Level - I

Chapter 7

The p-Block Elements

Solutions (Set-1)

SECTION - A
School/Board Exam. Type Questions
Very Short Answer Type Questions :
1. Why nitric oxide becomes brown when released in air?

Sol. 2NO  O2  2NO2

colourless Brown

2. Nitrogen shows little tendency of catenation.

Sol. Due to small size, the lone pair of electrons on two nitrogen repel each other.
3. Give hybridisation of PCl5 in solid state.

+ –
Sol. PCl5 exist as [PCl4 ] [PCl6 ]
 
sp3 sp3d2

4. Draw structure of sulphuric acid.

S
Sol. HO
O
OH

5. Name the most stable allotrope of sulphur at room temperature.

Sol. Rhombic sulphur.
6. Give equation for preparation of ozone from dioxygen.

Silent electric discharge

 2O3 ;
Sol. 3O2  [H = +142 kJ/mol]
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38 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I)

7. Why HF is not stored in glass bottles?

Sol. HF reacts with SiO2 present in glass, hence stored in wax coated glass bottles.
8. Arrange group 17 elements in the decreasing order of electron affinity.
Sol. Cl > F > Br > I
9. What are interhalogen compounds?
Sol. Compound formed between two different halogen atoms.
10. Draw structure of XeF4.

Sol. F F

Xe

F F

Short Answer Type Questions :

11. Discuss about the occurrence of nitrogen and phosphorus.

Sol. Nitrogen  N2 gas, proteins in plants and animals, NaNO3, KNO3

Phosphorus  Bones, living cell, minerals of apatite family e.g., fluorapatite.

12. Write the important points to show anomalous behaviour of nitrogen in group 15.

Sol. (1) Nitrogen is diatomic molecule and inert.

(2) It shows weaker catenation tendency.

(3) Maximum covalency of 4 only

(4) Forms p-p bond.

13. With the help of examples discuss the oxidation state shown by N and other group 15 members and also
their tendency for disproportionation.
3 2 4 3 5
Sol. Common O.S. = –3, +3 & +5 e.g., NH3 , NO, NO 2 , N 2 O 3 , N2 O5

N & P can show disproportionation

3 5 2
HNO2  HNO3  H2O  2NO

14. Complete the reaction :

(1) NH4Cl  NaNO2  ?


(2) (NH4 )2 Cr2O7  ?

(3) NaNO3  H2SO4  ?

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 39
Sol. (1) N2 + 2H2O + NaCl
(2) N2 + 4H2O + Cr2O3
(3) NaHSO4 + HNO3

15. How is phosphine prepared from white phosphorus?

Sol. P4  3NaOH  3H2O  PH3  3NaH2PO2

When pure it is non-inflammable, but exploses in presence of P2H4 or Cl2. It is colourless.

Used in Holme’s signal, smoke screen.

16. Give flow chart for manufacturing ammonia and write uses of ammonia.

Sol.
H2
Pump

N2 Compressor
20 MPa
N2 + H2

Catalyst
at
700 K Iron Oxide
Al2O3 + K2O

(N2 + 3H2 + 2NH3) Liquid NH3

Uses : To prepare nitrogenous fertilizer, in manufacture of nitric acid.

17. Why the name chalcogens is given to elements of oxygen family? Give example to show that sulphur has
strong tendency of catenation.
Sol. Chalcogens points to association of sulphur and it’s congeners with copper. Sulphur because of strong S–S bond
shows catenation e.g., H2S2, H2S3, H2S4.

18. Give the difference between rhombic and monoclinic sulphur. Which one is the most stable form at room
temperature?
Sol. Both have S8 units, but they differ in symmetry.
Rhombic sulphur – Insoluble in H2O and readily soluble in CS2. Most stable form at room temperature.
Monoclinic sulphur – Soluble in CS2. Stable above 369 K.

19. Give reason :

(1) SO2 act as both oxidising and reducing agents but SO3 only as oxidising agent.
(2) Oxygen shows covalency of two while sulphur shows covalency up to six.
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40 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I)

Sol. (1) In SO2, S has oxidation number = +4

It can both increase and decrease its oxidation number.
(2) But SO2 has S in +6 state, hence, during reaction oxidation number decrease and act as oxidising agent.
(3) Oxygen has small size and do not have vacant d orbital, while sulphur has larger size.

