General Intelligence &

Reasoning - Syllogism

Syllogism Questions, Answers & Explanation

EXERCISE Conclusions:
I. No road is man.
DIRECTIONS (Qs. I): In each of the questions below II. No road is sky.
are given three statements followed by four II. Some skies are men.
conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to IV. All roads are men.
take the given statements to be true even if they seem (a) None follows
to be at variance with commonly know facts. Read all (b) Only I follows
the conclusions and then decide which of the given (c) Only I and III follow
conclusions logically follows from the given statement (d) None of these
disregarding commonly known facts.
1. Statements:
Some boxes are trees.
Some trees are horses. 1. Statement:
All horses are fruits. All windows are doors.
Conclusions: No door is a lock.
I. Some fruits are boxes. Some locks are keys.
II. Some fruits are trees. Conclusions:
III. Some horses are boxes I. Some locks are doors.
IV. No fruits are boxes. II. Some locks are not doors.
(a) None follows III. Some keys are not doors.
(b) Only either II or IV follows IV. All doors are windows.
(c) Only either I or IV and II follow (a) All follow.
(d) Only either I or III and IV follow (b) Only either I or II flows
1. Statements: (c) Only either I or II and III follow
All flowers are buses. (d) None of these
Some buses are cats. 2. Statements:
All cats are tigers. Some shirts are coats.
Conclusions: All coats are jackets.
I. Some tigers are buses. Some jackets are trousers.
II. Some tigers are flowers. Conclusions:
III. Some cats are flowers. I. Some shirts are jackets.
IV. Some buses are tigers. II. Some jackets are shirts.
(a) None follows III. All trousers are jackets.
(b) Only I and II follow IV. Some trousers are jackets.
(c) Only III and IV follow (a) All follow
(d) Only I and IV follow (b) Only I, II and III follow
(c) Only 1, II and IV follow
2. Statements: (d) Only II, III and IV follow
No man is sky. 3. Statements:
No sky is road. All bikes are scooters.
Some men are roads. All scooters are scooties

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 General Intelligence &
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All scooties are mopeds. III. Some windows are fruits.

Conclusions: IV. Some towers are birds.
I. All mopeds are scooties. (a) None follows
II. All scooties'are scooters. (b) Only I and II follow
III. All scooters are bikes. (c) Only II and III follow
IV. All bikes are mopeds. (d) Only III follows
(a) None follows. 7. Statements:
(b) All follow Some buses are trains.
(c) Only III and IV follow No train is a dog.
(d) Only IV follows All dogs are parrots.
4. Statements: Conclusions:
Some pots are buckets. I. No bus is a parrot.
Some buckets are bags. II. Some parrots are trains.
Some bags are purses. III. Some parrots are buses.
Conclusions: IV. No dog is a bus.
I. Some purses are buckets. (a) Only either I or III follows
II. Some bags are pots. (b) Only II follows
III. Some purses are pots. (c) Only IV follows
IV. Some pots are bags. (d) Only I and III follow
(a) All follow 8. Statements:
(b) None follows Some cups are flowers.
(c) Only I and III follow Some flowers are boxes.
(d) Only II and IV follow All boxes are tigers.
5. Statements: Conclusions:
All biscuits are chocolates. I. Some tigers are cups.
Some chocolates are breads. II. Some tigers are flowers.
All breads are pastries. III. Some boxes are cups.
Conclusions: IV. No tiger is a flower.
I. Some biscuits are pastries. (a) None follows
II. Some pastries are chocolates. (b) Only either II or IV follows
III. Some biscuits are not pastries. (c) Only III follows
IV. All pastries are breads. (d) None of these
(a) Only I and II follow 9. Statements:
(b) Only I, II and III follow All glasses are roads.
(c) Only either 1 or III and II follow No road is a stick.
(d) Only either I or III and IV follow Some sticks are pens.
6. Statements: Conclusions:
All birds are fruits. I.Some glasses are sticks.
Some fruits are towers. II. Some pens are sticks.
All towers are windows. III. Some roads are sticks.
Conclusions: IV. No glass is a stick.
I. Some birds are towers, (a) None follows
II. Some windows are birds. (b) Only I or IV and II follow
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 General Intelligence &
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(c) Only either I or III or II follows Some stars are windows.

