Sverker 750

SVERKER 750/780
Relay Test Unit
User’s Manual
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ZP-CD03E
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SVERKER 750/780
Relay Test Unit
User’s Manual
NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT & PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

© 2009, Megger Sweden AB. All rights reserved.
The contents of this manual are the property of Megger Sweden
AB. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in
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agreement with Megger Sweden AB. Megger Sweden AB has made
every reasonable attempt to ensure the completeness and accuracy
of this document. However, the information contained in this
manual is subject to change without notice, and does not represent
a commitment on the part of Megger Sweden AB. Any attached
hardware schematics and technical descriptions, or software
listings that disclose source code, are for informational purposes
only. Reproduction in whole or in part to create working hardware
or software for other than Megger Sweden AB products is strictly
prohibited, except as permitted by written license agreement with
Megger Sweden AB.
TRADEMARK NOTICES
Megger® and Programma® are trademarks registered in the U.S.
and other countries. All other brand and product names mentioned
in this document are trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective companies.
Megger Sweden AB is certified according to ISO 9001 and 14001.
Megger Sweden AB
Eldarvägen 4 T +46 8 510 195 00
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Sweden www.megger.com
ZP-CD03E SVERKER 750/780 3

Contents 5 Making settings on the display.......... 28

5.1 Introduction....................................................... 28
5.2 Button functions................................................ 29
1 Safety . ................................................... 6 5.3 Direction indicator............................................. 29
Symbols on the instrument................................. 6 5.4 The menu system............................................... 30
5.5 Test mode.......................................................... 32
2 Introduction............................................ 8 5.6 Injection............................................................. 32
2.1 Applications......................................................... 8
5.7 Ammeter........................................................... 33
Other applications.............................................. 8
5.8 Voltmeter........................................................... 33
2.2 Design and construction...................................... 9
5.9 Ω , φ , W , VA... (Extra measurement)............... 34
3 Description........................................... 10 5.10 Timer............................................................... 35
3.1 General.............................................................. 10 5.11 Display............................................................. 35
SVERKER 750 control panel.............................. 10 5.12 Off delay.......................................................... 36
SVERKER 780 control panel.............................. 10 5.13 0-Level filter..................................................... 36
3.2 Current source................................................... 11 5.14 Save/Recall....................................................... 37
3.3 Timer................................................................. 12 5.15 Remote control................................................ 37
Start conditions................................................ 12 5.16 Language......................................................... 38
Stop conditions................................................. 12 5.17 SW.................................................................. 38
3.4 Trip indicator...................................................... 13
6 How to operate
3.5 Display............................................................... 13
SVERKER............................................. 40
3.6 Ammeter & voltmeter........................................ 14
6.1 General.............................................................. 40
3.7 AC Voltage source............................................. 15
6.2 Injecting current – General rules ....................... 40
SVERKER 750.................................................... 15
Output alarm.................................................... 40
SVERKER 780.................................................... 15
6.3 Selecting the correct current output................... 41
3.8 Auxiliary voltage source..................................... 15
6.4 Measuring current............................................. 41
3.9 Make/Break contact........................................... 16
6.5 Setting the desired current................................. 42
3.10 Resistor set and capacitor................................. 16
6.6 Finding pick-up and drop-out limits for
3.11 Power supply................................................... 17 over current/voltage/other entity relays............. 43
3.12 Computer interface.......................................... 17 6.7 Finding pick-up and drop-out limits for
under current/voltage/other entity relays........... 44
4 Control panels...................................... 18
6.8 Measuring operating times for over
4.1 Front panels....................................................... 18
current/voltage/other entity relays .................... 45
SVERKER 750.................................................... 18
6.9 Measuring operating times for under
SVERKER 780.................................................... 19
(current/voltage/other entity) relays .................. 46
4.2 Current source................................................... 20 6.10 Measuring voltage........................................... 46
4.3 Timer................................................................. 21 6.11 Obtaining the correct phase angle when
4.4 Trip indicator...................................................... 22 two or more AC outputs are being used........... 47
4.5 Display............................................................... 22 6.12 Generating higher voltages.............................. 47
4.6 Ammeter & voltmeter........................................ 23 6.13 Setting an auxiliary voltage.............................. 48
4.7 AC Voltage source............................................. 23 6.14 Testing voltage relays – both pre-fault and
SVERKER 750.................................................... 23 fault voltages.................................................... 48
SVERKER 780.................................................... 23 Only for SVERKER 750...................................... 48
4.8 Auxiliary voltage source..................................... 24 6.15 Changing the current and voltage phase
4.9 Make/Break contact........................................... 24 difference......................................................... 49
SVERKER 750.................................................... 49
4.10 Resistor set and capacitor................................. 25
SVERKER 750.................................................... 25 SVERKER 780.................................................... 49
SVERKER 780.................................................... 25 6.16 Measuring the phase angle.............................. 50
4.11 Power supply................................................... 25 6.17 Measuring external cycle time
(measurement not initiated by SVERKER) ......... 51
4.12 Other............................................................... 26
6.18 Measuring Z, P, R, X, VA, VAR and COS φ...........51
4 SVERKER 750/780 ZP-CD03E

6.19 Plotting a magnetization curve......................... 52

6.20 Testing an automatic recloser........................... 52
6.21 Measuring the trip pulse length....................... 53
6.22 Injecting current – External start....................... 54
7 Application examples.......................... 56
7.1 Testing voltage relays......................................... 56
7.2 Testing over-current relays.................................. 57
7.3 Testing directional over-current relay systems or
directional ground-fault (earth-fault)
relay systems.................................................... 59
SVERKER 780.................................................... 59
SVERKER 750.................................................... 60
7.4 Testing power relays........................................... 62
7.5 Testing undervoltage relays ............................... 64
Test hook-up and initial settings . ..................... 64
7.6 Testing motor overload releases and overcurrent
cut-outs that grant/deny starting permission..... 65
7.7 Testing frequency relays..................................... 66
8 Troubleshooting................................... 68
8.1 General.............................................................. 68
8.2 Displayed values ............................................... 68
8.3 Error messages etc............................................. 69
9 Specifications....................................... 70
Specifications SVERKER 750 / 780............................. 70
Specifications extended............................................ 71
Maximum load times for different currents....... 71
The voltage outputs of the current source......... 71
Separate AC voltage source ............................. 71
9.3 Inputs................................................................ 72
Timer inputs..................................................... 72
External ammeter input.................................... 72
9.4 Make/Break contact........................................... 73
Normal use....................................................... 73
Breaker state simulation.................................... 73
Maximum values............................................... 73
9.5 Measurement section......................................... 73
Timer................................................................ 73
Ammeter.......................................................... 73
Voltmeter......................................................... 74
9.6 Other . .............................................................. 75
Injection........................................................... 75
Filtering............................................................ 75
Off delay.......................................................... 75
Memories......................................................... 75
Environment..................................................... 75
Set of resistors.................................................. 75
Index....................................................................... 76

1 Safety
1 Safety
Symbols on the instrument

Caution, refer to accompanying docu- Warning
ments. First of all, connect protective earth
(ground). Use the green/yellow cable.
Never connect the SVERKER 750/780 to an

Protective conductor terminal. external voltage if the protective earth
(ground) is not connected.
WEEE, Waste Electrical and Electronic Always use safety connecting leads.
Equipment. Please utilize your local
WEEE collection facilities in the dispo- Always turn the SVERKER 750/780 off
sition of this product and otherwise before connecting.
observe all applicable requirements.
Generated voltages and currents may be
harmful to the operator or the device
under test.
The SVERKER 750/780 should be operated

only from the type of power source indi-
cated on its nameplate.
The SVERKER 750/780 must not be used in

Important
other ways than stated by the manufac-
Read and comply with the following in-
turer.
structions.
Always comply with local safety regula-
Never spill water or other liquid of any
tions.
kind on the SVERKER 750/780.
The SVERKER 750/780 is equipped with
a mains plug having a third (earthing,
Unplug the SVERKER 750/780 from the
grounding) pin. This plug will only fit into
wall outlet before cleaning. Use a damp
an earthing/grounding-type power outlet.
cloth for cleaning. Do not use liquid clean-
ers or aerosol cleaners.
Do not use auxiliary equipment not

recommended by the SVERKER 750/780
manufacturer since this may cause haz-
ards.
Do not attempt to service the SVERK-

ER 750/780 yourself. Opening or removing
covers may expose you to dangerous volt-
age and other hazards.

1 Safety
Important
For added protection during a lightning
storm, or when the SVERKER 750/780
is left unattended and unused for long
periods of time, unplug it from the wall
outlet. This will prevent damage due to
lightning and power line surges.
The maximum load times depends on the

used current value, see chapter 9 under
Specifications extended.
If, for some reason, you need to return

your SVERKER 750/780, please use ei-
ther the original transport box or one of
equivalent strength.

2 Introduction
2 Introduction
2.1 Applications Current and voltage transformation ratio tests

Burden measurement for relay protection equipment
SVERKER 750/780 is intended primarily for testing
relay protection equipment, but it can also be used for Impedance measurement
many other purposes. Virtually all single-phase relay
Efficiency tests
protection equipment can be tested, and SVERK-
ER 750/780 can also test three-phase relay protection Polarity (direction) tests
equipment that can be tested phase by phase. Moreo-
ver, many relay protection systems that require phase
shifting can be tested.
Items that can be tested using

SVERKER 750/780 include:
Type of relay IEEE standard
code
Overcurrent relay 50/76
Inverse time overcurrent relay 51
Undercurrent relay 37
Ground fault relay 50
Directional overcurrent relay 67
Directional ground fault relay 67N
Overvoltage relay 59
Undervoltage relay 27
Directional voltage relay 91
Directional power relay  32
Power factor relay 55
Differential protection 87
(differential circuit)
Distance protection 21
equipment (phase by phase)
Negative sequence overcurrent 46N
relay
Motor overload protection 51/86
Automatic reclosing devices 79
Tripping relays 94
Voltage regulating relay
Underimpedance relay 21
(Z less than ...)
Thermal relay 50
Time-delay relay
Frequency relay 82
Other applications
Plotting excitation curves

2 Introduction
2.2 Design and

construction
The current source built into SVERKER can provide
0-10 A, 0-40 A, 0-100 A, 0-250 V AC or
0-300 V DC. Timing and generation (output) can be
carried out simultaneously. When the relay protection
equipment trips, both output and timing are inter-
rupted.
Note The current output depends on the burden of

the relay (circuit). This means that it is possible
to get high output currents, over the maxi-
mum measurement range of 250 A.
There is also a separate built-in AC voltage source to
supply the relay voltage input.
A 20-220 V DC voltage source is used to provide
auxiliary voltage.
The quality of the output signal is depending on the
quality of the input voltage. If the main voltage is
distorted the output signal will also be distorted.
However, the AC voltage source in SVERKER 780 is
fully synthesized by the instruments itself and there-
fore independent of the mains input voltage.
SVERKER is equipped with a timer, ammeter and
voltmeter, and these instruments can also be used to
indicate resistance, impedance, phase angle, power
and power factor. Moreover, these instruments can be
used for measurements in external circuits.
A set of resistors and a capacitor (SVERKER 750) are
provided, and they can be connected into the circuits
being tested to provide phase shifts, fine adjustments
and the like.
A make/break contact can be used to synchronize
other circuits with tests that are being conducted.
SVERKER settings are made using knobs and other
controls on the control panel. Numerous other set-
tings can be made via the display window built into
the control panel.

