# A 10-node example for ad-hoc simulation with DSR

# Define options
set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type
set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation
model
set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface
type
set val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type
set val(ifq) CMUPriQueue ;# interface queue type
set val(ll) LL ;# link layer type
set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna model
set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq
set val(nn) 10 ;# number of mobilenodes
set val(rp) DSR ;# routing protocol
set val(x) 500 ;# X dimension of topography
set val(y) 400 ;# Y dimension of topography
set val(stop) 50 ;# time of simulation end

set ns [new Simulator]

set tracefd [open simple-dsdv.tr w]
set windowVsTime2 [open win.tr w]
set namtrace [open simwrls.nam w]

$ns trace-all $tracefd

$ns use-newtrace
$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $val(x) $val(y)

# set up topography object

set topo [new Topography]

$topo load_flatgrid $val(x) $val(y)

create-god $val(nn)

#
# Create nn mobilenodes [$val(nn)] and attach them to the channel.
#

# configure the nodes

$ns node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \
-llType $val(ll) \
-macType $val(mac) \
-ifqType $val(ifq) \
-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \
-antType $val(ant) \
-propType $val(prop) \
-phyType $val(netif) \
-channelType $val(chan) \
-topoInstance $topo \
-agentTrace ON \
-routerTrace ON \
-macTrace OFF \
-movementTrace ON

for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } { incr i } {

set node_($i) [$ns node]
}
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} {
 $node_($i) set X_ [expr rand()*500]
$node_($i) set Y_ [expr rand()*400]
$node_($i) set Z_ 0

# Generation of movements
#$ns at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest 250.0 250.0 3.0"
#$ns at 15.0 "$node_(1) setdest 45.0 285.0 5.0"
#$ns at 110.0 "$node_(0) setdest 480.0 300.0 5.0"

# Set a TCP connection between node_(0) and node_(1)

set tcp [new Agent/TCP/Newreno]
$tcp set class_ 2
set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp
$ns attach-agent $node_(9) $sink
$ns connect $tcp $sink
set ftp [new Application/FTP]
$ftp attach-agent $tcp
$ns at 2.0 "$ftp start"

for {set i 0} {$i<$val(nn)} {incr i} {

$ns initial_node_pos $node_($i) 30
}

# Telling nodes when the simulation ends

for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } { incr i } {
$ns at $val(stop) "$node_($i) reset";
}

# ending nam and the simulation

$ns at $val(stop) "$ns nam-end-wireless $val(stop)"
$ns at $val(stop) "stop"
$ns at 150.01 "puts \"end simulation\" ; $ns halt"
proc stop {} {
global ns tracefd namtrace
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefd
close $namtrace
exec nam simwrls.nam &
}

$ns run
 MATLAB

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% %
% This is the LEACH [1] code we have used. %
% The same code can be used for FAIR if m=1 %
% %
% [1] W.R.Heinzelman, A.P.Chandrakasan and H.Balakrishnan, %
% "An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless %
% microsensor networks" %
% IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 1(4):660-670,2002 %
% Mohammad Hossein Homaei %
% Homaei@wsnlab.ir % Homaei@wsnlab.org %
% www.wsnlab.ir & www.wsnlab.ir %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% %
% LEACH Protocol %
% %
% By: Mohammad Hossein Homaei %
% homaei@wsnlab.ir %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
clear;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PARAMETERS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%Field Dimensions - x and y maximum (in meters)/ Tarife Size mohite shabake(m)
xm=100;
ym=100;
%x and y Coordinates of the Sink /
sink.x=0.5*xm;
sink.y=0.5*ym;
%Number of Nodes in the field / Tedade Node haye shabake
n=100
%Optimal Election Probability of a node to become cluster head/ Ehtemale Entekhab Node
be onvane Cluster Head
p=0.1;
%Energy Model (all values in Joules)/ Energy ha bar hasbe Joule
%Initial Energy / Energy Avaliye
Eo=0.5;
%Eelec=Etx=Erx
ETX=50*0.000000001;
ERX=50*0.000000001;
%Transmit Amplifier types / Ghodrate Ersal
Efs=10*0.000000000001;
Emp=0.0013*0.000000000001;
%Data Aggregation Energy/ Energy Masrafi Tajmie Dade
EDA=5*0.000000001;
%Values for Hetereogeneity
%Percentage of nodes than are advanced
m=0.1;
%\alpha
a=1;
%maximum number of rounds/ Max tedade round ha
rmax=200
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% END OF PARAMETERS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%Computation of do/
do=sqrt(Efs/Emp);
%Creation of the random Sensor Network/ Tolide Randome shabake
figure(1);
for i=1:1:n
S(i).xd=rand(1,1)*xm;
XR(i)=S(i).xd;
S(i).yd=rand(1,1)*ym;
 YR(i)=S(i).yd;
S(i).G=0;
%initially there are no cluster heads only nodes/ Dar ebteda hich Cluster Head i
mojud nist
S(i).type='N';