(d) None of these All windows are hills.
10. Statements: Conclusions:
All buses are trains. I. Some windows are books.
All trains are rickshaws. II. Some hills are stars.
All rickshaws are cycles. III. Some hills are books.
Conclusions: IV. Some stars are books.
I. All cycles are buses. (a) None follows
II. All rickshaws are buses. (b) Only I and III follow
III. All buses are rickshaws. (c) All follows
IV. All trains are cycles. (d) Only II and IV follow
(a) All follow 14. Statements:
(b) None follows Some cats are rats.
(c) Only I and II follow All rats are bats.
(d) None of these Some bats are jungles.
11. Statements: Conclusions:
Some candles are houses. I. Some jungles are cats.
Some houses are trains. II. Some bats are cats.
Some trains are roads. III. Some jungles are rats.
Conclusions: IV. No jungles is cat.
I. Some roads are candles. (a) None follows
II. Some trains are candles. (b) Only III follows
III. Some roads are houses. (c) Only either I or IV and III follow
IV. Some candles are roads. (d) Only either I or IV and II follow
(a) None follows 15. Statements:
(b) All follow All flowers are clouds.
(c) Only I and II follow No cloud is sky.
(d) Only I and III follow All skies are tigers.
12. Statements: Conclusions:
No tree is fruit. I. Some clouds are flowers.
All fruits are stones. II. All clouds are flowers.
All stones are rains. III. Some tigers are skies.
Conclusions: IV. All tigers are skies.
I. No stone is tree. (a) Only II and IV follow
II. No rain is tree. (b) Only either I or II follows
III. Some rains are fruits. (c) Only either III or IV follows
IV. Some rains are trees. (d) None of these
(a) None follows. 16. Statements:
(b) Only either II or IV and III follow Some spectacles are boxes.
(c) Only either II or III and 1 follow No bat is a ball.
(d) All follow Some boxes are balls.
13. Statements: Conclusions:
All books are stars. I. Some boxes are not bats.
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 General Intelligence &
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II. Some bats are spectacles. (a) Only I and II follow

III. No bat is a box. (b)Only I or II or III follows
IV No bail is a spectacle. (c) Only II and IV follow
(a) Only I follows (d) None of these
(b) Only I and III follows 20. Statements:
(c) Only II and III follow Some books are papers.
(d) Only IV follows All plates are records.
17. Statements: Some records are books.
All fans are tubelights. Conclusions:
No pen is a bulb. I. Some places are books.
Some bulbs are fans. II. Some records are papers.
Conclusions: III. Some papers are plates.
I. Some pens are tubelights. IV. Some books are records.
II. No pens are tubelights. (a) Only I follows
III. Some tubelights are fans. (b)Only II and III follow
IV All tubelights are fans. (c) Only I and III follow
(a) Only I and II follow (d) Only IV follow
(b) Only I, II and III follow 21. Statements:
(c) Either I or II and III follow Some bricks are trees.
(d) Only III and IV follow All trees are pens.
All pens are boats.
18. Statements: Conclusions:
Some fruits are vegetables. I. Some boats are bricks.
All liquids are drinks. II. Some pens are bricks.
All drinks are fruits. III. Some trees are bricks.
Conclusions: IV. Some bricks are boats.
I. Some drinks are vegetables. (a) None follows
II. Some fruits are liquids. (b) All follow
III. All liquids are fruits. (c) Only I and II follow
IV. No liquids are vegetables. (d)Only III and IV follow
(a) Only I and II follow 22. Statements:
(b)Only II and III follow All cups are tables.
(c) Only III and IV follow No table is water.
(d) Only I, II and III follow Some waters are clothe
19. Statements: Conclusions:
All shirts are trousers. I. No cloth is cup.
Some socks are shoes. II. No cloth is table.
All shoes are shirts. III. Some clothes are waters.
Conclusions: IV. Some waters are cups.
I. Some socks are shirts. (a) None follows
II. Some socks are trousers. (b) All follow
III. All shoes are trousers. (c) Only III follows
IV All shoes are socks. (d)Only I and II follow
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23. Statements: Conclusions:

