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    Kepler's Law of Planetary Motion

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    Fritzie
    Johannes Kepler published three laws of planetary motion between 1609 and 1619 based on highly accurate planetary data collected by Tycho Brahe. The first law states that planets orbit the sun in ellipses with the sun at one focus. The second law says that planets sweep out equal areas in equal times. The third law establishes a relationship between a planet's orbital period and its average distance from the sun. Kepler's laws were a radical departure from previous astronomy but allowed for highly accurate prediction of planetary motion, though Kepler did not explain why the laws worked.

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    Kepler's Law of Planetary Motion

    Uploaded by

    Fritzie
    418 views2 pages
    Johannes Kepler published three laws of planetary motion between 1609 and 1619 based on highly accurate planetary data collected by Tycho Brahe. The first law states that planets orbit the sun in ellipses with the sun at one focus. The second law says that planets sweep out equal areas in equal times. The third law establishes a relationship between a planet's orbital period and its average distance from the sun. Kepler's laws were a radical departure from previous astronomy but allowed for highly accurate prediction of planetary motion, though Kepler did not explain why the laws worked.

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    Johannes Kepler published three laws of planetary motion between 1609 and 1619 based on highly accurate planetary data collected by Tycho Brahe. The first law states that planets orbit the sun in ellipses with the sun at one focus. The second law says that planets sweep out equal areas in equal times. The third law establishes a relationship between a planet's orbital period and its average distance from the sun. Kepler's laws were a radical departure from previous astronomy but allowed for highly accurate prediction of planetary motion, though Kepler did not explain why the laws worked.

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    418 views2 pages

    Kepler's Law of Planetary Motion

    Uploaded by

    Fritzie
    Johannes Kepler published three laws of planetary motion between 1609 and 1619 based on highly accurate planetary data collected by Tycho Brahe. The first law states that planets orbit the sun in ellipses with the sun at one focus. The second law says that planets sweep out equal areas in equal times. The third law establishes a relationship between a planet's orbital period and its average distance from the sun. Kepler's laws were a radical departure from previous astronomy but allowed for highly accurate prediction of planetary motion, though Kepler did not explain why the laws worked.

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    DepEd Division of Cabanatuan City

    District IX
    Camp Tinio National High School
    Cabanatuan City

    Name: ADVANCED PHYSICS


    Section:

    Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, in astronomy and classical physics, laws


    describing the motions of the planets in the solar system. They were derived by
    the German astronomer Johannes Kepler, whose analysis of the observations of
    the 16th-century Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe enabled him to announce his
    first two laws in the year 1609 and a third law nearly a decade later, in 1618.
    Kepler himself never numbered these laws or specially distinguished them from
    his other discoveries.
    Johannes Kepler published three laws of planetary motion, the first two in 1609
    and the third in 1619. The laws were made possible by planetary data of
    unprecedented accuracy collected by Tycho Brahe. The laws were both a radical
    departure from the astronomical prejudices of the time and profound tools for
    predicting planetary motion with great accuracy. Kepler, however, was not able to
    describe in a significant way why the laws worked.

    1st Law: Law of Ellipses

    The orbit of a planet is an ellipse where one focus


    of the ellipse is the sun.
    An ellipse is defined by two focii and all points for
    which the sum of the distances are the same.
    The semimajor axis (a) is the long distance from the
    center to edge of the ellipse. If r1and r2 are the
    distances from the focii to any point on the ellipse
    then r1 + r2 = 2a. The short axis is called the semiminor
    axis.
    How “elliptical” an orbit is can be described by the eccentricity(e). The
    eccentricity is equal to the distance between a focus and the center (c) of the
    ellipses divided by the semimajor axis (a). That is, e = c/a. The NAAP
    Eccentricity Demonstratorshows ellipses for different values of a and c. Note c is
    always less than a by definiti
    DepEd Division of Cabanatuan City
    District IX
    Camp Tinio National High School
    Cabanatuan City

    Name: ADVANCED PHYSICS


    Section:

    2nd Law: Law of Equal Areas

    A line from the planet to the sun sweeps


    out equal areas in equal amounts of time.
    With elliptical orbits a planet is sometimes
    closer to the sun than it is at other times.
    The point at which it is closest is
    called perihelion. The point at which a
    planet is farthest is called aphelion. Kepler's
    second law basically says that the planets
    speed is not constant – moving slowest at aphelion and fastest at perihelion. The
    law allows an astronomer to calculate the orbital speed of a planet at any point

    3rd Law: Law of Harmonies

    The period of a planet's orbit squared is


    proportional to its average distance from
    the sun cubed.
    The average distance of a planet from the sun
    is equal to its semimajor axis (a). If the period
    (P) is measured in years and the semimajor
    axis (a) is given in astronomical units (the earth
    sun distance is 1 AU) then Kepler's 3rd can be
    written:
    P2 = a3.

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