Diuretics Pharmacology 79 88

DIURETICS
1. With examples, mention the primary sites of action of the epithelial Na+ channel
inhibitors.
2. Mention the drug of choice for Li-induced Diabetes Insipidus. Give reason(s) for your
answer.
3. Justify the statement, ”Resistance to loop diuretics can be reversed by the addition
of thiazides, and resistance to the latter can be decreased by adding K+ sparing
diuretics.”
4. Why is the combination of Furosemide & Spironolactone considered as the drug
therapy for a patient bought with brisk diuresis along with hepatic cirrhosis?
5. Methazolamide is a –
a) Competitive & reversible inhibitor of CA
b) Non-competitive & reversible inhibitor of CA
c) Competitive & irreversible inhibitor of CA
d) Non-competitive & irreversible inhibitor of CA
6. The most useful diuretic in the treatment of recurrent renal calcium stones is –
a) Furosemide
b) Spironolactone
c) Hydrochlorothiazide
d) Acetazolamide
1. Which of the following is a K+ losing diuretic?

a) Amiloride
b) Conivaptan
c) Triamterene
d) Hydrochlorothiazide
2. Which drug functions at the PCT?

a) Furosemide
b) Spironolactone
c) Hydrochlorothiazide
d) Mannitol
3. Which drug blocks the Na+/K+/Cl- transporter?

a) Spironolactone
b) Mannitol
c) Conivaptan
d) Furosemide
4. Which drug increases the risk of Li+ and digoxin toxicity?

a) Furosemide
b) Hydrochlorothiazide
c) Mannitol
d) Spironolactone
5. Which of the following is NOT a loop diuretic?

a) Torsemide
b) Ethacrynic acid
c) Bumetanide
d) None of these
1. Primary site of action of thiazide diuretics in the nephron is:

a) proximal tubule
b) loop of Henle
c) distal tubule
d) descending limb of Henle
2. One among the following is not an osmotic diuretics :

a) urea nitrite
b) glycerol
c) mannitol
d) isosorbide
3. Class of acetazolamide is :
a) carbonic anhydrous inhibitors
b) osmotic diuretics
c) loop diuretics
d) none of these
4. Mechanism of action of metazolamide is :

a) inhibits Na-cl transporter
b) inhibits Na-K-2Cl transporter
c) inhibits carbonic anhydrase
d) osmotic diuretics
5. Example of potassium sparing diuretics is/are:

a) furosemide
b) acetazolamide
c) spironolactone
d) chlorthiazide
6. Site of action of loop diuretics :

a) Ascending loop of Henle
b)distal tubule
c) proximal tubule
d) collecting duct
1. A 62 year old African-American man who has had poorly controlled hypertension for
the past 10 years, and now presents with signs of ankle edema, a low GFR and a serum
creatinine of 2.5 mg/dL. The most effective drug for producing a diuresis and fall in blood
pressure in the man is:
a. Amlodipine
b. Furosemide
c. Hydrochlorothiazide
d. Losartan
e. Ramipril
2. A drug with modest antihypertensive effects that is often reserved for use in patients
that develop hypokalemia in response to taking another more potent diuretic-
a. Ethacrynic acid
b. Furosemide
d. Indapamide
e. Triamterene
3. Reduces mortality by ~30% in patients with heart failure & LV dysfunction that
develops after a myocardial infarction-
a. Amlodipine
b. Furosemide
c. Mannitol
d. Spironolactone
e. Amilioride
4. A 60 year old male hypertensive patient who had an MI a year ago is now showing
signs of CHF. Doctor therefore add spironolactone to his drug regimen. What side effect
should doctor warn him about?
a. Gynecomastia
b. Lupus
c. Hypokalemia
d. Ototoxicity
e. Uricemia
5. A 62 year old woman who is diagnosed with hypercalcemia related to a parathyroid
hormone secreting tumor. Other than cancer chemotherapy, a temporary treatment for her
hypercalcemia could include administration of-
a. Acetazolamide
b. Furosemide
d. Spironolactone
6. A drug that acts on the proximal tubule, has a relatively low efficacy in blocking the
reabsorption of Na, but is useful in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a prophylactic to
prevent acute mountain sickness:
a. Acetazolamide
b. Hydrochlorothiazide
c. Ethacrynic acid
d. Furosemide
e. Triamterene
7. One of the most powerful "high ceiling" diuretics that has a short duration of action,
inhibits the Na/K/Cl transporter, and can block reabsorption of up to 30% of filtered sodium:
a. Acetazolamide
c. Ethacrynic acid
d. Spironolactone
e. Triamterene
8. Acts on the collecting duct and can block reabsorption of only 3% of filtered sodium-
a. Acetazolamide
c. Ethacrynic acid
d. Mannitol
e. Triamterene
9. A short acting diuretic that has side effects that include hypokalemic metabolic
alkalosis & reversible ototoxicity-
a. Acetazolamide
b. Chlorothiazide
c. Furosemide
d. Spironolactone
e. Triamterene
10. A diuretic used for treatment of hypertension & heart failure that can decrease
glucose tolerance, produce hypokalemia (in high doses), aggrevate gout by interfering with
uric acid secretion, and produce a small rise in LDL-
a. Amiloride
b. Furosemide
d. Mannitol
1. Which drug works more quickly and why? Spironolactone or Triamterene?

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What are the primary sites of action of different classes of diuretics?

What are some examples of loop, thiazide, and potassium sparing diuretics?

DIURETICS

1. Which of the following is a K+ losing diuretic?

2. Which drug functions at the PCT?

3. Which drug blocks the Na+/K+/Cl- transporter?

4. Which drug increases the risk of Li+ and digoxin toxicity?

5. Which of the following is NOT a loop diuretic?

1. Primary site of action of thiazide diuretics in the nephron is:

2. One among the following is not an osmotic diuretics :

4. Mechanism of action of metazolamide is :

5. Example of potassium sparing diuretics is/are:

6. Site of action of loop diuretics :

1. Which drug works more quickly and why? Spironolactone or Triamterene?

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