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EVM Notes Chapter 9

The document discusses natural ecosystems and human impacts on biodiversity. It defines ecosystems and their abiotic and biotic factors, as well as energy flows and nutrient cycles. Habitat loss from activities like deforestation and intensive agriculture is a major cause of declining biodiversity. Efforts to preserve biodiversity include sustainable forest management, conserving genetic resources, and establishing reserves to protect plants and animals.

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707 views

EVM Notes Chapter 9

The document discusses natural ecosystems and human impacts on biodiversity. It defines ecosystems and their abiotic and biotic factors, as well as energy flows and nutrient cycles. Habitat loss from activities like deforestation and intensive agriculture is a major cause of declining biodiversity. Efforts to preserve biodiversity include sustainable forest management, conserving genetic resources, and establishing reserves to protect plants and animals.

Uploaded by

Dolly Narayan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Natural ecosystem and human activity

Part one- Understanding the ecosystem


What is an ecosystem?

1) Abiotic
2) Biotic

Ecosystem structure and abiotic factors

1) Population and communities


2) Habitat
3) Temperature, water, humidity
4) Oxygen, salinity, light

Ecosystem process

1) Food chain and food web


2) Herbivores and carnivores
3) Primary and secondary consumers
4) Decomposers

Energy flows and nutrient cycles

1) Chemical reactions
2) Consumers of the pyramid
3) Energy flow
4) Mineral cycle

Part 2- Importance of preserving biodiversity


Biodiversity

1) Meaning of biodiversity

Animal and plant sampling


1) Quadrant
2) ACFOR
3) Pitfall traps and nets
4) Pooters

Causes and impact of habitat loss

1) Extinction and vulnerability


2) Drainage of wetlands
3) Intensive agricultural practices
4) Deforestation
5) Climax community

Causes and impact of deforestation

1) Need for wood


2) Natural disasters
3) Settlements
4) Habitat loss
5) Soil erosion and desertification
6) Climate change

Part 3- Efforts to preserve our biodiversity


Sustainable management of forests

1) Carbon sinks and stores


2) Prevention of soil erosion
3) Ecotourism

Conserving the biodiversity and genetic resources of natural ecosystems

1) Harvesting of wild plants and animals


2) Sustainable forestry and agroforestry
3) Reserves for plants and animals
4) World biosphere reserves

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