Derivatives
Derivatives
Derivatives
DERIVATIVES PROBLEMS
STEM-1B Lyra
Cierte, Ma. Dezalene G.
An open topped serving box will be made by cutting squares out of each corner of a 12
inches by 18 inches sheet of cardboard and folding the tabs up to form an box.
a. What size of the squares should be cut out to maximize the volume of the box?
b. What will be the volume of the box?
x
12 in 12 – 2x
18 in
18 - 2x
Length: 18-2x or 9-x
Width: 12-2x or 6-x
Height: x
Volume = lwh
V = (9-x)(6-x)(x)
V = x3– 15x2 + 54x V= (2.35)3-15(2.35)2+54(2.35)
V’= 3x2 -30x +54 V= 12.977875-82.8375+126.9
V’= x2 -10x +18 V= 57.04 in3
x2 -10x +18=0
x2 -10x = -18
x2 -10x + 25 = -18+25
(x-5)2 = 7
x-5 = ± √7
x = 5+√7 x=5-√7
x= 7.65 x=2.35
a. x= 2.35
Narag , Lance Eirich
Problem:
Let s(t) = t3 – 12t2 + 45t be the position of a particle in meters after t seconds.
The equation of a rectilinear movement is: d(t) = t³ − 27t. At what moment is the
velocity zero? Also, what is the acceleration at this moment?
Solution :
→t³-27t = 0
→3t²=27
→3t²/3=27/3
→t²=9
→√t²=√9
→t=3
→ 3t²-27
→ 6t
→ t=3
→ 6(3)
→ 18
Raya, Stephanie Claire
The displacement (in meters) of a particle moving in a straight linr is given by the
equation of motion s= 5t^3 + 3t + 8.
s(t)= 5t3+3t+8
s'(t)= v(t)
v(t)= 5(3)t2+3
= 15t2+3
a. v(2)= 15(2)2+3
= 15×4+3
= 60+3
= 63 m/s
v'(t)= a (v)
a(t)= 15×2t
= 30t
b. a(2)= 30(2)
= 60 m/s2
Fernandez, Ydhelbize O.
Solution:
50𝑡
𝑅(𝑡) =
𝑡2 + 36
(𝑡 2 + 36)(50) − (50𝑡)(2𝑡)
=
(𝑡 2 + 36)2
−50𝑡 2 + 1800
=
(𝑡 2 + 36)2
−50𝑡 2 + 1800
0 =
(𝑡 2 + 36)2
−50𝑡 2 + 1800
[(𝑡 2 + 36) 2]
[0 = ] [(𝑡 2 + 36)2 ]
(𝑡 2 + 36)2
2
0 = −50𝑡 + 1800
2
50𝑡 = 1800
2
50𝑡 1800
=
50 50
2
𝑡 = 36
√ 𝑡2 = √36
𝑡=6
Perimeter: 2l + 2w
𝒍 = √𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎
𝒘 = √𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎
A particle moves along the x-axis. The function of x(t) gives the particles position at any
3 2
t ≥ 0: 𝑡 − 4𝑡 + 3𝑡 − 2
2
v(t) = x’(t) = 3𝑡 − 8𝑡 + 3 (1st derivative)
v(2) = 3(2)2 − 8(2) + 3
= 12 − 16 + 3
= −1
a(t) = v’(t)
x”(t) = 6𝑡 − 8 (2nd derivative)
a(3) = 6(3) − 8
= 10
2
v(3) = 3𝑡 − 8𝑡 + 3
= 3(2)2 8(2) + 3
= 27 − 24 − 3
=6
Increasing because our velocity at 𝑡 = 3 and accelareation are both positive.
de Guzman, Angela Grace U.
Starting from the same point, Lex started walking towards the east at the speed of 4 m/s
and Randy ran towards the south at the speed of 3 m/s. Determine how fast is the
distance between Lex and Randy changing after 1 second.
Given:
xI = 4 m/s x = (4)(1) = 4 x
y
yI = 3 m/s y = (3)(1) = 3
zI = ? z=?
x2 + y2 = z2
42 + 32 = z2
2
16 + 9 = z2 √25 = √𝑡 z=5
Step 2: Differentiation
x2 + y2 = z2
32 + 18 = 10(zI)
𝑡
50 10(𝑡 )
= zI = 5
10 10
Celerio, John Erick
What is the smallest possible sum of squares of two numbers, if their product is -16?
S=x2+y2 xy=-16
−16 2 −16
S(x) = x2+ ( ) y=
𝑥 𝑥
S’(x) = 2x -512x-3
2x -512x-3 = 0
2x4 = 512
x4 = 256
x2 = 16
x=4
y = -4
S = (4)2 + (-4)2
= 16 + 16
= 32
Maghirang, Arwin R.