20. What happen when?

(1) SO3 is absorbed in H2SO4?
(2) Potassium chlorate is heated?
(3) HCl is reacted with O2 in presence of CuCl2?

Sol. (1) SO3  H2SO4  H2S2O7 oleum is prepared


(2) KClO3   KCl  O2

CuCl2
(3) 4HCl  O2   2Cl2  2H2O

21. Discuss the preparation of ozone, give its physical properties.

Silent
Sol. 3O2 
electric discharge
 2O3

It is pale blue gas, dark blue liquid and violet black solid. It has characteristic smell and in small concentration it is
harmless.

22. (a) Why yellow colour of chlorine water fades on standing?

(b) Write equation when Cl2 is passed through cold and dil. NaOH.

Sol. (a) Cl2  H2O  HCl  HClO

(yellow and unstable)

HClO  HCl  [O]

(colourless)

(b) Cl2  NaOH  NaCl  NaClO  H2O

(hot & conc.)

23. Discuss about occurence of group 17 elements.

Sol.  Fluorine  CaF2, Na3AlF6, 3Ca3(PO4)2 . CaF2
 Sea water  Chloride, bromide, iodide of Na, K, Mg, Ca etc.
 Certain marine life contain iodine in their system.

24. What are oxygen fluorides? Give example and oxidation state of oxygen in it. Why are they not called oxides?

2 1
Sol. Compounds of oxygen and fluorine are oxygen fluorides e.g., OF2 and O2 F2 . As fluorine is more electronegative,
hence called as fluorides not oxides.
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 41
25. Complete the reaction

(1) Ca(OH)2  Cl2 

dry
UV
(2) CH4  Cl2 


(3) MnO2  HCl 

Sol. (1) Ca(OCl)2 + CaCl2 + H2O

(2) CH3Cl + HCl
(3) MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
26. What is the cause of anomalous behaviour of fluorine? Give example of compound of fluorine showing positive
oxidation state.
Sol. Fluorine has small size, high electronegativity, low bond dissociation enthalpy, high electrode potential, absence
of vacant d orbital.
27. Give uses of helium gas.
Sol. (1) Filling balloons for metrological operation.
(2) Liquid He as cryogenic agent.
(3) Diluent for O2
(4) Used in gas cooled nuclear reactor.
28. Explain why H2O is more viscous than HF.
Sol. A water molecule can form four H-bonds, hence more associated, whereas HF can form only two H-bonds, hence
less viscous.
29. Complete the reaction :

(1) XeF4  SbF5 

(2) XeF2  PF5 

(3) XeF4  O2F2 

Sol. (1) [XeF3]+ [SbF6]–
(2) [XeF]+ [PF6]–
(3) XeF6 + O2
30. Name the noble gases which (is)
(1) Do not occur in atmosphere.
(2) Used in discharge tube and fluorescent bulbs for Advertisement.
(3) Used in filling balloons for metrological purpose.
Sol. (1) Radon
(2) Neon
(3) Helium
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42 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I)

Long Answer Type Questions :

31. Name any five oxoacid of phosphorus, write their basicity and draw structure of each.
Sol. H3PO2, H3PO3, H3PO4, H4P2O7, H4P2O6

O
O O O O
P
P P P P
H OH H OH HO OH
HO O OH
H OH OH
OH OH
H3PO2 H3PO3 H3PO4 H4P2O7
Hypophosphorous acid Orthophosphorous acid Orthophosphoric acid Pyrophosphoric acid
basisity = 1 basisity = 2 basisity = 3 basisity = 4

32. Arrange group 15 hydrides in correct order of stability, bond angle, bond dissociation enthalpy, reducing character
and basicity.
Sol. NH3, PH3, AsH3, SbH3, BiH3

Stability decreases


Bond angle decreases


decreases
Bond dissociation enthalpy  

Reducing character increases

 

Basicity decreases


33. With the help of equation, discuss the methods of preparation of dinitrogen. Write its physical properties and
uses.
Sol. Preparation :


(1) (NH4 )2 Cr2O7   N2  4H2O  Cr2O3


(2) Ba(N3 )2   Ba  3H2

Physical Properties : Colourless, odourless, low solubility in H2O, inert at room temperature.
Uses : In manufacture of NH3, as refrigerant.