3 Description
3 Description
3.1 General 1 Current source
This chapter presents a general description of SVERK- 2 Timer

ER and the types of functions it performs. For more 3 Trip indicator
detailed descriptions, please see Chapters 4 and 5. 4 Display
5 Ammeter & voltmeter
SVERKER 750 control panel 6 AC voltage source
➊ 7 Auxiliary voltage source
❾ 8 Make/Break contact
9 Resistor set and capacitor
10 Power supply
❽ ➎
➍ 11 Computer interface
❼ 12 Start switch
➋
13 Main knob
➏
➌ ⓭
⓬
❿ ⓫
SVERKER 780 control panel

➊
❾
❽ ➎
➍
❼
➋
➏
➌ ⓭
⓬
❿ ⓫

3 Description
3.2 Current source Generation that con-

tinues until the object
Generation continues until the
timer stops.
The main source built into SVERKER can pro- being tested trips
vide 0 – 100 A, 0 – 40 A, 0 – 10 A, 0 – 250 V AC or Momentary (manually- This permits the user to provide
0 – 300 V DC, depending on which output is used. As controlled) generation brief, manually-controlled
a rule, this current source is used to provide simulated generation that is interrupted
sudden – change fault conditions for the object being immediately when the start
switch is released.
tested.
Time-limited generation Here, you can set a maximum
Values are set using the main knob on the control time for generation. When it
panel. Current, voltage and other settings appear expires, generation is inter-
on the display. See section headed ”Ammeter and rupted immediately.
voltmeter”. Restarted generation You can set the SVERKER
(used to test automatic so that generation will be
Generation is turned on and off using the start switch reclosing devices) restarted (start again) when the
which has four positions timer start input is activated.
This feature is used to test
automatic reclosing devices.
Indication State Used to
ON+TIME Current source Measure operating
is activated until times for over-current/
the object being voltage/other entity
tested has oper- relays.
ated. The time is
then displayed,
whereupon
SVERKER returns
automatically to
the OFF mode*.
OFF Current source is Turn off the current
turned off. source.
ON Current source is Make settings and
turned on (acti- find pick-up / drop-out
vated). limits.
OFF+TIME Current source is Measure operating
turned off. When times for under-
the object being current/voltage/other
tested has oper- entity relays.
ated, the time is
displayed, where-
upon SVERKER
returns automati-
cally to the OFF
mode.
*) When trip occurs, generation is interrupted after a
number of mains cycles. This delay simulates the circuit
breaker’s breaking time. The length of delay can be set by
the user.
An indicator lamp to the right of the set of resistors

is lighted during generation. Generation start-up is
synchronized with the mains, thus eliminating inaccu-
racies in the test results attributable to the instant at
which the start switch is activated.
There are a number of different types of generation,
and they are selected via the display window (Chapter
5)
Type of generation Explanation

3 Description
3.3 Timer Measuring an external cycle

Before measuring, SVERKER must be set to the
Since the timer has a start input and a stop input,
ON+TIME state, whereupon the timer will also be
it can be used to measure external cycles as well as
cleared to zero.
sequences initiated by SVERKER. The measured time
appears in the display window.
Clearing the timer
To test automatic reclosing devices, SVERKER is able
The timer will be cleared to zero when generation
to measure a number of sequential time intervals and
starts again.
display the results later.
The inputs can be set individually to respond either to Testing automatic reclosing devices
zero-potential contact operation or to a voltage (AC
A setting must be made via the display window before
or DC).
you can test automatic reclosing devices. ON+TIME is
lighted throughout the entire cycle. Generation starts
Input state indicators again each time the timer’s start input is activated.
At each timer START and STOP input there is an input
state indicator lamp that indicates the state of the
input. When the indicator lamp is lighted, it indicates
either a closed circuit (for contact mode) or the pres-
ence of a voltage (for voltage mode). These indicators
permit you to (for example) check the circuits involved
before starting a test sequence.
Start conditions
The timer can be started in the following ways:
Indication Start condition

INT a) When an internal start occurs, i.e.
for a test sequence started by SVERKER
(ON+TIME or OFF+TIME).
b) When a voltage is applied to the start
input or when a contact is closed.
c) When a voltage applied to the start in-
put vanishes or when a contact is opened
+ d) When the state of the input changes.
Stop conditions
The timer can be stopped in the following ways:
Indication Stop condition

INT a) When an outgoing current is interrupt-
ed (internal detection).
b) When a voltage is applied to the stop
input or when a contact is closed.
c) When a voltage applied to the stop in-
put vanishes or when a contact is opened.

3 Description
3.4 Trip indicator 3.5 Display

When the stop condition is met, the TRIP indicator is Current, voltage and other entities can be shown on
lighted. This lamp indicates tripping of the relay pro- the display.
tection equipment. When a test includes timing, this
The display window is also used to make settings. To
indicator lamp flashes when tripping occurs.
do this, you must put SVERKER in the setting mode by
pressing the button marked MODE.

3 Description
3.6 Ammeter & voltmeter Instead of having current and voltage shown in
amperes and volts, you can have them shown as a
SVERKER is equipped with an ammeter and voltmeter. percentage of a given current or voltage (the relay
These instruments can also be used to display resist- protection equipment’s setting for example). A flash-
ance, impedance, phase angle, power and power ing current value means that the value is less than 1%
factor. Moreover, these instruments can be used to of the range being used. To get a more accurate cur-
perform measurements in external circuits. In both rent reading, you can then measure via the ammeter
cases, the values appear on the display. input.
The ammeter measures one of the following:
• Current at one of the current outputs 0‑100 A,
0‑40 A or 0‑10 A.
• Current in an external circuit connected to the
SVERKER 750/760 ammeter panel input (marked
).
You select the desired measurement site (test point)
using the button marked A, whereupon a indicator
lamp lights at the selected measurement site.
The voltmeter shows the voltage connected to the
voltmeter input (marked V) on the panel. This input is
always activated.
The ammeter and voltmeter both change ranges auto-
matically, but they can also be changed manually. For
AC, they measure true RMS value. You can change
from AC to DC and vice versa.
Note When using AUTO RANGE the measured

value can be totally wrong. This can happen
when a previous value was in another range
than the present value.
Set the correct range (see section 9.5) and/or
repeat the same test again.
A HOLD (freeze) function permits you to measure volt-
ages and currents having duration as short as a quar-
ter of the mains cycle. When the timer is stopped, the
current and voltage values are frozen. If the timer is
not stopped, the values present when the current was
interrupted are frozen. The hold function is engaged
by pressing the button marked HOLD. - - - - can some-
times appear during measurement of high-speed AC
cycles when the hold function is invoked. This means
that no value could be presented because the cycle
was too short.
If O.F. (means overflow, i.e. a value beyond the meas-
urement range) appears, the cycle being measured
may have been so fast that there wasn’t time for
automatic range changing. In such case, you should
repeat the measurement. The range-changing system
is memory-equipped, and repeating your measure-
ment may give it time to make the change properly.
When current and/or voltage fluctuate widely, a filter
can be engaged to make reading easier. The filter
performs an averaging function.

3 Description
3.7 AC Voltage source 3.8 Auxiliary voltage

source
SVERKER 750
The auxiliary voltage source provides 20-220 V DC
The AC voltage source provides 0-120 V AC (split
(split into two ranges). It is equipped with overcurrent
into two ranges). It has two knobs of its own, one for
protection, and it is separate from the other outputs.
rough and one for fine settings. Since the AC voltage
Moreover, it can be used to supply the relay being
source is separated from other outputs, it is set inde-
tested.
pendently of the current source.
The AC voltage source is intended primarily for the
relay protection equipment’s voltage input. A set of
resistors and a capacitor can be used to change the
phase angle of the current and the voltage.
SVERKER 780
The AC voltage source provides 0-230 V AC with
adjustable phase-angle and frequency. Since the AC
voltage source is separated from other outputs, it is
set independently of the current source.
The generated waveform is independent from the
mains AC supply as it is internally synthesized by the
SVERKER 780.
The AC voltage source is intended primarily for the
relay protection equipment’s voltage input.

3 Description
3.9 Make/Break contact 3.10 Resistor set and

There is a make/break contact that is actuated when capacitor
SVERKER is set to the ON+TIME or OFF+TIME state.
It can be used, for example, to synchronize other The resistor set and capacitor can be used to change
equipment or to change the voltage supplied to the the phase angle of the current and voltage.
relay protection equipment at the start of a test from
non-faulty to faulty or vice versa. Note There is no capacitor on the SVERKER 780.
The phase-angle is set with the knob at the
AC voltage source.

3 Description
3.11 Power supply 3.12 Computer interface

The power supply is equipped with a miniature circuit SVERKER has a serial port for communication with
breaker. computers and the SVERKER Win software.
To be able to use the SVERKER 750/780 with the
software SVERKER Win the SVERKER 750/780 must be
“unlocked” with a software key. You can check if your
SVERKER is “unlocked” by doing the following.
1] Press “MODE”.
2] Press ▼ until you get to the bottom where
the SW-version is displayed. If the text “PC-
750” or “SVERKER WIN” is shown the SVERK-
ER is ”unlocked”.
If the text is not shown you must order the
software key for SVERKER Win, (Art. No: CD-
81000). When ordering you must mention
the serial number of the SVERKER 750/780.

4 Control panels
4 Control panels
4.1 Front panels

SVERKER 750

4 Control panels
SVERKER 780

4 Control panels
4.2 Current source
Indication What is meant

ON+TIME Current source is activated until the object
being tested has operated. The time is
then displayed, whereupon SVERKER re-
turns automatically to the OFF mode.
OFF Current source is turned off.
0. Neutral for current sources. ON Current source is turned on (activated).
1. 0-100 A current output. Regulated with main OFF+TIME Current source is turned off. When the
object being tested has operated, the time
knob 7.
is displayed, whereupon SVERKER returns
2. 0-40 A current output. Regulated with main automatically to the OFF mode.
knob 7.
Button Function
3. 0-10 A current output. Regulated with main
knob 7. ▲ Lights the next higher
indicator lamp (one step
4. Indicator lamp, ammeter test point. When up).
this indicator lamp is lighted, SVERKER is ▲ in setting mode Moves up in the menu or
measuring current at the associated output. (MODE activated) increases the value.
To change the measurement site, press the
▼ Lights the next lower
button marked A (item 19).
indicator lamp (one step
5. 0-250 V, 3 A, AC. AC voltage is variable from 0 down).
to 250 V. Regulated with main knob 7. ▼ in setting mode Moves down in the menu
(MODE activated) or decreases the value
6. 0-300 V, 2 A, DC. DC voltage is variable from
0 to 300 V. Regulated with main knob 7.
7. Main knob. Used to regulate the current
source (outputs 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6).
8. Indicator lamp. When this indicator lamp is
lighted, the current source is activated (out-
puts 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6).
9. F2. Miniature circuit breaker for the current
source. 4 A (230 V), 8 A (115 V).
10. Rx/Cx. Connector for resistor or capacitor.
To obtain a smoother characteristic, connect
one or more resistors in series. To change the
phase angle 90˚ (on SVERKER 750), connect
the capacitor. A jumper must be connected to
this connector when it is not being used.
11. Start switch. Turns the current source on and
off. Use the ↑ and ↓ buttons to select the
desired mode.

