International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics

Volume 119 No. 14 2018, 1089-1093

ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)
url: http://www.ijpam.eu
Special Issue
ijpam.eu

   
AUTOMATIC SEED SOWING & IRRIGATION AGRIBOT USING ARDUINO
1
M.Aravind kumar,2 Akkarapalli sanjeev reddy,3 k.sagadevan.
1,2,3
Department of ECE, IFET College of Engineering and Technology, Villupuram, India

Abstract: The zone of horticulture is so wide, thusly this the seeds by hand.Sometimes method of digging i.e.
field requires the advance technologies in the process of making gaps and dropping seeds by hand is utilized.
sowing, cropping, cutting& irrigation. So the disclosure Likewise a couple of bullocks is utilized to convey the
of Agriculture is the primary enormous advance towards substantial hardware of leveling and seed dropping.
acculturated life. Advancement in agricultural tools, is Subsequently agriculturists need to utilize redesigned
the fundamental pattern of rural change. This innovation for development movement (digging, seed
advancement in technology will not affect the nature of sowing, irrigation etc.). So it's an ideal opportunity to
soil and increase the efficiency of getting crop. computerize this procedure by cutting edge machine.
Nowadays the accessibility of work is a major problem The propelled machine is called as "Agribot". While
faced by farmer. The proposed machine limits the planning this machine contamination has as been
working expense and furthermore decreases the ideal control, by utilizing sun oriented board. The vitality
opportunity for burrowing seed sowing & irrigation required for agribot is less as contrasted and different
operations by utilizing solar energy to operate the machines like tractors or any horticulture instruments;
agribot. An adequate water supply is important for plant additionally this vitality is getting from the sunlight
growth. When rainfall is not sufficient, the plants need based vitalitywhich is found abundantly in nature.
additional water. Our undertaking encourages the Driverless robots are designed to replace human labour.
ranchers to inundate the farmland in a proficiency route The proposed Agribot performs digging, seed sowing,
with computerized water system framework in view of irrigation and covering seeds simultaneously and
soil dampness sensor. It depends on the edge esteem and powered by solar panel with a automatic control. India is
the sensor esteems. This water system averts soil the freshwater user in the world. The agricultural sector
disintegration, spare water and can likewise supply is the biggest user of water, followed by the domestic
manure to crops. The most essential procedure is it sector and the industrial sector. Ground water
permits water preservation as water provided in a contributes to around 65% of the country’s total water
focused on way close to the root zone. Seed sowing, demand. Today water has become one of the most
digging & irrigation robot will proceed onward different precious resources on the earth. At, 1790 the world’s
ground shapes and performs burrowing, sowing the seed population is 800 million to just over 7 billion today [3].
and gives an good environment for proper growth. Population growth is one of the major disadvantages of
water reduction. Majority of the world’s poor people live
Keywords: Seed sowing, Irrigation, Agribot . in rural areas. Their main income from the agriculture.
Poverty and Hunger must be eradicated in our
1. Introduction generation. But nowadays agriculture is reduced.
Modern agriculture depends on engineering and
Today the environmental influence of agricultural technology. To increase the agriculture to save our
production is very much in focus and the demands to the country from poverty and Future Generation [4]. By
industry is Increasing. In the present situation, a large using this type of system to develop our agriculture.
portion of the urban areas in India don't have adequate
talented labor in agrarian segment and that influences the 2. Existing Model
progress agriculture in developing country [1].
Agriculture field contribute their presence in the Indian In the existing model there is a similarity in previous
economy and it will continue to remain seed sowing machine are developed so far and there is
no smart work done by it except seed sowing [1]. It need
so far a long time. In any procedure of horticultural field some man power to pull the machine (forward, left, right
opportuneness is required. Is most imperative factor and or back) and after seed sowing covering the soil by man
it can be accomplish by utilizing a fitting utilized of power. Else one man can stand on their to operate the
little ,convenient and propel innovation. Physically seed machine. At present irrigation robot are developed and
sowing will cause the wasteful and erroneous seed implemented. Irrigation robot which is capable of
sowing [2]. Manual technique incorporates broadcasting performing action such as watering. But in the existing
  

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model we need more number of moisture sensor to cover 2) To integrate fertilizers mechanism on the robot
1 acres [2]. E-MAIL concept used in drip irrigation and in addition watering the plant.
system. Sender and receiver are assigned. Ultrasonic 3) To incorporate a system for sowing the seed in the
sensor is used to measure the water level. This system is yield arrive.
watering the plants automatically without any manual
method and also depends on the weather conditions [8]. Pump is associated with the pipe used to nourished the
IOT concept is used. Hardware and software systems are specific plant where there is a requirement for water.
developed. Monitored and control the field Water level sensor is utilized to screen the level of water
automatically. Assembly language is used to store data. in the farm. Relays are used as remote control switches
LCD can display the status of the system. This system and allows a little current stream circuit to control higher
can reduce the human factor, energy, power [9]. To current circuit. It depends on rule of electromagnetic
measure the soil moisture and roughness retrieval is induction. This method limits the loss of water. The
performed by the optimization. This also shows the programming language used in Arduino is C++ language
measurement and roughness of the soil. In previous days and is known as arduino language. The principle of
microwave remote sensing technology is used to proposed system is efficient, handles water consequently
measure the soil moisture [10]. and collects the environmental parameter.

