Chem Form 5

KIMIA MODUL PEACE CEMERLANG 2018
CHAPTER 1 RATE OF REACTION

BAB 1 KADAR TINDAK BALAS
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
SOALAN OBJEKTIF
1 What is the meaning of rate of reaction?

Apakah maksud kadar tindak balas?
A Decrease in the amount of product

Pengurangan jumlah hasil tindak balas
B Decrease in the amount of product against time
Pengurangan jumlah hasil tindak balas dengan masa
C Increase in the amount of product against time
Peningkatan jumlah hasil tindak balas dengan masa
D Increase in the amount of reactant against time
Peningkatan jumlah bahan tindak balas dengan masa
2 Which reaction has the highest rate of reaction?

Tindak balas manakah mempunyai kadar tindak balas paling tinggi?
A Fermentation of glucose to produce ethanol

Penapaian glukosa untuk menghasilkan etanol
B Photosynthesis in green plants in the presence of sunlight
Fotosintesis dalam tumbuhan hijau dengan kehadiran cahaya matahari
C Formation of petroleum from decomposition of plants and animals
Pembentukan petroleum daripada penguraian tumbuhan dan haiwan
D Burning of methane in excess oxygen to boil water
Pembakaran metana dalam oksigen berlebihan untuk mendidihkan air
3 Which of the following is the correct unit for rate of reaction?

Antara berikut, yang manakah unit yang betul bagi kadar tindak balas?
A g mol-1 B g min-1 C mol dm-3 D kJ mol-1
4 Diagram 1 shows the graph of volume of hydrogen gas against time when magnesium
ribbon is placed into dilute sulphuric acid.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan graf isi padu gas hidrogen melawan masa apabila pita
magnesium dimasukkan ke dalam asid sulfurik cair.
Diagram / Rajah 1
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Which of the following statements explains the change in the gradient of the curve?
Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah menerangkan perubahan kecerunan
lengkung?
A Total surface area of magnesium ribbon increase

Jumlah luas permukaan pita magnesium meningkat
B Temperature of reacting mixture decreases
Suhu campuran bahan tindak balas berkurang
C Mass of magnesium sulphate decreases
Jisim magnesium sulfat berkurang
D Concentration of sulphuric acid decreases
Kepekatan asid sulfurik berkurang
5 One of the methods to determine the rate of reaction is by measuring the time taken for
the formation of precipitate. In which reaction, can the rate of reaction be determined
using this method?
Satu daripada kaedah untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas ialah dengan mengukur
masa yang diambil untuk pembentukan mendakan. Dalam tindak balas manakah, kadar
tindak balas dapat ditentukan menggunakan kaedah ini?
A Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + H2
B NaOH + HNO3  NaNO3 + H2O
C CaCO3 + 2HCl  CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
D Na2S2O3 + H2SO4  Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + H2O
6 Diagram 2 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment to determine the rate of
reaction.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk menentukan kadar tindak
balas.
Diagram / Rajah 2
Which technique is the most suitable to determine the rate of reaction?

Teknik manakah yang sesuai untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas?
A Record the time as soon as the gas bubbles are released

Catat masa sebaik sahaja gelembung gas terbebas
B Record the time as soon as the mark X is invisible from sight
Catat masa sebaik sahaja tanda X hilang dari penglihatan
C Record the time taken to obtain the maximum mass of the mixture
Catat masa yang diambil untuk mendapatkan jisim maksimum campuran
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D Record the time taken for the change of the pH value until a fixed pH value is
obtained
Catatkan masa yang diambil bagi perubahan nilai pH sehingga nilai pH yang
tetap diperoleh
7 Which graph correctly shows the change of mass of reactant against time?
Graf yang manakah menunjukkan perubahan jisim bahan tindak balas melawan masa?
A B
C D
8 An experiment was conducted to investigate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

The volume of gas produced was recorded every 30 seconds. Which of the following
graphs will be obtained?
Suatu eksperimen dijalankan untuk mengkaji penguraian hidrogen peroksida. Isipadu
gas yang terhasil direkodkan setiap 30 saat. Antara berikut, yang manakah graf yang
akan diperoleh?
A B
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C D
9 Table 1 shows the volume of carbon dioxide gas released at half minutes intervals when
hydrochloric acid reacts with marble chips.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan isipadu gas karbon dioksida terbebas bagi setiap setengah minit
apabila asid hidroklorik bertindak balas dengan ketulan marmar.
Time (min)
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Masa (min)
Volume of CO2 (cm3)
0 170 260 305 340 350 350
Isi padu CO2 (cm3)
Table / Jadual 1
What is the average rate of reaction in the second minute?

Apakah kadar tindak balas purata dalam minit kedua?
A 80.0 cm3 min-1 B 170.0 cm3 min-1

C 220.0 cm3 min-1 D 340.0 cm3 min-1
10 Table 2 shows the total volume of hydrogen gas, H2 collected in the reaction between
magnesium and nitric acid.
Jadual 2 menunjukkan jumlah isi padu gas hidrogen, H2 yang terkumpul dalam tindak
balas antara magnesium dengan asid nitrik.
Time (s)
0 15 30 45 60 75
Masa (s)
Volume of gas (cm3)
0.00 22.00 38.00 45.00 48.00 48.00
Isi padu gas (cm3)
Table / Jadual 2
What is the average rate of reaction?