4 Control panels
4.3 Timer Select the desired option using the ← button (blue). It is
the left most of the two buttons located under STOP on
the control panel.
In the setting mode (MODE activated): The ← button
provides a move to the left on the display.
Indication Mode
Voltage mode. Detects if voltage is ap-
plied or not.
Contact mode. Detects if circuit is closed
or not.
Select either the voltage mode or the contact mode using
12. START input. This is used to start the timer.
the → button (blue). It is the right most of the two but-
Max 250 V (AC or DC). The time is shown in tons beneath STOP on the control panel.
the display
In the setting mode (MODE activated): The → button
provides a move to the right on the display.
Indication Condition required for timer start
INT a) Internal. Used when ON+TIME or
OFF+TIME is selected.
b) When voltage is applied or when a
contact is closed.
c) When applied voltage vanishes or when
contact is opened.
Select the desired option using the left most of the two
blank-faced buttons located under START on the control
panel.
Indication Mode
Voltage mode. Detects if voltage is ap-
plied or not.
Contact mode. Detects if circuit is closed
or not.
Select either the voltage mode or the contact mode using
the right most of the two blank-faced buttons located
under START on the control panel.
13. Indicator lamp. This lamp indicates the state

of the timer input. When this indicator lamp
is lighted voltage is present at the input (volt-
age mode) or the circuit is closed (contact
mode).
14. STOP input. This is used to stop the timer.
Max 250 V (AC or DC). The time is shown in
the display.
Indication Condition required for timer stop

INT a) Internal. Used when ON+TIME or
OFF+TIME is selected.
b) When voltage is applied or when a
contact is closed.
c) When applied voltage vanishes or when
contact is opened.

4 Control panels
4.4 Trip indicator 4.5 Display

15. TRIP indicator. This indicates that the object 16. Display.
being tested has tripped. The fact that trip-
ping occurred indicates that the conditions
imposed at the timer’s stop input (item 14)
are met. This indication does not occur unless
the object being tested is connected to the
stop input.
17. Button marked MODE. This button changes

the display from the measurement mode
(normal mode) to the setting mode and vice
Steadily glowing indicator lamp: Indicates tripping versa.
when the test is being conducted without timing
(start switch at the ON position). Note In the setting mode (MODE activated): The
ESC (blue text) button leaves the present
Flashing indicator lamp: Indicates tripping when the
menu option unchanged and proceeds to the
test is being conducted with timing (start switch at
next higher menu option.
the ON+TIME or OFF+TIME position). It also indicates
that timing is completed. SVERKER then returns auto-
matically to the OFF state. You can reset the flashing
indicator lamp by pressing the button marked HOLD
(item 21) twice.

4 Control panels
4.6 Ammeter & voltmeter 4.7 AC Voltage source

SVERKER 750
18. Input marked A. This is the external panel

input to the SVERKER ammeter. It is activated
by pressing the button marked A (item 19)
which is located at right beneath the display
window. The indicator lamp adjacent to this 22. 0-120 V AC. Separate, independent output
input is lighted to indicate that the input is for AC voltage. Can be varied from 0 to 120 V
activated. F4 6 A: Miniature circuit breaker using knobs (23) and (24).
for the ammeter. 23. Knob used for fine adjustment of AC voltage
19. Button marked A at right beneath the dis- (22).
play window. This button is used to transfer 24. Knob used for rough adjustment of AC volt-
the ammeter test point to current outputs 1, age (22).
2, 3 or to select the external panel input to
the SVERKER ammeter (item 18). The current 25. 0-60, 60-120 switch. This is used to toggle
value is shown on the display. between the 0-60 V and 60-120 V AC voltage
ranges.
Note In the setting mode (MODE activated): The 26. I/O. ON/OFF switch used for the AC voltage
SEL (blue text) button selects the menu option source.
that is displayed.
20. Input marked V. This is the input to the SVERKER 780
SVERKER voltmeter, and it is always activated.
The voltage value is shown on the display.
21. Button marked HOLD. This button freezes the
prevailing current and voltage values when
the object being tested is tripped or when
generation stops. If tripping does not occur,
the prevailing value is frozen when SVERKER
changes to the OFF state. The hold (freeze)
function is toggled on and off by pressing
this button. 22. 0-230 V AC. Separate, independent output
for AC voltage.
When you turn the hold function off, the flashing trip
indicator 15 is reset. Moreover, SVERKER senses the 23. Knob used for setting the AC amplitude.
state of timer stop input 14 (STOP), thus making it
43. Knob used for adjustment of the phase-angle
possible to respond if a change occurs at this input.
or frequency.
This is valid only while the input is in change sensing
Turning the knob in Phase mode will adjust
state (b + c, see item 14).
the phase angle by 10º or 1º. Press the knob
to swop between coarse and fine steps.
Note In the setting mode (MODE activated): The Turning the knob in Frequency mode will
CHG (blue text) button opens the displayed adjust frequency by 10 Hz, 1 Hz, 0.1 Hz or
menu option so that it can be changed.
0.001 Hz. Press the knob to swop between
the steps. The selected step is shown at the
display.
44. I/O. ON/OFF switch used for the AC voltage
source.
45 LED will blink if error is detected.

4 Control panels
4.8 Auxiliary voltage 4.9 Make/Break contact

source
27. 20-220 V DC. Separate, independent output 31. Relay contact. Changes state in response to
for auxiliary voltage (DC) to the object being ON+TIME and OFF+TIME.
tested. Can be varied from 20 to 220 V DC us-
32. Break (normally-closed) function.
ing knob (28).
33. Make (normally-open) function.
28. Knob used for auxiliary voltage (27).
34. F3 1 A: Miniature circuit breaker for relay
29. 20-130 / 130-220 switch. This is used to tog-
contact (31).
gle between the 20-130 V and 130-220 V DC
auxiliary voltage ranges.
30. I/O. ON/OFF switch used for the auxiliary volt-
age source (27.

4 Control panels
4.10 Resistor set and 4.11 Power supply

capacitor
SVERKER 750
37. Mains voltage ON/OFF.

35. Capacitor, 10 mF, 450 V
38. Connector for mains voltage.
36. Resistor set.
39. F1: Miniature circuit breaker for the power
supply. 4 A (230 V), 8 A (115 V).
SVERKER 780
40. Ground (earth) terminal.
36. Resistor set.

4 Control panels
4.12 Other
41. SERIAL. Serial port for communication with

computes and the SVERKER Win software.
42. Terminals marked with black dots all have the

same polarity (used for AC voltage sources).
Note CHG, ESC and SEL are imprinted on the faces

of the buttons marked HOLD, MODE and A
respectively. These imprints (CHG, ESC and
SEL) apply only when SVERKER is in the set-
ting mode. The panel markings (HOLD, MODE
and A) apply when SVERKER is in its normal
mode, i.e. the measurement mode.

4 Control panels

5 Making settings on the display
5 Making settings on the

display
5.1 Introduction are kept in the special memory. They are determined
by Megger, and you cannot change them.
There are a number of ways to make SVERKER set-
tings. In addition to using the buttons and other How to return to the measurement
controls on the control panel, you can make settings
via a menu shown on the display. To proceed via this
(normal) mode
menu, however, you must first put SVERKER in the You can return from the setting mode to the measure-
setting mode. ment mode at any time by pressing the ESC button.
Note, however, that you may sometimes have to press
this button twice, depending on where you are in the
How to enter the setting mode
menu.
Before you can change from the measurement mode
(normal mode) to the setting mode, SVERKER must be
in the OFF state. To enter the setting mode, you press
the button marked MODE.
Display shown in the setting mode

When SVERKER is in the setting mode, two lines ap-
pear in the window. The menu heading appears on
the first line, and the selected menu option appears
on the second line between < and > characters.
Menu heading
<Menu option>
Memories – Your default settings

and the original SVERKER settings
You can save settings that have been made via a
menu. This can be useful when, for example, you
want to prepare settings in advance to make it easier
to test different types of protective relay equipment.
Saved settings remain in the memory even after the
SVERKER has been turned off. Since ten memories are
available for this purpose, you can save settings for up
to ten different types of protective relay equipment.
Each time SVERKER is turned on, the settings in
memory No. 0 are recalled as defaults. Your default
settings, i.e. the settings you want to recall automati-
cally at turn-on time should thus be saved in memory
No. 0.
To save something in or recall something from a
memory you proceed via the Save/Recall menu op-
tion. See section 5.13.
In addition, there is a special memory that contains
the original SVERKER settings. These can be recalled
whenever you want to use them. The original settings

5.2 Button functions 5.3 Direction indicator

In addition to the menu heading and menu option, a
direction indicator appears on the display. It indicates
the direction(s) in which you can move in the menu or
change a numerical value. The direction indicator can
have one of three shapes: diamond (double up/down
arrow), up arrow or down arrow.
Direction indicator ↓
Injection ⧫
<Maintained>

Direction indicator shapes and

Button Function in setting mode their meanings
(MODE activated)
Indicator shape Meaning
CHG Opens a menu option so that it can be
changed. If a numeric value is to be changed, ⧫ Up and down arrow You can move either up or down
a cursor appears which can be moved by press- (or increase/decrease a value).
ing the ◀ button or ▶ button. ▲ Up arrow You can only move up (or in-
ESC Leaves the menu option unchanged and moves crease a value).
to menu level 1. If you are already on menu ▼ Down arrow You can only move down (or
level 1, pressing ESC causes SVERKER to leave decrease a value).
the setting mode.
SEL Invokes the menu option that has been se- How to change a numerical value
lected.
Some menu options include numerical values (set-
▲ Moves up in menu or increases a numerical tings) that can be changed.
value.
▼ Moves down in menu or decreases a numerical 1] To open a numerical value for change, you
value. press the CHG button, whereupon a cursor
▶ Moves right in display window. appears beneath the right most digit.
◀ Moves left in display window. 2] You can now move the cursor with the ◀ or
▶ button until it is beneath the desired digit.
Then increase or decrease the value using the
▲ or ▼ button.
Example:
If you want to change 99.9 to 95.0 you press the
CHG button to open the numerical value for change.
Injection ▼
Max time:99.9 s
A cursor that indicates which digit can be changed appears
beneath the right most digit.
Injection ▲
Max time:99.0 s
Press the ▼ button nine times to step from 99.9 down to
99.0, and then move it one step to the left by pressing the
◀ button.
Injection ⧫
Max time:95.0 s
Press the ▼ button four times to step from 99.0 down to
95.0. The numerical value is now set as desired, but to
invoke it you must press the SEL button.