A gardener wants to make a rectangular fence enclosure using a wall as one side
and 120m of fencing for the other three sides. Express the area in terms of x, and find
the value of x that gives the greatest area.
x+x+y=120
2x+y=120
2x+y=120
y=120-2x
AI=120-4x
120-4x=0
WALL 120 4𝑥
=
4 4
30 = x
X X
A = lw
A = xy
Y
A = x (120 - 2x)
A = 120 - 2x2
Pardiñas, Isaac Raphael
𝐿𝑊 180,000
= A=LW
𝑊 𝑊
LW=180,000m2
180,000
𝐿= 2W+L
𝑊
180,000
2w+
𝑊
2w+180,000w-1
2-180,000w-2
180,000
𝑊 2 [2 − = 0] 𝑊 2
𝑊 2 180,000
𝐿=
300
2W2-180,000=0
W=300
2
2𝑊 180,000
=
2 2 L=600
𝑊 = ±300
Pillosas, Richard C.
Person
𝑍 𝐼 =?
2z𝑧 𝐼 = 2x𝑥 𝐼 + 2y𝑦 𝐼
𝑋𝐼 = 2
𝐼
𝑋𝑋 𝐼 + 𝑌𝑌 𝐼
𝑍 = 𝑌𝐼 = 7
2
𝑍 = √(30)2 + (105)2
Z
𝑍 = √11925 Y
Z=109.2016
X
(30)(2)+(105)(7)
𝑍𝐼 = =7.2801m/s2
109.2016
Iranzo,John Nichol P.
s=position
v=velocity v=s¹=f¹(t)
a) s=8t²-4t+23
v=s¹=16t-4
v=16t-4
b) a=v¹=16
a=16
Erlano, Redentor Jr.
A car braked with a constant deceleration of 16ft/𝑠 3 , producing skid marks measuring
200ft becoming to a stop. How fast was the car travelling when the breaks were first
applied.
𝑎(𝑡) = −16
𝑣(𝑡) ∫ 𝑎(𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
𝑣(𝑡) = ∫ −16 𝑑𝑡
𝑣(𝑡) = 16𝑡 + 𝑐
Use 𝑠(0) = 0
𝑠(𝑡) = ∫ 𝑣(𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 = ∫(−16𝑡 + 𝑐) 𝑑𝑡
0 = −8(0)2 + 𝐶(0) + 𝐷
−16𝑡 2
= +𝐶+𝐷 0=𝐷
2
𝑣(𝑡) = −16𝑡 + 𝐶
𝑣(𝑡) = −16𝑡 + 𝐶
𝑠(𝑡) = −8𝑡 2 + 𝐶(𝑡)
𝑠(𝑡) = −8𝑡 2 + 𝐶𝑡 + 𝐷
𝑣(𝑛) = 16(𝑛) + 𝐶 = 0
−16𝑛 + 𝐶 = 0
𝐶 = 16𝑛
𝑛=5
Arriola James Bernard, B
1.How much work is required to lift a 5kg book 2m high above the ground?
(g=9.8m/s^2). (b) How much work is required to lift a 30lb box 4feet off the ground.
Solution:
W= F (d) , F= m (g)
W=mgd
W= 98J
W=(30lbs) (4ft)
W= 120ft.lbs
Arinuelo, Lexuz
You decided to open a shoe factory. How many pair of shoes should you produce
in order to optimize your profit given that your cost is C(x)= x3-6x2+15x and you will be
paid 10$ per pair produced.
C(x)= x3-6x2+15x
= 10x - x3-6x2+15x
= -x3+6x2-5x
= (-x3+6x2-5x) -1
= x3-6x2+5x
P(x)’ = 3x2-12x+5
x= 3.5275
x= 0.4725
= 6(0.4725)- 12 > 0
The combined perimeter of a circle and rectangle is 100 inches. The length of a
rectangleis twice its width. Find the dimension of each in to mininize the total area.
2x
2(3.14)r+6x=100
6.28r+6x=100 r
x
6x/6=(100-6.28r)/6
x=16.67-1.05r
A= 3.14r2+2x2
A= 3.14r2+2(16.67-1.05r) 2
A'= 6.28r+4(16.67-1.05r)(-1.05)
= 6.28r-70.014+4.41r
= 10.69r-70.014=0
A'= 10.69r/10.69=70.014/10.69
A'= r = 6.55
X = 16.67-1.05r
= 16.67-1.05(6.55)
= 16.67-6.8775
X = 9.7925
Circle : r = 6.55
Width=9.7925
Rectangle: 19.585x 9.7925
length=2x or 19.585
Flores, John Carlo M.
