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    The Islamia University of Bahawalpur: Lab Experiment # 13

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    Awais Ali
    This document describes a lab experiment on analyzing the performance of basic filters. It includes objectives to study elliptic filters and examples of designing low pass, band stop, high pass, and band pass elliptic filters. Code examples are provided to design the filters and plot their magnitude and phase responses. Low pass filters are defined as passing signals below a cutoff frequency, while high pass filters pass signals above a cutoff frequency. A task is included to design a 5th-order analog Butterworth low pass filter with a cutoff of 2 GHz.

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    The Islamia University of Bahawalpur: Lab Experiment # 13

    Uploaded by

    Awais Ali
    52 views6 pages
    This document describes a lab experiment on analyzing the performance of basic filters. It includes objectives to study elliptic filters and examples of designing low pass, band stop, high pass, and band pass elliptic filters. Code examples are provided to design the filters and plot their magnitude and phase responses. Low pass filters are defined as passing signals below a cutoff frequency, while high pass filters pass signals above a cutoff frequency. A task is included to design a 5th-order analog Butterworth low pass filter with a cutoff of 2 GHz.

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    This document describes a lab experiment on analyzing the performance of basic filters. It includes objectives to study elliptic filters and examples of designing low pass, band stop, high pass, and band pass elliptic filters. Code examples are provided to design the filters and plot their magnitude and phase responses. Low pass filters are defined as passing signals below a cutoff frequency, while high pass filters pass signals above a cutoff frequency. A task is included to design a 5th-order analog Butterworth low pass filter with a cutoff of 2 GHz.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    52 views6 pages

    The Islamia University of Bahawalpur: Lab Experiment # 13

    Uploaded by

    Awais Ali
    This document describes a lab experiment on analyzing the performance of basic filters. It includes objectives to study elliptic filters and examples of designing low pass, band stop, high pass, and band pass elliptic filters. Code examples are provided to design the filters and plot their magnitude and phase responses. Low pass filters are defined as passing signals below a cutoff frequency, while high pass filters pass signals above a cutoff frequency. A task is included to design a 5th-order analog Butterworth low pass filter with a cutoff of 2 GHz.

    Copyright:

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    of 6

    The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

    University College of Engineering &Technology


    Department of Electronic Engineering
    LAB MANUAL SIGNAL AND SYSTEMS EE-311 5thSemester

    LAB EXPERIMENT # 13
    Performance Analysis of Basic Filters

    Student Name: Abdul Rehman Roll No: 16ES08

    Lab Instructor Signatures: Date:

    OBJECTIVE:

    • To study the performance of basic filters


    • Elliptic filter

    Elliptic filter:

    Syntax:
    [b,a] = ellip(n,Rp,Rs,Wp)
    [b,a] = ellip(n,Rp,Rs,Wp,ftype)
    [z,p,k] = ellip(___)
    [A,B,C,D] = ellip(___)

    [b,a] = ellip(n,Rp,Rs,Wp) returns the transfer function coefficients of an nthorder


    lowpass digital elliptic filter with normalized passband edge frequency Wp. The resulting
    filter has Rp decibels of peak-to-peak passband ripple and Rs decibels of stopband
    attenuation down from the peak passband value.
    [b,a] = ellip(n,Rp,Rs,Wp,ftype) designs a lowpass, highpass, bandpass, or
    bandstop elliptic filter, depending on the value of ftype and the number of elements
    of Wp. The resulting bandpass and bandstop designs are of order 2n.

    1. Lowpass Elliptic Transfer Function

    Example: Design a 6th-order lowpass elliptic filter with 5 dB of passband ripple, 40 dB


    of stopband attenuation, and a passband edge frequency of 300 Hz, which, for data
    sampled at 1000 Hz, corresponds to 0.6 rad/sample. Plot its magnitude and phase
    responses. Use it to filter a 1000-sample random signal.

    1
    Code:
    >> [b,a] = ellip(6,5,40,0.6);
    freqz(b,a)

    dataIn = randn(1000,1);
    dataOut = filter(b,a,dataIn);
    >>
    Output:

    2. Bandstop Elliptic Filter

    Example: Design a 6th-order elliptic bandstop filter with normalized edge frequencies
    of 0.2 and 0.6 rad/sample, 5 dB of passband ripple, and 50 dB of stopband
    attenuation. Plot its magnitude and phase responses. Use it to filter random data.

    Code:
    [b,a] = ellip(3,5,50,[0.2 0.6],'stop');
    freqs(b,a)

    2
    Output:

    3. Highpass Elliptic Filter

    Example: Design a 6th-order highpass elliptic filter with a passband edge frequency
    of 300 Hz, which, for data sampled at 1000 Hz, corresponds to 0.6 rad/sample.
    Specify 3 dB of passband ripple and 50 dB of stopband attenuation. Plot the magnitude
    and phase responses. Convert the zeros, poles, and gain to second-order sections for
    use by fvtool.

    Code:
    [z,p,k] = ellip(6,3,50,300/500,'high');
    sos = zp2sos(z,p,k);
    fvtool(sos,'Analysis','freq')

    Output:

    3
    4. Bandpass Elliptic Filter

    Example: Design a 20th-order elliptic bandpass filter with a lower passband frequency of 500
    Hz and a higher passband frequency of 560 Hz. Specify a passband ripple of 3 dB, a stopband
    attenuation of 40 dB, and a sample rate of 1500 Hz. Use the state-space representation. Design
    an identical filter using designfilt.

    Code:
    >> [A,B,C,D] = ellip(10,3,40,[500 560]/750);
    d = designfilt('bandpassiir','FilterOrder',20, ...
    'PassbandFrequency1',500,'PassbandFrequency2',560, ...
    'PassbandRipple',3, ...
    'StopbandAttenuation1',40,'StopbandAttenuation2',40, ...
    'SampleRate',1500);
    sos = ss2sos(A,B,C,D);
    fvt = fvtool(sos,d,'Fs',1500);
    legend(fvt,'ellip','designfilt')
    >>

    Output:

    4
    Low Pass Filter:

     A low-pass filter is a filter that passes signals with a frequency lower than a certain
    cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies higher than the cutoff
    frequency. The amount of attenuation for each frequency depends on the filter
    design. The filter is sometimes called a highcut filter, or treble cut filter in audio
    applications.

    High Pass Filter:

    A high-pass filter is an electronic filter that passes signals with a frequency higher than a certain
    cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency. The
    amount of attenuation for each frequency depends on the filter design. The simple first-order
    electronic high-pass filter shown in Figure 1 is implemented by placing an input voltage across
    the series combination of a capacitor and a resistor and using the voltage across the resistor as
    an output. The product of the resistance and capacitance (R×C) is the time constant.

    5
    TASK

    Q) Design a 5th-order analog Butterworth lowpass filter with a cutoff frequency of 2 GHz.
    Multiply by to convert the frequency to radians per second. Compute the frequency response
    of the filter at 4096 points.

    Code:
    >> n = 5;
    f = 2e9;

    [zb,pb,kb] = butter(n,2*pi*f,'s');
    [bb,ab] = zp2tf(zb,pb,kb);
    [hb,wb] = freqs(bb,ab,4096);
    plot(wb/(2e9*pi),mag2db(abs(hb)))

    Output:

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