5.4 The menu system

Menu level 1 Menu level 2 options Explanation
Test mode Normal Measures time from START to STOP.
Trip + pulse time Measures time from START to STOP and also the duration of the trip pulse.
Reclose: #01 999 s Sets time for reclosing. Max 49 reclosings. The total time for the specified
number of reclosings can range from 001 to 999 s.
Injection Maintained Generation continues without time limit.
Momentary Generation continues while button is kept pressed.
Max time 99.9 s Generation continues throughout a preset interval that can range from
00.1 s to 99.9 s.
External start See section 5.6
Ammeter AC Measures AC, true RMS.
DC Measures DC, mean value.
Unit: Ampere Expressed in amperes.
Unit: % of nom I Expressed as % of nominal current.
Nom I: 001 A Used to set nominal current.
Range: Auto Range selected automatically.
Range: Low Fixed low range.
Range: High Fixed high range.
Voltmeter AC Measures AC, true RMS
DC Measures DC, mean value
Shunt (1 – 999 mΩ) Default shunt value is 100 mΩ. Displayed value is shown in A or kA.
Unit: Volt Expressed in volts.
Unit: % of nom U Expressed as % of nominal voltage.
Nom U: 063 v Used to set nominal voltage.
Range: Auto Range selected automatically.
Range: Low Fixed low range.
Range: Mid Fixed mid range.
Range: High Fixed high range.
Q , φ , W ,VA None No extra measurement function displayed
Z (Ω. φ) Impedance (magnitude + phase angle)
Z (Ω) Impedance (magnitude)
R. X (Ω. Ω) Resistance and reactance (magnitude and magnitude)
P (W) Active power
S (VA) Apparent power.
Q (VAr) Reactive power.
cos φ Power factor.
φ (°, Iref ) Phase difference, current as reference.
φ (°, Uref ) Phase difference, voltage as reference.
Frequency (U) Frequency
Timer Unit: Seconds Time expressed in seconds.
Unit: Cycles Time expressed in mains‑frequency cycles.

Display Slow Average-value filter enabled, thereby stabilizing the display. 10 values are
used to create the average. Phase difference is not filtered.
Fast Average-value filter disabled.
Hold Trip Shows the max value in RMS for 1 period immediately before tripping.
Hold Max Shows the max value in RMS for 1 period within the last 0.5 s held in
memory.
Hold Min Shows the min value in RMS for 1 period within the last 0.5 s held in
memory.
Off delay Cycles 004 Mains‑frequency cycles throughout which generation is to continue after
tripping occurs.
0-Level filter 1-9 To avoid measuring noise that can be encountered during testing. A 0-level
of 1 (min.) allows low-level signals to pass. A 0-level of 9 (max.) filters out
most noise.
Save/Recall Recall mem #: O Recalls all settings that were stored in the specified memory. Range is 0 – 3.
Recall default Recalls all of the original settings made by Megger prior to delivery (they are
stored in a special memory).
Save mem #: 0 Saves the settings in the specified memory. The range is 0‑3.
Remote control ON Settings are controlled from SVERKER Win. This will be set automatically
when Starting SVERKER Win.
OFF SVERKER is controlled from the panel.
Language English English language menus, prompts etc.
Deutsch German language menus, prompts etc.
Francais French language menus, prompts etc.
Espanol Spanish language menus, prompts etc.
Svenska Swedish language menus, prompts etc.
SW: R04E Software version.
“PC-750” or “SVERKER Win” The SVERKER is “unlocked” and ready to be used with SVERKER Win (or
ProView PC750

5.5 Test mode 5.6 Injection

Test mode Injection
<Normal>
<Maintained>
This menu option is used to specify the desired type of Here, you select the type of generation. You have
time measurement. You have three choices: Normal, four choices: Maintained, Momentary, Max time and
Trip + pulse time and Reclose. External Start.
Menu option Explanation Menu option Explanation

Normal Measures time from START to STOP. Maintained Generation continues without any time
Trip + pulse time Measures time from START to STOP limit.
and also the duration of the trip Momentary Generation continues while start
pulse. switch is kept activated.
Reclose: #01 999 s Sets time for reclosings. Max 49 Max time: 99.9 s Generation continues throughout a
reclosings. The total time for the preset interval that can be set from
specified number of reclosings can 00.1 to 99.9 s.
range from 1 to 999 s. Note: To change a numerical value,
press the CHG button one additional
1] You press the CHG button to access the dif- time and then use the arrow buttons.
ferent memory options, and then scroll up or
External Start Select dry or wet contact and closing
down using the ▲ or ▼ button.
or opening contact for the external
2] Press the SEL button to invoke the selected signal. This feature enables you to start
two or more SVERKERs simultane-
option.
ously. The SVERKERs “slaves" can be
connected to the make/break contact
on the SVERKER “master” and then
be set for external start. The slaves will
start at the same time as the master
(±1 ms).
1] Press the SEL button to invoke the selected
option.

5.7 Ammeter 5.8 Voltmeter

Ammeter Voltmeter
<AC Amp Auto> <AC Volt Auto>
This option is used to make settings for the SVERKER This option is used to make settings for the SVERKER
ammeter. voltmeter.
The ammeter can be set to measure AC or DC. AC The voltmeter can be set to measure AC or DC. AC
readings are expressed as true RMS values while DC readings are expressed as true RMS values while DC
readings are mean values. readings are mean values.
Readings can be expressed in amperes or percentages Readings can be expressed in volts or percentages of
of the nominal current (which can be set from 1 to nominal voltage (which can be set from 1 to 999 V).
999 A). These choices are called units in the menu. These choices are called units on the menu.
Note To change a numerical value, you press the Note To change a numerical value, you press the
CHG button one additional time and then use CHG button one additional time and then use
the arrow buttons. the arrow buttons.
The range can be set to Auto or to Fixed low or Fixed The range can be set to Auto or to Fixed low, Fixed
high. The fixed ranges are useful for short measure- mid or Fixed high. The fixed ranges are useful for
ment cycles during which the ammeter doesn’t have short measurement cycles during which the voltmeter
time to change range automatically. If this occurs, O.F. doesn’t have time to change range automatically. If
(range overflow) is displayed constantly. this occurs, O.F. (range overflow) is displayed con-
stantly.
For more information about the different ranges see
chapter 9, headed Specifications. For more information about the different ranges see
Chapter 9, Specifications.
Menu option Alternative Explanation
AC Alt. 1 Ammeter measures Menu option Alternative Explanation
AC as true RMS. AC Alt. 1. Voltmeter measures
DC Alt. 2 Ammeter measures AC as true RMS
DC as mean value. DC Alt. 2. Voltmeter measures
Unit: Ampere Alt. 1. Current is shown in DC as mean value
amperes. Shunt 1 – 999 mΩ Value is shown as A
Unit: % of nom I Alt. 2. Current is shown as or kA
% of the nominal Unit: Volt Alt. 1. Voltage is shown in
current which can volts
range from 1 to 999 Unit: % of nom Alt. 2. Voltage is shown as a
A. U % of the nominal volt-
Nom I: — Nominal current age which can range
001 A setting from 1 to 999 V.
Range: Auto Alt. 1. Range selected auto- Nom U: — Used to set the nomi-
matically 063 V nal voltage.
Range: Low Alt. 2. Fixed low range Range: Auto Alt. 1. Range selected auto-
Range: High Alt. 3. Fixed high rang matically
Range: Low Alt. 2. Fixed low range
1] Press the SEL button to invoke the selected Range: Mid Alt. 3. Fixed mid range
option.
Range: High Alt. 4 Fixed high range

option.

5.9 Ω , φ , W , VA... (Extra Menu options for Explanation

measurement) A DC / V DC
(DC measurement)
No choice No extra measurement function
Ω, φ, W, VA. . . displayed
<None> R (Ω) Resistance displayed
P (W) Power displayed
Here, you can select extra measurement functions (in
addition to the voltage and current functions)
For all extra measurement functions, SVERKER must
Menu options for Explanation
be set for AC measurement, i.e. for AC Amp and
A DC / V AC or A
AC Volt. However, this does not apply to the meas- AC / V DC (mixed
urement of resistance or active power. For these, DC measurement)
measurement can also be used.
No choice No extra measurement function
Either voltage or current can be used as a reference displayed
for calculating the phase difference (phase angle) 1] Press the SEL button to invoke the selected
between current and voltage. option.
Then, when SVERKER is used in the generation mode
(normal mode), the selected extra measurement func-
tion is displayed at the top of the window, beside the
time
Only one option can be selected at a time.
Menu option for Explanation

A AC / V AC
(AC measurement)
None No extra measurement function
displayed
Z (Ω, º) Impedance and phase angle
displayed
Z (Ω) Impedance displayed without
phase angle
R, X (Ω, Ω) Resistance and reactance dis-
played
P (W) Active power displayed
P (VA) Apparent power displayed
Q (VAr) Reactive power displayed
cos φ Power factor displayed
φ (º, Iref) Phase difference displayed with
current as reference
φ (º, Uref) Phase difference displayed with
voltage as reference
Frequency (U) Frequency displayed

5.10 Timer 5.11 Display

Timer Display
<Unit: Seconds > <Slow>
Here you select the unit in which the time displayed in If the values shown on the display become unstable
the window by the timer is expressed. Time measure- as measurement proceeds, you can filter them. Filter-
ments can be expressed in seconds (s) or in mains- ing is accomplished by averaging, and it affects all
frequency cycles. displayed values except time values.
You can measure using very short time settings, down
Menu option Alternative Explanation to a minimum of 1/2 period (10 ms at 50 Hz).
Unit: Seconds Alt 1. Time expressed in
seconds Extra measurement functions such as R and X can
Unit: Cycles Alt 2. Time expressed in now be calculated after finishing a test (after a HOLD
mains-frequency trip).
cycle
Menu option Explanation
Slow Average-value filter enabled,
option.
thereby stabilizing the display.
10 values are used to create the
average. Phase difference is not
filtered.
Fast Average-value filter disabled.
Hold Trip Shows the max value in RMS
for 1 period immediately before
tripping.
Hold Max Shows the max value in RMS
for 1 period within the last 0.5 s
held in memory.
Hold Min Shows the min value in RMS for
1 period within the last 0.5 s
held in memory.

option.

5.12 Off delay 5.13 0-Level filter

Off delay -Level filter
0
<004 Cycles> <1=Min, 9=Max>
This is used to set the time, expressed in mains-fre- To avoid measuring noise that can be encountered
quency cycles throughout which generation is to con- during testing, SVERKER features a well-defined lower
tinue after tripping occurs. The range is 0-999 cycles. limit called the 0-level.
The original Megger setting is 4 cycles. If no delay is
When testing ground fault protection (for example)
desired, set the number of cycles to 0.
using low currents, this difficulty could arise in cases
where test values were below the 0-level.
Note To change a numerical value, press the CHG
button one additional time, and then use the The 0-level can be set between 1 and 9. A 0-level of
arrow buttons. 1 (min.) allows low-level signals to pass. A 0-level of 9
(max.) filters out most noise. A 0-level of 5 is the same
Range: 000-999. as the level provided in the previous version.
option.