34. Write equations for

(1) Reaction of Cu with dilute HNO3.
(2) Reaction of Cu with concentrated HNO3.
(3) Reaction of Zn with dilute HNO3.
(4) Reaction of calcium phosphide with H2O.
(5) Reaction of white phosphorus with excess of Cl2.
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 43
Sol. (1) Cu  HNO3  Cu(NO3 )2  NO  H2O
(dil.)

(2) Cu  HNO3  Cu(NO3 )2  NO2  H2O

(conc.)

(3) Zn  HNO3  Zn(NO3 )2  H2O  N2O

(dil.)

(4) Ca3P2  H2O  Ca(OH)2  PH3

(5) P4  10Cl2  4PCl5

(white) (excess)

35. Compare different allotropes of phosphorus on the basis of structure and different properties.
Sol. White phosphorus : Less stable, more reactive, poisonous, insoluble in water and soluble in CS2, readily catches
fire.
P

P P

Red phosphorus : Obtained by heating white phosphorous, non-poisonous, insoluble in water and CS2, less
reactive.
P P P

P P P P P P

P P P

Black phosphorus : Polymeric structure

Two forms  and  black phosphorus.
36. How is sulphur dioxide prepared in laboratory and industrially? What happens when SO2 reacts with water and
NaOH? Write uses of SO2 also.


Sol. Laboratory : SO32  H  H2O(l)  SO2 (g)
(aq)

Industrially : FeS2  O2  Fe2O3  SO2



Reaction : SO2  H2O 
 H2SO3

NaOH  SO2  Na2SO3  H2O

Uses : Refining petroleum, as disinfectant, in preparation of H2SO4, NaHSO3, CaHSO3.

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44 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I)

37. Draw structure and write oxidation number of sulphur in the following oxoacid

(1) Sulphurous acid

(2) Sulphuric acid
(3) Peroxodisulphuric acid
(4) Pyrosulphuric acid
Sol. (1) H2SO3  S = + 4

S
HO O
HO

(2) H2SO4  S = +6

S
HO O
HO

(3) H2S2O8 S = +6

O
O

S
S
O O O O
OH HO

4) H2S2O7  S = +6

O O

S S
O O O
OH HO

38. What are oxides? How can simple oxides be classified? Explain by giving examples of each.
Sol. Binary compounds of oxygen with other element are oxides.
Simple oxides classified as –
(a) Acidic oxide  e.g., SO2, Cl2O7, N2O5
(b) Basic oxide  e.g., Na2O, CaO, BaO
(c) Amphoteric oxide  e.g., Al2O3
(d) Neutral oxide  e.g., CO, NO, N2O

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 45
39. What are interhalogen compounds? Give equation for preparation of ClF3, ICl. What happens when they are
hydrolysed?

Sol. Compound between different halogen atom. Represented as XX , XX3 , XX5 , XX7
X = Large halogen

X  = Smaller halogen
573 K
Preparation : Cl2  3F2 
 ClF3
(excess)

I2  Cl2  ICl

(equimoles)

On hydrolysis : XX   H2O  HX   HOX

(smaller halogen) (larger halogen)

40. Arrange in decreasing order and explain the trends

(1) F2, Cl2, Br2 & I2 : (Bond dissociation enthalpy)
(2) HF, HCl, HBr & HI : (Acid strength)
(3) HF, HCl, HBr & HI : (Boiling point)
Sol. (1) Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2
Down the group size increases, bond dissociation enthalpy decreases.
F2 has very small size and has sufficient e–– e– repulsion hence less bond dissociation enthalpy.
(2) HF < HCl < HBr < HI
On basis of bond length.
(3) HF > HI > HBr > HCl
HF has H-bonding and for other on basis of high molecular mass.
41. How is HCl prepared? Give its physical properties and uses. How do Au and Pt react with aquaregia? (give
equation).
Sol. NaCl  H2SO4  Na2SO4  HCl
It is colourless, pungent smelling gas and easily liquefied extremely solube in water.
Uses : In medicine, as lab reagent, in preparation of Cl2, NH2Cl.