Some flowers are rods. I. Some towers are temples.
Some rods are doors. II. Some houses are towers.
Some doors are houses. (a) Only conclusion I follows.
Conclusions: (b) Only conclusion II follows.
I. Some houses are flowers. (c) Both conclusions I & II follow.
II. Some doors are flowers. (d) Neither conclusion 1 nor II follows.
III. Some flowers are doors. 27. Statement:
IV. No house is flower. I. The rich must live more simply.
(a) Only I and IV follow II. All poor people are simple.
(b) Only II and III follow Conclusions:
(c) Only either I or II follows I. Rich people waste money.
(d) Only either I or IV follows II. Poor people save money.
24. Statements: (a) Only I follows.
All trucks are vans. (b) Only II follows.
All vans are cars. (c) Neither I nor follow.
All cars are trains. (d) Both I and II follow.
Conclusions: DIRECTIONS (Qs. 31-35): In each questions
I. All trains are trucks. bellows are given two statements followed by
II. All cars are trucks. two conclusions. You have to take the given
III. All trucks are trains. statements to be true even if they seem to be at
IV. All vans are trains. variance with commonly known facts Read all
(a) All follow the conclusions and then decide which of the
(b)Only I and II follow given statements disregarding commonly
(c) Only II and III follow know facts. Given Answer.
(d) None of these Give answer (a) If only conclusion I follows.
25. Statements: Give answer (b) if only conclusion II follows.
No table is fruit. Give answer (c) if either I nor II follows.
No fruit is window. Give answer (d) if neither I nor II follows.
All windows are chairs. 28. Statements:
Conclusions: All leaders are good team workers.
I. No window is table. All good team workers are good orators.
II. No chair is fruit. Conclusions:
III. No chair is table. I. Some good team workers are leaders.
IV. All chairs are windows. II. All good orators are leaders.
(a) None follows 29. Statements:
(b) All follow All terrorists are human.
(c) Only I and II follow All humans are bad.
(d) Only III and IV follow Conclusions:
26. Statements: I. All terrorists are bad.
I. Some towers are windows. II. No human can be a terrorist.
II. All windows are houses. 30. Statements:
III. Some houses are temples. Some teachers are followers.
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 General Intelligence &
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Some followers are famous. All social workers are angels.

Conclusions: Conclusions:
I. Some teachers-are famous. I. Some dedicated souls are social workers.
II. Some followers are teachers. II. Some social workers are dedicated souls.
31. Statements: 33. (1) All roses in sita’s garden are red.
Some books are pens. (2) All marigold flowers in Sita’s garden arc
No pen is pencil. orange.
Conclusions: (3) All flowers in Sita’s garden are either red
I. Some books are pencils, or orange. If 1st two statements are true, the
II. No book is pencil. third is
32. Statements: (a) True (b) False
Some dedicated souls are angels. (c) Uncertain (d) Vague

ANSWER KEY
1 (c) 5 (c) 9 (d) 13 (d) 17 (d) 21 (b) 25 (c) 29 (b) 33 (b)
2 (d) 6 (d) 10 (a) 14 (a) 18 (d) 22 (d) 26 (d) 30 (c) 34 (c)
3 (d) 7 (b) 11 (d) 15 (b) 19 (a) 23 (d) 27 (d) 31 (a) 35 (d)
4 (d) 8 (c) 12 (d) 16 (d) 20 (c) 24 (b) 28 (a) 32 (a) 36 (c)