5.14 Save/Recall 5.15 Remote control

Save/Recall Remote control
<Settings> <OFF>
The settings made under the headings/options dis- Together with the PC software SVERKER Win you can
cussed above can be saved in a memory where they control the settings (except the dials) from the com-
will remain even after SVERKER has been turned off. puter.
Then when you want to conduct a similar test again,
When SVERKER Win is started, the text “Remote Con-
they can be recalled from the memory in question.
trol” will appear on the display.
There are four such memories.
Each time SVERKER is turned on, the contents of
memory No. 0 are recalled as defaults. You can, how-
ever, recall and use the contents of any other memory
by specifying its number in this menu.
In addition, there is a special memory that contains
the original SVERKER settings, and thy can be recalled
whenever you want to use them.

Recall mem #: Recall settings from the specified
SVERKER memory (range is 0-3)
Recall default: Recall the original Programma settings
from the special memory
Save mem #: Save the settings in the specified
SVERKER memory (range is 0-3

option.

5.16 Language 5.17 SW

Language SW:
R04D
<English>
Here, you select one of five languages in which the This enables you to display the software version and
menus, prompts etc. will appear. hardware version. The user cannot change this infor-
mation.
English English-language menus, prompts etc. Menu heading Explanation
Deutsch German-language menus, prompts etc. SW Software version you are using.
Français French-language menus, prompts etc.
Note If you have ”unlocked” the SVERKER using
Español Spanish-language menus, prompts etc.
the “software key” for SVERKER Win, this is
Svenska Swedish-language menus, prompts etc shown with the text “PC-750” or “SVERK-
1] Press the SEL button to invoke the selected ER Win” in the “Software version” window in
option. the menu tree.


6 How to operate SVERKER
6 How to operate
SVERKER
6.1 General 6.2 Injecting current –
This chapter presents the steps you should take to General rules
perform typical SVERKER testing operations efficiently.
Sometimes several alternative ways of carrying out a When you inject current through protective relay
step are presented. This chapter will help you formu- equipment for testing purposes, you must observe
late testing procedures for different types of protective several rules of thumb:
relay equipment. • Provide as much impedance as possible in series
with the load.
This will counteract changes in current and mini-
mize waveform distortion for relays whose imped-
ances change when they have operated, and also
for relays that become saturated.
Moreover, the current become more easy to adjust,
since this will increase the turn of the knob.
• When you are measuring operating times, the value
of the applied current or voltage used for testing
must exceed the tripping limit by an ample margin
(rule of thumb: 1.2-1.5 times the pick-up limit).
• High current should be injected through the protec-
tive relay equipment for as short a time as possible
to prevent overheating.
It may be advisable to use manually-controlled
(momentary) generation or time-limited generation
when injecting high current.
Output alarm
If more than 1 V/ 0.5 A flows (in the 10 A range)
when SVERKER is in the OFF state there will be a mes-
sage on the display "CAUTION OUTPUT".
CAUTION OUTPUT

6.3 Selecting the correct 6.4 Measuring current

current output The ammeter in SVERKER has four inputs. Three of
Select the output at which the setting knob must be them are internal inputs fixed to the individual current
turned the furthest to obtain the desired current. This outputs, and one is an external input located on the
will improve setting accuracy and enable SVERKER to control panel. Active input (i.e. ammeter test point) is
deliver maximum power. indicated by an indicator lamp.
When the object being tested has high impedance or

may reach saturation, it is especially important to use
the output having the highest possible voltage. This
will drive the desired current through the object being
tested efficiently and minimize distortion of the cur-
rent waveform.
Use the button marked A to transfer the ammeter test

point to the selected input.
The internal inputs are used to measure the current

generated by SVERKER. The external input is used to
measure current in an external circuit. If so desired,
however, it can be used for measurement of current
from SVERKER. This is useful since ammeter accuracy
is highest when measurement proceeds via the exter-
nal input. The external input can be used for currents
of up to 6 A.
The HOLD (freeze) function makes it possible to
measure currents of very short duration. Activate it
by pressing the button marked HOLD. Seethe section
headed ”Ammeter and voltmeter” in Chapter 3.

6.5 Setting the desired Sometimes it is advantageous to use the 0-100 A

output when you want low currents since it has the
current lowest output voltage. This low voltage will drive a
lower current than any of the other SVERKER outputs
1] Connect the object being tested to a suitable through a high-ohm load or series resistor.
output on SVERKER.
2] Use the button marked A to transfer the am-
meter test point to the selected current out-
put or to the external ammeter panel input.
3] Activate ON using the start switch. Always use the ammeter input for external measure-
ment when measuring low currents since it provides
the best accuracy.
4] Adjust the current using the main knob.

The current can be read from the SVERKER
display.
High currents
High currents may overheat both the object being
tested and SVERKER. You can prevent overheating
by generating currents of very short duration. Short-
duration currents can be read very easily using the
ammeter’s HOLD (freeze) function.
The best way to generate short-duration currents is to
use manually-controlled (momentary) or time-limited
generation. See explanation of settings in Chapter 5.
1] Connect the object being tested to a suitable
output.
meter test point to the selected output.
3] Activate the HOLD (freeze) function.
4] Activate ON briefly using the start switch.
5] Read the current.
6] Repeat, starting with step 4, until the correct
current is set.
Low currents and good setting

resolution
You can obtain low currents and good setting resolu-
tion by connecting one or more of the resistors in the
SVERKER set of resistors in series in the current circuit.
You can also use these resistors to create a voltage
divider, thereby reducing the output current.
Limiting resistors can also be connected into the pri-
mary side (terminal Rx/Cx) of the output transformer.
More-over, if you want to limit the current without
generating heat, you can connect the SVERKER ca-
pacitor (only SVERKER 750), al-though this will change
the phase angle of the current.

7] The tripping limit will be frozen and held on

6.6 Finding pick-up and the display.
drop-out limits for over 8] Press the HOLD button twice in order to reset
current/voltage/other the HOLD function.
9] Turn down the current until the relay drops
entity relays out. You can now read the frozen drop-out
value from the display window.
Method 1a: Normal injection,
10] Interrupt output by setting the start switch
gradual increase in current. to OFF.
Current is generated continuously. This procedure
is suitable in situations where there is little risk of Method 2: Manually-controlled
overheating the protective relay equipment and you
wish to measure the drop-out function without using (momentary) injection
a second test procedure. Here, the current is interrupted when you release the
start switch (from the ON or ON+TIME position). This
1] Initial settings: OFF. Main knob at 0. procedure enables you to prevent overheating of the
2] Connect the relay’s current input and trip- protective relay equipment when, for example, you
ping output to SVERKER. are trying to find the pick-up value for an instantane-
ous unit.
meter test point to the selected output. 1] Initial settings: OFF. MOMENTARY (see expla-
nation of settings in Chapter 5). HOLD. Main
4] Set the timer stop condition (to CLOSURE +
knob at 0.
OPENING, CONTACT for example).
5] Activate ON using the start switch. 2] Connect the relay current input and tripping
output to SVERKER.
6] Turn up the current until the relay operates
(pick-up).
meter test point to the current output that is
7] Read the current. being used.
8] Turn down the current. Read the current that 4] Set the timer start condition to INT.
flows when drop-out takes place.
9] Interrupt output by setting the start switch OPENING, CONTACT for example).
to OFF.
6] Change the main knob setting.
Method 1b: Normal injection, pick- 7] Activate ON briefly. The duration of the
output must be longer than the operating
up and drop-out values obtained time of the instantaneous unit. If you want
using the HOLD (freeze) function to check the time, you can activate ON+TIME
Increase the current gradually until the relay operates, instead of ON.
whereupon the current reading is frozen. You can 8] Check to see that the instantaneous unit has
then start reducing the current immediately, and the tripped. This can be done by a) checking the
current reading will be frozen when drop-out occurs. indicator lamp on the relay or b) checking to
1] Initial settings: OFF. HOLD. Main knob at 0. see that the TRIP indicator lamp in SVERKER
is on and that the measured operating time
2] Connect the relay’s current input and trip- matches the operating time of the protec-
ping output to SVERKER. tive relay equipment. Repeat, starting with
3] Use the button marked A to transfer the am- step 6, until you find the lowest current that
provides operation.
meter test point to the current output that is
being used. 9] Read the current.
4] Set the timer stop condition (to CLOSURE + 10] To measure the drop-out value, activate ON
OPENING, CONTACT for example). again using the start switch until tripping oc-
curs. Then, while keeping ON active, reduce
5] Activate ON using the start switch. the current by turning the main knob until
6] Turn up the current until pick-up. resetting takes place. Release the start switch

and make a note of the current.

6.7 Finding pick-up and
Method 3: Time-limited injection drop-out limits for under
Time-limited injection Time-limited generation, as its
name implies, interrupts output after a preset time.
current/voltage/other
This is useful when you want to prevent overheating entity relays
in the protective relay equipment.
1] Initial settings: OFF, HOLD, Main knob at 0.
1] Initial settings: OFF. MAX TIME (see explana-
2] Connect the relay input and tripping output
tion of settings in Chapter 5.) HOLD. Main
to SVERKER.
knob at 0. The maximum time must be set
longer than the operating time of the instan- 3] Use the button marked A to transfer the am-
taneous unit. meter test point to the current output that is
being used.
2] Connect the relay current input and tripping
output to SVERKER. 3. Set the ammeter to 4] Set the timer stop condition (to CLOSURE +
measure current at the current output that is OPENING, CONTACT for example).
being used. 5] Activate ON using the start switch.
3] Set the timer start condition to INT. 6] Increase the entity (current or voltage) being
4] Set the timer stop condition (to CLOSURE + tested until it exceeds by an ample margin
OPENING, CONTACT for example). the value of the relay setting.
5] Change the main knob setting. 7] Turn the main knob anti-clockwise until the
relay trips. Read the pick-up value.
6] Activate ON using the start switch. If you
want to check the time, you can activate 8] Turn the main knob clockwise until the relay
ON+TIME instead of ON. drops out. Read the drop-out value.
7] Check to see that the instantaneous unit has 9] Interrupt output by setting the start switch
operated. This can be done by a) checking to OFF.
the indicator lamp on the relay or b) check-
ing to see that the TRIP indicator lamp on
SVERKER is on.
8] Read the current.
9] Search for the lowest current where the relay
operates, by repeating from point 6 above
and onwards.