3. Proposed Model
The agribot is started through the configuration of
In the proposed model, there is no need of man power Adafruit driver. After that robot can start moving
and operate the agribot the man where ever it. It has a forward and performs two jobs simultaneously. Like
programmed control toward all path and programmed digging & sowing are covering the dirt. The sharp
seed sowing and covering the dirt. It keep up legitimate pointed iron appended on the front of agribot dig the soil
separating starting with one plant then onto the next and for sowing seed. Parallely seed are taken by seed taken
it has appropriate usage of seed should be possible with by and are ready to fall in digging area. Once the seed
less misfortune. It performs different concurrent task and are dropped in the soil the supporter is connected at the
thus spares work necessity, work cost, work time, add up back end of agribot covers the land with soil. If obstacle
to cost of sparing and can be reasonable for the is detected by ultrasonic sensor, it will stop the agribot
agriculturist. It achives programmed in rural area. We and seed sowing operation. The arduino tells agribot to
need to build up a versatile computerize water system move left, right, back or front based on the ultrasonic
robot framework that plays out the assignment of the signal and continue its operation. After every 3 seconds
ranchers, for example, sowing the seed, straightening the the agribot will stop the seed sowing and the adafruit
land, manures and water and supply to the product. drive operate the robotic (ARM) move forward and
downwards to the soil digging the moisture sensor. The
soil moisture level is low, the sensor send the
information to arduino mega and ON the pump for water
flow. The servo motor will sowing the fertilizer like
(urea,complex..etc) for a plant growth. The float switch
will indicate the water level of the tank. If the field
reaches the threshold level of the sensor pump will
automatically OFF and the robotic ARM backs
to the home position. Once the agribot complete the seed
sowing process in the entire agriculture area, it find
obstacle at two side. We can stop the operation of
agribot completely. Servo motor is used for seed taken.
LCD is used for display the direction.

Fig 1 : Proposed System Model

The difficulties of this venture are:

1) To straighten the water system arrive through

smoothing.
  

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4. Proposed Model Diagram 6) Moisture Sensor:

In soil, dielectric permittivity is a component of the

water content. The sensor makes a voltage relative to the
dielectric permittivity, and in this way the water
substance of the dirt.

7) Robotic Arm:

"A mechanical arm is a sort of mechanical arm,

generally programmable, with comparable capacities to a
Fig 2 Proposed Model human arm; the arm might be the whole of the
instruments or might be a piece of more complex robot.”
5. Components Of Proposed System
8) Float Switch:
1) Arduino Mega:
We recommend our float type level switch for
The Arduino Mega is a microcontroller board in low cost liquid measurement. The principle of float type
perspective of the ATmega2560. It has 54 modernized level meter is that a float moves up and down due to
info/yield pins (of which 14 can be used as PWM buoyancy. A reed switch in a stem is actuated by a
yields), 16 basic data sources, 4 UARTs (hardware magnet in the float, and outputs detection signal .
serial; ports), a 16 MHz valuable stone oscillator, a USB
affiliation, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset get. 9) Relay:

2) Ultrasonic Sensor: A hand-off is an electrically worked switch. It utilize an

electromagnet to mechanically worked the switch and
This sensor is utilized to compute the separation by give electrical separation between two circuits.
utilizing ultrasonic waves.The time between the sending
and getting the waves gives the separation. 5.1 Algorithm

3) Dc Motor: 1) Step1: Start

2) Step2: Initialize the system on arduino
A DC engine is any of a class of revolving electric microcontroller ATmega328.
machines that change over direct current electrical 3) Step3: DC motor will run forward and servo
vitality into mechanical vitality. The most widely motor start sowing and also simultaneously
recognized writes transfer on the power deliver by digging operation.
attractive field.Almost all kind of DC engine have some 4) Step4: Ultrasonic sensor will detect the obstacle
interior instrument , either electromechanical or and make a decision to turn by the allocation of
electronic , to intermittently alter the course of current programming sequence.
stream in part of the engine. 5) Step5: covering the soil by an agribot.
6) Step6: DC motor will stop and servomotor will
4) Servo Motor: stop seed sowing.
7) Step7: Robotic ARM will start the operation on
The MG995 Metal Gear Servo on PWM standard, move forward digging the moisture sensor in to
implies its point of revolution is controlled by the length the soil.
connected heartbeat to its control PIN. 8) Step8: If the soil moisture level is low, the sensor
sends the information to the motor at that time.
5) Pump: Motor flows the water to the field.
9) Step9: Servomotor ON to sowing the fertilizer like
"All pumps utilize essential power of nature to move a (urea, complex…etc)
fluid. As the moving pump part (impeller, vane, cylinder 10) Step10: If the field reach the threshold level the
stomach, and so on. sensor and motor will automatically OFF.
11) Step11: If step10 is complete, it will go to step3.
  

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5. Conclusion [9] Ms.Sweta S.patil, prof.Mrs.A.V.
Malvijay,"Survey for ARM based farming field
This Automatic seed sowing & irrigation Agribot has observing system",International Journal of
increase productivity for INDIAN farmer. The chassis Scientific and Research productions, Volume 4,
handles the complete weight of solar panel, battery and Issue 2, February 2014.
the hardware mounted on agribot which is able to
[10] Thomas J. Jackson, Fellow, IEEE, Michael H.
perform each and every operation skillfully and
Cosh, Rajat Bindlish, Senior Member, IEEE,
successfully. The irrigation process is done better than
Patric J.Starks, David D. Bosch, Mark Seyfried,
before to yield the proper production done before and
David C. Goodrich, Mary Susan Moran, Senior
usage of water level is limited and increase the
Member, IEEE, and Jinyang Du , "Approval of
production rate.
Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer Soil
Moisture Products", IEEE 2010
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