* Au  H  NO3  Cl  AuCl4  NO  H2O

Pt  H  NO3  Cl  PtCl62  NO  H2O

42. Explain chemical reactivity of halogens in terms of their oxidising ability with the help of equation. How F2 and
other halogens react with water?
Sol. Oxidising ability F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2

F2  X  F  X2 (X– = Cl–, Br–, I–)

Cl2  X  Cl  X2 (X– = Br– or I–)

* F2  H2O  H  F  O2

X2  H2O  HX  HOX

(X = Cl or Br)

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46 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I)

43. Give general electronic configuration of group 18 elements, list the different elements present. Discuss the
occurence of group 18 elements.
Sol. Group 18 : Electronic configuration = [inert gas] ns2np6 (except He – 1s2)
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Occurence :
(1) Present in atmosphere (except Rn).
(2) Rn by radioactive decay of radium.
(3) He in natural gas.
(4) He, Ne sometimes in minerals of radioactive origin.
44. Complete the reaction

573 K, 60-70 bar

(1) Xe  F2  ?
(1 : 20)

673 K, 1 bar
(2) Xe  F2 
?
(excess)

873 K, 7 bar
(3) Xe  F2  ?
(1 : 5)

(4) XeF6  NaF  ?

(5) XeF2  H2O  ?

Sol. (1) XeF6

(2) XeF2
(3) XeF4
(4) Na+ [XeF7]–
(5) Xe + HF + O2
45. Draw structure, write hybridisation and shape of
(i) XeF2
(ii) XeF4
(iii) XeF6.
Sol. (1) XeF2 = sp3d, linear

Xe

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 47
(2) XeF4 = sp3d2, square planar

F F

Xe

F F

(3) XeF6 = sp3d3, distorted octahedral

F
F F

Xe

F F
F

SECTION - B
Model Test Paper
Very Short Answer Type Questions :
1. Why is F2 more reactive than ClF?
Sol. As bond dissociation energy of F2 is less than ClF.
2. Give formula of the complex formed in brown ring test for nitrates.
Sol. [Fe(H2O)5NO]2+
3. Name the allotropes of oxygen.
Sol. O2 (dioxygen) and O3 (ozone)
4. Give formula of anhydride of nitric acid.

Sol. 2HNO3  H2O  N2O5

So, N2O5 is anhydride of HNO3.

5. Draw structure of XeO3.

Sol. Xe

O O
O


6. Complete the reaction H 3PO3  ?

Sol. H3PO3  H3PO4  PH3

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48 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I)

Short Answer Type Questions :

7. Give formula of two poisonous gases formed by chlorine.
Sol. Phosgene = COCl2
Tear gas = CCl3NO2
8. Give atleast three uses of sulphuric acid.
Sol. Chemical and fertilizer industry, Petroleum refining, manufacture of chemicals like dyes, drugs, paints etc.
9. How did Neil Bartlett conclude that xenon can form compounds?
Sol. As ionization energy of Xe resembles with O2, thus like O2, Xe forms compound Xe+[PtF6]–.
10. Explain how can sulphur show variable oxidation state of +2, +4, +6.
Sol. S has vacant d orbital.
S = 3s23p4  +2 state
1st excited state = 3s2 3p3 3d1  + 4 state
2nd excited state = 3s1 3p3 3s2  + 6 state
11. Discuss the conditions required for preparation of ammonia by Haber’s process.
Sol. Temperature  700 K, Pressure = 200 atm, iron oxide as catalyst, MO as promoter.
Short Answer Type Questions :
12. Complete the reactions

(a) Ca3P2  H2O 


(b) (NH4 )2 Cr2O7  

(c) Cu2  NH3 

Sol. (a) Ca(OH)2 + PH3

(b) N2 + H2O + Cr2O3
(c) [Cu(NH3)4]+2
13. Name two neutral oxides of nitrogen, draw their structure also.
..
Sol. Nitrous oxide, N2O N N O ..
..

..

..
Nitric oxide, NO N O ..
..

..