7] Activate ON+TIME using the start switch and

6.8 Measuring operating keep it activated until tripping occurs.
times for over current/ 8] Read and note the time and current.
voltage/other entity relays
Method 3: Time-limited injection
Method 1: Normal injection Time-limited generation, as its name implies, inter-
Generation continues until the protective relay equip- rupts output after a preset time. This is useful when
ment operates. you want to prevent overheating in the protective
relay equipment.
1] Initial setting: OFF, HOLD, Main knob at 0.
1] Initial settings: OFF. MAX TIME (see explana-
2] Connect the relay current input and tripping tion of settings in Chapter 5.) HOLD. Main
output to SVERKER. knob at 0. The maximum time must be set
3] Use the button marked A to transfer the am- longer than the operating time of the instan-
meter test point to the selected output. taneous unit.
4] Set the timer start condition to INT. 2] Connect the relay current input and tripping
output to SVERKER.
OPENING, CONTACT for example). 3] Set the ammeter to measure current at the
current output that is being used.
6] Activate ON using the start switch. Set the
desired current for measuring the operating 4] Set the timer start condition to INT.
time. This current must be set well above the 5] Set the timer stop condition (to CLOSURE +
operating limit. OPENING, CONTACT for example).
7] Interrupt output by setting the start switch 6] Change the main knob setting.
to OFF.
7] Activate ON+TIME using the start switch.
8] Activate ON+TIME using the start switch.
8] Check to see that the instantaneous unit has
9] Read and note the time and current. operated. This can be done by a) checking
the indicator lamp on the relay or b) check-
Method 2: Manually-controlled ing to see that the TRIP indicator lamp on
(momentary) injection SVERKER is on.
This is useful when you want to eliminate overheating 9] Read and note the time and current.
in the relay. Generation continues only as long as the
10] Search for the lowest current where the relay
start switch is kept at the ON position.
operates, by repeating from point 6 above
1] Initial settings: OFF. MOMENTARY (see expla- and onwards.
nation of settings in Chapter 5). HOLD. Main
knob at 0.
2] Connect the relay’s current input and trip-
ping output to SVERKER.
meter test point to the output that is being
used.
4] Set the timer start condition to INT.
6] Set the desired current (it must exceed the
pick-up value by an ample margin) by chang-
ing the setting of the main knob. Activate
ON briefly using the start switch and read
the current from the ammeter. Repeat until
the desired current has been set.

6.9 Measuring operating 6.10 Measuring voltage

times for under (current/
voltage/other entity) relays
1] Initial setting: OFF.
1] Set the voltmeter to measure AC or DC (see
2] Connect the relay current input and tripping Chapter 6).
output to SVERKER.
2] Connect the voltmeter input to the voltage
3] Set the timer start condition to INT. that is to be measured. Do not exceed the
4] Set the timer stop condition (to CLOSURE + voltmeter specifications.
5] Activate ON using the start switch. Set the Note To measure a voltage in the HOLD state, you
must simultaneously measure a current (by
entity (current or voltage) being tested so
short-circuiting the current output with a wire
that it exceeds by an ample margin the value
for example).
that has been preset for the relay.
6] Activate OFF+TIME using the start switch
7] Read and note the time and current.

6.11 Obtaining the correct 6.12 Generating higher

phase angle when two or voltages
more AC outputs are being Since the AC voltages sent out from SVERKER are
separated from each other and from the mains, series
used connections can be made.
Three separate AC voltages can be obtained from
SVERKER:
Important
• 0-250 V AC output from the current source. Make certain that no insulation voltage
• 0-120 V AC SVERKER 750 voltage source. limits are exceeded.
Do not exceed the insulation voltage of
• 0-250 V AC SVERKER 780 voltage source the connected voltmeter.
• 0-100 A, 0-40 A and 0-10 A current outputs (from Always comply with the applicable safety
different taps on the same winding). regulations.
If these are connected to a common point, it’s impor-

tant to know the polarity. The right-hand terminal in
each of the outputs is thus provided with a black dot,
thereby indicating that these output socket terminals
have the same polarity.

6.13 Setting an auxiliary 6.14 Testing voltage relays

voltage – both pre-fault and fault
1] Connect the SVERKER voltmeter input to the voltages
output of the auxiliary voltage source. Auxil-
iary voltage source
Only for SVERKER 750
2] Set the voltmeter to measure DC (see expla-
nation of settings in Chapter 5).
Warning
3] Select the range to be used for the auxiliary This connection will damage a
voltage (20-130 V or 130-220 V).
SVERKER 780.
4] Turn on the auxiliary voltage source and set
the desired value.
5] Turn off the auxiliary voltage source.
6] Connect the auxiliary voltage to the relay.
7] Turn on the auxiliary voltage source. Check
the voltage on the SVERKER voltmeter.
Sometimes it is necessary to change between two

voltage levels and measure the time that elapses until
operation. This can be done using the SVERKER make/
break contact.
1] Connect the voltmeter input to the 0-250 V
output. Activate ON using the start switch.
Set the voltage that corresponds to the pre-
fault voltage.
2] Set the start switch to OFF.
3] Connect the voltmeter input to the 0-120 V
AC voltage source. Turn on the AC voltage
source and set the voltage that corresponds
to the fault voltage.
4] Turn off the AC voltage source.
5] Connect together the terminals marked with
black dots on the 0-250 V output and on the
AC voltage source. From this junction, make
a connection to one side of the relay’s volt-

age input.
6.15 Changing the current
6] Connect the left-hand socket terminal on the
250 V output to the upper left-hand socket and voltage phase
terminal on the make/break contact (the one
that performs a break function).
difference
7] Connect the left-hand output socket terminal SVERKER 750
on the AC voltage source to the upper right-
Using the built-in capacitor and set of resistors, you
hand socket terminal on the make/break con-
can change the phase difference between current and
tact (the one that performs a make function).
voltage. You can connect the phase-changing compo-
8] Connect the lower left-hand socket terminal nents at either the current output or voltage output.
on the make/break contact to the other side
of the relay voltage input.
Tip
9] Make certain that the relay tripping output is It is easiest to change the phase angle of
properly connected to SVERKER. the entity (current or voltage) having the
10] Activate ON using the start switch, where- lowest power.
upon the pre-fault voltage will be applied to The capacitor can be connected in series
the relay. with the current output if the current is
not excessively high. This provides almost
11] Turn on the AC voltage source. a 90° phase displacement of the current.
12] Activate OFF+TIME using the start switch, The phase angle is determined by the
whereupon fault voltage will be applied to phase-changing components and the
the relay and timing will start. load. Since changing the phase angle also
causes the current/voltage to change, you
13] Read the time at which the relay operated.
must first adjust the phase angle and then
set the current/voltage.
If possible, use the ammeter’s external
panel input to measure the phase angle
since this will provide better accuracy and
lower currents.
SVERKER 780
1] Connect the AC voltage output (22) to the
voltmeter.
Note: Connect the output marked with the
"black dot" to the black input on the voltmeter.
2] Select ϕ (°, Iref) or ϕ (°, Uref), see section 5.9
Extra measurement.
3] Press the button (44) to enable the output
4] Set the amplitude of the AC voltage with
the knob (23).
5] Generate a low current to make it possible to
measure the phase angle.
6] Set the phase-angle by using the knob (43).

6.16 Measuring the phase Definition of polarities

A] Current generated by SVERKER (ammeter con-
angle nected internally).
The phase angle between the current being measured
by the SVERKER ammeter and the voltage across the
SVERKER voltmeter input can be displayed (see Expla-
nation of settings in Chapter 5).
Phase angle Current and voltage can be measured
regardless of whether or not they are generated by
SVERKER. If the current is less than 6 A, it should be
measured at the ammeter’s external input, since it
provides better accuracy.
B] Current generated by external source (ammeter
The phase of the current or he voltage can be selected
panel input used).
as reference, see chapter 5 Settings.
Example
Phase shift at an inductive load (current lags voltage).
Current selected as reference.
A] Current generated by SVERKER (ammeter
connected internally)
B] Current generated by external source (amme-

ter panel input used).

6.17 Measuring external 6.18 Measuring Z, P, R, X,

cycle time (measurement VA, VAR and COS φ
not initiated by SVERKER) SVERKER can be used to measure these entities, even
in external circuits. Here the currents phase is used
The timer’s start and stop inputs are independent of as reference. For information about phase defini-
each other. Activation takes place when the preset tions, see section 6.15, entitled ”Measuring the phase
condition is met (pulse-edge triggering). These inputs angle”.
are not polarity-dependent when voltage is being
measured. 1] Connect the SVERKER ammeter and voltme-
ter to the current and voltage circuit respec-
1] Initial settings: OFF. Main knob at 0. tively.
2] Connect the SVERKER start input (START) to 2] Check the AC/DC setting. See explanation of
the circuit that is to start measurement. settings in Chapter 5.
3] Connect the SVERKER stop input (STOP) to 3] Set the entity that is to be measured (see
the circuit that is to stop measurement. explanation of settings in Chapter 5).
4] Set the start condition (to CLOSURE, VOLT-
AGE for example). Note The HOLD (freeze) function can also be used
for these measurements.
5] Set the stop condition (to CLOSURE, CON-
TACT for example).
6] The input state indicator lamp at each input
shows whether or not the desired condition
is present there before the cycle starts.
7] Activate ON+TIME using the start switch. 8.
The timer is now ready to start.

6.19 Plotting a 6.20 Testing an automatic

magnetization curve recloser
Since SVERKER has an ammeter, voltmeter and SVERKER can be used to measure partial times in a
voltage output, it can be used to plot points on a reclosing cycle. The relay times and the de-energized
current transformer magnetization curve. intervals are stored so that you after the measurement
can scroll through them on the display whenever
desired. The SVERKER make/break contact can be
used to stimulate the state of the breaker for the
automatic recloser.
Important
Be sure to comply with the applicable
safety regulations, and never exceed any
insulation voltage limits.
1] Initial setting: OFF. Main knob at 0.
2] The primary side of the current transformer
must be open, and the secondary side must 1] Initial setting: OFF. Main knob at 0. Set
not be connected to any other circuit. SVERKER to measure reclosing (see explana-
tion of settings in Chapter 5). You can also
3] Connect the SVERKER voltage output to the
set a time limit so that the test will be inter-
secondary side of the current transformer.
rupted when the time limit expires.
One side of this voltage output must be con-
nected via the SVERKER ammeter input. If a 2] Connect the reclosing signal to the SVERKER
voltage higher than 250 V is needed, proceed timer start input (START). The relay tripping
as instructed in section 6.11, entitled ”Gener- signal must be connected to the timer stop
ating higher voltages”. input (STOP). Connect the relay current input
to a suitable current output on SVERKER. If
4] Connect the SVERKER voltmeter input to the
the automatic recloser requires a breaker-
SVERKER voltage output.
state indication signal, you can create such
5] Use the button marked A to transfer the am- a signal by connecting the SVERKER make/
meter test point to the panel input used for break contact (perhaps in series with the
measurement in external circuits. voltage source) to the automatic recloser.
6] Activate ON using the start switch. 3] Use the button marked A to transfer the am-
7] Turn the knob clockwise and read the current meter test point to the output that is being
and voltage for different points on the curve. used.
8] When the knee of the curve is reached, 4] Set start and stop conditions
slowly lower the voltage and set the start 5] Activate ON using the start switch.
switch to OFF.
6] Turn up the desired test current.

7] Set the start switch OFF.