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HINTS & EXPLANATION 6. (d) I does not follow from the last
1. (c) Conclusion II follows from statement, on conversion. II does not
conversion of the conclusion obtained follow from the second statement, on
from statement (b) and statement (c) [∵ conversion. III does not follow from the
1 + A -I]. Conclusion I, III and IV do first statement, on conversion. 1st + 2nd
not follow because statement (a) + + 3rd statement gives conclusion IV.
statement (b) gives no conclusion. But OR
the conclusion I and IV make a Venn-Diagram Representation:
complementary pair IE-type. Hence,
either of the two follows.
2. (d) Conclusion IV follows from
statement (b) and statement (c). [∵I+A -
1], Conclusion 1 follows from
conversion of conclusion IV. Statement
(a) and statement (b) give no conclusion
[∵ A + I = no conclusion]. Therefore,
conclusion II and III do not follow. Mopeds
3. (d) Only II follows. Statement (a) + Scooties
statement (b) gives no conclusion [∵E + Scooters
E = no conclusion]. Hence, I does not Bikes
follow. Note that I does not follow from
statement (c) either. Conclusion II
follows from conversion of statement Conclusions: I. False
(b). Conclusion III does not follow from II. False
statement (a). Conclusion IV does not III. False
follow from statement (c). IV. True
4. (d) No door is a lock → on conversion 7. (b) As all the statements are I-type, no
→ No lock is a door → implication → conclusion possible from their
Some locks are not doors. Hence, II combinations. Hence, none follows.
follows and 1 does not. No door is a Venn-Diagram Representation:
lock + Some locks are keys = Some
keys are not doors. Hence, III follows. Pots Buckets Bags Purses
IV does not follow from the first
statement. Conclusions:
5. (c) First + second statement gives I. False
conclusion I. Conclusion II follows as II. False
conversion of conclusion I, Third III. False
statement, on conversion, gives IV. False
conclusion IV but not conclusion III.

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 General Intelligence &
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8. (c) Some chocolates are breads + All II – False

breads are pastries ⇒ Some chocolates III – True
are pastries → on conversion →Some IV – False
pastries are chocolates. Hence, II 10. (a) Conclusions I and III make a
follows. 1st statement + Some complementary pair. Hence, either I or
chocolates are pastries gives no III follows. Conclusion II does not
conclusion. Hence, I and III do not follow since “No train is a dog" (E) +
follow but they make a complementary “All dogs are parrots" (A) gives the
(I- O) pair. Hence, either I or III follows. conclusion “Some parrots are not trains
IV does not follow from the last [∵ E + AO ⋆]. Conclusion IV does not
statement follow because “Some buses are trains”
OR + "No train is a dog” gives the
Venn-Diagram Representation: conclusion “Some buses are not dogs”
[∵I + E = O].
Chocolates Pastries 11. (d) “Some flowers are boxes” (1) + “All
boxes are tigers" (A) gives conclusion
Biscuits Breads
“Some flowers are tigers” (I) [∵I + A =
I], On conversion, we get “some tigers
are flowers". Hence, conclusion II
Conclusions: follows but IV does not follow. "Some
I False cups are flowers" (I) + “Some flowers
II True −Either are boxes” (I) gives no conclusion [∵I +
III False (Complementary 1= No conclusion). Hence, III does not
IV False pair) I-O type follow. No relation is given between
9. (d) Some fruits are towers (I) + All
tigers and cups and hence, I does not
towers are windows (A)⇒ Some fruits
follow.
are windows (I) (∵I+A = I). Now,
12. (d) Only II and IV follows:
conversion of “Some fruits are
13. (d) 1st + 2nd statements gives
windows” gives conclusion III.
conclusion III. 2nd + 3rd statements
OR
gives conclusion-IV. I and II do not
Venn-Diagram Representation:
follow.
14. (a) Statement (a) + Statement (b) gives
Fruits Windows
no conclusion[∴ I + I = no conclusion].
Birds Towers Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
Conclusions I and IV do not follow
because no conclusion can be obtained
regarding candles and trains. Statement
Conclusions: (b) + Statement (c) gives no conclusion
I – False

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 General Intelligence &
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[∴ I + I = no conclusion). Hence, II. Conclusion III does not follow

conclusion III does not follow. because statement (a) + statement (b)
15. (b) Statement (a) + Statement (b) gives gives no conclusion. Conclusion IV
the conclusion follows from statement (a).
“Some stones are not trees.” [∵E + A = 17. Statement (a) + Statement (b) gives the
O⋆). Hence, conclusion I does not conclusion “Some cats are bats” [∵ I +
follow. Statement (b) + Statement (c) A = I]. “Some cats are bats” → on
gives the conclusion “All fruits are conversion → “Some bats are cats”.
rains”. On conversions it gives Hence, conclusion II follows.
conclusion III. Now, statement (a) + Conclusion III does not follow because
“All fruits are rains” gives the statement (b) + Statement (c) gives no
conclusion “Some rains are not trees” conclusion [∵ A + I = no conclusion].
[∵E + A = O★]. Conclusions II and IV Conclusions I and IV do not follow
do not follow but these two conclusions because statement (b) + statement (c)
make a complementary pair (E1-type). gives no conclusions. But conclusions I
Hence, either conclusion II or and IV make a complementary pair (1E-
conclusion IV follows. type). Hence, either I or II follows.
OR OR
Venn-Diagram Representation: Venn-Diagram Representation:

