Manu BIPL
Manu BIPL
Manu BIPL
2016-2017
Date:13-09-2017
CERTIFICATE
Mr. K. Dinesh Dr. G.P. Dinesh, MBA, Ph.D. Dr. V.C. Patil, M.Tech., Ph.D.
Internal Guide Professor & Dean Principal
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I feel great pleasure for the completion of this project. At the very outset I would express
my sincere thanks and deep sense of gratitude to personnel who helped me during the
collection of data and gave me rare and valuable guidance for the preparation of this
report.
I also express my gratitude towards my parents & sincere thanks to my friends, and also
all the faculty members of MBA Dept., well- wishers for their encouragement and kind
co-operation to complete this report.
Chapters Page
number
Chapter 1: Introduction about the Internship 01-02
1.1 Industry profile 03-16
Bibliography 44
List of Tables and Graphs Page number
1 Current steel footprint in India 09
2 Indian steel Industry 11
3 Segment wise production and capacity utilisation 12
4 Demand and usage of Sponge iron 12
5 DRI production world wide 16
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
I have undertaken the internship work at Bellary Ispat Pvt. Ltd, Ballari. I had access
to meet the employees of various departments for the considerable time duration of 4
weeks which helped me to gain insight about the type of work they do and study the
functions and role of each department in the organisation.
The report also features the McKensy’s 7S framework with reference to the
organisation and SWOT analysis, in the present scenario. As result of the study, it has
been able to get hands on experience of the work culture in the organisation.
Organisation Study (16MBAIN307)
CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE INTERNSHIP
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Data collection:
Primary data will be collected through personal interview with the Director of the
company along with each HOD of the department and monitoring daily routine work
at the organisation.
The industry profile will be collected through internet and articles relating to steel, iron
ore manufacturing, its utilization, along with graphs and images depicting the use of
sponge iron and steel in India and world.
Analysis will be done with respect to organisation rules and policies prevailing it, data
that I collect will be accurate and without any misrepresentation of the company.
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INDUSTRY PROFILE:
Indians were familiar with iron and steel, during Vedic age more than 400 years ago. It
is evident from the iron pillar at the outskirts of Delhi. But the seeds of modern steel
industry were sown by Sir Jemshedji Tata, with Tata Iron & Steel Co-TISCO (Tata
Steel) as the first integrated steel plant to be set up in 1907. At the time of Independence
India possessed a small viable steel industry with an annual capacity of 1.3 million
tones. In 1951 finished steel production in India was 1.1 million tones. It was the first
core sector to be completely freed from the licensing regime (in 1990-91) and the
pricing and distribution controls. The steel industry is expanding worldwide. For a
number of years, it has been benefiting from the exceptionally buoyant Asian
economies (mainly India and China). The economic modernization processes in these
countries are driving the sharp rise in demand for steel.
Direct-reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron, is produced from the direct
reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets or fines) to iron by a reducing gas
or elementary carbon produced from natural gas or coal. Many ores are suitable for
direct reduction.
Reduced iron derives its name from the chemical change that iron ore undergoes when
it is heated in a furnace at high temperatures in the presence of hydrocarbon-rich gases,
carbon monoxide or elementary carbon. Direct reduction refers to processes which
reduce iron oxides to metallic iron at temperatures below the melting point of iron. The
product of such solid state processes is called direct reduced iron. The reducing gas is
a mixture of gases, primarily hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO). The process
temperature is typically 800 to 1200 °C.
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Global Scenario
In 2016, the world crude steel production reached 1630 million tonnes (MT)
and showed a growth of 0.6% over 2015.
China remained world’s largest crude steel producer in 2016 (808 MT) followed
by Japan (105 MT), India (96 MT) and the USA (79 MT).
World Steel Association has projected Indian steel demand to grow by 6.1% in
2017 and by 7.1% in 2018 while globally, steel demand has been projected to
grow by 1.3% in 2017 and by 0.9% in 2018. Chinese steel use is projected to
show nil growth in 2017 and decline by 2% in 2018.