6.21 Measuring the trip
8] Start the reclosing cycle by activating
ON+TIME using the start switch. pulse length
9] Check that the switch is in position OFF after 1] Initial settings: OFF. TRIP+PULSE TIME, HOLD.
the cycle has been completed. Main knob at 0.
10] You can now scroll through the relay times 2] Connect the relay current input and tripping
and the de-energized intervals on the display output to SVERKER.
using the ▲ and ▼ buttons. Please note: Cur- 3] Use the button marked A to transfer the am-
rent value is not shown. meter test point to the input used for meas-
T#02: 489ms I urement in external circuits.
T#03: 75ms 0 4] Set the start condition to INT.
11] After you press the button marked MODE, 5] Set the stop condition (to CLOSING + OPEN-
you can start a new test. ING, CONTACT for example).
6] Activate ON using the start switch. Set the
entity (current or voltage) being tested so
that it exceeds by an ample margin the value
that has been preset for the relay.
7] Set the start switch OFF.
8] Start the test cycle by activating ON+TIME
using the start switch.
9] After the test cycle the display window shows
the result.
T#00: 689ms I
T#01: 53ms 0
T#00 = Time from START to STOP.

T#01 = Time of trip pulse.
10] Total = The total time, T#00 + T#01. Press the
▼ button once to get here. Read and note
the times at which the relay operated. Please
note: Current value is not shown.
11] After you press the button marked MODE,
you can start a new test.

6.22 Injecting current –

External start
You can start generation by sending an external signal
to SVERKER. This feature enables you to start two or
more SVERKERs simultaneously. The ”slave” SVERKERs
can be connected to the make/break contact on the
”master” and then set for external start, whereupon
they will start simultaneously with the master (±1 ms).
1] Connect the external signal to the START
input (12).
2] Select dry or wet contact and closing or
opening contact, for the external signal.
Tip
If 120º phase shift is desired between the
SVERKERs, you can connect them to the
different phases of a 3-phase outlet.


7 Application examples
6] If the display window is to freeze the voltage

7.1 Testing voltage relays reading at the instant of operation, check to
The following functions are to be tested: see that the HOLD function is active (it can
• Pick-up function: U > ON be activated by means of the HOLD button).
• Drop-out function: U > OFF

Pick-up and drop-out functions: U
• Operating time: U > ON + TIME DELAY > ON and U > OFF
1] Turn on the SVERKER voltage source by acti-
vating ON with the start switch (press the ▼
key once), whereupon the ON indicator lamp
will light.
2] Increase the voltage carefully until the pro-
tective relay equipment operates (U > ON),
whereupon the SVERKER TRIP indicator will
start to glow steadily.
3] Read the U > ON value from the SVERKER
display window.
4] If the freeze function has been activated,
press the HOLD button twice to unfreeze the
value shown.
5] Decrease the voltage until the relay is reset
(U > OFF (drop-out)), whereupon the TRIP
indicator will be extinguished.
6] Read the U > OFF (drop-out) value from the
SVERKER display window.
7] Decrease the voltage to 0.
8] Turn off the SVERKER current source by set-
ting the start switch to the OFF position.
Test hook-up and initial settings Operating function: U > ON + TIME

Connect for testing as shown in the above diagram.
DELAY
1] Connect the SVERKER AC voltage to the pro- 1] Turn on the SVERKER voltage source by acti-
tective relay equipment. vating ON with the start switch whereupon
2] Also connect the SVERKER AC voltage to the the ON indicator lamp will light.
voltmeter input. 2] Increase the voltage to 1.5 x U > ON.
3] Connect the timer stop input (STOP) to the 3] Turn off the SVERKER voltage source by set-
relay trip output. ting the start switch to the OFF position.
4] Turn on power to SVERKER using the mains 4] Activate ON + TIME by means of the start
switch. switch, whereupon the timer will start and
5] Activate the desired stop condition for the the voltage source will start to generate volt-
timer by setting the stop input for a make age.
and/or break function and for a live or dead 5] When the protective relay equipment oper-
contact.

ates, the timer will stop automatically and

the voltage source will be turned off auto-
7.2 Testing over-current
matically, whereupon the TRIP indicator will relays
start to flash.
The following functions are to be tested:
6] Read the U > ON + TIME DELAY value from
• Pick-up functions: I > ON and I >> ON
the SVERKER display window.
• Drop-out functions: I >OFF and I >> OFF
7] Repeat the U > ON + TIME DELAY run two or
three times to confirm its accuracy through • Operating times: I > ON + TIME DELAY and I >> ON
repetition. + TIME DELAY
8] Decrease the voltage to 0.
Finishing the test

1] Enter the values read from the display into
the test report.
2] Turn off power to SVERKER using the mains
switch.
3] Disconnect the equipment.
Test hook-up and initial settings

1] Connect the SVERKER current output to the
protective relay equipment.
2] Connect the timer stop input (STOP) to the
relay trip output.
3] If the test current is not too high, you can
connect one or more resistors into the cur-
rent circuit in series.
Moreover, resistors can be connected into the
SVERKER Rx/Cx terminal.
4] Turn on power to SVERKER using the mains
switch.
5] Move the ammeter test point to the desired
current output. When measuring low cur-
rents, less than 6 A, use the separate am-
meter input for better accuracy. This can be
done step by step with the A button located

to the right of the display window. When a switch, whereupon the timer will start and
test point is selected, its indicator lamp lights. the current source will start to generate cur-
rent.
6] Activate the desired stop condition for the
timer by setting the stop input for a make 5] When the protective relay equipment oper-
and/or break function and for a wet or dry ates, the timer will stop automatically and
contact. the current source will be turned off auto-
matically, whereupon the TRIP indicator will
7] If the display window is to freeze the current
start to flash.
reading at the instant of operation, check to
see that the HOLD function is active (it can 6] Read the I > ON + TIME DELAY value from
be activated by means of the HOLD button). the SVERKER display window.
7] For the remaining phases, repeat the steps
Pick-up and drop-out functions: I > 1-6 as set forth above.
ON and I > OFF
1] Turn on the SVERKER current source by acti- Pick-up and drop-out functions for
vating ON with the start switch (press the ▼ the high-current stage: I >> ON
will light.
and I >> OFF
1] Move the connections to the desired current
2] Increase the current carefully by turning the output.
main knob until the protective relay equip-
ment operates (I > ON), whereupon the 2] Select the desired test point for the amme-
SVERKER TRIP indicator will start to glow ter. This can be done step by step with the
steadily. A button located to the right of the display
window.
3] Read the I > ON value from the SVERKER
display window. 3] If the protective relay equipment has a sepa-
rate trip output for I >>, connect it to the
4] If the freeze function has been activated, timer stop input (STOP) after having discon-
press the HOLD button twice to unfreeze the nected the trip output of I >.
value shown.
4] Turn on the SVERKER current source using
5] Decrease the current until drop-out occurs the start switch, whereupon the ON indicator
(I > OFF), whereupon the TRIP indicator will lamp will light.
be extinguished.
5] Increase the current rapidly until the equip-
6] Read the I > OFF value from the SVERKER ment operates (I >> ON), whereupon the
display window. SVERKER TRIP indicator will start to glow
7] Decrease the voltage to 0. steadily.
8] Turn off the SVERKER current source by set- 6] Read the I >> ON value from the display
ting the start switch to the OFF position. window.
Operating function: I > ON + TIME press the HOLD button twice to unfreeze the
DELAY value shown.
1] Turn on the SVERKER current source by 8] Decrease the current until drop-out occurs
setting the start switch to the ON position, (I>> OFF), whereupon the TRIP indicator will
whereupon the ON indicator lamp will light. be extinguished.
2] Increase the current to 1.5 x I > ON. (For an 9] Read the I >> OFF value from the display
inverse time relay, you should conduct three window.
tests at 1.5, 2 and 3 x I > ON, thus providing
additional test points on the inverse time Operating time: I >> ON + TIME
curve.)
DELAY
3] Turn off the SVERKER current source by set- 1] Turn on the SVERKER current source by
ting the start switch to the OFF position. setting the start switch to the ON position,
4] Activate ON + TIME by means of the start whereupon the ON indicator lamp will light.

2] Increase the current to 1.1-1.2 x I >> ON.

7.3 Testing directional
3] Turn off the SVERKER current source by set-
ting the start switch to the OFF position. over-current relay systems
4] Activate ON + TIME using the start switch, or directional ground-fault
where-upon the timer will start and the cur-
rent source will start to generate current.
(earth-fault) relay systems
5] When the protective relay equipment oper-
SVERKER 780
the current source will be turned off auto- The following functions are to be tested:
matically, whereupon the TRIP indicator will • Pick-up functions: I > ON and U > ON
start to flash.
• Drop-out functions: I > OF and U > OFF
6] Read the I >> ON + TIME DELAY value from
• Operating time: I > ON + TIME DELAY
the SVERKER display window.
7] For the remaining phases, repeat the steps Test hook-up and initial settings
1-6 as set forth above.
Finishing the test

the test report.
switch.

1] Connect the SVERKER separate 0-230 V AC
voltage output to the protective relay equip-
ment input (U).
2] Also connect the SVERKER separate AC volt-
age output to the voltmeter input.
3] Connect the SVERKER current source, via the
ammeter input and the set of resistors (the
resistor you select will depend on the testing
current) to the current input (NI) to the pro-
tective relay equipment.
relay trip output.
switch.

6] Activate the desired stop condition for the the high current setting using the same pro-
timer by setting the stop input for a make cedure.
and/or break function and for a wet or dry
contact. SVERKER 750
Testing the pick-up and drop-out
1] Select stop conditions, dry or wet contact. • Pick-up functions: I > ON and U ON
2] Select HOLD to freeze the current reading. • Drop-out functions: I > OFF and U > OFF
3] Press button SEL/ until you get a red light • Operating time: I > ON + TIME DELAY
at the built-in ammeter.
Note: Maximum allowed current through the
separate ammeter used in this connection exam-
ple is 6 A. The other measurement points do not
have this limitation.
4] Press the MODE button.
5] Use the key ▼ to select Ω, φ, W, VA....
6] Press CHG (Change)
7] Select φ (°, Iref) or (°, Uref) by using the key
▼.
8] Press SEL (Select).
9] Press ESC.
10] Press button (44) to turn on voltage.
11] Set the voltage amplitude with the upper
small knob.
12] Make sure the main knob is set to "0".
13] Turn on the SVERKER output by activating
ON using the start switch ▼.
14] Set the phase-angle. Swop between 10° and Test hook-up and initial settings
1° steps by pressing the knob. Connect for testing as shown in the above diagram.
000ms 070° 1] Connect the SVERKER separate 0-120 V AC
0.100A 63.05V voltage output to the protective relay equip-
ment input (U).
Note: A small current flowing in the circuit is
required to measure the phase angle. 2] Also connect the SVERKER separate AC volt-
15] Increase the current until the relay operates age output to the voltmeter input.
(pick-up). Read the value. Press the HOLD 3] Connect the SVERKER current source, via the
button twice to reset the display. ammeter input and the set of resistors (the
16] Decrease the current until the relay drops resistor you select will depend on the test-
out. Read the value. ing current) to the current input (NI) to the
protective relay equipment.
Testing the operation time 4] Connect the timer stop input (STOP) to the
1] Increase the current to 1.5 times the pick-up relay trip output.
value.
2] Invoke the ON+TIME state by means of the switch.
start switch. The outputs will now remain
turned on until the protective relay equip-
timer by setting the stop input for a make
ment operates.
3] Read the time from the display. Check also contact.