14. Give the cause and write important points to show anomalous behaviour of oxygen in group 16.
Sol. Cause : Small size, high electronegativity, absence of d orbital for first member of the group.
Important points :
(i) O2 is diatomic gas.
(ii) It do not show +4, +6 oxidation states.
(iii) H2O forms H-bond due high electronegativity of oxygen.
15. Compare between the three allotropes of phosphorus.
Sol. White Phosphorus : Most reactive, poisonous, shows phosphorescence, P4 monomeric units.
Red Phosphorus : Non poisonous, less reactive, polymeric, P4 tetrahedral.
Black Phosphorus : Layered structure, highly polymerised, has  and  forms.

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 49
16. Give reason:
(a) Halogens are coloured.
(b) Electron affinity of chlorine is greater than fluorine.
Sol. (a) Molecule of halogens absorb light in visible region and get excited to higher level and remaining light is
transmitted. Colour of halogen is colour of transmitted light.
(b) Fluorine has smaller size, thus e– – e– repulsion occurs in compact 2p sub shell.
17. What happens when
(a) Xenon is mixed with fluorine in 1 : 5 ratio at 873 K and 7 bar?
(b) XeF2 is mixed with PF5?
(c) Excess of xenon is treated with F2 at 673 K and 1 bar?

Sol. (a) Xe  F2 873 K


 XeF4
7 bar

(b) XeF2  PF5  [XeF] [PF6 ]

673 K
(c) Xe  F2 
 XeF2
1 bar
(excess)

18. (a) How is radon preapared?

(b) Draw structure of XeF4, IF7.

Sol. (a) Ra226  Rn222 4

 He2
88 86

F
F

F F
F F
I
(b) Xe square planar, Pentagonal bipyramidal.
F F F F

19. Find oxidation number of P, write basicity of each

(a) Pyrophosphoric acid
(b) Orthophosphoric acid
(c) Hypophosphorous acid
Sol. (a) H4P2O7  P = +5, tetrabasic
(b) H3PO4  P = +5, Tribasic
(c) H3PO2  P = + 1, Monobasic
Long Answer Type Questions :
20. Explain (by giving reactions) manufacturing of H2SO4 by contact process. Give one reaction each to show its
oxidising and dehydrating property. Also draw its structure.
Sol. Preparation :
S  O2  SO2

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50 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-1) (Level-I)

SO2  O2 


 2SO3

SO3  H2SO4  H2S2O7

H2S2O7  H2O  H2SO4

Oxidising agent :
S  H2SO4  SO2  H2O

Dehydrating agent :
conc. H SO
C12H22O11 
2 4  12C  H O
2
21. Arrange in increasing order and give reason for each
(a) HClO4, HClO3, HClO2, HClO  Acidic Strength
(b) F2, Cl2, Br2, I2  Bond dissociation enthalpy
(c) NH3, PH3, AsH3, SbH3  Bond angle
Sol. (a) HClO4 > HClO3 > HClO2 > HClO : Acidic strength
(b) Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2 : Bond dissociation enthalpy
(c) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 : Bond angle

  

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 51

Solutions (Set-2)
Objective Type Questions
(Group 15 Elements)
1. Maximum covalent character is shown by
(1) NCl3 (2) PCl3 (3) AsCl3 (4) SbCl3
Sol. Answer (1)
Lesser the electronegativity difference between the two bended atom, higher is the covalent character. Since
the elctronegativity difference between N & Cl is minimum, NCl3 has maximum covalent character, N is more
electronegative then P, As and Sb.

2. HNO2 on disproportionation gives HNO3 and

(1) NO2 (2) N2O5 (3) NO (4) All of these can form
Sol. Answer (3)
Disproportionation of HNO2 takes place as

3HNO 2 
 HNO 3 + H 2O + 2NO

3. The correct order of acidic character is

(1) P4O10 > P4O6 (2) N2O5 > N2O3 (3) N2O3 > P4O6 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
P4O10 is more acidic than P4O6 because with increase in oxidation state, acidity of the oxide increases.
Likewise N2O5 is more acidic than N2O3. Oxide of a more electronegative element is more acidic.
 N2O3 is more acidic than P4O6.