Per capita finished steel consumption in 2016 is placed at 208 kg for world and
493 kg for China by World Steel Association
Domestic Scenario
The Indian steel industry has entered into a new development stage, post de-
regulation, riding high on the resurgent economy and rising demand for steel.
Rapid rise in production has resulted in India becoming the 3rd largest producer
of crude steel in 2015 as well as in 2016. The country was the largest producer
of sponge iron or DRI in the world during the period 2003-2015 and emerged
as the 2nd largest global producer of DRI in 2016 (after Iran). India is also the
3rd largest finished steel consumer in the world and maintained this status in
2016. Such rankings are based on provisional data released by the World Steel
Association for the above year.
In this role, the Government has released the National Steel Policy 2017, which
has laid down the broad roadmap for encouraging long term growth for the
Indian steel industry, both on demand and supply sides, by 2030-31.
The said Policy is an updated version of National Steel Policy 2005 which was
released
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earlier and provided a long-term growth perspective for the domestic iron and
steel
industry by 2019-20.
REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT
The national policy seeks to facilitate the creation of additional capacity, removal of
procedural and policy bottlenecks that affect the availability of production inputs,
increased investment in research and development, and the creation of road, railway,
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and port infrastructure. The policy focuses on the domestic sector but also envisages a
steel industry growing faster than domestic consumption, which will enable export
opportunities to be realised. Current steel investment plans India’s ready availability of
iron ore and low cost labor contribute significantly to the cost competitiveness of
producing steel in India. Notably, Tata Steel, the second largest steel producer in India,
has been (with Posco) the world’s lowest cost steel producer since 2001.
A comparative advantage for India’s iron and steel industry is the ready domestic
availability of significant reserves of high quality iron ore (a key raw material input to
steel making), predominantly in the east of India. Although current steel production
capacity is located in both the east (.at products from large producers near iron ore
supplies) and in the west (long products from smaller producers nearer large
construction centers), most significant forthcoming developments are planned in the
east to take advantage of low cost iron ore supply. Of particular interest to investors in
the Indian iron and steel industry is the state of Orissa, where abundant natural
resources and a large coastline make it an attractive target. It contains 25 per cent of
India’s iron ore reserves and 20% per cent of India’s coal reserves.
a. Steel Demand
b. Steel Capacity
c. Raw Materials
d. Land, Water and Power
e. Infrastructure & Logistics
f. Product Quality
g. Technological Efficiency
h. MSME Sector
i. Value Addition in Stainless/ Alloy Steel
j. Environment Management
k. Safety
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l. Trade
m. Financial Risks
n. Role of CPSEs & Way Forward
o. Focus on High-End Research: Steel Research & Technology Mission of India
Chaudhury Birender Singh has been appointed the new union steel minister. He
replaces Narendra Singh Tomar who has been in charge of the steel & mines ministry
since the NDA government was sworn in 2014.Jul 5, 2016
Shri Birender Singh has given a new direction and vision to the Indian Steel Sector
after assuming charge as the Minister. Draft National Steel Policy‐2017 has been put
in public domain outlining the roadmap for the Steel Sector. Under his leadership,
India’s export of steel has doubled and the country has become a net exporter of steel
after a gap of three years. Unabated growth in imports of steel has been curbed resulting
in imports coming down by 38% in 2016‐17 compared to last fiscal. He has been
spearheading the nationwide drive to enhance steel consumption in India using
innovative and out‐of‐box thinking. GFR Guidelines‐2017 have incorporated Life
Cycle Cost analysis, which is likely to result in higher steel consumption. MSTC Metal
Mandi was launched in October 2016, as a niche platform for trading of steel and other
metals. Two regional conferences have been organized in Eastern & Northern India
with the aim of popularizing use of steel among the decision‐makers and end‐users.
Inter‐Ministerial Task Forces and Committees have been constituted to examine the
potential areas of steel usage for better results. Industry veterans and top professionals
have acknowledged the vibrancy and dynamism that Shri Singh has imparted to the
Steel Sector in India in a short span of 10 months.