Apakah kadar tindak balas purata?
A 0.37 cm3 s-1 B 0.64 cm3 s-1 C 0.80 cm3 s-1 D 1.74 cm3 s-1
11 Table 3 shows the average rate of reaction between excess calcium carbonate and 50
cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid.
Jadual 3 menunjukkan kadar purata bagi tindak balas antara kalsium karbonat
berlebihan dan 50 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.5 mol dm-3.
Time (s) 60 120 180 240
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Masa (s)
Average rate (cm3 s-1)
1.28 0.60 0.23 0.12
Kadar purata (cm3 s-1)
Table / Jadual 3
Which of the following explains the changes in the average rate of reaction?
Antara berikut, yang manakah dapat menerangkan perubahan purata kadar tindak
balas itu?
A Mass of calcium carbonate decreases

Jumlah kalsium karbonat berkurang
B Volume of gas released increases
Isi padu gas yang terbebas bertambah
C Concentration of hydrogen ion increases
Kepekatan ion hidrogen bertambah
D Volume of sulphuric acid used decreases
Isi padu asid sulfurik yang digunakan berkurang
12 When the concentration of reactant increases, the rate of reaction increases.

Which statement explains why the rate of reaction increases?
Apabila kepekatan bahan tindak balas meningkat, kadar tindak balas meningkat.
Pernyataan manakah yang menerangkan mengapa kadar tindak balas meningkat?
A The total surface area of the reactant particle increases

Jumlah luas permukaan zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
B The total number of the reactant particles per unit volume increases
Jumlah bilangan zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas per unit isi padu bertambah
C The reactant particles move faster and collide more often with one another
Zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bergerak lebih cepat dan berlanggar lebih
kerap antara satu sama lain
D The reactant particles which collide more often are able to overcome the lower
activation energy
Zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas yang berlanggar lebih kerap boleh mengatasi
tenaga pengaktifan yang lebih rendah
13 Excess calcium carbonate powder reacts with acid X to produce carbon dioxide gas.
Which acid produces the highest rate of reaction?
Serbuk kalsium karbonat berlebihan bertindak balas dengan asid X untuk
menghasilkan gas karbon dioksida. Asid manakah yang menghasilkan kadar tindak
balas paling tinggi?
A 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 nitric acid

50 cm3 asid nitrik 0.5 mol dm-3
B 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid
50 cm3 asid etanoik 0.5 mol dm-3
C 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
50 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.5 mol dm-3
D 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
50 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm-3
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14 The following information shows the effect of a particular factor on the rate of reaction.
Maklumat berikut menunjukkan kesan satu faktor ke atas kadar tindak balas.
 The kinetic energy of particles increases

Tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah meningkat
 Frequency of collision between particles increases
Frekuensi perlanggaran antara zarah-zarah meningkat
 Frequency of effective collision increases
Frekuensi perlanggaran berkesan meningkat
Which of the following causes the above effect?

Antara berikut, yang manakah memberikan kesan di atas?
A Adding a catalyst
Menambahkan mangkin
B Increasing the temperature of reactants
Menaikkan suhu bahan tindak balas
C Increasing the concentration of reactants
Meningkatkan kepekatan bahan tindak balas
D Using larger size of reactants
Menggunakan saiz bahan tindak balas yang lebih besar
15 Calcium reacts slowly in cold water and becomes more vigorously in hot water. Which
statement best explains the increasing rate of reaction?
Kalsium bertindak balas perlahan dalam air sejuk dan menjadi semakin cergas di
dalam air panas. Pernyataan manakah yang paling baik menerangkan peningkatan
kadar tindak balas?
A The number of particles per unit volume is higher and increases the rate of
reaction
Bilangan zarah per unit isi padu lebih tinggi dan meningkatkan kadar tindak
balas
B The activation energy is lower at the higher temperature and more particles
have enough energy to react
Tenaga pengaktifan lebih rendah pada suhu yang lebih tinggi dan lebih banyak
zarah-zarah mempunyai tenaga yang mencukupi untuk bertindak balas
C Calcium expands at higher temperature and increases its total surface area and
the rate of reaction
Kalsium mengembang pada suhu yang lebih tinggi dan meningkatkan jumlah
luas permukaan serta kadar tindak balas
D At higher temperature, the particles have higher kinetic energy and increases
the number of collisions per second
Pada suhu yang lebih tinggi, zarah-zarah mempunyai tenaga kinetik yang lebih
tinggi dan meningkatkan bilangan perlanggaran per saat
16 Diagram 4 shows the apparatus set-up for the reaction between sodium thiosulphate
solution and sulphuric acid to form yellow precipitate.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan bagi tindak balas antara larutan
natrium tiosulfat dengan asid sulfurik untuk membentuk mendakan kuning.
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Diagram / Rajah 4
Which of the following graph shows the relationship between temperature of sodium
thiosulphate solution and time taken?
Antara graf berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan hubungan antara suhu larutan
natrium tiosulfat dengan masa yang diambil?
A B
C D
17 Which of the following is the characteristic of catalyst?

Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan sifat mangkin?
A Catalyst used is only in solid form

Mangkin yang digunakan hanya dalam bentuk pepejal
B Catalyst increase the quantity of product
Mangkin meningkatkan hasil tindak balas
C Physical state of catalyst is unchanged during a reaction
Keadaan fizikal mangkin tidak berubah semasa tindak balas
D The quantity of catalyst remains the same after the reaction
Kuantiti mangkin kekal sama selepas tindak balas
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18 Diagram 4 shows the energy profile diagram X for one stage of the production of
sulphuric acid through Contact Process.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan gambar rajah profil tenaga X bagi satu peringkat dalam
penghasilan asid sulfurik melalui Proses Sentuh.
Diagram / Rajah 4
What is the change needed to be done to obtain curve Y?

