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Physics 111 Common Exam 3 Formulas

Conversion Factors: 1 inch = 2.54 cm; 1 mi =1609.3 m; 1 cm=10-2 m; 1 mm= 10-3 m; 1 g=10-3 kg;
; G 6.674 ×10−11 N m2/kg2 ; M Earth
Physical constants: g = 9.8 m/s2 = = 5.97 ×1024 kg ; REarth
= 6.37 ×106 m
Math: 360° = 2π radians = 1 revolution. Arc length s = rθ ; Vsphere = 4π R 3 / 3 ; Asphere = 4π R 2 ; Acircle = π R 2
−b ± b 2 − 4ac
quadratic formula to solve ax + bx + c =0 : x=
2

2a
Ay
A = Ax2 + Ay2 ; θ = tan A = Ax î + Ayĵ
-1
Vectors: Ax = A cosθ; Ay = A sinθ; ;
Ax
A + B = C ⇒ Cx = Ax + Bx , Cy = Ay + By; A ⋅ B =| A || B | cos θ = A x B x + A y B y ;

1 2 v2 − v02 v + v2
One-dimensional motion: x = vavrt ; x = x 0 + v ot + at , x= ; v = vo + at; x= 1 t;
2 2a 2

1 2 v 2 − vo2 v 2 v0y
Free-fall: y =y0 + vo t - gt , v = vo - gt, y= ; y max = 0 t tot =
2 − 2g 2g 2g

1 1
ax t ) î + (voy t + ay t ) ĵ v = (vox + ax t) î + (voy + ayt) ĵ;
2 2
Two-dimensional motion: r = r0 + (vox t +
2 2
v y − v oy
2 2
1 2
Projectile motion: x = voxt ; y = v0yt - gt ; vy = voy - gt; vox = vocosθ; voy = vosinθ; y= ;
2 − 2g

v o 2 sin 2θ gx 2 voy 2 2 voy

Range = ; y = (tan θ) ⋅ x − y max = t tot = Circular motion: ac =
g 2( v 0 cos θ) 2 2g 2g

v2 2πR 2
; period T = ; Dynamic: Fnet = ma; Fnetx = max ; Fnety = may; |Fg| = mg, ; g = 9.8 m/s ;
R v
mv 2
Fnet = ;
r
Incline: Fgx(along an incline) = mgsinθ Fgy(perpendicular to an incline) = mgcosθ

work: W = F ⋅ d = Fdcosφ;
1 2 2
Wmg = mg(y0 - y) , Fspring = -kx ; Wspring = /2 k(x0 -x )
W 1
Fk = µkN;
2
Wfr = -Fk d; Wtot = Kf - Ki ; Pavg = P = F Kinetic energy: K= mv
∆t 2

1 2
Ug = mg(y-y0) Us = /2 kx , Ugi + Usi + KI = Ugf + Usf + Kf Ugi + Usi + KI + Wnc = Ugf + Usf + Kf

momentum: p = mv; Pi = Pf ; m 1vi1 + m2vi2 = m1vf1 + m2vf2 ; Fnet ∆t = mvf - mvi

m1 − m 2 2m 2 2m1 m − m1
elastic: v1' = v1 + v 2 ; v 2' = v1 + 2 v 2 , perf. inelastic: m 1vi1 + m2vi2 = (m 1 + m2) V
m1 + m 2 m1 + m 2 m1 + m 2 m1 + m 2

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m1 x1 + m 2 x 2 mv 1 + m 2 v 2
x com = v com = 1m = 100 cm = 1000 mm 1 hour = 60 min = 3600 sec.
m1 + m 2 m1 + m 2

1 1
Rcom = Σm i ri vcom= Σm i v i
M M

360° = 2π radians = 1 revolution. s = rθ vt = rω at = rα ac = ar =vt2/r = ω2r atot2 = ar2 + at2

ω = ωo + αt θf − θo = ωot +½αt2 ωf2 − ωo2 = 2α(θ − θo) θ − θo = ½(ω+ ωo)t Krot = 1/2Iω2 I = Σmiri2
Ipoint = mr2 Ihoop = MR2 Idisk = 1/2 MR2 Isphere = 2/5 MR2 Ishell = 2/3 MR2 Irod (center) = 1/12 ML2 Irod (end) = 1/3 ML2

τ = force×moment arm = F⋅r⋅sin(φ) τnet = Στ= Ι α Fnet = ΣF = m a τ=rxF Ip = Icm + Mh2

Wtot = ∆K = Kf − KI W = τnet∆θ K = Krot + Kcm Emech = K + U Paverage = ∆W/∆t
Pinstantaneous = τ⋅ω (for τ constant) ∆Emech= 0 (isolated system) vcom = ωr (rolling, no slipping)
l=rxp p = mv L = Σ li τnet = dL/dt L = Iω lpoint mass = m⋅r⋅v⋅sin(φ)
For isolated systems: τnet = 0 L is constant ∆L = 0 L0 = Σ I0ω0 = Lf = Σ Ifωf