Time Rates
A point moves on the curve y=x²+3x+5. How fast is "y" changing when x= -2 and x is
decreasing at a rate 3?
Solution:
y= x²+3x+5
x= -2 dx= -3
dy= (2x+3)dx
dy= [(2(-2)+3)](-3)
dy= (-1)(-3)
dy= 3
Albano, Kael
We are going to fence in a rectangular field. If we look at the field from above the cost of the vertical
sides are $10/ft, the cost of the bottom is $2/ft and the cost of the top is $7/ft. If we have $700
determine the dimensions of the field that will maximize the enclosed area.
9
𝑦 = 35 − 20 𝑥
9
𝐴(𝑥) = 𝑥 (35 − 20 𝑥)
9
= 35𝑥 − 20 𝑥 2
9
𝐴′ (𝑥) = 35 − 20 𝑥 2
9
35 − 20 𝑥 2 = 0
350
𝑥= 9
9
𝐴′′ (𝑥) = − 10
9 350 35
𝑦 = 35 − 10 ( )=
9 2
350 35
𝑥= 𝑦=
9 2
Pansoy, Arjay
The demand function for a product is p= $ 1000 - √𝑥. The cost to produce x units
is C = $50000+$100x. What price should be set to maximize the profit of the
product?
R= P · x
P= R-C
+ -
360,000
= 1000 – 600
= $ 400
Romo, Neil John U.
The sales of a product "S" in thousand pesos are related to advertising expenses in
200𝑥
thousand of pesos by S=𝑥+10. Find the rate of change of sales with respect to advertising
Solution:
200𝑥
S= 𝑥+10
𝑑𝑆 (𝑥+10)(200)−200𝑥(1)
=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥+10)2
𝑑𝑆 (20)(200)−200(10)
=
𝑑𝑥 (20)2
𝑑𝑆
=5
𝑑𝑥
Romero, John Christian
TIME RATES
An object moves along a coordinate line that it's position y = 2t²-12t+8 where y is
measured in centimeters and t in seconds. Determine the velocity of the object when t =
6 sec.
Y = 2t²-2t+8
Dy/dt = 4t-12
Dy/dt = V
V = 4t-12
= 4(6)-12
V = 12cm/sec
Dangue, Sofia Bernadette
The equation of a rectilinear movement is: d(t)= t³-108t. At what movement is the
velocity zero? Also, what is the acceleration at this moment?
t³-108t
3t²-108=0
3t²=108
3 3
√t² = √36
t=±6
=6t
=6(6)
=36
Aranguren, Christian C.
Two people on bikes are at the same place. One of the bikers starts riding directly north
at a rate of 8 m/sec. Five seconds after the first biker started riding north the second
starts to ride directly east at a rate of 5 m/sec. At what rate is the distance between the
two riders increasing 20 seconds after the second person started riding?
𝑧2 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2
𝑥𝑥1 + 𝑦𝑦 1
𝑧𝐼 =
𝑧
x = (5)(20)=100
y = (8)(25)=200
The rate of change of the distance between the two people is then,
(100) (5) + (200)(8)
𝑧𝐼 = = 9.3915
223.6068
Caballero, JC
ℎ
∫𝑜 (200 − 4𝑥)𝑑𝑥
ℎ
∫𝑜 (200 − 4𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 800
ℎ
800 = ∫𝑜 (200 − 4𝑥)𝑑𝑥
= [200𝑥 − 2𝑥 2
100±√1002 −4(1)(400)
ℎ= 2
1
= 50 ± 2 √10000 − 1600
1
= 50 ± 2 √8400
1
50 + √8400 = 95.826
2
1
50 − √8400 = 4.174
2
Dorado, Kate Airielle Marie
A rectangular package must have a maximum combined length and girth (the perimeter
around the rectangle; this happens to be a square) of 144 inches. Find the dimensions of
the box that yields the maximum volume.
Let x be the sides of the square end of the box, and y be the length of the box.
Since we know the combined length (y) and girth (4x) can be 144, and we are
wanting a maximum volume, we can assume that we’ll use 144.
Then, get the x in terms of y:
4𝑥 + 𝑦 = 144
𝑦 = 144 − 4𝑥
To get the maximum volume, we have to take the derivatives of the volume of the
box and set to 0:
𝑉 = 𝑙𝑤ℎ
𝑉 = 𝑥 ∙ 𝑥 ∙ 𝑦 𝑉 = 𝑥 2 ∙ (144 − 4𝑥) 𝑉 = 144𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 3
𝑉 ′ = 288𝑥 − 12𝑥 2
12𝑥 2 = 288𝑥 𝑥 = ±24 (use positive)
𝑦 = 144 − 4(24) ≈ 48
So to get the maximum area, the box should be 24 inches by 24 inches by 48
inches.
