การซื้อขายกิจการ
การซื้อขายกิจการ
การซื้อขายกิจการ
การซื7อขายกิจการ
M&A Model / Financing / Legal / Tax / Finance
Restructuring / Due Diligence / Contract
Update Case Study M&A and Joint Venture
OMEGA Worldclass
Chinapat Visuttipat & Areeya Ananworaraks
www.taxtanktv.com
27 - 28 สิงหาคม 2562
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Outline – Day 1
oM&A Model
oM&A Financing
oM&A Strategy
oM&A Legal Framework
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 2
Outline – Day 2
oM&A Due Diligence
oM&A Tax Planning
oM&A Method
oM&A Contracts and Documentation
oUpdate Case Study: M&A and Joint
Venture 3
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Overview
1 - 2 months 1 - 2 months 2 - 4 months
Pre-M&A M&A Post-M&A
M&A Model Share Deal Shareholding
Structure
M&A Financing Property Deal
BOD Structure
Financial Due Diligence Business Deal
Employment
Legal Due Diligence Share Purchase Restructure
Contract
Tax Due Diligence Suppliers Deal
Property Purchase
Contract Customers Deal
Business Valuation
Business Purchase
Contract Creditors / Banks
MOU – Term Sheet
Management Service Commercial
Indicative price Contracts Review
Contract
5
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Model
Share
(New & Existing)
Cash
M&A
Property
Model (TA & ITA)
Non-Cash
Business
(Entire & Partial)
7
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
est Brand
Great Brand
Pay 1.56 BN Thai Bev
For Trademark International
‘est’ brand Ultimate Owner of ‘est’ brand
Hong Kong Singapore
100 % own Thailand
o ‘est’ brand created in 2013 / Sold out in 2015 (24 months)
o Valuation method: Revenue Approach
SSC o
o
THB 1.56 BN payment in 3 years
SSC: From brand owner to be ‘OEM’ + ‘Distributor’ (Modern
Trade + Traditional Trade)
8
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A: Financing
Leverage Buy-out
Bridging Finance
Debt Push-down
Valuation
9
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Financing
Source & Cost of Fund
Cash & Property : Share Swap
Equity Financing
Debt Financing
Leverage Buy-Out
Refinancing Opportunity
10
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Equity vs. Debt
Difference Treatment Debt Equity
Ownership / Control No Yes
Redemption Period Limit No
Return Interest Dividend
Asset Participation No Yes
Return on Liquidation Before
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
After 11
Profit & Loss Account
Revenue _____
Expense Fee / Interest (Before Tax)
Net Profit _____
Corporate Tax _20%_
Dividend _____
Dividend Tax _10%_
Balance Dividend (After Tax)
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 12
LBOs via Bank
oBack to back transaction: Maximizing cash flow
management
o Loan/guarantee pass though international
commercial bank
o No related transactions found
o Transfer pricing mitigation
o Additional bank interest/fee against tax saving
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 13
Hana Semi-conductor Case
Thailand County Z
Holding Co
M&A Strategy
Reorganization Diversification
PTTGC / BEM / Dynasty BJC / Central Food / PTTOR / SST
18
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A
Legal Framework
Legal Obstacles
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 19
M&A Legal Framework
1. Corporate law
2. Property law
3. City planning law
4. Environmental law
5. Tax law
6. Labor law
7. Securities law
8. Anti-Trust Law 20
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Legal Obstacles
•Long term contract / Long term commitment
• Difficult to terminate
• Not easy to revise
•Golden parachute
• Expensive to pay off
• Unable to pay off
21
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Legal Obstacles
•Negative majority (shares/voting)
•25% of shareholding to block major votes
•Separation of IP assets and core (fixed) asset
•Operating company
•Property company
•IP company
•Difficult to buy all assets
22
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Legal Obstacles
•Brand and IP asset
•Owned by Individual owner
•Golden share
• Voting rights on key decision issues
•Labor union
•Bargaining power / Check and balance
23
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Legal Obstacles
•ESOPs
•Employees Stock Options
•Power of employees
•Various disputes and court cases
•Property case / Corporate case
•Financial case / Trading case
•Corporate case / Personal case
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 24
Outline – Day 2
oM&A Due Diligence
oM&A Tax Planning
oM&A Method
oM&A Contracts and Documentation
oPost M&A + Workshop: Trading /
Manufacturing / Service 25
Due Diligence Overview
oDue Diligence Process
oDesktop review
oManagement interview
oRisk identification
oRisk quantification
oRisk rectification
oDue diligence report
oPrice negotiation 26
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A
Obstacles
Due Diligence
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 27
DD Obstacles
1. Hidden Information
2. Lack of Supporting Documents
3. Non-Disclosure Fact
4. Non-coordination
5. Centralized Information
6. Key Person & Centralization
7. Offshore Business / Asset /
Information 28
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Due Diligence
Finance
Legal
Tax
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 29
30
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Due Diligence
Finance
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 31
Financial Due Diligence
1. Account receivables: Local & Offshore parties
2. Account payable: Real & Fraud transactions
3. Fixed assets: Personal & Corporate use
4. Cash: Siphon & Off-record
5. Financial control and internal audit
6. Case study
32
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Financial Due Diligence
Cash
• Analysis of quality of assets ……
Belong to the
Reconciliation
Target or
items
Director???