Apakah perubahan yang perlu dilakukan untuk mendapat lengkung Y?
A Heat the reactants at 450°C

Panaskan bahan tindak balas pada suhu 450°C
B Compress the reactants at 1 atm
Mampatkan bahan tindak balas pada tekanan 1 atm
C Increase the concentration of reactants
Tingkatkan kepekatan bahan tindak balas
D Heat the reactants with the presence of vanadium(V) oxide
Panaskan bahan tindak balas dengan kehadiran vanadium(V) oksida
19 Diagram 5 shows the energy profile diagram for the reaction P + Q  S.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan gambar rajah profil tenaga bagi tindak balas P + Q  S.
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Diagram / Rajah 5
What is the activation energy for this reaction?

Apakah tenaga pengaktifan untuk tindak balas ini?
A 130 kJ B 350 kJ C 480 kJ D 830 kJ
20 When a small amount of manganese(IV) oxide is added into hydrogen peroxide, the
rate of reaction increases. Which statement explains this observation?
Apabila sedikit mangan(IV) oksida ditambah ke dalam hydrogen peroksida, kadar
tindak balas bertambah. Pernyataan manakah menerangkan pemerhatian ini?
A The activation energy is lowered

Tenaga pengaktifan dikurangkan
B The total surface area of the reactant of particles increases
Jumlah luas permukaan zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
C The kinetic energy of the reactant particles increases
Tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah
D The total number of reactant particles per unit volume increases
Jumlah bilangan zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas per unit isipadu bertambah
21 The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide produces oxygen gas and water. Which of the
following changes occurred when a little manganese(IV) oxide powder is added into
hydrogen peroxide?
Penguraian hidrogen peroksida menghasilkan oksigen dan air. Antara perubahan
berikut, yang manakah berlaku apabila sedikit serbuk mangan(IV) oksida ditambah ke
dalam hidrogen peroksida?
I More water is formed

Lebih banyak air terhasil
II Oxygen gas is produced faster
Gas oksigen dihasilkan lebih cepat
III Volume of oxygen gas released increases
Isipadu gas oksigen yang terbebas meningkat
IV Rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is higher
Kadar penguraian hidrogen peroksida lebih tinggi
A I and II B I and III C II and IV D III and IV
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I dan II I dan III II dan IV III dan IV
22 Diagram 6 shows the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide with a catalyst,

manganese(IV) oxide.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan penguraian hidrogen peroksida dengan mangkin, mangan(IV)
oksida.
Diagram / Rajah 6
Which of the following will remain the same after the reaction?
Antara berikut, yang manakah kekal sama selepas tindak balas itu?
A Concentration of hydrogen peroxide

Kepekatan hidrogen peroksida
B Total mass of manganese(IV) oxide
Jumlah jisim mangan(IV) oksida
C Total mass of conical flask and its contents
Jumlah jisim kelalang kon dan kandungannya
D Total number of moles of water in the conical flask
Jumlah bilangan mol air dalam kelalang kon
23 Diagram 7 shows a reaction between gas X and gas Y at room conditions.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan suatu tindak balas antara gas X dan gas Y pada keadaan bilik.
Diagram / Rajah 7
Which of the following can speed up the formation of gas Z?

Antara berikut, yang manakah boleh mempercepatkan pembentukan gas Z?
A Release some of the mixture from the container

Keluarkan sedikit campuran tindak balas daripada bekas itu
B Put the container into water at room temperature
Masukkan bekas itu ke dalam air pada suhu bilik
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C Channel an inert gas into the container

Salurkan satu gas lengai ke dalam bekas itu
D Push the piston down
Tolak omboh ke bawah
24 Chicken cooked in a pressure cooker cooks faster. Which of the following explains the
situation?
Ayam yang dimasak dalam periuk tekanan lebih cepat masak. Antara berikut, yang
manakah menerangkan situasi tersebut?
A The activation energy increases

Tenaga pengaktifan meningkat
B The kinetic energy decreases
Tenaga kinetik berkurang
C The total surface area exposed to reaction increases
Jumlah luas permukaan yang terdedah kepada tindak balas bertambah
D The frequency of effective collision increases
Frekuensi perlanggaran berkesan bertambah
25 Diagram 8 shows curve I in a graph of volume of gas released against time for the
reaction between excess zinc powder and 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid,
HCl.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan lengkung I dalam graf isipadu gas melawan masa bagi tindak
balas antara serbuk zink berlebihan dan 100 cm3 asid hidroklorik, HCl 1.0 mol dm-3.
Diagram / Rajah 8
Which of the following conditions represents curve II?

Antara berikut, keadaan manakah mewakili lengkung II?
Concentration of HCl (mol dm-3) Volume of HCl (cm3)

Kepekatan HCl (mol dm-3) Isipadu HCl (cm3)
A 0.5 100
B 1.0 50
C 2.0 50
D 2.0 25
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26 Diagram 9 shows a graph of two experiments conducted to investigate the rate of

reaction between calcium carbonate powder and hydrochloric acid, HCl.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan graf bagi dua eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji kadar
tindak balas antara serbuk kalsium karbonat dan asid hidroklorik, HCl.
Diagram / Rajah 9
Experiment I was conducted by using 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid.
What is the concentration and volume of hydrochloric acid used, to obtain curve II?
Eksperimen I dijalankan dengan menggunakan 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3.
Apakah kepekatan dan isipadu asid hidroklorik yang digunakan, untuk mendapatkan
lengkung II?
Concentration of HCl (mol dm-3) Volume of HCl (cm3)