Reyes, Karla Marie
In marketing a certain item, a business has found that the demand for the item is
represented by the function: p= 55/√x. The cost of producing x items is given by the
function: . Find the price per unit that gives the maximum profit.
In able to find the price, we need to use this equation:
P= R (x) – C (x)
Since we have the value of C (x), we just need to find the value of R (x). In able to find
that, we need to multiply the fixed price (which is the demand function) to the number
of items (which is x).
R (x) = (55/√x) (x)
= 55√x
After we find the value of R (x), we can now substitute it to the given formula.
P = (55√x) – (0.4x + 700)
= 55√x – 0.4x – 700
NOTE: We don’t need to find the value of x since we’re finding the price per unit. We
can directly substitute it to the given fixed price.
p = 55/68.75
= 0.80
So the price per unit is $0.80.
Millares, Dave D.
The equation of a rectilinear movement is: d(t) = t³ − 27t. At what moment is the
velocity zero? Also, what is the acceleration at this moment?
3t² − 27 = 0
3t² = 27
3 3
√t² = √9
t=±3
a(t) = d′'(t) = 6t
6(−3) = −18
6(3) = 18
De Guzman, Mark Anthony
How fast are you travelling if you took 5 hours to go 300 miles?
d/t = vt/t
d/t =v or v=d/t
v=300miles/5hours
v=60miles/hour
Balbalosa, Abigail M.
A rectangular page with 25 square inches of print has margins of 1 inch on each side.
Find the
X
X+2
Y
Y+2 25 sq in
Solution:
Let’s make x = the width of the print and y = the height of the print. Since there’s a 1
inch margin on
each side, it follows that x + 2 is the width of the piece of paper, and y + 2 is the height of
the paper. We
can relate the two variables, x and y, by using the are of the print:
xy = 25 ; y = 25/x .
Since we want minimum area, we have to take the derivatives of the area of the whole
piece of
paper and set to 0:
A = width x height; A = (x + 2)(y + 2); A = (x + 2) (25/x + 2) = 50x^-1 + 2x + 29
dA/dx = -50x^-2 + 2 y = 25/5
0 = -50x^-2 + 2 = 5
x^-2 = 1/25
x=5
So to get the minimum area, the width of print should be 5 inches, and the height should
be 5 inches.
This means the width and height of the paper should each be 7 inches.
Capulong, Andrea Mae
Sanchez, Jessel Joyce
It is estimated that the cost of constructing an office building that is x floors high is
given by C(x)= 2x ²-48x+600. How many floors should the building have in order to
minimize cost?
Constraints: x≥0
4x=48 - +
X=12 12
min
Min of C(12)= Doesn’t need to solve because the problem only asking for the number of
floors(x).
Joe wants to build a rectangular fence attached to his house. Joe has 400m of material
and wants the area enclosed in the fence to be a maximum. Find the dimensions of the
field enclosed by the fence.
x+x+y= 400
2x+y= 400
y=400-2x
lw
x(400-2x) y=400-2(100)
x x 400x-2x² y=400-200
400-4x y=200
y 400-4x=0
4x=400
x=100
100m by 200m
x x
FINAL ANSWER
y
Lorenzo, Lance Rozenkran I.
Pasia, Adlin R.
Deangkinay, Mariane D.
Find two positive numbers such that the sum of the first and twice the second is 100 and
x= 100-2y
f'(x) = 100-4y x = 50
Amorao, Dianne P.
The position of an object at any time t is given by s(t)= 3t^4 - 40t^3 + 126t^2-9.
t=0 t= 3 t=7
Hitosis, Kamille Anne R.
Find a pair of non-negative numbers that have a product of 196 and minimize the sum
of four times the first number and the second number.
xy = 196 S = 4x + y
196 196 196
𝑦= S = 4x + y=
x x 𝑥
196
S = 4x + 196𝑥 −1 y= 7
𝑆 𝐼 = 4 – 196𝑥 −2 y = 28
196
=4- x2
4x2 −196 =0
= x2 =0
4 x2 196
= =
𝑥 4
√𝑥 2 = √49 √𝑥 2 = √0
x = ±7 x=7
Lim, Princess Doryly
A water tank (inverted cone) with radius 2 m and height of 4 m. If water id pumped in at
a rate of 2m3/ min. Find the rate at which the level is rising when the water is 3m deep.
V = 1/3 ∏r2h
=1/3 ∏(h/2)2h
= (∏/12)h3
r = 2 r= h
h 4 2
dv = ∏h2 dh
dt 4 dt
dh 8 m/min
dt 9∏