The Government has chalked out an extremely ambitious plan of Housing for all by
2022 as well as schemes such as Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna, Saansad Adarsh Gram
Yojna etc. These provide a huge opportunity for use of steel intensive structures and
designs, usage of pre-fabricated and precast steel structures, etc. Hence, Ministry will
take all necessary measures to promote the increased usage of steel intensive
structures/designs under these schemes.
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The government has already come up with Mines and Minerals (Development and
Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015 which gives greater emphasis on time bound mine
development and increased stress on mineral exploration and sustainable mining
operations. The Act has brought clarity on mine allocation process (through auction)
and procedure for mining lease renewal and provides for reservation of any particular
mine for a particular end use and put conditions permitting auction among such eligible
end users.
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), has formulated a large number of Indian Standards
for most of the iron and steel products produced in the country. Actual implementation
of these standards by the industry is however limited, resulting in large scale
production, imports and use of sub-standard material, putting infrastructure and public
safety at risk.
India over the years has developed a strong MSME sector (comprising of DRI-EAF/IF
route based steel producers and rolling mills) which is unique to India. It embodies the
entrepreneurial and innovative strengths of Indian steel industry which turned the
unavailability of coking coal – a key input for BF-BOF route into an opportunity.
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Adoption of energy efficient technologies in the MSME steel sector will be encouraged
to improve the overall productivity & reduce energy intensity. Small and medium iron
and steel making units will be encouraged to be set up in the proposed industrial
corridors and clusters for optimal utilization of land and reach economies of scale.
The Indian steel industry is structured in between three broad categories based on route
wise production viz. BF-BOF, EAF and IF. BF-BOF route producers have large
integrated steel making facilities which utilize iron ore and coking coal for production
of steel. Currently, the BF-BOF route had a combined capacity of around 50 MT at
utilization level of 82%1. Unlike other large steel producers, the Indian steel industry
is also characterized by the presence of a large number of small steel producers who
utilize sponge iron, melting scrap and non-coking coal (EAF/IF route) for steelmaking.
As on March 2016, there were 308 sponge iron producers that use iron ore/ pellets and
non-coking coal/gas providing feedstock for steel production; 1175 electric arc
furnaces & induction furnaces that use sponge iron and/or melting scrap to produce
semi-finished steel and 1392 re-rollers that rolls out semi-finished steel into finished
steel products for consumer end use.
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Over the past two decades, the Indian steel industry has developed capabilities of
producing a wide range of sophisticated steel at par with global best practices
addressing diverse needs of the end user industries. However, India still needs to make
a special effort to domestically produce steel for high end applications, electrical steel
(CRGO), special steel and alloys for Power equipment, Aerospace, Defense and
Nuclear applications.
Market Size
India’s crude steel output grew 10.7 per cent year-on-year to 25.76 million tonnes (MT)
during January-March 2017. India’s crude steel output during April 2017 grew by 5.4
per cent year-on-year to 8.107 MT. India’s finished steel exports rose 102.1 per cent to
8.24 MT, while imports fell by 36.6 per cent to 7.42 MT in 2016-17. India’s steel
exports rose 142 per cent in April 2017 to 747,000 tonnes over April 2016, while
imports fell by 23 per cent to 504,000 tonnes in April 2017 over April 2016.
Total consumption of finished steel grew by 3.4 per cent year-on-year at 6.015 MT
during April 2017.
Production
Steel industry was de-licensed and de-controlled in 1991 & 1992 respectively.
India is currently the 3rd largest producer of crude steel in the world.
In 2016-17 (prov.), production for sale of total finished steel (alloy + non alloy) was
100.74 MT, a growth of 10.7% over 2015-16.
Production for sale of Pig Iron in 2016-17 (prov.) was 9.39 MT, a growth of 1.8%
over 2015-16.