Kepekatan HCl (mol dm-3) Isipadu HCl (cm3)
A 0.5 50
B 1.0 50
C 2.0 25
D 0.5 25
27 Three experiments were conducted by a group of students to investigate the reaction

between excess zinc and the acids as shown in Table 4.
Tiga eksperimen telah dijalankan oleh sekumpulan pelajar untuk menyiasat tindak
balas antara zink berlebihan dan asid-asid seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 4.
Experiment Acid
Eksperimen Asid
25 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
I
50 cm3 of 1.5 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
II
15 cm3 of 1.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
III
15 cm3 asid sulfurik 1.5 mol dm-3
Table / Jadual 4
Diagram 10 shows the graph of volume of hydrogen gas against time for the above
experiments.
Rajah 10 menunjukkan graf isi padu gas hidrogen melawan masa bagi eksperimen-
eksperimen di atas.
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Diagram / Rajah 10
Which of the following represents the results for the experiments correctly?
Antara berikut, yang manakah mewakili keputusan-keputusan eksperimen, dengan
betul?
I II III
A P Q R
B Q P R
C P R Q
D R Q P
28 The rate of catalytic decomposition of 20 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide is
shown as curve Q.
Kadar penguraian bermangkin 20 cm3 hidrogen peroksida 1.0 mol dm-3 ditunjukkan
sebagai lengkung Q.
Which of the following changes to the experiment will produce curve P?

Antara perubahan berikut, yang manakah dapat menghasilkan lengkung P?
A Cool the hydrogen peroxide solution

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Sejukkan larutan hidrogen peroksida itu

B Repeat the experiment using 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide
Ulang eksperimen menggunakan 50 cm3 hidrogen peroksida 0.5 mol dm-3
C Repeat the experiment using 20 cm3 of 1.5 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide
Ulang eksperimen menggunakan 10 cm3 hidrogen peroksida 1.5 mol dm-3
D Add more catalyst to the 20 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide
Tambah lebih banyak mangkin kepada 20 cm3 hidrogen peroksida 1.0 mol dm-3
29 Diagram 11 shows an experiment using excess dilute acid and a metal. The volume of
hydrogen gas released is measured and plotted on a graph as curve M. The experiment
is repeated by changing one condition at a time. The volume of hydrogen gas released
is measured and plotted on a graph as curve N.
Rajah 11 menunjukkan suatu eksperimen menggunakan asid cair berlebihan dan suatu
logam. Isi padu gas hidrogen yang dibebaskan diukur dan diplotkan pada graf sebagai
lengkung M. Eksperimen diulangi dengan mengubah satu keadaan pada satu masa. Isi
padu gas hidrogen yang dibebaskan diukur dan diplotkan pada graf sebagai lengkung
N.
Diagram / Rajah 11
What are the possibilities of the condition changed to obtain curve N?

Apakah perubahan keadaan yang mungkin, untuk mendapatkan lengkung N?
Increase in Increase in size of Increase in

concentration of acid metal temperature
Meningkatkan Meningkatkan saiz Meningkatkan suhu
kepekatan asid logam
A
B
C
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30 Diagram 12 shows three different sizes of magnesium carbonate with the same mass.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan tiga saiz berlainan magnesium karbonat dengan jisim yang
sama.
Diagram / Rajah 12
Which graph represents the reaction between 2 g magnesium carbonate and 50 cm3 of
1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid?
Graf manakah mewakili tindak balas antara 2 g magnesium karbonat dan 50 cm3 asid
hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3?
A B
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C D
OBJ
30
STRUCTURE QUESTIONS
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1 An experiment is carried out to investigate the rate of reaction between magnesium and
sulphuric acid. Excess magnesium powder is added to 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric
acid. Table 1 shows the volume of gas collected at intervals of 30 seconds.
Satu eksperimen dijalankan untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas antara magnesium dan
asid sulfurik. Serbuk magnesium berlebihan ditambahkan kepada 20 cm3 asid sulfurik
0.1 mol dm-3. Jadual 1 menunjukkan isi padu gas yang terkumpul pada sela masa 30
saat.
Time (min)
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Masa (min)
Volume of gas (cm3)
0.00 12.00 22.00 31.00 38.00 42.00 44.00 45.00 45.00
Isi padu gas (cm3)
Table / Jadual 1
(a) Name the gas released from the above reaction.

Namakan gas yang terbebas daripada tindak balas di atas.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark / markah]
(b) Based on Table 1, plot a graph of the volume of gas collected against time.
Berdasarkan Jadual 1, plot graf isi padu gas yang terkumpul melawan masa.
[3 marks / markah]
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Graph of volume of gas collected against time

Graf isipadu gas terkumpul melawan masa
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(c) Based on the graph plotted in 1(b), calculate:

Berdasarkan graf yang diplot dalam 1(b), hitung:
(i) the rate of reaction at 120 s.
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kadar tindak balas pada 120 s.
[2 marks / markah]
(ii) the overall rate of reaction.

kadar tindak balas purata keseluruhan.
[1 mark / markah]
(d) Another experiment is carried out to investigate the factors affecting the rate of
reaction. Diagram 1 shows the results of the experiment. Curve L represents the
result of the experiment using excess magnesium powder and 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol
dm-3 hydrochloric acid.
Satu eksperimen berasingan dijalankan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. Rajah 1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen
itu. Lengkung L mewakili keputusan eksperimen yang menggunakan serbuk
magnesium berlebihan dan 50 cm3 asid hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3.
Diagram / Rajah 1
(i) Suggest the factor that influence the rate of reaction to obtain curve K.
Cadangkan satu faktor yang memepengaruhi kadar tindak balas untuk
memperoleh lengkung K.
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………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) The rate of reaction of curve K is higher than that of L. Explain your
answer based on collision theory.
Kadar tindak balas lengkung K lebih tinggi daripada L. Terangkan
jawapan anda berdasarkan teori perlanggaran.
………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks / markah]
(iii) The final volume of gas obtained in curve M is half of the final volume of
gas obtained in curve L. Give one reason for this occurrence.
Isipadu akhir gas yang diperoleh dalam lengkung M adalah separuh
daripada isipadu akhir gas yang diperoleh dalam lengkung L. Berikan satu
sebab bagi keadaan ini.
………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark / markah]
A1
11 2 A student carried out two experiments to investigate the factor that affects the rate of
reaction. Table 2 shows the results of the experiments.
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Seorang pelajar menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor yang

mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan bagi eksperimen-
eksperimen tersebut.
Volume of gas
Experiment Diagram collected / cm3
Eksperimen Rajah Isipadu gas yang
terkumpul / cm3
I 50
II 50
Table / Jadual 2
(a) Based on the experiment, state the meaning of rate of reaction.

