Project: M/s Marvellous Esteem Development Sdn Bhd

Subject: Sizing of detention storage by OSD (on site detention)

Date: 9. Apr. 2019

Reference Calculation Output Unit

(A) determine storage volume required

Select storage type to be used within the site = below ground OSD

1)Determine the area of the site that will be directed to OSD system

Catchment area = 3568 m.2

2)Determine the amount of impervious & pervious area at site

a) impervious area (building, infra & road) = 1180.3 m.2

b) pervious area (lawn, garden & open space) = 2387.7 m.2

3)Determine the design storm criteria

Table 4.1 System design storm (ARI) = 2 year

= 10 year

4)Determine the time of concentration, tcs and tc

Cl. 14.4.3 tc = Fc.L/(A 1/10 .S 1/5) = 17 Min.

Eqn. 14.6 Where Fc= Conversion factor 58.5

58.5 when area is in km2
92.5 when area is in ha
L = Length of flow path from catchment 0.195 km.
divide to outlet (km)
A = Catchment area (km2 or ha) 0.0036 km.2
S = Slope of stream flow path (m/km) 2.22

Cl. 14.4.1 tcs = to + td = 11 Min.

Cl. 14.4.2 Overland flow time, to =(107.n.L1/3)/S1/2 = 9 Min.

Eqn. 14.1
Where n.= Manning's roughness coefficient 0.011
L = Overland sheet flow path length (m) 50 m. (typ.)
S = Slope of overland surface (%) 0.22 %

Open channel flow time, td = L/v = 2 Min.

Where L= Length of open channel (m) = 145 m.

Cl. 14.4.2 v. = Average velocity= (R2/3.S1/2)/n 1.16 m/s.
Eqn. 14.4a S= Friction of slope (m/m) = 0.00
R= Hydraulic radius of open channel (m) 0.14

Assumption of open channel size :-

B = Breadth = 0.45
D = Depth = 0.75
Reference Calculation Output Unit

5)Calculate the pre & post-development flows

The minor drainage system that the OSD storage will discharge
Into has been designed for a 2 year ARI capacity.

For Penang,
App. 13.A ARI Coefficients of the IDF polynomial Equation
Table 13A1 (year) a. b. c. d.
2 4.5140 0.6729 -0.2311 0.0118

i(a) Rainfall Intensity for pre-development

Cl. 13.2.6 Ln( R I t ) = a + b In(t) + c(In(t))2 + d(In(t))3

Eqn. 13.2
where, RIt = The average rainfall intensity (mm/hr)
For ARI and duration t
R = Average return interval (years)
t = Duration (minutes)

Consideration duration t, = 30 Min.

Ln 2I 30 = 4.59
2I 30 = 98.84 mm/hr
= 49.42 mm.

Consideration duration t, 60 Min.

Ln2I60 = 4.20
2I60 = 67.01 mm/hr
= 67.01 mm.

Eq. 13.3 The design rainfall depth Pd for a short duration d (minutes):

Pd = P30 – FD(P60-P30) (for duration d<30 min)

Where: P30 = 30-minute duration 49.42

P60 = 60-minute duration 67.01
FD = Adjustment factor for storm duration 0.542

Hence, for duration d = tc 17 Min.

Pd = 39.89 mm.
Pd = (convert to rainfall intensity) 140.21 mm/hr
Reference Calculation Output Unit

App. 13.A Coefficients

ARI of the IDF polynomial Equation
Table 13A1 (year) a. b. c. d.
10 3.7277 1.4393 -0.4023 0.0241

1(b) Rainfall Intensity for post-development

Cl. 13.2.6 Ln( R I t ) = a + b In(t) + c(In(t))2 + d(In(t))3

Eqn. 13.2
where, RIt = The average rainfall intensity (mm/hr)
For ARI and duration t
R = Average return interval (years)
t = Duration (minutes)

Consideration duration t, = 30 Min.

Ln 2I 30 = 4.92
2I 30 = 136.65 mm/hr
= 68.32 mm.

Consideration duration t, 60 Min.

Ln2I60 = 4.53
2I60 = 92.83 mm/hr
= 92.83 mm.

Eq. 13.3 The design rainfall depth Pd for a short duration d (minutes):

Pd = P30 – FD(P60-P30) (for duration d<30 min)

Where: P30 = 30-minute duration 68.32

P60 = 60-minute duration 92.83
FD = Adjustment factor for storm duration 0.962

Hence, for duration d = tc 11 Min.

Pd = 44.75 mm.
Pd = (convert to rainfall intensity) 237.99 mm/hr

ii) pre & post-development flow

Cl. 14.5.1 Q = C.I.A/360

Eqn. 14.7
Q = design discharge (m 3/s)
App. 14.A C = dimensionless runoff coefficient
C14.3 & 14.4 I= Average rainfall intensity over time of
Concentration (mm/hr)
A = Drainage area (ha)
Reference Calculation Output Unit

Impervious area Pervious area

Development
C A (m2) C A (m2) SCA Q (m3/s)
Design chart Pre - - 0.4 3568 1427.20 0.06
14.3 Post 0.90 1180 0.4 2388 2017.35 0.13

Where I pre = Pre-development average rainfall intensity 140.21 mm/hr

I post = Post-development average rainfall intensity 237.99 mm/hr

Q post development > Q pre development,OSD storage required

6)Determine the required PSD

Eq. 19.1 From above tc = 17 min

with Eq. 19.1a tsc = 11 min
& 19.1b
For below-ground storage,

PSD(2) = [a.-(a^2-4b)^0.5]/2 = 0.06 m3/s

= 64.50 l/s

where, a = (8.548Qa/tc)*[(0.333*tc*Qp/Qa)+(0.35*tc)+(0.65*tcs) 1.05

b = 8.548*Qa*Qp 0.06

6) Determine the required SSR

The site discharge for the storage design storm (10 year ARI) & the
corresponding SSR is calculated for a range of duration to determine
the SSR maximum.

