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PROUNOUS

The document discusses the different types of pronouns, including personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, reflexive and intensive pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, indefinite pronouns, distributive pronouns, interrogative pronouns, relative pronouns, reciprocal pronouns, and impersonal pronouns. It also examines the different functions pronouns can serve, such as subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, and subject complement. The document provides examples for each type and function of pronoun.

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364 views

PROUNOUS

The document discusses the different types of pronouns, including personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, reflexive and intensive pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, indefinite pronouns, distributive pronouns, interrogative pronouns, relative pronouns, reciprocal pronouns, and impersonal pronouns. It also examines the different functions pronouns can serve, such as subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, and subject complement. The document provides examples for each type and function of pronoun.

Uploaded by

Trọng Nhân Trương
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UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 1

Parts of Speech

Pronouns
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 2

What is Pronoun?
• A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun.

For examples,
– Ratha is studying English. She wants to be a teacher.
– Ratha and her friends are hopeful. They are sitting in
their first class.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 3

Kinds of Pronouns
• Pronouns may be classified as personal, intensive,
reflexive, demonstrative, relative, interrogative, indefinite,
and reciprocal.

[1] Personal Pronouns


• Personal pronouns show person; that is, first person,
the second person, or the third person.
• They are:
– Subjective pronouns: I, you, we, they, he, she, it
– Objective pronouns: me, you, us, them, him, her, it
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 4

Kinds of Pronouns
[2] Possessive Pronouns
• Possessive pronoun shows possession or ownership.
– Possessive pronouns: mine, yours, theirs, his, hers, its

• You may be confused with possessive adjectives below:


Possessive adjectives: my, your, their, his, her, its
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 5

Kinds of Pronouns
[3] Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns
• Intensive and reflexive pronouns have the same forms.
They are: myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself,
herself, itself, themselves, and oneself.
• The intensive pronoun usually comes after the word it
stands for and emphasizes that word; as,
– The president himself told the reporters.
– They themselves admitted their mistake.
• The reflexive pronoun points the action back toward
the subject.
– She bought the dress for herself.
– She bought herself a new dress.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 6

Kinds of Pronouns
[4] Demonstrative Pronouns
• Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out
particular persons, places, or things.
• They are: this, that , these, those
– This is my party.
– These are her pencils.
– That is Sophal’s shirt.
– Those are good apples.
– Those papers arc soiled.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 7

Kinds of Pronouns
[5] Indefinite Pronouns
• Indefinite pronouns do not refer to any person or thing
in particular.
• They are: another, each, neither, somebody, anybody,
either, nobody, someone, anyone, everybody, no one,
something, anything, everyone, one, both, few, many,
several, all, any, some…
– Somebody took the key to the storeroom.
– One hardly knows what to do.
– Nobody has his or her ticket.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 8

Kinds of Pronouns
[6] Distributive Pronouns
• Distributive pronouns refer to persons or things one at a
time. They are: each, either, and neither.
– Each of the men received a reward.
– Either of you can go.
– Neither of the accusations is true.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 9

Kinds of Pronouns
[7] Interrogative Pronouns
• Interrogative pronouns introduce question sentences.
• They are who, whom, what, which, where, when, why …
– Who is she?
– Whom did you meet?
– What is your name?
– Which is yours?
– Where did you go yesterday?
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 10

Kinds of Pronouns
[8] Relative Pronouns
• Relative pronouns are words that refer or relate to some
noun going before, which is called its antecedents.
• They are: who, whom, that, which.
– She is the woman who interviewed me.
– She appointed the man whom I also know.
– It is a dog that won the prize last time.
– Tum Teav is a story which tells about a love tragedy.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 11

Kinds of Pronouns
[9] Reciprocal Pronouns
• Reciprocal pronouns express a mutual relationship.
• They are: each other and one another.
– Peter and Mary kissed each other.
– The gangsters were fighting one another.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 12

Kinds of Pronouns
[10] Impersonal pronouns
• Impersonal pronoun "it" doesn't refer to a definite
reference or antecedent. It does not refer to a particular
person or thing.
– It's alright.
– It seems hard to believe.
– It is going to be sunny tomorrow.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 13

Functions of Pronouns
• The pronoun may function as: subject, object of a verb,
indirect object, object of a verbal, object of a preposition,
subjective complement, and so forth.

[1] Functioning as subject


– They are architects.
– Everything is not permanent.

[2] Functioning as direct object


– She likes him so much.
– The army defeated them and captured the town.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 14

Functions of Pronouns
[3] Functioning as indirect object
– The Manager offered him a new position.
– She made herself a cake.

[4] Functioning as object of preposition


– It is not easy to deal with them.
– She was talking about herself.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 15

Functions of Pronouns
[5] Functioning as subject complement
– The book is mine.
– The house is theirs.

[6] Functioning as appositive


– You all student should study hard.
– He himself misunderstood my message.
UNIT 34: PRONOUNS 16

Exercises

Ex 3 – p. 135
Ex 4 – p. 136
Ex 8 – p. 137

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