Berdasarkan eksperimen, nyatakan maksud kadar tindak balas.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark / markah]
(b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and
hydrochloric acid
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara magnesium dan asid
hidroklorik.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 21

………………………………………………………………………………….......
[2 marks / markah]
(c) State the factor that affects the rate of reaction in this experiment.
Nyatakan faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen ini.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark / markah]
(d) (i) From the information in Table 2, calculate the average rate of reaction for
Experiment I and Experiment II.
Daripada maklumat dalam Jadual 2, hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi
Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.
[2 marks / markah]
(iii) Rate of reaction in Experiment II is different from Experiment I. By

referring to collision theory, explain why there are differences in the rate of
reaction in both experiments.
Kadar tindak balas dalam Eksperimen II berbeza dengan Eksperimen I.
Dengan merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran, terangkan mengapa terdapat
perbezaan dalam kadar tindak balas bagi kedua-dua eksperimen.
………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………..
[3 marks / markah]
(e) Give one reason why the final volume of gas obtained in both experiments are the
same.
Berikan satu sebab mengapa isipadu akhir gas yang diperoleh dalam kedua-dua
eksperimen adalah sama.
A2
………………………………………………………………………………….......
10 [1 mark / markah]
3 Table 3 shows the result of two experiments to investigate the rate of reaction between
zinc powder and two different acids.
Jadual 3 menunjukkan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas antara
serbuk zink dan dua asid yang berbeza.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 22

Time taken for

complete reaction (s)
Experiment Reactants
Masa yang diambil
Eksperimen Bahan tindak balas
untuk tindak balas
lengkap (s)
Zinc powder + 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric
I acid 40
Serbuk zink + 100 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.5 mol dm-3
Zinc powder + 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
II 60
Serbuk zink + 100 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol
dm-3
Table / Jadual 3
(a) State a factor that can affect the rate of reaction in the experiment.
Nyatakan satu faktor yang memepengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen
itu.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark / markah]
(b) Draw the apparatus set-up to determine the rate of reaction for the experiment.
Lukis susunan radas untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimen itu.
[2 marks / markah]
(c) (i) Write the ionic equation for Experiment II.

Tulis persamaan ion bagi Eksperimen II.
………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) Calculate the maximum volume of gas released in Experiment II.

[Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 at room condition]
Hitung isi padu maksimum gas yang terbebas dalam Eksprimen II.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 23
[Isi padu molar gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 pada keadaan bilik]
[3 marks / markah]
(d) (i) Diagram 3 shows the graph of volume of gas released against time for
Experiment I. Sketch the curve for Experiment II in the same axes in
Diagram 3.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan graf isipadu gas yang terbebas melawan masa bagi
Eksperimen I. Lakar lengkung bagi Eksperimen II pada paksi yang sama
dalam Rajah 3.
Diagram / Rajah 3
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) Based on your answer in 3(d)(i), compare the rate of reaction between
Experiment I and Experiment II by using collision theory.
Berdasarkan jawapan anda dalam 3(d)(i), bandingkan kadar tindak balas
antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II menggunakan teori perlanggaran.
………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………..
A3
………………………………………………………………………………..
11 [3 marks / markah]
4 Experiment I, II and III were conducted to investigate the factors affecting the rate of
reaction.
Table 4 shows the reactants involved in the experiments.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 24

Ekperimen I, II dan III dijalankan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi

kadar tindak balas.
Jadual 4 menunjukkan bahan tindak balas yang terlibat dalam eksperimen tersebut.
Experiment Reactants
Eksperimen Bahan tindak balas
Excess magnesium powder 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
I
Serbuk magnesium berlebihan 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm-3
Excess magnesium powder 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
II
Serbuk magnesium berlebihan 25 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.1 mol dm-3
25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid +
Excess magnesium powder copper(II) sulphate solution
III
Serbuk magnesium berlebihan 25 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.1 mol dm-3 +
larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Table / Jadual 4
Diagram 4 shows the results of experiments I, II and III.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen I, II dan III.
Diagram / Rajah 4
(a) State one factor that affects rate of reaction.

Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark / markah]
(b) (i) Give a reason why curve II is steeper than curve I.

Beri satu sebab mengapa lengkung II lebih curam berbanding lengkung I.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 25

………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) Other than adding copper(II) sulphate, suggest another way to obtain curve
III from curve II. The volume and concentration of sulphuric acid is
unchanged.
Selain daripada menambahkan kuprum(II) sulfat, cadangkan satu cara lain
untuk memperoleh lengkung III daripada lengkung II. Isi padu dan
kepekatan asid sulfurik tidak berubah.
………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark / markah]
(c) Explain why the total volume of hydrogen gas released in Experiment II is double
the total volume of hydrogen gas released in Experiment I.
Terangkan mengapa jumlah isipadu gas hidrogen yang dibebaskan dalam
Eksperimen II adalah dua kali ganda jumlah isipadu gas hidrogen yang
dibebaskan dalam Eksperimen I
………………………………………………………………………………….......
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[2 marks / markah]
(d) Based on Experiment II,

Berdasarkan Eksperimen II,
(i) Write the ionic equation for the reaction occurred.
Tulis persamaan ion bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.
………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) Calculate the total volume of hydrogen gas released.

