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Geosynthetic Clay Liners Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCL)

The document discusses geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), which are materials used for waterproofing that consist of a thin layer of bentonite clay between two geotextiles. The document describes the types and functions of GCLs, including their use in applications like landfill capping, ponds, and roadside protection. It also outlines tests used to evaluate GCLs and considerations for their proper installation and reasons for potential failure.

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Menalyn Ninon
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133 views

Geosynthetic Clay Liners Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCL)

The document discusses geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), which are materials used for waterproofing that consist of a thin layer of bentonite clay between two geotextiles. The document describes the types and functions of GCLs, including their use in applications like landfill capping, ponds, and roadside protection. It also outlines tests used to evaluate GCLs and considerations for their proper installation and reasons for potential failure.

Uploaded by

Menalyn Ninon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 10

GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS

Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCL)


– Very low- permeability material supported by geotextiles and /or geomembranes,
mechanically held together by needling, stitching.
– is type of geosynthetic that is specially used for water proofing of man-made lakes, land
yards, underground garages, building roof gardens, water tanks, oils depots, and chemical
pile yards.

Types of Clay Liners

1. Compacted clay liner

2. Geosynthetics clay liner


Geosynthetic clay liner aka (Clay Geosynthetic barrier GBR-C)

– Typically a thin layer of bentonite power between two geotextile


– Bentonite can be granular or powder (Na/Ca/Activated)
– The geotextiles can be woven or nonwovenpolmer
– Also coated geotextiles, and geomembrane / geofilm related types

Geosynthetic Clay Liners Function

 Impermeability/encapsulation
- Water (low permeability k ∼ 𝑥. 10−11 𝑚/𝑠)
- castight (if saturated)
- caption exchange capacity and sorption capacity

GCL Application

 Ground water protection: roads, railways, chemical storage areas, waste treatment areas
etc.
 Landfill capping
 Mine tailing
 Ponds for storm water, waste liquids
 Water pressure wall
Roadside protection

Landfill capping
Bentonite
 A distinct type of fine-grained clay soil typically containing not less than 80%
montmorillonite clay, usually characterized by high swelling upon wetting.

Test of geosynthetic clay liner

Reference
Number Test Property Description of Test

ASTM Moisture content, A moist GCL specimen is placed in a suitable


D4643 Water content container and its mass is determined. It is then
placed in a microwave oven, subjected to an
interval of drying, and removed from the oven
and its new mass is determined. This procedure
is repeated until the mass becomes nearly
constant.
ASTM Mass per unit area The mass per unit area is determined by
D5993 weighing (oven-dried) specimens of known
initial size after drying in an oven over a
sufficient time period to remove the moisture
from the GCL. The mass per unit area of the
clay component of the GCL can be estimated by
subtracting the manufacturers reported nominal
mass per unit area of the synthetic component(s)
from the total GCL mass per unit area.
ASTM Tensile strength A 4 inch wide specimen is gripped across its
D6768 entire width in the clamps of a constant rate of
extension (CRE) type tensile testing machine
and pulled at 12 inches per minute until the
specimen ruptures.
ASTM Bonding peel strength The top and bottom layers of a geosynthetic
D6496 clay liner are gripped individually in tensile
grips and pulled at a constant rate of extension
by a tensile testing machine until the top and
bottom layers of the specimen separate. The
average bonding peel strength of the test
specimen can be calculated from machine
scales, dials, recording charts or an interface
computer.

Proposal for installation

 Certification for
- road side protection
- landfill capping (both slope <1;3 and
flatter areas)
- clean water ponds
 Education for installers
- including the safety issues

Reason for failure/ mis-function

 Mistakes in installation: wrinkles, too small overlapping, shrinkage


 Inadequate cover and protection layer
 Too steep slope
 Erosion
Videos of Geosynthetic Clay Liner

ELCOSEAL®_Geosynthetic_Clay_Liner_Installation_Procedures.mp4 (Command Line)

Geosynthetic_Clay_Liner,_GCL.mp4 (Command Line)

References:

https://www.geocomp.com/GeoTesting/Lab_Services_Geosynthetics_clay_liner
https://www.slideshare.net/srujanirulzzworld/use-of-geo-synthetic-clay-liners-in-waste
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/geosynthetic_clay_liner Youtubes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sj9YDCtCzws

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