4. In which of the following reactions, products given are not correct?


(1) (NH4 )2 Cr2O7  
 N2  4H2O  Cr2O3 (2) Ba(N3 )2  Ba  3N2

(3) 3Mg  N2  NH4 Cl  NaNO2 NaCl  NH3  NO2
 Mg3N2 (4)
Sol. Answer (4)
The correct reaction is

NH 4Cl + NaNO 2 
 N 2 + 2H 2O + NaCl

5. Oxide of nitrogen which is acidic in nature and blue coloured liquid at –30°C
(1) N2O (2) NO (3) N2O3 (4) NO2
Sol. Answer (3)
N2O3 is an acidic oxide and present as a blue coloured liquid at –30°C. N2O and NO are neutral whereas
NO2 is brown coloured.

6. Covalency and oxidation numbers of nitrogen in N2O5 is respectively

(1) 5, +5 (2) 4, +5 (3) 3, +3 (4) 3, +5

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52 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) (Level-I)

Sol. Answer (2)

Covalency of N is 4 in N2O5 and its oxidation state is +5.

O O O
N N
O O
As clear from the structure of N2O5, covalency of nitrogen is 4 but the oxidation state is +5.

x– 2
N 2 O 5 is a neutral compound. Let the oxidation state of N2O5 be x.

(2 × x) + (–2 × 5) = 0
2x – 10 = 10
x=5

7. Which has maximum melting point?

(1) NH3 (2) PH3 (3) AsH3 (4) SbH3
Sol. Answer (1)
NH3 has maximum melting point among the hydrides of group 15 because NH3 molecules are associated
through H-bonding. Thus H-bonding is absent in other hydrides of group 15, as a result their melting point
is lower than that of NH3.

8. In which of the following N–N bond is not present?

(1) N2O5 (2) N2O (3) N2O4 (4) N2O3
Sol. Answer (1)
Structure of N2O5 shows the absence of N–N bond

O O O
N N
O O

9. Which set of oxide of nitrogen is paramagnetic in monomeric state?

(1) NO, N2O (2) NO2, N2O (3) NO, NO2 (4) N2O, NO, NO2
Sol. Answer (3)
NO and NO2 are both odd electron species. Due to the presence of odd electron, they are paramagnetic in
monomeric state.

10. The incorrect statement among the following is

(1) Reducing character of hydrides of group 15 increases down the group
(2) Basicity of hydrides of group 15 increases down the group
(3) Phosphorus and arsenic can form p–d bond but not nitrogen
(4) NCl5 does not exist

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 53
Sol. Answer (2)
Hydrides of group 15 are basic due to their ability to donate lone pair of electrons. On moving down the group,
the size of atom increases and consequently charge density decreases. Therefore the lone pair is less available
for donation. Hence basicity decreases down the group.

11. Metal which become passive with conc. HNO3

(1) Cr (2) Zn (3) Al (4) Both (1) & (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
Both chromium and aluminium become passive on reaction with conc. HCl because of the formation of oxide
on the surface of the metal.

12. In brown ring test for nitrate ions, brown ring is formed having composition
(1) [Fe(H2O)6]2+ (2) [Fe(H2O)5NO]2+ (3) [Fe(H2O)5NO]3+ (4) [Fe(H2O)5NO2]2+
Sol. Answer (2)
In the brown ring test, the reaction takes place as

⎡⎣Fe H 2O 6 ⎤⎦  ⎡⎣Fe  H 2O 5 NO ⎤⎦

2 2
+ NO  + H 2O
Brown

NO is formed as a result of oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+

NO 3 – + 3Fe 2+ + 4H + 
 NO + 3Fe 3+ + 2H 2O .

13. Allotrope of phosphorus which is polymeric consisting of chains of P4 tetrahedral linked together is
(1) White phosphorus (2) Red phosphorus
(3) Yellow phosphorus (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (2)
Red phosphorus is polymeric in nature consisting of chain of P4 tetrahedra linked together
P P P

P P P P P P

P P P

14. Which is dibasic?

(1) Orthophosphoric acid (2) Pyrophosphoric acid
(3) Orthophosphorus acid (4) Hypophosphorus acid
Sol. Answer (3)
Orthophosphorus acid to H3PO3 which is a dibasic acid
O
P
H OH
OH
Orthophosphorus acid contains two ionizable hydrogen and behaves as dibasic acid.
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54 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) (Level-I)

