Calcutta High Court Pointed Out The Necessary Element For Determining Infringement While Comparing Identical Marks

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Calcutta High Court pointed out the necessary element for determining infringement

while comparing identical marks


In AD Ideas Private Limited v View AD Ideas and Ors., GA 1878 of 2019 with CS 132 of 2019,
the Hon’ble Single Judge of the Calcutta High Court observed that while analysing whether
there is infringement or not by usage of identical marks, the businesses under the respective
marks ought to be considered.
The petitioner company argued that it had been using the mark ‘Ad Ideas’ through its director
since 1987.
Defendant No.1 is a Limited Liability Partnership firm - ‘View Ad Ideas’ and Defendant Nos.
2 and 3 are the partners of the said firm. The defendants were engaged in the same kind of
business as that of the petitioners. The petitioner argued that they came to know from an
internet search that Defendant No.1 partnership firm was incorporated on September 16, 2015.
The petitioner argued that use of the mark by the defendants amounts to infringement, passing-
off and unfair competition. The petitioner further argued that both the parties are using their
mark ‘View Ad Ideas’ in such a manner imitating the style of writing and background such that
it would cause confusion in the minds of the customers and common traders that the defendants'
and the petitioners business concerns are identical.
The Court observed that the petitioner is the prior adopter and user of the mark. While
comparing the two marks, the Court observed that “A mark is said to be infringed by another
trade if, even without using the whole of it, the latter uses one or more of its "essential features".
The identification of an essential feature depends partly on the Court's own judgment and
partly on the burden of the evidence that is placed before it. Ascertainment of an essential
feature is not to be ocular test alone. It is impossible to exclude consideration of the sound
words forming part or the whole of the trade mark which has been infringed.”
The Court went on to observe that “In order to establish infringement of a trade mark, it is not
necessary for the plaintiff/petitioner to establish that the defendant has been using identical
mark. What is necessary is to consider if the mark used by the defendant in his business is
deceptively similar with that of the plaintiff's.” The Court held that a prima facie case has been
made out against the defendant and awarded an ad interim injunction in favour of the petitioner.

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