Eq. 19.2 SSR= 0.06*td*(Qd-c-d)

For below-ground storage,

Eq. 19.2a c.= 0.675*PSD*[1-(0.392*PSD/Qd)]
Eq.19.2b d.= 0.117*(PSD)^2/Qd

Impervious area Pervious area

td (min) I (mm/hr)
C A (m2) C A (m2) SCA Qd (m3/s)
5 305.19 0.9 1180.30 0.78 2387.70 2924.68 0.25
10 262.89 0.9 1180.30 0.72 2387.70 2781.41 0.20
15 207.61 0.9 1180.30 0.64 2387.70 2590.40 0.15
20 176.30 0.9 1180.30 0.59 2387.70 2471.01 0.12
25 152.51 0.9 1180.30 0.55 2387.70 2375.51 0.10
30 136.65 0.9 1180.30 0.52 2387.70 2303.87 0.09
35 126.81 0.9 1180.30 0.48 2387.70 2208.37 0.08
40 118.21 0.9 1180.30 0.47 2387.70 2184.49 0.07
45 110.65 0.9 1180.30 0.45 2387.70 2136.74 0.07
50 104.00 0.9 1180.30 0.27 2387.70 1706.95 0.05
55 98.09 0.9 1180.30 0.26 2387.70 1683.07 0.05
Reference Calculation Output Unit

td (min) Qd(l/s) PSD(l/s) c d SSR (m3)

5 247.94 64.50 39.10 1.96 62.06
10 203.11 64.50 38.12 2.40 97.56
15 149.39 64.50 36.17 3.26 98.97
20 121.01 64.50 34.44 4.02 99.06
25 100.63 64.50 32.60 4.84 94.80
30 87.45 64.50 30.95 5.57 91.68
35 77.79 64.50 29.39 6.26 88.51
40 71.73 64.50 28.19 6.79 88.21
45 65.68 64.50 26.78 7.41 85.02
50 49.31 64.50 21.21 9.87 54.68
55 45.86 64.50 19.53 10.61 51.85

From above table, maximum SSR = 99.06 m.3

With safety factor 1.1, ultimate SSR = 108.96 m.3

iii)Determine the OSD Size

Proposed OSD size, Area = 110 m.2

Depth = 1 m.
Volume = 110 m3

provided OSD storage size> required size, OK

(B) Sizing the orifice

eq. 19.3 The required orifice size under free outlet condition
D= [4*Ao/P ]^0.5 = 206 mm.

where, Ao= PSD/[Cd*(2*g*Ho)^0.5 ] = 0.03 m.2

PSD= Orifice flow rate = 0.06 m3./s
Cd= Orifice discharge coefficient = 0.62 m.
g.= Accelaration due to gravity = 9.81 m./s
Ho= Effective head on the orifice measured 0.5 m.
From the centroid of opening

Therefore, to provide orifice with diameter = 200 mm.

(1: 450 )
Determine The Rain Fall Intensity (I)
Location: Penang
ARI (year) 10 10 10 10 10
a 3.7277 3.7277 3.7277 3.7277 3.7277
b 1.4393 1.4393 1.4393 1.4393 1.4393
c -0.4023 -0.4023 -0.4023 -0.4023 -0.4023
d 0.0241 0.0241 0.0241 0.0241 0.0241
T1 30 30 30 30 30
Ln I 30 4.92 4.92 4.92 4.92 4.92
I 30 (mm/hr) 136.65 136.65 136.65 136.65 136.65
I 30 (mm) 68.32 68.32 68.32 68.32 68.32
T2 60 60 60 60 60
Ln I60 4.53 4.53 4.53 4.53 4.53
I60 (mm/hr) 92.83 92.83 92.83 92.83 92.83
I60 (mm) 92.83 92.83 92.83 92.83 92.83
Td 5 10 15 20 25
P30 68.32 68.32 68.32 68.32 68.32
P60 92.83 92.83 92.83 92.83 92.83
FD 1.75 1 0.67 0.39 0.195
Pd(mm) 25.43 43.81 51.90 58.77 63.54
Pd(mm/hr) 305.19 262.89 207.61 176.30 152.51
ARI (year) 10 10 10 10 10
a 3.7277 3.7277 3.7277 3.7277 3.7277
b 1.4393 1.4393 1.4393 1.4393 1.4393
c -0.4023 -0.4023 -0.4023 -0.4023 -0.4023
d 0.0241 0.0241 0.0241 0.0241 0.0241
T1 35 40 45 50 55
Ln I t 4.84 4.77 4.71 4.64 4.59
I t (mm/hr) 126.81 118.21 110.65 104.00 98.09
 10
3.7277
1.4393
-0.4023
0.0241
30
4.92
136.65
68.32
60
4.53
92.83
92.83
30
68.32
92.83
0
68.32
136.65
Date : Apr 9, 2019