33
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Financial Due Diligence
Account Receivables
• Analysis of quality of assets ……
Inventory
35
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Financial Due Diligence
Fixed Assets
• Analysis of quality of assets ……
Lease or hire
purchase
contract
• Collateral??? Fixed assets • Analyse aged of
Pledged register fixed assets /
• Effect with the pricing property
analysis Depreciation
36
Financial Due Diligence
Revenue
• Analysis of quality of earnings…
How
transaction
may affect Key drivers
customer
relationships
Revenues
• Key sales trends
• analyse by major
product/services
37
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Financial Due Diligence
OPEX / Margin
• Analysis of quality of earnings……
Gross margin by product
• Analyse for the variance
compare with budget
38
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Due Diligence
Legal
39
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Legal due diligence
Real property vs. Intellectual property
oLegal due diligence: Legal diagnosis
o Legal DD
o Corporate: Share / Director / Shareholder / BOI /
Business License
o Property: Mortgage / Encumbrances / Right of way /
Property License
o Contract: Business contracts / Related transaction /
Loan
o Litigation: Civil / Criminal / Administrative liabilities
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
40
การตรวจสอบอสังหาริมทรั พย์
oตรวจสอบด้ านกฎหมาย
oครอบครองปรปั กษ์ / ภาระจํายอม / ที>ดนิ ตาบอด
oสิทธิการเช่ า / ภาระติดพันอื>น
oคดีความ / การรอนสิทธิ
oใบอนุญาตต่ าง ๆ
oตรวจสอบด้ านกายภาพ
oทางเข้ า/ออก / หน้ าดิน / ที>งอก / ที>หาย
oสาธารณูปโภค / Zoning / ผังสี / Buffer Zone 41
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Contract due diligence
Active vs. Expiring contracts
Contracts X-ray Points of concerns
Long term contract - Automatic expiration
- Renewable action
- No termination clause
Condition precedent (CP) - Contract activation
- Completion of CP
Condition subsequent - Contract termination
(CS) - What part of contract / Outside contract
IP
Registration Non-registration (Out of Balance IP Valuation
Sheet)
Terms Evidence
Software Cost-based
Expiration Protection
Trade Mark Revenue-
Renewable Proof based
44
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
License due diligence
Government license vs. Business license
oLicensing agreement
oMonopoly ?
oOpen or closed source ?
oValidity of government license
oSpecific license (not allow to transfer)
oDisqualified license (when transfer the share ownership)
oRenewable license and fee increasing
45
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Litigation due diligence
Contingent dispute vs. Court battle
1. Court search
1. Civil court / Criminal court
2. Bankruptcy court
3. Labor court / IPIT court / Tax court
4. Administrative court
2. Dispute out of court: Insurance / Consumer
Protection
46
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Due Diligence
Tax
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 47
What tax areas ?
1. Corporate tax
2. Personal tax
3. Withholding tax / Local / Cross-border
4. VAT
5. Specific business tax (SBT)
6. Stamp duty
7. Land and House Tax
8. Customs / Excise / Provincial tax 48
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Tax exposures: Deal breaker ?
1. Tax exposure is not a deal breaker
2. Tax risk identified
3. Tax risk control
4. Tax risk minimization
5. Tax risk expiry: 2 / 5 / 10 years
6. Uncountable tax risks
49
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Due Diligence in Summary
Identify
Rectify Capture
Analysis Quantify
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A
Tax Planning
Share Deal
Asset Deal
Business Deal
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
51
Big C (Thailand)
Big C Holding
28% own Co
o Project Deal = Euro 3,000 M
o No capital gain tax payable to Thailand under DTA (Thailand & Netherlands)
o Tax payable only stamp duty on share transfer of Thai Holding Co
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
52
การวางแผนภาษี Big C
Big C Deal: Tax Planning อย่ างไร ?