temp_rnd0=i;
%Random Election of Normal Nodes/ Entekhabe Tasadofi Node ha
if (temp_rnd0>=m*n+1)
S(i).E=Eo;
S(i).ENERGY=0;
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'o');
hold on;
end
%Random Election of Advanced Nodes/ Entekhab Tasadofie CH ha
if (temp_rnd0<m*n+1)
S(i).E=Eo*(1+a)
S(i).ENERGY=1;
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'+');
hold on;
end
end
S(n+1).xd=sink.x;
S(n+1).yd=sink.y;
plot(S(n+1).xd,S(n+1).yd,'x');

%First Iteration
figure(1);
%counter for CHs/ Tedade Cluster Head ha
countCHs=0;
%counter for CHs per round/ Tedade CH haye har Round
rcountCHs=0;
cluster=1;
countCHs;
rcountCHs=rcountCHs+countCHs;
flag_first_dead=0;
for r=0:1:rmax
r
%Operation for epoch/ Formule entekhabe CH
if(mod(r, round(1/p) )==0)
for i=1:1:n
S(i).G=0;
S(i).cl=0;
end
end
hold off;
%Number of dead nodes/ Tedade Node haye morde dar kol
dead=0;
%Number of dead Advanced Nodes/ Tedade Node haye CH morde
dead_a=0;
%Number of dead Normal Nodes/ Tedade Node haye morde mamuli
dead_n=0;
%counter for bit transmitted to Bases Station and to Cluster Heads/ Tedade packet haye
ersali be BS
packets_TO_BS=0;
packets_TO_CH=0;
%counter for bit transmitted to Bases Station and to Cluster Heads /Tedade packet haye
Ersali be BS dar har round
%per round
PACKETS_TO_CH(r+1)=0;
PACKETS_TO_BS(r+1)=0;
figure(1);
for i=1:1:n
%checking if there is a dead node/ Check kardane zende budane Node ha
if (S(i).E<=0)
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'red .');
dead=dead+1;
if(S(i).ENERGY==1)
dead_a=dead_a+1;
end
if(S(i).ENERGY==0)
dead_n=dead_n+1;
end
hold on;
end
if S(i).E>0
S(i).type='N';
if (S(i).ENERGY==0)
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'o');
end
if (S(i).ENERGY==1)
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'+');
end
hold on;
end
end
plot(S(n+1).xd,S(n+1).yd,'x');
STATISTICS(r+1).DEAD=dead;
DEAD(r+1)=dead;
DEAD_N(r+1)=dead_n;
DEAD_A(r+1)=dead_a;
%When the first node dies/ Pas az marge avalin Node
if (dead==1)
if(flag_first_dead==0)
first_dead=r
flag_first_dead=1;
end
end
countCHs=0;
cluster=1;
for i=1:1:n
if(S(i).E>0)
temp_rand=rand;
if ( (S(i).G)<=0)
%Election of Cluster Heads/ Entekhabe CH
if(temp_rand<= (p/(1-p*mod(r,round(1/p)))))
countCHs=countCHs+1;
packets_TO_BS=packets_TO_BS+1;
PACKETS_TO_BS(r+1)=packets_TO_BS;

S(i).type='C';
S(i).G=round(1/p)-1;
C(cluster).xd=S(i).xd;
C(cluster).yd=S(i).yd;
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'k*');

distance=sqrt( (S(i).xd-(S(n+1).xd) )^2 + (S(i).yd-(S(n+1).yd) )^2 );