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India was the largest producer of sponge iron in the world during the period 2003-
2015
and was the 2nd largest producer in 2016 (after Iran). The coal based route accounted
for 79% of total sponge iron production in the country in 2016-17 (prov).
Data on production / production for sale of pig iron, sponge iron and total finished
steel
(alloy/stainless + non-alloy) are given below for last five years and April-May 2017:
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The above figure shows that Sponge iron is more used than other iron ore.
There is bean a continuous increase in the usage and demand of DRI-Sponge iron
from 1970 to 2000 and from 2002 to 2007 increase of 25% and slight decrease of 5%
in 2009-2010,
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Direct-reduced iron has about the same iron content as pig iron, typically 90–
94% total iron (depending on the quality of the raw ore) as opposed to about
93% for molten pig iron, so it is an excellent feedstock for the electric furnaces
used by mini mills, allowing them to use lower grades of scrap for the rest of
the charge or to produce higher grades of steel.
Hot-briquetted iron (HBI) is a compacted form of DRI designed for ease of
shipping, handling, and storage.
Hot direct reduced iron (HDRI) is iron not cooled before discharge from the
reduction furnace, that is immediately transported to a waiting electric arc
furnace and charged, thereby saving energy.
The direct reduction process uses pelletized iron ore or natural "lump" ore. One
exception is the fluidized bed process which requires sized iron ore particles.
The direct reduction process can use natural gas contaminated with inert gases,
avoiding the need to remove these gases for other use. However, any inert gas
contamination of the reducing gas lowers the effect (quality) of that gas stream
and the thermal efficiency of the process.
Supplies of powdered ore and raw natural gas are both available in areas such
as Northern Australia, avoiding transport costs for the gas. In most cases the
DRI plant is located near natural gas source as it is more cost effective to ship
the ore rather than the gas.
This method produces 97% pure iron.
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Sponge iron is not useful by itself, but can be processed to create wrought iron.
The sponge is removed from the furnace, called a bloomery, and repeatedly
beaten with heavy hammers and folded over to remove the slag, oxidise any
carbon or carbide and weld the iron together. This treatment usually creates
wrought iron with about three percent slag and a fraction of a percent of other
impurities. Further treatment may add controlled amounts of carbon, allowing
various kinds of heat treatment (e.g. “steeling”).
Today, sponge iron is created by reducing iron ore without melting it. This
makes for an energy-efficient feedstock for specialty steel manufacturers which
used to rely upon scrap metal.
(i) Steel: The liberalization of industrial policy and other initiatives taken by the
Government have given a definite impetus for entry, participation and growth of the
private sector in the steel industry. While the existing units are being
modernized/expanded, a large number of new steel plants have also come up in
different parts of the country based on modern, cost effective, state of-the-art
technologies. In the last few years, the rapid and stable growth of the demand side has
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Crude steel capacity was 126.33 MT in 2016-17 (prov.), up by 3.6% over 2015-16 and
India, which emerged as the 3rd largest producer of crude steel in the world in 2016 as
per provisional ranking released by the World Steel Association, has to its credit, the
capability to produce a variety of grades and that too, of international quality standards.
The country is expected to become the 2nd largest producer of crude steel in the world
soon.
(ii) Pig Iron: India is also an important producer of pig iron. Post-liberalization, with
setting up several units in the private sector, not only imports have drastically reduced
but also India has turned out to be a net exporter of pig iron. The private sector
accounted for 92% of total production for sale of pig iron in the country in 2016-17
(prov.). The production for sale of pig iron has increased from 1.6 MT in 1991-92 to
9.39 MT in 2016-17 (prov.).
iii) Sponge Iron: India, world’s 2nd largest producer of sponge iron (2016, prov.), has
a host of coal based units located in the mineral-rich states of the country. Over the
years, the coal based route has emerged as a key contributor and accounted for 79% of
total sponge iron production in the country. Capacity in sponge iron making too has
increased over the years and stood at around 43 MT (2015-16).