oCapital Gain จากการขายหุ้น _ ได้ รับยกเว้ นภาษี
oSeller = Casino Group in France via GIBV
oSPV = GIBV in the Netherlands
oDouble Tax Agreement: Thailand & Netherlands
oไทยเก็บภาษีจาก Gain ที`ได้ รับโดย Dutch Co ไม่ ได้
oอากรแสตมป์ จากการขายหุ้น _ ได้ รับยกเว้ นภาษี
oการขายหุ้นในตลาดหลักทรั พย์ ฯ ยกเว้ นอากรแสตมป์
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
53
Offshore structure
Exit strategies
Holding Co: Tier 1 own Holding Co: Tier 2
Owned by family
Share selling out
Offshore Share Deal
Country = No CG tax / No Div. tax Country = No CG tax / No Div. tax
Thailand xxxx
Individual
Shareholders
100% own
Buyer
EBT Target
Selling Company
Company AMG
Business Restructure
54
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Offshore corporate planning
for tax benefits
oDouble tax agreement network
oBest treaties network: Singapore / Australia
oOffshore jurisdiction: Singapore, Labuan, Hong Kong,
Mauritius, Cyprus, Seychelles, Ireland
oNo tax on offshore source income
oNo dividend tax
oNo capital gain tax
oLow corporate and personal tax 55
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Method
AMG: Amalgamation
EBT: Entire Business Transfer
PBT: Partial Business Transfer
56
ขายบริษัทที+ดนิ _ อย่ างไร ?
Land Co 1 Land Co 2
Land Co 3 Land Co 4
ทีด# นิ แปลงนี+
พ่ อซื+อเมื#อ 20 ปี ทีแ# ล้ ว 25 ล้ านบาท _ อยู่ภายใต้ “เจ้ าของร่ วม” 4 บริษัท
Property Co ในตลาดหลักทรั พย์ ฯ ขอซื+อทีด# นิ _ ปั จจุบันราคา 4,000 ล้ านบาท
57
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
ควบบริษัท
Land Co 1 Land Co 2
Land Co 3 Land Co 4
59
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
ภาษี / ค่ าธรรมเนียมฯ คํานวณภาษีปกติจาก จํานวนเงินทีFบริษัททีFดนิ ต้ อง
(ราคาประเมิน 1,200 ล้ าน) ราคาขาย 4,000 ล้ านบาท เสียภาษี
ภาษีเงินได้ บุคคลธรรมดา 5 – 35% (หากขายหุ้น) 1,390,000,000
ภาษีเงินได้ บริษัท ภาษีหกั ณ ทีFจ่าย 1% (40,000,000)
ภาษีมูลค่ าเพิFม ไม่ มี -
ภาษีธุรกิจเฉพาะ 3.3 % 132,000,000
อากรแสตมป์ ไม่ มี -
ค่ าธรรมเนียมโอนทีFดนิ 2% 24,000,000
กําไรบริษัทจากการขายทีFดนิ 4,000 – 25 – 132 – 24 3,819,000,000
ภาษีเงินได้ นิตบิ ุคคล 20% (-40,000,000) 723,800,000
10% ของเงินปั นผล 3,095,200,000 309,520,000
Existing Co SPV
Transfer (Special
partial Purpose
Selective BU business Vehicle)
(Spin-off)
NAV of SPV not less than Value of PBT
70
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Case Study: BCPG
Partial Business Transfer – PBT
Own shares over 50%
Bangchak at least 6 months
Renewable BCPG
Energy To
Transfer
Asset + Project partial IPO
business
(Spin-off)
NAV of SPV not less than Value of PBT
71
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Case Study: PTTOR
Partial Business Transfer – PBT
Own shares over 50%
PTT at least 6 months
M&A Contracts
Documentation
73
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A: Legal Papers
74
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Hierarchy of M&A contracts
•Expression of interesting
(EOI)
•LOI & MOU
•Confidential agreement &
Non-disclosure agreement
•Sale & Purchase
Agreement
75
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
M&A Contract Documentation
M&A Non-competition
Non-solicitation
Business Deal
Non-Disclosure
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 76
M&A: Contracts
Contract Key Terms
MOU / LOI •Initial Commercial Term
•M&A Model
•Indicative price
•Exclusivity
•Non-Disclosure
•Due Diligence
•Legal & Non-Legal Binding
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
77
M&A: Contracts
Contract Key Terms
Sale & •Closing date / Effective date
Purchase
Agreement •Condition precedent / Representation & Warranty
(SPA) •Term of payment / Installments / Selling price
(Net basis ?) / Escrow Account / Milestone of
payment
•Non-competition / Non-solicitation / Non-
disclosure
•Governing Law / Dispute Resolution
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
78
M&A: Contracts
Contract Key Terms
Shareholders •BOD Nomination / Authorization / Key
Agreement Management
(SHA)
•Reserve Matters
Joint Venture
•Repurchase Price / Pricing basis (NBV /
Structure EBITDA)
•Put & Call Options / Drag-Along & Tag-Along
•Deadlock Management / Exit Strategy
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved. 79
Case Study Update
M&A and Joint Venture
by
Areeya Ananworaraks
80
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Joint Venture Concept
Personnel Capital
Joint
Venture
Expertise Management
82
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Joint Venture Agreement 83
oPro (Advantage)
oSynergy
oCon (Disadvantage)
oFinance
oDilution
oExpertise
oCannibalization
oPersonnel
oDisruption
ชินภัทร วิสทุ ธิแพทย์
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
JV Commercial Term
Roadmap
to
Partnership
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
84
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Hierarchy of Joint Venture Agreement
JVA Exit
Due
LOI Diligence
EOI MOU
Commercial
SHA
NDA Term
86
©2019 Chinapat Visuttipat. All rights reserved.