[Molar volume of gas at room condition = 24 dm3 mol-1]
Hitung jumlah isipadu gas hidrogen yang dibebaskan.
[Isipadu molar gas pada keadaan bilik = 24 dm3 mol-1]
[3 marks / markah]
(e) If the change in mass of magnesium during the reaction is measured, sketch the
graph of mass of magnesium against time for Experiment I.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 26

Jika perubahan jisim magnesium semasa tindak balas diukur, lakarkan graf jisim
magnesium melawan masa bagi Eksperimen I.
[2 marks / markah]
A4
11
5 Experiments I, II and III were carried out to investigate the factors affecting the rate of
reaction. Table 5 shows the reactants and temperature used in each experiment.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 27

Eksperimen I, II dan III dijalankan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi

kadar tindak balas. Jadual 5 menunjukkan bahan tindak balas dan suhu yang
digunakan dalam setiap eksperimen.
Experiment Reactants Temperature (°C)

Eksperimen Bahan tindak balas Suhu (°C)
Excess zinc powder + 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
I 30
Serbuk zink berlebihan + 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.1
mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
II 40
Serbuk zink berlebihan + 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.1
mol dm-3
sulphuric acid
III 30
Serbuk zink berlebihan + 25 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.1
mol dm-3
Table / Jadual 5
(a) Write the ionic equation for the reaction in Experiment I.

Tulis persamaan ion bagi tindak balas dalam Eksperimen I.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[2 marks / markah]
(b) Based on the experiments, state two factors that affect the rate of reaction.
Merujuk kepada eksperimen-eksperimen itu, nyatakan dua faktor yang
mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[2 marks / markah]
(c) Compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I and II. Explain the difference
using collision theory.
Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan II. Terangkan
perbezaan itu menggunakan teori perlanggaran.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
………………………………………………………………………………….......
………………………………………………………………………………….......
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[4 marks / markah]
(d) Diagram 5 shows the curve of the graph of the total volume of gas against time
for Experiment I. Sketch the curve for Experiment III on the same axes.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 28

Rajah 5 menunjukkan lengkung bagi graf jumlah isipadu gas melawan masa bagi
Eksperimen I. Lakar lengkung bagi Eksperimen III pada paksi yang sama.
Diagram / Rajah 5
[1 mark / markah]
(e) During a cooking competition, the participant found out that a piece of meat is
still not tender even after cooking for an hour. State one method to make the meat
become tender in a shorter amount of time. Explain your answer.
Semasa satu pertandingan memasak, seorang peserta mendapati satu ketulan
daging masih tidak lembut walaupun telah dimasak selama satu jam. Nyatakan
satu kaedah yang boleh diambil supaya daging itu menjadi lembut dalam masa
yang singkat. Terangkan jawapan anda.
………………………………………………………………………………….......
………………………………………………………………………………….......
………………………………………………………………………………….......
[2 marks / markah]
A5
11
6 (a) A group of students carried out experiments to investigate the factor affecting the
rate of reaction between metal P and acid Q. Table 6 shows the information about
@JU KIMIA PERAK 29
the reactants and the time taken to collect 30 cm3 of hydrogen gas.
Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor yang
mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara logam P dan asid Q. Jadual 6
menunjukkan maklumat berkaitan bahan tindak balas dan masa yang diambil
untuk mengumpul 30 cm3 gas hidrogen.
Experiment Reactants Time taken / s

Eksperimen Bahan tindak balas Masa yang diambil / s
Powdered metal P + 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 acid Q
I 10
Serbuk logam P+ 50 cm3 asid Q 1.0 mol dm-3
Powdered metal P + 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 acid Q
II 20
Serbuk logam P+ 100 cm3 asid Q 0.5 mol dm-3
Table / Jadual 6
(i) Suggest the name of metal P and acid Q. By using the named metal P and
acid Q, write the chemical equation for the reaction.
Cadangkan nama logam P dan asid Q. Dengan menggunakan logam P dan
asid Q yang dinamakan, tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu.
[4 marks / markah]
(ii) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and II.
Hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I dan II.
[2 marks / markah]
(iii) Explain the difference in the rate of reaction between Experiment I and II
using collision theory.
Terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan II
menggunakan teori perlanggaran.
[4 marks / markah]
(b) By using the factor temperature, describe an experiment how this factor affects
the rate of reaction. Include a labelled diagram in your answer.
Dengan menggunakan faktor suhu, huraikan satu eksperimen bagaimana faktor
ini mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. Sertakan rajah berlabel dalam jawapan
anda.
[10 marks / markah]
7 (a) Knowledge on the factors affecting rate of reaction is very useful in daily life.
State one activity at home and explain how the knowledge on the factors affecting
@JU KIMIA PERAK 30
rate of reaction is applied in the activity.

Pengetahuan berkaitan faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas sangat
berguna dalam kehidupan seharian. Nyatakan satu aktiviti di rumah dan
terangkan bagaimana faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas
diaplikasikan dalam kehidupan seharian.
[2 marks / markah]
(b) Diagram 7.1 shows a graph of volume of carbon dioxide gas against time for the
reaction between sulphuric acid and excess marble, CaCO3.
Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan graf isipadu gas karbon dioksida melawan masa bagi
tindak balas antara asid sulfurik dan marmar, CaCO3 berlebihan.
Experiment I uses marble chips while Experiment II uses marble powder.