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CHAPTER 2:
ORGANISATIONAL PROFILE:
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i. BACKGROUND:
Directors of Bellary Ispat Private Limited are Srinivasa Rao Thotakura and Aruna
Thotakura.
CIN U01010KA2005PTC036071
Company Name BELLARY ISPAT PRIVATE LIMITED
Company Status Active
RoC RoC-Bangalore
Registration Number 36071
Company Category Company limited by Shares
Company Sub Category Non-Govt company
Class of Company Private
Date of Incorporation 15 April 2005
Age of Company 12 years
Activity Iron ore
Number of Employees 75
Capacity of the unit 100 TPD
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a. VISION:
The vision and success of this team is in its strength and relationship, we constantly
strive to achieve the highest possible standards in our day-to-day work and in the
quality of the goods.
b. MISSION:
BIPL is committed to sustainable and continual improvement in its activities pertaining
to the handling of raw materials, production & marketing of sponge iron.
c. QUALITY PROCESS:
Only a perfect blend of manpower, machinery, materials and methodology delivers the
best quality. At Bellary Ispat Pvt Ltd., there are stringent processes enforced to
maintained & exceed the levels of quality. The company strives to set and achieve its
quality objectives through adoption of quality system.
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vi. PRODUCT:
Sponge iron, is produced from the direct reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps,
pellets or fines) to iron by a reducing gas or elementary carbon produced from natural
gas or coal. Many ores are suitable for direct reduction.
Reduced iron derives its name from the chemical change that iron ore undergoes when
it is heated in a furnace at high temperatures in the presence of hydrocarbon-rich gases,
carbon monoxide or elementary carbon. Direct reduction refers to processes which
reduce iron oxides to metallic iron at temperatures below the melting point of iron. The
product of such solid state processes is called direct reduced iron. The reducing gas is
a mixture of gases, primarily hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO). The process
temperature is typically 800 to 1200 °C.
Raw materials: -
PLANT LAYOUT: -
Day bins.
Work separation.
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Maintenance shop.
Sub- stations.
AREA OF OPERATION
As Ballari Ispat Pvt. Ltd, is a small scale industry it functions only in the Ballari
market sells its product to the local customers within Ballari.
PRODUCTION CAPACITY
The plant has 200TPD, Induction furnace 95000 TPA, Rolling Mill 90000 TPA and
Captive power plant 8 MW (4 MW WHRB and 6 MW AFBC)
v. OWNERSHIP PATTERN:
Shae Capital
DIRECTOR DETAILS
DIN Director Name Designation Appointment
Date
01764861 SRINIVASA RAO Managing 19 November
THOTAKURA Director 2005
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10000
COMPETITORS INFORMATION:
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The Hothur Group has been in the business of Iron Ore Mining and Export for over
four decades. The group has a capacity of nearly 7 million tons per annum (MTPA)
and owns the following captive mines in the Bellary district:
a) INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS –
VRKP™ TMT Bars meet the requirements of most developed countries across the
globe.
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b) GREATER SAFETY –
c) PROMISE OF STRENGTH –
VRKP™ TMT Bars are stronger, more bend-able and have higher thermal stability
because of well researched technology that is used in its production.
i. Products:
The company uses superior quality raw materials conforming to the standard is: 2830
to produce in the following sizes - 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 16 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, 28
mm, 32 mm & 36 mm. These sizes are produced in standard lengths of 12 & 11 meters
or specific lengths (between 5 meters to 11 meters) on request from the client.
d) SESMIC APPLICATION –
VRKP™ TMT Bars are the ideal choice even for Seismic 3, 4 & 5 Zones. Globalization
has brought the awareness in India about the deficiencies of CTD bars as the demand
for proper Quenched Self Tempered TMT Bars is increasing in India. Keeping with
this development VRKP is one of the leading groups in South India, delivering to the
challenging requirements of the market.
1. Mr. Srinivas Rao has his own plans to develop the business in terms of
production capacity and distribution of sponge iron.
Development in terms of increasing production units be acquisition of
plants nearby.
