Broad Niche: Wide Range of Tolerance (In

What is Biodiversity? Why is it important?
Generalist species
The Biodiversity found in genes, species, Broad niche: wide range of tolerance (in
ecosystems, , and ecosystem processes is vital to terms of the way that food consumption is for each).
sustaining life on earth.
Specialist species
How does the earth's life change over time? Narrow niche: narrow range of tolerance compared
The scientific theory of evolution explains to a generalist..
how life on earth changes over time through
changes in the genes of populations. Populations 5 different roles in an ecosystem
evolve when genes mutate and give some Native, non – native, indicator, keystone,
individuals genetic traits that enhance their abilities foundation
to survive and to produce offspring with these traits
(natural selection) What is a non - native species?
An invasive species
What is natural selection?
Populations evolve when genes mutate and Example of a nonnative species
give some individuals genetic traits that enhance Species brought in by ships/bottom of ships
their abilities to survive and to produce offspring
with these traits Indicator species
A species that tells you that something is
How do geological processes and climate about the environment (good or bad).
change affect evolution?
Tectonic plate movements, volcanic Keystone species
eruptions, earthquakes, and climate change have A group of species that are dependent on a
shifted wildlife habits, wiped out large numbers of particular species.
species, and created opportunities for the evolution
of new species Examples of an indicator species
Trout, Birds, Dragonflies/Butterflies,
How do speciation, extinction, and human Amphibians, Salamanders, red-backed amphibians
activities affect biodiversity? and Frogs
As environmental conditions change, the
balance between the formation of new species and Why amphibians would be indicator species
the extinction of existing species determines the Because of the pH change in soils and
earth's biodiversity. Human activities are decreasing because of acid rain
biodiversity by causing the extinction of many
species and by destroying or degrading habitats Keystone species
needed for the development of new species Roles that have a large effect on the types &
abundances of other species, pollinators and top
Species diversity &why is it important predators (like the American alligator)
Species diversity is a major component of
biodiversity and tends to increase the sustainability Foundation species
of some ecosystems. Species that create or enhance their
habitats, which benefit others, elephants and
Roles species play in an ecosystem beavers (drastic change in habitats)
Each species plays a specific ecological role
called its niche. Any given species may play one or Example of Biological Evolution
two more of five important roles -native, nonnative, Sloths are observable genetically in
indicator, keystone, or foundation -in a particular changing with populations over time when it comes
ecosystem.. to fossils
Ecological niche In Biological Taxonomy, what is the theory and

A pattern of living/role in the ecosystem. practice of classifying organisms?
Everything that affects survival and reproduction Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Class, Family,
(water, space, sunlight, food, temperatures) Genus, Species
What is the epithet of the word Homosapiens? Generalist Species
SAPIENS Species with a broad ecological niche
What is the genus of the word Homosapiens? Specialist Species

Homo Species with a narrow ecological niche
What is an important aspect about Biological Native Species

Taxonomy? Species that have naturally evolved in the
It views relationships of everything around area
the world.
Nonnative Species
Why is Charles Darwin important? Species that are moved to a ecosystem (by
He was a large contributor to Natural accident or by migration)
Selection
Exotic Species
What is Darwinian Evolution? Species that are unintentionally moved to a
Natural Selection and Adaptation ecosystem
In terms of Darwinian Evolution, what is natural Alien Species

selection? Exotic species
Individuals with certain traits are more likely
to survive & reproduce (fitness) under a certain set Indicator Species
of environmental conditions. Species that can be used as warnings to tell
the growth/decay of a ecosystem
In terms of Darwinian Evolution, what is
adaptation? Keystone Species
Leads to differential reproduction A species that influences the survival of
other species.
What are some examples of Non-Darwinian
Evolution? Competition
Genetic Mutation, Gene Flow and Genetic Organisms fighting each other over
Drift biotic/abiotic factors in an environment
What is Genetic Mutation? Ecology

Random changes in DNA molecules The study of interactions among organisms
What is gene flow? Organism

Occurs when individuals immigrate into or An animal, plant, or single-called life form
emigrate from a population. Allele frequencies may
change when gene flow occurs. Population
A group of organisms of the same species in
What is Genetic Drift do? an area
Causes allele frequencies to change
randomly. Antiquities Act
An act in order to prevent the looting of
Limiting Factor archaeological and Native American items and
Environmental conditions that limit the structures
growth of a species
Interspecific competition
Coevolution competition between members of different
When 2 species influence each other during species
evolution
predation
An interaction in which one organism kills
another for food.
parasitism
A relationship between two organisms of
different species where one benefits and the other
is harmed
mutualism
A relationship between two species in which
both species benefit
commensalism
A relationship between two organisms of
different species where one benefits and the other
is neither harmed nor benefited
Resource partitioning
The division of environmental resources by
coexisting species such that the niche of each
species differs by one or more significant factors
from the niches of all coexisting species
Predator
An animal that hunts other animals for food
Prey
An organism that is killed and eaten by
another organism
Camouflage
The hiding of something as a result of its
appearance
Coevolution
Process by which two species evolve in
response to changes in each other
Ecological succession
gradual change in living communities that
follows a disturbance
Primary ecological succession
involves the gradual establishment of biotic
communities in lifeless areas where there is no soil
in a terrestrial ecosystem or no bottom sediment in
an aquatic one. Ex.: on a newly formed island.
Secondary ecological succession

ecological succession in an area in which
which natural vegetation has been removed or
destroyed but the soil or bottom sediment has not
been destroyed.
Symbiosis
a relationship in which two different
organisms live in close association with each other

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What is Biodiversity? Why is it important?

Ecological niche In Biological Taxonomy, what is the theory and

What is the genus of the word Homosapiens? Specialist Species

What is an important aspect about Biological Native Species

In terms of Darwinian Evolution, what is natural Alien Species

What is Genetic Mutation? Ecology

What is gene flow? Organism

Secondary ecological succession

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