Eksperimen I menggunakan ketulan marmar manakala Eksperimen II
menggunakan serbuk marmar.
Diagram / Rajah 7.1
(i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between marble and sulphuric
acid.
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara marmar dengan asid
sulfurik.
[2 marks / markah]
(ii) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and II.
Hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I dan II.
[2 marks / markah]
(iii) Explain the difference in the rate of reaction between Experiment I and II.
Explain your answer based on collision theory.
Terangkan perbezaan bagi kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan II.
Terangkan jawapan anda berdasarkan teori perlanggaran.
[4 marks / markah]
(c) Diagram 7.2 shows the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 molecules to
produce oxygen and water.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 31

Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan penguraian molekul hidrogen peroksida, H2O2 untuk

menghasilkan oksigen dan air.
Diagram / Rajah 7.2

Based on Diagram 7.2, describe an experiment on how manganese(IV) oxide powder
affects the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Your explanation should
include:
Berdasarkan Rajah 7.2, huraikan satu eksperimen bagaimana serbuk mangan(IV)
oksida mempengaruhi kadar penguraian hidrogen peroksida. Penerangan anda perlu
mengandungi:
 Procedure of the experiment
Prosedur eksperimen
 Sketch of graph to shows the effect of manganese(IV) oxide on the rate of
reaction
Lakaran graf untuk menunjukkan kesan mangan(IV) oksida ke atas kadar
tindak balas
 Conclusion
Kesimpulan
[10 marks / markah]
8 (a) A reaction between a metal and acid produces hydrogen gas. Addition of a
catalyst can affect the rate of the production of hydrogen gas.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 32

Tindak balas antara logam dan asid menghasilkan gas hidrogen. Penambahan
mangkin akan mempengaruhi kadar penghasilan gas hidrogen.
(i) Suggest a metal and an acid to produce hydrogen gas in the laboratory.
Cadangkan satu logam dan satu asid untuk menghasilkan gas hidrogen
dalam makmal.
[2 marks / markah]
(ii) Using collision theory, explain the change in the rate of reaction that occur
with the presence of a named catalyst.
Dengan menggunakan teori perlanggaran, terangkan perubahan kadar
tindak balas yang berlaku dengan kehadiran mangkin yang dinamakan.
[4 marks / markah]
(b) Diagram 8.1 shows the time taken to dissolve cube sugar at different temperatures
when making a cup of tea.
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan masa yang diambil untuk melarutkan gula kiub pada
suhu berbeza semasa menyediakan secawan teh.
30 s 80 s
Diagram / Rajah 8.1
Explain the difference in the situation.

Terangkan perbezaan dalam situasi itu.
[4 marks / markah]
(c) Diagram 8.2 shows substance M in different sizes.

Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan bahan M dalam saiz yang berbeza.
Diagram / Rajah 8.2
Based on Diagram 8.2, suggest substance M and describe an experiment to show

how the above factor affects the rate of reaction of substance M with acid.
Berdasarkan Rajah 8.2, cadangkan bahan M dan huraikan satu eksperimen
untuk menunjukkan bagaimana faktor di atas mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas
bahan M dengan asid.
[10 marks / markah]
9 (a) Diagram 9.1 shows the time taken for different size of meat to cook.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan masa yang diambil untuk daging berlainan saiz masak.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 33
120 minutes 20 minutes

120 minit 20 minit
Diagram / Rajah 9.1
Explain why different size of meat takes different duration of time to cook.
Terangkan mengapa saiz daging berbeza mengambil masa berbeza untuk masak.
[2 marks / markah]
(b) Two experiments are carried out to investigate the factor affecting the rate of
reaction between carbonate P and acid Q. Table 9.1 shows the reactants and the
time taken to collect 30 cm3 of carbon dioxide gas release
Dua eksperimen dijalankan untuk mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar
tindak balas antara karbonat P dan asid Q. Jadual 9.1 menunjukkan bahan
tindak balas dan masa yang diambil untuk mengumpul 30 cm3 gas karbon
dioksida.
Experiment Reactants Time taken / s

Eksperimen Bahan tindak balas Masa diambil / s
I Excess P 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3
carbonate powder acid Q
10
Serbuk karbonat P 50 cm3 asid Q 1.0 mol
berlebihan dm-3
II Excess P 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3
carbonate granule acid Q
20
Ketulan karbonat 50 cm3 asid Q 1.0 mol
P berlebihan dm-3
Table / Jadual 9.1
(i) Name one example of carbonate P and one example of acid Q.

Namakan satu contoh karbonat P dan satu contoh asid Q.
[2 marks / markah]
(ii) Compare the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and II. Explain the
difference based on collision theory.
Bandingkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I dan II.
Terangkan perbezaan tersebut berdasarkan teori perlanggaran
[5 marks / markah]
(c) Diagram 9.2 shows a statement regarding a reaction.

Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan satu pernyataan berkaitan satu tindak balas.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 34

When sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 solution reacts with sulphuric

acid, H2SO4, a precipitate is formed.
Apabila larutan natrium tiosulfat, Na2S2O3 bertindak balas dengan
asid sulfurik, H2SO4, suatu mendakan terbentuk.
Diagram / Rajah 9.2
(i) Based on the statement above, name the precipitate formed.

Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, namakan mendakan tersebut.
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) Describe a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on

the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate solution and acid
sulphuric.
Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan suhu terhadap kadar
tindak balas antara larutan natrium tiosulfat dan asid sulfurik.
Your answer must include the following:

Jawapan anda perlu mangandungi perkara berikut:
 List of materials and apparatus
Senarai bahan dan radas
 Procedure of the experiment and result
Prosedur eksperimen dan keputusannya
 Conclusion
Kesimpulan
[10 marks / markah]
10 (a) Diagram 10.1 shows two containers containing hydrogen and chlorine molecules
at different pressures.
@JU KIMIA PERAK 35
Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan dua bekas yang mengandungi molekul hidrogen dan
klorin pada tekanan berbeza.
Diagram / Rajah 10.1
Explain the difference in the rate of reaction between hydrogen and chlorine
gases in both containers, using collision theory.
Terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas antara gas hidrogen dan gas klorin
dalam kedua-dua bekas, menggunakan teori perlanggaran.
[5 marks / markah]
(b) Hydrogen peroxide is unstable and decomposes to form water and oxygen gas
with a ΔH = -98.2 kJ mol-1. The presence of catalyst will affect the rate of
decomposition.
Hidrogen peroksida adalah tidak stabil dan terurai membentuk air dan gas
oksigen dengan ΔH = -98.2 kJ mol-1. Kehadiran mangkin akan mempengaruhi
kadar penguraian tersebut.
(i) State the name of the catalyst.