C(cluster).distance=distance;
C(cluster).id=i;
X(cluster)=S(i).xd;
Y(cluster)=S(i).yd;
cluster=cluster+1;
 %Calculation of Energy dissipated/ Mohasebe energy masrafi
distance;
if (distance>do)
S(i).E=S(i).E- ( (ETX+EDA)*(4000) + Emp*4000*(
distance*distance*distance*distance ));
end
if (distance<=do)
S(i).E=S(i).E- ( (ETX+EDA)*(4000) + Efs*4000*( distance * distance
));
end
end

end
end
end
STATISTICS(r+1).CLUSTERHEADS=cluster-1;
CLUSTERHS(r+1)=cluster-1;
%Election of Associated Cluster Head for Normal Nodes/ Entekhabe CH marbute baraye
Node haye mamuli
for i=1:1:n
if ( S(i).type=='N' && S(i).E>0 )
if(cluster-1>=1)
min_dis=sqrt( (S(i).xd-S(n+1).xd)^2 + (S(i).yd-S(n+1).yd)^2 );
min_dis_cluster=1;
for c=1:1:cluster-1
temp=min(min_dis,sqrt( (S(i).xd-C(c).xd)^2 + (S(i).yd-C(c).yd)^2 ) );
if ( temp<min_dis )
min_dis=temp;
min_dis_cluster=c;
end
end

%Energy dissipated by associated Cluster Head/ Mohasebe energy masrafi CH ha

min_dis;
if (min_dis>do)
S(i).E=S(i).E- ( ETX*(4000) + Emp*4000*( min_dis * min_dis * min_dis *
min_dis));
end
if (min_dis<=do)
S(i).E=S(i).E- ( ETX*(4000) + Efs*4000*( min_dis * min_dis));
end
%Energy dissipated/ Masrafe energy kol
if(min_dis>0)
S(C(min_dis_cluster).id).E = S(C(min_dis_cluster).id).E- ( (ERX + EDA)*4000
);
PACKETS_TO_CH(r+1)=n-dead-cluster+1;
end
S(i).min_dis=min_dis;
S(i).min_dis_cluster=min_dis_cluster;

end
end
end
hold on;
countCHs;
rcountCHs=rcountCHs+countCHs;
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% STATISTICS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%
% DEAD : a rmax x 1 array of number of dead nodes/round
%
% DEAD_A : a rmax x 1 array of number of dead Advanced nodes/round
%
% DEAD_N : a rmax x 1 array of number of dead Normal nodes/round
%
% CLUSTERHS : a rmax x 1 array of number of Cluster Heads/round
%
% PACKETS_TO_BS : a rmax x 1 array of number packets send to Base Station/round
%
% PACKETS_TO_CH : a rmax x 1 array of number of packets send to ClusterHeads/round
%
% first_dead: the round where the first node died
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%

Sample Ns2 code for Spin Protocol

Int RCAgent::command(int argc, const char*const* argv)
{

TclObject *obj;
Tcl& tcl = Tcl::instance();

if (argc == 3) {

if(strcmp(argv[1], "log-target") == 0) {

log_target = (Trace*) TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);

if(log_target == 0)
return TCL_ERROR;
return TCL_OK;

} else if(strcmp(argv[1], "log") == 0) {

log(argv[2]);
return TCL_OK;

} else if (argc == 4){

if (strcasecmp(argv[1], "add-ll") == 0) {

if( (obj = TclObject::lookup(argv[2])) == 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "RCAgent: %s lookup of %s failed\n", argv[1],

argv[2]);
return TCL_ERROR;

}
ll = (NsObject*) obj;
if( (obj = TclObject::lookup(argv[3])) == 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "RCAgent: %s lookup of %s failed\n", argv[1],

argv[2]);
return TCL_ERROR;

}
mac = (Mac*) obj;
return TCL_OK;

} else if (argc == 5) {

if (strcmp(argv[1], "sendmsg") == 0) {

int destination;
if (Tcl_GetInt(tcl.interp(),(char *)argv[4], &destination) != TCL_OK) {

fprintf(stderr, "RCAgent: could not convert %s to int", argv[4]);

return TCL_ERROR;

}
RCAgent::sendmsg(atoi(argv[2]), argv[3], destination, -1);
return (TCL_OK);

} else if (argc == 6) {

if (strcmp(argv[1], "sendmsg") == 0) {

int mac_dst;
if (Tcl_GetInt(tcl.interp(),(char *)argv[4], &mac_dst) != TCL_OK) {

fprintf(stderr, "RCAgent: could not convert %s to int", argv[4]);

return TCL_ERROR;

}
int link_dst;
if (Tcl_GetInt(tcl.interp(),(char *)argv[5], &link_dst) != TCL_OK) {

fprintf(stderr, "RCAgent: could not convert %s to int", argv[5]);

return TCL_ERROR;

}
RCAgent::sendmsg(atoi(argv[2]), argv[3], mac_dst, link_dst);
return (TCL_OK);

}
return Agent::command(argc, argv);