2. Expanding the business in future.
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CHAPTER 3:
MCKINSEY’S 7’S FRAMEWORK
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7S’s
Strategy Market development
Skills Skills related to service offering and business support, but few
managerial and analytical skills.
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SRINIVASA RAO
THOTAKURA
&
ARUNA THOTAKURA
Managing
Director's
MR. Toofan
Production
Manager
Nagendra
&
Dharma Naik Jaganath
Mechanical Rudhra
Lab
HOD & HOD
Ali
Electrical
HOD
Iqubal,
Ramamjinailu,
Vinod Reddy
Shift incharge
Workers
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Pay scale depends on the performance of the employee and his experience.
Salary distribution
Based on pay/salary per month
Managerial grade 25000-40000
Supervisor 15000-25000
Skilled employee 10000-15000
Unskilled 8000-10000
Functional Departments
1. Processing Department
2. Mechanical Department
3. Electrical Department
4. Stores Department
5. Civil department
6. Production Department:
2. Raw materials & Raw materials storage and handling
3. Stock house
4. Reduction unit
5. Product separation
6. Waste gas system and cleaning system
7. Compressed air facilities
8. Laboratory facilities
9. Water and Air pollution
10. Noise pollution control
11. Emergency power supply
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Recruitment:
It is carried on by the HOD of the particular department only, i.e. Mechanical-
Production unit HOD, Electrical HOD person with full knowledge about the working
in the operations operating the control panel.
Laboratory testing person skilled with ability to quantify the required quality output
to be produced.
Workers are referred mostly by present employees and previous, and few Walkins.
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CHAPTER 4:
SWOT ANALYSIS
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Strength:
1. Cooperation and coordination among the employees.
2. Communication channel is simple.
3. Skill based employees are hired.
4. Continuous working/ running of plant.
5. Availability of raw material.
6. Steel Factories are located nearby also raw material sources, low transportation
cost.
Weakness:
1. DRI is produced and consumed locally, cannot be exported out or transported
over long distances.
2. Market Fluctuations.
3. Due to poor combustion, thermal efficiency is low and heat exchange is also
low.
4. Solid waste management is pathetic.
5. Open storage of raw materials a major issue.
6. Wages Payment is delayed.
7. Maintenance of the plant is too poor.
Opportunities:
1. Dust and fly ash can be made into bricks.
2. Product circuit dust can be used as activated carbon in edible oil refineries.
3. Technological upgradation:
a. Use of magnetic separator at the discharge end.
b. Use of suction hood, bag filter and ESP to cooler discharge.
c. Use of raw material i.e. coal preheating to reduce energy consumption.
d. Use of pellets.
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Threat:
1. There are numerous sponge iron industries around with 3-4 processing units.
2. Threat of employees leaving jobs due to health issue.
3. If technology is not upgraded company will set to be shut down.
4. Government laws- governing the environment issues.
5. In Karnataka, there is an ongoing protest in Bellary against sponge iron
industries.
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CHAPTER 5:
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT
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SUNDRY
DEBTORS:TRADE
As per statement 21713310 71
CLOSING STOCK
Char coal 1315000 00
Sponge iron 5115000 00
Iron ore 5015000 00
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To Remuneration A/c
SRINIVASA RAO 536628 00
THOTAKURA
ARUNA THOTAKURA 287500 00
To Net profit transfer to 203750 58
Capital A/C
Rs 6080795 58 Rs 6080795 58
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Ratio Analysis
Current ratio (also known as working capital ratio) is a popular tool to evaluate
short-term solvency position of a business. Short-term solvency refers to the ability of
a business to pay its short-term obligations when they become due. Short term
obligations (also known as current liabilities) are the liabilities payable within a short
period of time, usually one year. A higher current ratio indicates strong solvency
position and is therefore considered better.