15. Cyclotrimeta phosphoric acid has total number of P=O & P–O bonds respectively
(1) 5, 3 (2) 3, 9
(3) 3, 6 (4) 5, 6
Sol. Answer (2)
The structure of cyclotrimetaphosphoric acid is
O O O
P P
HO OH
O O
P
O OH
As shown in the figure, cyclotrimetaphosphoric acid contain 3 P=O bond and 9 P–O single bond.
(Group 16 Elements)

16. The one with lowest negative electron affinity in group 16 is

(1) Oxygen (2) Sulphur (3) Selenium (4) Tellurium
Sol. Answer (1)
Because of small size of oxygen atom, addition of additional electron is not much favourable. On moving down
the group size of p-orbitals increases and it can easily accommodate the additional electron. Therefore among
group 16 elements, O has lowest electron affinity. Higher the stability of anion formed, higher is the negative
value of electron affinity.

17. The hybridisation and shape of SF4 is respectively

(1) sp3d2, square planar (2) sp3d2, octahedral
(3) sp3d, see-saw (4) sp3d, trigonal bipyramidal
Sol. Answer (3)
In SF4, there are four bond pairs and one lone pair of electron. This result in sp3d hybridization of s and the
shape becomes see-saw

F S F

F F

18. Correct order of boiling point of group 16 hydrides

(1) H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te (2) H2Te < H2Se < H2S < H2O
(3) H2S < H2Se < H2Te < H2O (4) H2O < H2Te < H2Se < H2S
Sol. Answer (3)
H2O has maximum boiling point because it exhibits hydrogen bonding. On moving down the group size of
atom increases and hence magnitude of van der Waals forces increases. Therefore, the correct order of boiling
point is H2O < H2Te < H2Se < H2S.

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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 55
19. Dioxygen can be prepared by
(1) Heating KClO3
(2) Thermal decomposition of oxides like Ag2O, Pb3O4 etc
(3) Electrolysis of water
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

2KClO 3 
MnO 2
 2KCl + 3O 2

Pb 3O 4 (s) 
 6PbO(s) + O 2 (g)
On electrolysis of H2O, O2 is obtained at anode.

20. The set containing acidic oxides only are

(1) SO2, Cl2O7, CO (2) Al2O3, NO, N2O5
(3) NO, N2O3, N2O5 (4) N2O3, SO2, N2O5
Sol. Answer (4)
CO, and NO neutral oxide whereas Al2O3 is an amphoteric oxide. N2O3, SO2 and N2O5 are acidic oxide. Oxide
of non-metal in higher oxidation state are acidic in nature.

21. The incorrect statement regarding structure of ozone

(1) The two oxygen-oxygen bond length in ozone are identical
(2) It is linear
(3) Bond angle is less than 120º
(4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (2)
Structure of ozone is angular and the bond angle is 117°
O
O O

22. Form of sulphur which shows paramagnetic behaviour

(1) S8 – Rhombic (2) S8 – Monoclinic (3) S2 in vapour state (4) Not possible
Sol. Answer (3)
S2 exist at elevated temperature and it is paramagnetic live O2 due to the presence of unpaired electrons.

23. Which has bleaching action due to reduction and it is temporary?

(1) H2O2 (2) O3 (3) SO2 (4) Cl2
Sol. Answer (3)
The bleaching action due to reduction is temporary. Since the bleaching action of SO2 is due to reduction,
its bleaching action is temporary.

24. On reaction of moist SO2 with potassium permangnate, (Acidic) which is correctly observed?
(1) Colour of KMnO4 is decolourised (2) SO2 is oxidised to SO3

(3) MnO4 is reduced to MnO2 (4) All of these

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56 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) (Level-I)

Sol. Answer (1)

5SO 2 + 2MnO 4 – + 2H 2O 
 5SO 4 2– + 4H + + 2Mn 2+
Pink coloured Colourless

The reduction of Mn7+ to Mn2+ result in decolorization of KMnO4.

