g How to read music g

？
Before you play your JUNO...
Reading sheet music is easier than reading newspaper.
Writing scores is much easier than writing newspaper ar-
ticles. Here’s a simple reference for the person who doesn’t
read scores to get you started.

g Which is Do? g
The treble clef
Do

Do Do
Do The bass clef

g Do Re Mi Fa ... and C D E F ... g

Do Re Mi Fa Sol La Ti Do

C D E F G A B C

01
g Notes and rests g
The key signature: in this case, four quarter
whole note whole rest notes in a bar

measure bar

half note half rest Three quarter notes in a bar

quater note quater rest

six eighth notes in a bar

eighth note eighth rest

The rest is comprehensible when thinking as a
Time in the measure is always constant. silent note.

g Others g
whole step & half step whole step whole step half step # means half step up
b stands for half step down

half step

whole step half step

#&b

G# A♭

Others The key signature segno coda

dynamic dynamic
The time signature indication Repeat bars dal segno. back to
indication segno

02
 Lesson 0
How to use your fingers
Here we explain how your fingers
should be placed on your JUNO keyboard
before we start Lesson 1.
You can skip this page
if this is something you already know.

The finger numbers

Fingering is important when you play Juno. See the

figure on the right. Your fingers are numbered as 1 to
5 for each of your hands starting from your thumb.
So the thumbs are numbered 1 (one), and for example
your ring fingers are numbered 4 (four). We will refer
to your fingers with these numbers throughout this
booklet.
Do not try the impossible Left Right

What do you do when the notes C and G needs to be

played at the (5) and thumb (1). Don't try to play with unreasonably
same time with painful finger combinations - take it easy.
your left hand?
Would you dare
How do you play "CDEFAGBC"
play those two
keys with your
little finger (5) When playing the five keys CDEFG in this order with
and your ring your right hand, it should come quite natural to you
finger (4)? Of that you use fingers 12345. What would you do,
course not. It's then, when you play CDEFGABC? You should play
much easier and "12312345". And if you're playing CBAGEDC, you play
natural to play "54321321". This is a basic movement in playing the
the keys with keyboard, so it would be great if you master it before
your little finger moving on from Lesson 0!
above: 5 and 4. below: 5 and 1. below is better

03
 - fingering -

Drill00-1
5
3
1

1
3 First of all, let's start with playing these chords. Always place
5 just one finger on one key. In this case, the fingers you would use
would be 135, and not 123, 245, etc. Try to play so that you hear
all the notes at the same time.

Drill00-2

1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 3 2 1 3 2 1

5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 3 1 2 3 4 5

Practice playing the scale. Play slowly at first, and gradually increase the tempo as you get
used to the movement.

Drill00-3
5
3
1

5 4 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5

This one is a combination of the first two drills. It would be fun to play along the
rhythms that JUNO produces. Practice so that you can play without looking at
your hands. When you learn to do that, try playing the chords with your right
hand and the scale with your left hand.

04
 Lesson 1
Let's play simple chords
The typical blues consist of just three chords,
I, IV and V which respectively correspond to C, F
and G in the key of C.
While the 7th chord is usually used in playing the
blues, for now let's try
with the three simple chords.

What are chords?

The chords of I, IV, and V is used in three chord progression.

Chords are built from three or more notes in the scale. Key in C, think about "C" as I, other chords become a way below.
The simplest scale is what we know well as the C major
scale (Do,,,,,, DO). Here we'll call the notes C, D, E, F,
G, A, B, C instead of "Do, Re, Mi" and so on, but they
are the same things. The most basic chord is called
"triad" and consists of three notes. You pile up the 3rd In this case, the chords used become C, F, and G.
note and the 5th note on the lowest note we call "root".
When the "root" is C, the 3rd note is E and the 5th
note is G. Play these notes at the same time and we
call this the "C major" chord, or simply, the "C" chord. Three-chord progressions

C C+E C+E+G Three-chord progressions, as the name suggests, uses

three chords in music - "I", "IV" and "V". When you
play the tune in C, the "I" chord corresponds to "C".
Counting from the "C" note, the 4th note is F and the
5th note is "G". You can build chords based on the "F"
and "G" notes by playing like you made the "C" chord.
A chord is formed like this score. The 3rd and 5th note is joined
to the first(bottom) note. By the way, the 2nd is D(Re). The first
note is called "root", and the name of the chord and the name of
the root become the same.

05
 - Blues with simple chords -

Drill01-1

This is a core of a very simple blues. Try playing it with your Juno. Both the chords and the
rhythm pattern are simple, so relax and practice until you can play it comfortably. If you can,
try playing it with a "swing" feeling.
It would be fun to sing some well-known blues as you play the score!

06
 Lesson 2
Let's play triads
We played three chords progressions in lesson 1.
However, there are still a lot of other chords
in the world.
Let's play other basic chords called triads.