96300 2402735
52566 15000
26300 73225
70000 2076
217590.86 171228
3000000
21713310.71
CA 25176067.57 CL 2664264
CR: 25176067.57
2664264 = 9.44:1
Quick ratio (also known as “acid test ratio” and “liquid ratio”) is used to test the ability
of a business to pay its short-term debts. It measures the relationship between liquid
assets and current liabilities. Liquid assets are equal to total current assets minus
inventories and prepaid expenses.
It measures the ability to use its quick assets (cash and cash equivalents, marketable
securities and accounts receivable) to pay its current liabilities.
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45709962
5815378
16499976
862562
Sales 68887878
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Operating ratio (also known as operating cost ratio or operating expense ratio) is
computed by dividing operating expenses of a particular period by net sales made
during that period. Like expense ratio, it is expressed in percentage. The basic
components of the formula are operating cost and net sales. Operating cost is equal to
cost of goods sold plus operating expenses. Non-operating expenses such as interest
charges, taxes etc., are excluded from the computations.
286000
450000
7589
25003
10000
25211
6667
75000
2402910
108536
5000
5000
5400
30400
49320
807820
15000
80000
1
Admin exp + selling exp+ salary 4394857
Net profit ratio (NP ratio) is a popular profitability ratio that shows relationship
between net profit after tax and net sales. It is computed by dividing the net profit (after
tax) by net sales.
The relationship between net profit and net sales may also be expressed in percentage
form. When it is shown in percentage form, it is known as net profit margin.
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Department of Management & Studies BALLARI
Organisation Study (16MBAIN307)
Stock turnover ratio (STR) or Inventory turnover ratio is an activity ratio and is a
tool to evaluate the liquidity of company’s inventory. It measures how many times a
company has sold and replaced its inventory during a certain period of time. Two
components of the formula of inventory turnover ratio are cost of goods sold and
average inventory at cost. Cost of goods sold is equal to cost of goods manufactured
(purchases for trading company) plus opening inventory less closing inventory.
Average inventory is equal to opening balance of inventory plus closing balance of
inventory divided by two.
3168000 1315000
6022000 5115000
5906000 5015000
Open stock 15096000 Close stock 11445000
STR: 62928524
13270500 = 4.74 times
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Department of Management & Studies BALLARI
Organisation Study (16MBAIN307)
CHAPTER 6:
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
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Department of Management & Studies BALLARI
Organisation Study (16MBAIN307)
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
I really had a great time at BIPL, the way work is done it really is hard and need lots of
experience to make it precise. At BIPL the workers are so helpful and carry on their
job with due interest. The environment at BIPL is appreciable had great time with
workers and gained lots of information.
Of course the work at a place where they have to undergo with high degree of heat and
loads of dust that is too dangerous for health. The plant has 2 Extraction units which
run one at a time, when demanded both units run simultaneously.
Unfortunately, DRI is a polluting industry Air, water, solid wastes containing mainly
PM, SO2, NOX and CO abound the ambient environment.
Pollution from the sponge iron industries is the core reason why communities rise in
arms against this industry.
The Road transportation is at worst case no proper roads vehicles might lose control.
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Department of Management & Studies BALLARI
Organisation Study (16MBAIN307)
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Magazines & Articles
National Mineral Scenario
MidrexStatsBook2016
World Steel association 2017
IBEF (Steel production in India 2017)
National Steel Policy 2017
IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY IN INDIA July, 2017
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS Draft Indian Standard
(Direct Reduced Iron – Determination of Apparent Density and Water
Absorption of Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI))
https://www.goodreturns.in/news/2011/04/29/industry-overview.html
https://www.ibef.org/industry/steel.aspx
http://www.spongeironindia.in/prodfig06-07.html
http://pib.nic.in/feature/feyr2000/fjan2000/f200120001.html
http://www.spongeironindia.in/assomemlist.html#
http://metal.industry-focus.net/karnataka-steel-projects/3075-supra-steel-a-
power-plans-sponge-iron-unit-in-halkundi-supra-steel-a-power-plans-sponge-
iron-unit-in-halkundi.html
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Department of Management & Studies BALLARI