25. S–S bond is present in

(1) H2S2O7 (2) H2S2O8
(3) H2S2O6 (4) H2SO5
Sol. Answer (3)
O O
S S
OH
O
OH O
S–S bond is present in H2S2O6.
(Group 17 Elements)

26. Deacon’s process of manufacture of chlorine is represented by the equation

(1) MnO2 + HCl  MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
(2) KMnO4 + HCl  KCl + MnCl2 + H2O + Cl2
CuCl2
(3) HCl  O 2   Cl2  H2O
(4) NaCl + MnO2 + H2SO4  Cl2 + MnCl2 + NaHSO4 + H2O
Sol. Answer (3)
CuCl 2
HCl + O 2   Cl 2 + H 2O
Deacon's process is a method of preparation of chlorine by oxidation of HCl (g) by atmospheric oxygen in
presence of CuCl2 as catalyst at 725 K.

27. The colour shown by halogen is incorrectly given by

(1) F2 = Yellow (2) Cl2 = Colourless
(3) Br2 = Red (4) I2 = Violet
Sol. Answer (2)
All halogens are coloured due to the absorption of different quanta of radiation in visible region. This results
in excitation of outer electrons to higher energy level which gives colour of the halogen. Cl2 is a greenish
yellow gas.

28. Which is incorrectly given according to order indicated?

(1) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 ; Oxidising power
(2) HI > HBr > HCl > HF ; Acidic strength
(3) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 ; Bond dissociation enthalpy
(4) HF > HI > HBr > HCl ; Boiling point
Sol. Answer (3)
The correct order of bond dissociation enthalpy among halogen is Cl2 > F2 > Br2 > I2. Bond dissociation
enthalpy of Cl2 is greater than F2 due to repulsion between lone pairs in F2 which is smaller than Cl2.
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) (Level-I) The p-Block Elements 57
29. Cl2 on reaction with excess of NH3 gives
(1) NH4Cl + N2 (2) NCl3 + HCl
(3) NH4Cl only (4) NH4Cl + NCl3
Sol. Answer (1)
3Cl 2 + 8NH 3 (excess) 
 6NH 4Cl + N 2 .

30. Cl2 on reaction with cold and dilute NaOH gives NaCl and
(1) NaOCl (2) NaClO3
(3) NaClO4 (4) NaClO2
Sol. Answer (1)
Cl 2 + 2NaOH 
 NaCl + NaOCl + H 2O
(Cold & dilute)

573 K
31. Cl2  F2  A
  
(excess)
Shape of compound A is
(1) Linear (2) Tetrahedral
(3) T shape (4) Trigonal bipyramidal
Sol. Answer (3)
573 K
Cl 2 + F2   2ClF3
(Excess)

ClF3 is T-shaped.

32. The correct order of acidic strength is

(1) HClO4 > HClO3 > HClO2 > HClO
(2) HClO3 > HBrO3 > HIO3
(3) H3PO2 > H3PO3 > H3PO4
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Generally, oxoacids in which the central atom is in higher oxidation state are stronger acid but in case of
oxoacids of phosphorous the order is just reversed because in H3PO2 only one ionizable –OH group is present
and two and three –OH group in H3PO3 and H3PO4 respectively. Since in H3PO4 and 1–OH group is there, it
has higher tendency to release H+ than H3PO3 and H3PO4.

33. The one with maximum oxidising power is

(1) Hypochlorous acid (2) Chlorous acid
(3) Chloric acid (4) Perchloric acid
Sol. Answer (1)
The activity of oxyacids of chlorine as oxidizing agents is related inversely to the number of O atoms in the
molecule. Since HOCl hypochlorous acid contains only 1–OH group, it is strongest oxidizing oxyacids of
chlorine.

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58 The p-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) (Level-I)

(Group 18 Elements)

34. Which is mismatched regarding the shape?

(1) XeF4 = Square planar (2) XeOF4 = Square pyramidal
(3) XeF6 = Distorted octahedral (4) XeO3 = Bent T shape
Sol. Answer (4)
XeO3 is pyramidal in shape

Xe
O O
O

35. Structure of XeO2F2 is correctly represented by

(1) O F (2) F
O

Xe
Xe
O F
O
F

(3) O (4) Both (2) & (3)

F

Xe

F
O

Sol. Answer (2)

The hybridization in XeO2F2 is sp3d but due to the presence of one lone pair of electron, its shape is distorted
trigonal bipyramidal.

  

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