Impact on Operations
    7

    ◻ Mass production
    ◻ Heavy financial back-up
    ◻ Less employees(if no. of products are less)
    ◻ Cycle time less
    ◻ Product specialization

    Productions & Operations Management


    Process Layout
    8

    ◻ A process layout is a type of facility layout in


    which the floor plan is arranged with similar
    processes or machines located together.

    Productions & Operations Management


    Example
    9

    ◻ Again using the garment manufacturing


    example, a process layout would group
    multiple sewing stations together for different
    clothing items in one area, then locate
    inspection, wrapping and packaging stations
    for different items together in different areas.

    Productions & Operations Management


    Flow
    10

    Milling
    Inspection Assembly
    Machines

    Grinding &
    Welding Shipping
    Inspection

    Productions & Operations Management


    Advantages
    1
    1

    ◻ Capital investment lower


    ◻ Specialization
    ◻ Efficient utilization of production facility
    ◻ Effective supervision

    Productions & Operations Management


    Disadvantages
    12

    ◻ Complexity
    ◻ Greater floor area
    ◻ Larger stock of raw materials
    ◻ Handling cost increases

    Productions & Operations Management


    Impact on Operations
    13

    ◻ Possibility of change in the process


    ◻ Cost effective as space utilization
    ◻ Complexity
    ◻ Cycle time is more
    ◻ Process specialization

    Productions & Operations Management


    Difference
    14

    Product Layout Process Layout

    Multiple products can be produced


    Single product can be produced
    simultaneously

    Cycle time is less Cycle time is more

    Expensive Relatively cheaper

    Lower space requirements Higher space requirements

    Product specialization Process specialization

    Productions & Operations Management

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