Interval Triad

In the music scale, in this case of "CDEFGABC (C major When the chord contains three notes, it is called a triad.
scale)" , the interval between C and D is 2nd. Likewise the
interval between C and E is 3rd.

How to make triads

Starting from D, it would be D, F and A. This is D minor.

The difference between major chord and the minor chord is
difference between the root and the third at intervals.
In a minor chord, the interval is semitone short from that of a
Let's stack 3rd and 5th note on C major scale! major chord.
In general, a major chord is bright, and a minor chord sounds
sad.
To build a chord, you set the root note, and add a 3rd and a
5th to that. For example, when you set the root as C, its 3rd
would be E and 5th would be G. This chord that consists of
this C, E, and G is C major.

C Dm Em F G Am Bm-5

C D E F G A B

07
 -Triads in C-

Drill02-1

08
 Lesson 3
Dynamics
Adding dynamics brings life
to your expression on keyboard.
You will see your music
start to shine
with good expressions.

Dynamic indications

Dynamic indications are as follows. .

accent accent accent

dynamic indications

pianissimo piano mezzo piano mezzo forte forte fortissimo

Gradual changes
soft loud
cresc. and decresc. indicate gradual changes in volume in
the song.< is cresc., it means to play gradually louder. > is
decresc. and it to do the opposite of cresc.

Accents

When you find accent marks in the score, play the note with
accent marks louder!
^ and > mean almost the same thing.

cresc. decresc.

09
 work - dynamics -

Drill03-1

This score is actually very different. You decide for yourself

how loud the f, ff, p should be played.
Dynamic marks do not appear in the scores used in an
actual band.
Be creative about how you want to play!

10
 Lesson 4
Extending triads
A simple triad produces pure harmony.
They are good for music that require those
harmonies.
In more refined music, using something a bit more
complex is often required.
We will learn about the 7th chord in this chapter.

Expanding the triad to a 7th chord

CM7 Dm7 Em7 FM7 G7 Am7 Bm7-5

This is how to build a triad.

Putting up 7th to all triads, they become the following.

When you stack one more note on a triad like C major, that CM7 = C+M7

would be a 7th chord. That would be C major 7th. G7 = G+7

Am7 = Am+7

C = CM+7
Am7 = A+m7

The more you increase the number of notes, the more complex
the sound becomes. These chords are used give music added
There are two kind of 7th chords. Major 7th(M7) and minor
variation.
7th(7). 7 is semitone low from M7.
Let's see how 7th chords line up with the C major scale on the
following score.
Making 7th chords based on the C major scale, they become
like the following score. M7 sticks to major triads and 7
sticks to minor chords. The sole exception is G7, 7 sticks to
the majors triad of G. This is called "dominant 7th chord."
Dominant 7th chord is kind of special.

11
 work - 7th chords -

Drill04-1

5
3
2
1

You can always use the same fingers (1235) for

all chords played on the right hand.

12
 Lesson 5
Play one chord using both hands
Now we know the gorgeous sounds of 7th chords.
However, it's not always easy to play
four notes by just using your right hand.

The following score is the same as the 7th by the right hand. Then, an interesting
Both hands,
chords of lesson 4. phenomenon happens. When you play CM7,
one chord
Please read the music score below. Root left hand plays C (root) and right hand plays
performed by the left hand and the remainders Em chord!

A part of the chord is performed by the left hand. You would typically play the root note with
your left hand -i.e., the left hand plays the Bass.

13
 Play one chord using both hands

Drill05-1

When the root sound is performed by the left hand, the sound
becomes rich.

Drill05-2

Let's practice the movement to not the adjoined chord

but a far chord.

14
g About sustaining pedal g

This is a sustaining pedal. You can also do the Ped.

call it damper pedal. Pressing this pedal and * ar e not
makes the sound sustain. When you typically strictly
want to play notes smoothly, you can adhered to
use this! when playing
When mark "Ped." appears on the score, the score with
you step the pedal. a band. Decide
When you see "*" comes, release it. Perhaps you often for yourself when the pedal
Release the pedal immediately before perform without a should be pressed in your tune.
you change chords. score - or, even if you This is a sustaining pedal.

ex-pedal C

15
g Expression pedal g
An expression pedal volume 50

An expression pedal allows you control as strings that your JUNO has, this piano sound gradually diminishes. For
the volume of your keyboards. For pedal let you change the volume easily the piano, you can apply dynamics to
example, when you use the continuous by your foot. enhance your expression.
sound like organs, synthesizers, as well You can't use this for the piano, as the

volume zero volume max

By the way, you may use either the right foot or the left foot.

16
 Lesson 6
Inversions
A chord is composed of 3 or 4 notes.
Even when you change the order of the notes that
compose the chord,
the harmony is kept.
Let's make the chord easier to play
based on this idea.

When you invert the chord, the note of the be ignored.