Nyatakan nama mangkin itu.
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) Explain how the catalyst affects the rate of decomposition, using collision
theory.
Terangkan bagaimana mangkin itu mempengaruhi kadar penguraian,
menggunakan teori pelanggaran.
[3 marks / markah]
(iii) Draw the energy profile diagram for the decomposition of hydrogen
peroxide. On the energy profile diagram, show the following:
@JU KIMIA PERAK 36

Lukis gambar rajah profil tenaga bagi penguraian hidrogen peroksida.

Pada gambar rajah profil tenaga itu, tunjukkan perkara beikut:
 Heat of decomposition, ΔH
Haba penguraian, ΔH
 Activation energy without catalyst, Ea
Tenaga pengaktifan tanpa mangkin, Ea
 Activation energy with catalyst, Ea’
Tenaga pengaktifan dengan mangkin, Ea’
 Reactant and products
Bahan dan hasil tindak balas
[5 marks / markah]
(c) Cabbages in Kundasang, Sabah are exported to Phillipines using kargo. The
journey from Sabah to Phillipines takes about 3 days. Explain how to ensure the
vegetables are still in good condition when it reaches Phillipines.
Kubis di Kundasang, Sabah dieksport ke Filipina menggunakan kargo. Perjalanan
dari Sabah ke Kundasang mengambil masa 3 hari. Terangkan bagaimana
memastikan sayur itu masih berada dalam keadaan baik apabila ia sampai ke
Filipina.
[3 marks / markah]
(d) Diagram 10.2 shows Encik Ahmad is fanning satay that is being cooked while
diagram 10.3 shows Encik Ramli cooking satay without fanning. They are cooking
satay at the same time in a same open space.
Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan Encik Ahmad sedang mengipas sate yang dimasak
manakala Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan Encik Ramli memasak sate tanpa mengipas.
Mereka memasak sate pada masa yang masa dan di kawasan lapang yang sama.
Diagram / Rajah 10.2 Diagram / Rajah 10.3
Based on Diagram 10.2 and Diagram 10.3, explain which satay cooks faster if the
size of the satay meat and the size of charcoal used are the same.
Berdasarkan Rajah 10.2 dan Rajah 10.3, terangkan sate manakah yang akan
masak lebih cepat, jika saiz daging sate dan saiz arang yang diguna adalah
sama.
[3 marks / markah]
@JU KIMIA PERAK 37

Chem Form 5

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KIMIA MODUL PEACE CEMERLANG 2018

CHAPTER 1 RATE OF REACTION

1 What is the meaning of rate of reaction?

A Decrease in the amount of product

2 Which reaction has the highest rate of reaction?

A Fermentation of glucose to produce ethanol

3 Which of the following is the correct unit for rate of reaction?

A g mol-1 B g min-1 C mol dm-3 D kJ mol-1

@JU KIMIA PERAK 1

A Total surface area of magnesium ribbon increase

Which technique is the most suitable to determine the rate of reaction?

A Record the time as soon as the gas bubbles are released

@JU KIMIA PERAK 2

8 An experiment was conducted to investigate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

@JU KIMIA PERAK 3

What is the average rate of reaction in the second minute?

A 80.0 cm3 min-1 B 170.0 cm3 min-1

What is the average rate of reaction?

Time (s) 60 120 180 240

@JU KIMIA PERAK 4

A Mass of calcium carbonate decreases

12 When the concentration of reactant increases, the rate of reaction increases.

A The total surface area of the reactant particle increases

A 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 nitric acid

@JU KIMIA PERAK 5

 The kinetic energy of particles increases

Which of the following causes the above effect?

17 Which of the following is the characteristic of catalyst?

A Catalyst used is only in solid form

@JU KIMIA PERAK 7

What is the change needed to be done to obtain curve Y?

A Heat the reactants at 450°C

19 Diagram 5 shows the energy profile diagram for the reaction P + Q  S.

@JU KIMIA PERAK 8

What is the activation energy for this reaction?

A 130 kJ B 350 kJ C 480 kJ D 830 kJ

A The activation energy is lowered

I More water is formed

A I and II B I and III C II and IV D III and IV

@JU KIMIA PERAK 9

I dan II I dan III II dan IV III dan IV

22 Diagram 6 shows the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide with a catalyst,

A Concentration of hydrogen peroxide

23 Diagram 7 shows a reaction between gas X and gas Y at room conditions.

Which of the following can speed up the formation of gas Z?

A Release some of the mixture from the container

C Channel an inert gas into the container

A The activation energy increases

Which of the following conditions represents curve II?

Concentration of HCl (mol dm-3) Volume of HCl (cm3)

@JU KIMIA PERAK 11

26 Diagram 9 shows a graph of two experiments conducted to investigate the rate of

Concentration of HCl (mol dm-3) Volume of HCl (cm3)

27 Three experiments were conducted by a group of students to investigate the reaction

@JU KIMIA PERAK 12

Which of the following changes to the experiment will produce curve P?

A Cool the hydrogen peroxide solution

Sejukkan larutan hidrogen peroksida itu