PERIOD SOCIO-CULTURAL CONDITION MEDIUM AND ARTISTIC STYLE SIBJECT MATTER ARTWORK AND

MATERIALS ARTIST
AVAILABLE
GREEK: best known for its schematic flat marbles Pelos type Female idols
a. Cycladic female idols carved for religious Plastiras type
period purposes Louros type
b. Minoan large and elaborate palaces, Marbles Painting > love of animal,
Period some of which were up to four Precious metals Jewelry sea, and plant life
stories high, featured elaborate Metal vessels >the wall paintings
plumbing systems and were of palaces where
decorated with frescoes
rulers were
depicted in their
religious function,
c. Mycenaean War time Wood Terracotta For protection
civilization Marble sculpture To glorify the rulers
Precious stone fresco
d. Archaic Artistic development Wood pottery For myth gods
period Marble
Precious stone
e. Classical The art of the Classical Greek Wood Painting Depicting human in
style is characterized by a Marble Jewelry its naturalistic
ANCIENT
joyous freedom of movement Precious stone Metal vessels approach
and freedom of expression. It Parthenon
celebrates mankind as an
independent entity.
f. Hellenistic Instead of depicting ideals such Wood Painting Humane themes
as logic and suppressed emotion Marble Jewelry such as childhood,
or perfect beauty, the artists Precious stone Metal vessels old age, ugliness,
explore reality. For instance, Parthenon and suffering are
“the Boxer” shows the boxer’s now of interest and
bleeding knuckles after the are treated with
fight. great exuberance
and pathos. The
Laocoon is the
epitome of this
style.
ROMAN: They are like Roman historical Wood Painting Roman’s chronic
accounts made in stone, Marble Jewelry reliefs were carried
containing significant Precious stone Metal vessels out in order to
 information on many aspects decorate the walls
relating to the social, religious, of monuments and
political, military, cultural and sarcophaguses, they
economic life of this city and the meticulously
regions they conquered. captured as well
important historical
and
commemorative
dealings in Roman’s
daily lives.
Medieval EARLY The choices made by women in Wood Mosaic Art subjects were
the patriarchal society of High Marble Religious relics almost always the
Medieval Europe illustrate the Precious stone Painting holy family and the
new and increased variety of Glass Religious art saints, but
social classes. Women's roles paint sometimes
usually were defined in relation paintings and
to men, with marriage and sculptures depicted
childbearing as women’s main war themes or
social and political functions. animals and nature.
There were some
regional influences,
with the most
striking being the
Islamic culture with
its mosaics,
sculpted arches and
Middle Eastern
rugs.
BYZANTINE Byzantine society was very Wood Mosaic Byzantine art was
religious, and it held certain Marble Sculpture of saints almost entirely
values in high esteem, including Precious stone Metal work concerned with
a respect for order and paint Jewelry making religious
traditional hierarchies. Family expression;
was at the center of society, and specifically with the
marriage, chastity, and celibacy translation of
were celebrated and respected. church theology
into artistic terms
ROMANESQUE The choices made by women in golden ornaments Mosaic the Romanesque
the patriarchal society of High Wood Sculpture of saints style is
Medieval Europe illustrate the Marble Metal work characterized by a
 new and increased variety of Precious stone Jewelry making massiveness of
social classes. Women's roles paint Ivory carving scale, reflecting the
usually were defined in relation greater social
to men, with marriage and stability of the new
childbearing as women’s main Millennium, and the
social and political functions. growing confidence
of the Christian
Church in Rome, a
Church whose
expansionism set in
motion the
Crusades to free the
Holy Land from the
grip of Islam.
GOTHIC the previous Romanesque idiom Wood he illuminated Master Honore
were replaced by a new focus Marble manuscripts in the (fl.1288-1300)
on line. And its soaring arches Precious stone Gothic period - Cimabue (Cenni di
and buttresses permitted the Glass continued the Peppi) (1240-1302)
opening up of walls for paint custom to combine - Duccio di
unprecedently huge windows of the colorful Buoninsegna
stained glass filled with paintings with texts (c.1255-1319)
beautifully inspirational to contribute to its - Giotto di Bondone
translucent images of Biblical understanding and (1267-1337)
art, far surpassing anything that better illustrate the - Simone Martini
wall painting or mosaic art had stories narrated. (1285-1344)
to offer. Although in the - Pietro Lorenzetti
Gothic art, being exclusively majority of those (fl.1320-45)
religious art, lent powerful manuscripts these - Ambrogio
tangible weight to the growing paintings are Lorenzetti (fl.1319-
power of the Church in Rome. anonymous others 48)
This not only inspired the public, have some discrete
as well as its secular leaders but identification of the
also it firmly established the Illustrator who
connection between religion made them.
and art, which was one of the
foundations of the Italian
Renaissance
RENAISANCE EARLY The new “Cult of Fame” helps Nude painting This art answer Filipo Brunelleschi.
them to have a large clientele effectively to the (1377-1446) and
that wants to be immortalized bourgeois society Tommaso di Ser
 in pictures or sculptures or who needs, who was Giovanni di Simone:
want to show their respects for seeking to surround (Masaccio)
the prominent successful themselves with
figures. comfort, and with
Mannerism coincides with the means to express its
period of the crisis of refinement and
Christianity and the fighting in power as already
Europe against the Muslim established
invaders. successful class.
HIGH troublemaker named Martin That said, they (the
Luther had been stirring things Mannerist artists)
up in Germany, and the spread almost seemed
of his radical preaching was determined to use
causing many to question the their powers for
authority of the Church. The evil. Where High
Church, of course, found this Renaissance art was
absolutely intolerable. Its natural, graceful,
response to the Reformation balanced and
was to launch the Counter harmonious, the art
Reformation, a joyless, of Mannerism was
restrictive authoritative quite different.
movement which had a zero While technically
tolerance policy toward masterful,
Renaissance innovations Mannerist
(among many, many other compositions were
things). full of clashing
colors, disquieting
figures with
abnormally
elongated limbs,
(often torturous-
looking) emotion
and bizarre themes
that combined
Classicism,
Christianity, and
mythology.
MODERN Academic Art Artists should use 'idealized' Great importance
rather than 'overly realistic' was placed upon
forms; thus realism - in faces, the 'message' of the
 bodies, or details of scenes, was painting, which
discouraged. I should be
appropriately
"uplifting" and have
a high moral
content. This
principle was the
basis for the official
"Hierarchy of the
Genres", a ranking
system first
announced in 1669,
by the Secretary to
the French
Academy. The
genres were listed
in the following
order of
importance: (1)
History Painting; (2)
Portrait art; (3)
Genre Painting; (4)
Landscapes; (5) Still
Life Painting. values.
CONTEMPORARY These are the movements to Abstract Contemporary
ART create dynamic pieces that aim Expressionism artists use their
to challenge the viewer and Computer Art masterpieces to
spark thought. Conceptual Art comment on
Kinetic Art cultural, political,
Minimalism and global issues,
Performance Art including race,
Pop ArtVideo Art feminism, human
rights, civil, rights,
gender equality,
wars, economic
inequality, and
global conflicts.
 As the world
continues to change
and impact human
life on a large scale,
art continues to
experiment with
new ways of
reaching its
audience.

POST ostmodernism overturned the