Rains Bats
Stones
Jungles Rats Cats
Fruits
Tree

Conclusions: Conclusions:
I False
II False −Either I False
III True (Complementary II True −Either
IV False pair) (EI- type) III False (Complementary
IV False pair) (IE- type)
16. (d) Statement (a) + Statement (b) 18. Only I and III follow. Conclusions I and
gives no conclusion (∵ A + 1 = no III follow statement (a) and statement
conclusion]. Hence, conclusion 1 does (c) respectively (conversion). But
not follow. Statement (b) + Statement conclusions II and IV do not follow
(c) gives the conclusion “Some stars are because A-type statement can't be
hills” [∵ I + A = I], Conversion of converted into A- type.
“Some stars are hills” gives conclusion 19. (a) Some boxes are balls + No ball is a
bat (conversion of 2nd statement) =
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 General Intelligence &
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Some boxes are not bats [I + E = O]. II True

Hence, I follows and III does not. Now, III True
some spectacles are boxes and IV False
conclusion I give no conclusion. Hence 22. (d)
II and IV do not follow.
20. (c) Some bulbs are fans + All fans are Trousers
tubelights = Some bulbs are tubelights... Shirts
(a) [I + A = I). Now, statement (b) + (a)
Shoes Socks
gives: Some tubelights are not pens.
Hence, conclusions 1 and II can’t be
established. Ill follows from first
statement on conversion. But IV does Conclusions:
not But I and II make a complementary I True
pair [I - Epair]. Hence, either I or II II False
follows. III True
OR IV False
Venn-Diagram Representation 23. (d) Only IV follows from statement (c)
on conversion.
Tubelights
Records Books
Fans Bulbs Pen
Plates Papers

Conclusions:
I False Conclusions:-
II True −Either I False
III False (Complementary II False
IV False pair) (IE- pair) III False
21. (b)
IV True. Conversion of III Statement
24. (b) III follows from the first statement,
Fruits
Drinks on conversion. 1st statement + 2nd
statement gives: Some bricks are
Liquids pens...(A) → on conversion → Some
Vegetables pens are bricks. Hence II follows. (A) +
3rd statement gives conclusion IV,
which on conversion, give conclusion I.
25. (c) III follows from the last statement,
Conclusions:
I False on conversion. 1st statement + 2nd

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statement gives: No cup is water ... (A). does not follow because A + A = A i.e.
Hence IV does not follow from A, on All leaders are good orators but not vice
conversion. (A) + last statement gives: versa.
Some clothes are not cups. Hence, I 31. (a) A + A = A; i.e. All terrorists are
does not follow. 2nd statement + last human.
statement gives: Some clothes are not 32. (b) I does not follow. But II follows
tables. Hence II does not follow. because it is conversion of the first
26. (d) As all the statements are I-type, statement.
hence no conclusion follows from their
combinations. But I and IV make a Books Pens Pencil
complementary pair, hence either I or IV
follows.
27. (d) 1st statement + 2nd statement gives:
All trucks are cars ... (A). Hence II does
Conclusions:
not follow, on conversion. (A) + last
I. False
statement gives conclusion III. III, on
II. False
conversion, gives: Some trains are
33. (d)
trucks. Hence I does not follow. The last
two statements gives conclusion IV. Angles
28. (a) 1st + 2nd statement gives no
conclusion. Hence I does not follow. Social Dedicated
2nd + last statement gives: Some chairs Workers souls
are not fruits. Hence II does not follow.
Ill does not follow from combining all.
IV does not follow from the last
Conclusions:
statement, on conversion.
I False −Either
29. (b) II False (Complementary
pair) (I-E- pair)
34. (c) Uncertain

Statement I:
Red
True (√)
Roses
By looking at above venn diagram, we
can concluded that only conclusions II
follow.
30. (a) Conclusion I is the conversion of Statement II:
first statement, hence1 follows. But II

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marigold True (√)

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