Inversions root(bass) goes not to the bottom of the chord Using inversions the distance you need to
but somewhere different. Two inversions can move your finger when moving from a chord to
be made for each triad. Three can be made for another can be shortened. This is a good way
7th chord. However, the 3rd inversion for a 7th to avoid mistakes when playing.
chord will sound as a different chord so it can

C CM7

root position 1st inversion 2nd inversion root position 1st inversion 2nd inversion

The music score above shows what the inversions When inversions are applied to 7th chords played
look like. CEG has been inversed into EGC and by both hands, they look like the score below.
GCE.

ww ww www ww
& 44 www
CM7(C+Em) Em7(E+G)

w w ww w
w
root position 1st inversion 2nd inversion 2nd inversion root position 1st inversion

? 44 w w w w w w

17
 - inversions -

Drill06-1

When you are comfortable

with this, try doing the
same thing with Dm, Em
and Bm-5.

Drill06-2

By moving between
chords that are close to
each other, the top note
will start to sound like a
melody.

18
 Lesson 7
Bass
We haven't explained this to you yet,
but you already know it
because you have already done it.
Lesson 7 explains about "bass" that is played by
your left hand.

The rock band without the bass guitar sounds keyboard player plays it by the left hand.
What is the Bass?
shapeless. When you are only playing the Think about it as follows.
chords with only your right hand, it's the same
thing. Bass notes are necessary for music. The

The lowest note of chord in root position = Bass

The root is literally a sound of the root. Why is keyboard. In actual music, the bass sound
Bass = root
CM7 CM7? Because this is the M7 chord that moves like a melody (called bassline), but we
of the chord
has C at the bottom. Am is the minor chord concentrate practice to play only the root as
of the root of A. You only have to think the the bass note today.
bass note is a root played in lower side of the

Relation between bass (= root) and chord. Of course, when left hand plays low C and right hand plays
chord of C, the chord becomes C. However, when the left hand plays A and right hand plays chord C, it
becomes Am7 (refer to P.20). The influence that the bass gives the chord is very strong like this.

CM7 Dm7 Em7 FM7 G7 Am7 Bm7-5

C D E F G A B

19
 work -simple bass pattern-

Drill07-1
Basic

Octave

Octave2

Beatly

20
 Lesson 8
Variety of rhythm
Well, we are now able to play
the chords and the basses.
Now let's add some rhythm to spice up your
practices!

The most important one in music is a becomes rich by performing them.

Rhythm is
rhythm. Even my mother can instantaneously So, let's set going!
important
distinguish an unskilled drummer. There's a
variety of rhythms in this would. Your music

Syncopation in 8 beat like Hall & Oates Drill08-1

Beatly Drill08-2

21
 work - samples of rhythm -

70's west coast Drill08-3

This is a so-
called riff.

16 beat Drill08-4

The tune is
heard with
a detailed
rhythm with
a 16th note.

3/4 and 6/8 Drill08-5

Triple time is
triple time, but
Drill08-6 6/8 is something
like 2/4!

22
 Lesson 9
Tension Chords
You are moving to a much more advanced level
from this chapter and on..
Let's play chords that are more complex
than 7th chords today.
Enjoy the richer sound played by your fingers by
adding the sound of tensions.

A plain chord has three notes, root, 3rd and Tensions used are b9th, 9th, #9th, 11th,
What's tension?
5th. 7th chord has one more note of 7th. A #11th, 13th and b13th.
chord with flat 7th note is called "7th", with This is not very difficult, so enjoy playing!
major 7th chord is called "maj7th".
You can stack more notes like 9th, 11th and
13th on 7th chord and those notes are called
tensions.

Tensions ("+" stands for sharp, "-"means flat)

<--These are not tension chords but

often used

23
 Tension Chords

Drill09-1

You need not play all the

composition sounds of the
chords like this.

Drill09-2

It can be said that the

tension united the melody to
the chord progressions like
this.

24
 Lesson 10
performing chords by left hand
Learn to play accompaniment chords
by the left hand
so you can play the melody by the right hand.
It's your solo performance time.

Experiment by playing 7th chords by the bass notes. Now, let's play two notes. One for
The basses and the
left hand with JUNO. You will hear an bass, and another play one from the notes of
chords at the same
unexpectedly gloomy sound. However, the the chord!
time harmony must go out when there are only

The score above : for plain chords. The note at the center of chord (3rd) is omitted. The score below : for
7th chords. Each root and the 7ths are performed. The chords change depending on the notes played by
the right hand. It's interesting!

25
 left hand chords

root + 5th Drill10-1

for 7th chords Drill10-2

reducing movement Drill10-3

When you're playing in a band. Let your bassist play bass notes! Drill10-4

26
g Performance example g
Like brazilian music ex-1

Fills ex-2

For warming up ex-3

Jazzy ending ex-4

27
g for improvisation g
ex-5a ex-5b

Let's play independently by the

latter half!

28