Joint Venture: Pre-JV: Legal Paper & Non-Legal Paper 87
99
Thank You
100
Presenter Profile
Tel: 092-286-4770
E: chinapat@siamcitylaw.com LINE ID: chinapat.lawclub
Chinapat has more than 30 years of experience in being a professional legal and tax advisor on corporate
& tax laws, finance & securities regulations as well as M&A, IPO, property fund, REITs, family business,
private equity fund, venture capital, hotel & property, offshore incorporation and major business law
practices including business contracts.
Chinapat joined SCL as the Partner in order to render advice to both Thai and foreign clients along with
the other 10 partners and more than 80 associates through SCL offices in Thailand, Lao PDR, and
Cambodia.
Chinapat also has more than 18 years of experience as a public speaker and in-house training on
commercial contract, tax planning and tax risk management, family business, hotel/apartment, franchise,
Chinapat Visuttipat and family business as well as a visiting lecturer on tax and intellectual property programs for both
Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees in the state/private universities and business associations.
ชินภัทร วิสุทธิแพทย์ Moreover, Chinapat provides the exclusive and intensive lecture to the Association of Investment
Management Companies (AIMC), Thai Financial Planners Association (TFPA), the Stock Exchange of
Thailand (SET), The Federation of Accounting Professions (FAP), Commercial Banks, Life Insurance
Partner
SCL Law Group
Companies, and Business Associations.
Chinapat also assists the business sector as the “Sub-Tax Committee” (Revenue Tax) under the Thai
Chamber of Commerce / Board of Trade of Thailand, Working Team (Legal Advisor) of the Land Bank
Administration Institute (Public Organization) and he is appointed to act as the Tax Conciliator of the
Central Tax Court as well as the “Audit Committee” in the listed companies of the Stock Market.
101
www.facebook.com/TaxTank chinapat.lawclub@icloud.com
Presenter Profile
E: chinapat@siamcitylaw.com
Tel: 092-286-4770
LINE ID: chinapat.lawclub
1. ประสบการณ์ มากกว่ า 25 ปี ในงานให้ คาํ ปรึกษากฎหมาย ด้ านภาษีอากร / IPO /
M&A ตลอดจนสัญญาทางธุรกิจ รวมถึง Offshore Incorporation / Family Business
2. ให้ คาํ ปรึกษาแก่ ลูกค้ าทังn ในไทยและต่ างประเทศร่ วมกับ Partner อีก 13 คนและทีs
ปรึกษากฎหมายอีกกว่ า 120 คนผ่ านสํานักงานของ SCL ในไทย เมียนม่ าร์ / สปป.
ลาว / กัมพูชา และ ASEAN
3. วิทยากรบรรยายเรืs องสัญญาธุรกิจและภาษีในงานสัมมนาและฝึ กอบรม
ตลอดเวลากว่ า 15 ปี เป็ น “อาจารย์ พเิ ศษด้ านภาษีอากร” และ กฎหมายธุรกิจใน
หลักสูตรปริญญาตรี /โท International Program คณะนิตศิ าสตร์ / คณะบัญชี
Chinapat Visuttipat
ชินภัทร วิสุทธิแพทย์ 4. วิทยากรประจําให้ แก่ สถาบันกรรมการไทย (IOD) สมาคมบริษัทจัดการลงทุน
(AIMC) ตลาดหลักทรั พย์ แห่ งประเทศไทย สภาวิชาชีพบัญชี กระทรวงพาณิชย์
ธนาคารฯ และ สมาคมธุรกิจต่ างๆ
Partner
SCL Law Group 5. “คณะกรรมการภาษี” ของสภาหอการค้ าแห่ งประเทศไทย และ “ผู้ไกล่ เกลีsยคดี
ภาษี” ประจําศาลภาษีอากรกลาง / คณะทํางาน ธนาคารทีsดนิ (องค์ การมหาชน)
6. “กรรมการตรวจสอบ” (Audit Committee) บริษัทจดทะเบียนในตลาดหลักทรั พย์ ฯ
www.facebook.com/TaxTank chinapat.lawclub@icloud.com 102