7] Transfer the ammeter test point to the panel Operating time: I > ON + TIME
input, whereupon its indicator lamp will
light. This can be done step by step with the
DELAY
A button located to the right of the display 1] Turn on the SVERKER current source by
window. setting the start switch to the ON position,
whereupon the ON indicator lamp will light.
8] Select the desired voltage range (0-60 or
0-120 V) for the separate AC output by press- 2] Increase the current to 1.5 x I > ON. (For an
ing the button at left beneath the output. inverse time relay, you should conduct three
tests at 1.5, 2 and 3 x I > ON, thus provid-
9] Activate the separate AC voltage output by ing additional test points on the inverse
pressing the button at right beneath the time curve.) 3. Turn off the SVERKER current
output. source by setting the start switch to the OFF
position.
Pick-up and drop-out functions:
3] Activate ON + TIME by means of the start
I > ON and I > OFF switch, whereupon the timer will start and
1] Increase the voltage using the small knob the current source will start to generate cur-
until U > is exceeded. If the protective relay rent.
equipment has no adjustable voltage func-
tion (U >), set the voltage to the value same
as a fault voltage. Keep this voltage constant
the current source will be turned off auto-
during the remainder of the test. It is not
matically, whereupon the TRIP indicator will
necessary to test the U-ON and U-OFF voltage
start to flash.
limits. It may, however, be desirable to test I
> ON and I > OFF at different voltage levels. 5] Read the ON + TIME DELAY value from the
SVERKER display.
2] Turn on the SVERKER current source by acti-
vating ON with the start switch (press the ?
key once), whereupon the ON indicator lamp Pick-up and drop-out functions:
will light. U > ON and U > OFF
3] Increase the current until the protective relay 1] Decrease the voltage using the small knob
equipment operates (I > ON), whereupon until the voltage drops beneath U.
the SVERKER TRIP indicator will start to glow 2] Turn on the SVERKER current source using
steadily. the start switch, whereupon the ON indicator
4] Read the I > ON value from the display win- lamp will light.
dow. If the protective relay equipment fails 3] Increase the current with the main knob until
to operate, reverse the polarity of the volt- I > ON is exceeded (more than 1.1-1.2 x I >
age circuit. ON).
5] If the freeze function has been activated, 4] Increase the voltage using the small knob
press the HOLD button twice to unfreeze the until the <%-2>protective relay equipment
value shown. operates (U > ON), whereupon the SVERKER
6] Decrease the current until drop-out occurs (I TRIP indicator will start to glow steadily.
> OFF), whereupon the TRIP indicator will be 5] Read the U > ON value from the display
extinguished. window.
7] Read the I > OFF value from the display 6] If the freeze function has been activated,
window. press the HOLD button twice to unfreeze the
8] Decrease the current to 0. 9. Turn off the value shown.
SVERKER current source by setting the start 7] Decrease the voltage until drop-out takes
switch to the OFF position. place (U> OFF), whereupon the TRIP indica-
tor will be extinguished.
8] Read the U > OFF value from the display
window.

Finishing the test 7.4 Testing power relays

the test report.
switch.
P: Active power α = 0°
Q: Reactive power α = 90° (phase-shifting capacitor in cur-

rent circuit)

• Pick-up function: P > ON or Q > ON
• Drop-out function : P > OFF or Q > OFF
• Operating time: P > ON + TIME DELAY or Q > ON +
TIME DELAY
• Sensitivity (depends on phase angle)
Make a note of the relay setting data (U, I and time
delay as well as P or Q). If so desired, calculate the

operating/drop-out values that are of interest: place (P > or Q > ON), whereupon the SVERK-
P = U * I * cos φ or Q = U * I * sin φ ER TRIP indicator will glow steadily. If opera-
tion does not take place, reverse the polarity
Test hook-up and initial settings of the protective relay equipment voltage
Connect for testing as shown in the above diagram. circuit.
1] Connect the SVERKER separate 0-120 V AC 3] Read the P > ON or Q > ON value on the dis-
voltage source to the protective relay equip- play (U, I and P or Q).
ment voltage input. 4] If the freeze function has been activated,
2] Connect the SVERKER current source to the press the HOLD button twice to unfreeze the
protective relay equipment current input. value shown.
3] Connect the timer stop input (STOP) to the 5] Decrease the current until drop-out occurs
protective relay equipment trip output. (P > OFF or Q > OFF), whereupon the TRIP
indicator will be extinguished.
4] Also connect the separate 0-120 V AC voltage
source to the voltmeter input. 6] Read the P > OFF or Q > OFF value from the
display window.
5] If low currents are to be measured, connect
the current source to the separate ammeter 7] Decrease the current to 0.
panel input. 8] Turn off the SVERKER current source by set-
6] Turn on power to SVERKER using the mains ting the start switch to the OFF position.
switch.
Operating times: P > ON + TIME
timer by setting the stop input for a make DELAY or Q > ON + TIME DELAY
and/or break function and for a live or dead 1] Turn on the SVERKER current source by
contact. setting the start switch to the ON position,
whereupon the ON indicator lamp will light.
8] Activate extra measurement of P or Q by
calling up and using a menu on the display as 2] Increase the current to 1.5 x P > ON.
follows: 3] Turn off the SVERKER current source by set-
MODE – ▼ – ’Ω, ϕ, W, VA...’ – CHG – ▼ – P(W) or ting the start switch to the OFF position.
Q(VAr) – SEL – ESC, whereupon the following
will be shown on the display: 4] Activate ON + TIME by means of the start
ms – A – V mΩ. switch, whereupon the timer will start and
the current source will start to generate cur-
9] Select the desired voltage range (0-60 or 60- rent.
120 V) for the separate AC voltage output by
pressing the left button beneath the output. 5] When the protective relay equipment oper-
10] Activate the AC voltage output by pressing the current source will be turned off auto-
the right button beneath the output. Then matically, whereupon the TRIP indicator will
set the voltage. start to flash.
11] Move the ammeter test point to the desired 6] Read the ON + TIME DELAY value from the
current output or to the separate ammeter SVERKER display.
panel input. This can be done step by step
with the A button located to the right of the 7] Repeat the U > ON + TIME DELAY run two or
display window. When a test point is select- three times to confirm its accuracy through
ed, its indicator lamp lights. repetition.
8] Decrease the current to 0.
Pick-up and drop-out functions: P
or Q > ON and P or Q > OFF Finishing the test
1] Turn on the SVERKER current source by acti- 1] Enter the values read from the display into
vating ON with the start switch (press the ▼ the test report.
key once), whereupon the ON indicator lamp 2] Turn off power to SVERKER using the mains
will light. switch.
2] Increase the current until operation takes


7.5 Testing undervoltage
relays
• Pickup function: U < ON
• Drop-out function : U < OFF
• Operating time: U < ON + TIME DELAY
Test hook-up and initial settings

1] Connect the 0-250 V AC voltage source out-
put to the protective relay equipment.
Also connect this output to the voltmeter
input.
relay trip/signal output.
switch.
timer by setting the stop input for a make
contact.
5] If the display window is to freeze the voltage
reading at trip/signal time, check to see that
the HOLD function is active (it can be acti-
vated by means of the HOLD button).
6] If the 0-250 V AC output is considered not

sensitive enough, one of the following out- Finishing the test

puts can be selected: 0-10, 0-40 or
0-100 A. Alternatively, the voltage can be
the test report.
divided by means of the set of resistors in-
cluded with the SVERKER. 2] Turn off power to SVERKER using the mains
switch.
Pick-up and drop-out functions: U 3] Disconnect the equipment.
< ON and U < OFF
1] Turn on the SVERKER current source by acti-
vating ON with the start switch (press the ▼
will light.
2] Increase the voltage to 1.1-1.2 x the relay
voltage setting.
3] Decrease the voltage until operation occurs
(U < ON), whereupon the SVERKER TRIP indi-
cator will start to glow steadily.
4] Read the U < ON value from the display
window.
press the HOLD button twice to unfreeze the
value shown.
6] Increase the voltage until drop-out takes
place (U < OFF), whereupon the TRIP indica-
tor will be extinguished.
7] Read the U < OFF value from the display
window.
Operating time: U < ON + TIME

DELAY
1] Turn on the SVERKER main source by setting
the start switch to the ON position, where-
upon the ON indicator lamp will light.
2] Increase the voltage to 1.1-1.2 times the relay
voltage setting (1.1-1.2 x U < ON).
3] Activate OFF + TIME using the start switch
(press the ▼ key), whereupon the main
source stops to generate voltage and the
timer starts .
ates, the time stops automatically, where-
upon the TRIP indicator starts to flash.
5] Read the U < ON + TIME DELAY value from
the display window.
6] Repeat the U < ON + TIME DELAY run two or
three times to confirm its accuracy through
repetition.

7.6 Testing motor overload 7.7 Testing frequency

releases and overcurrent relays
cut-outs that grant/deny
starting permission
Test equipment used for motor overload releases
and overcurrent cut-outs that govern the granting or
denial of starting permission must be able to provide
both normal-operation current and fault current, and
it must be possible to change between them without
interrupting the test. Moreover, time measurement
must start precisely when the change occurs.
Make the connections as showed in the picture above.

1] Adjust the voltages to the required levels
with the knobs (23 and 28).
2] Enter the MENU and choose “frequency” in
“extra measurements”
3] Press the button to choose unit and turn the
dial Adjust the frequency with the button
(43).
4] Set trip conditions on STOP input
The SVERKER voltage source can supply the out-
put transformer via a reverse circuit comprising two
parallel-coupled resistors of 1000 Ω and 500 Ω. See
illustration above.
1] The normal-operation current is set from the
voltage source, and it can be varied from 0
up to 6 A, depending on the impedance of
the release/cut-out and the current output
that was selected.
2] The fault current is set in the usual way with
the main knob.
3] To start test, press ON+TIME.
The normal-operation current changes to fault current
and time measurement starts. This procedure provides
you with the tripping times for the release/cut-out for
a fault that occurs occurring during normal operation
and also for a fault that prevents starting permission
from being granted.


8 Troubleshooting
8 Troubleshooting
8.1 General 8.2 Displayed values

Fault Possible cause Remedy Reading Possible cause Remedy
No output a) No mains volt- Check that power No current Miniature circuit Check the minia-
current from age cord is properly reading appears breaker F4 may ture circuit breaker.
SVERKER. plugged in. when measure- have tripped
b) Miniature Check miniature ments are made because the
circuit breaker F1 circuit breakers F1 via the am- measured current
or F2 may have and F2. meter’s panel exceeded 6 A.
tripped. input.
c) The thermal This cut-out is reset Abnormal cur- The current is Check to see that
cut-out may have automatically after rent readings probably being the correct test
tripped because a certain amount of are displayed. measured at the point has been
of an overload. time has elapsed. wrong location selected for the
(test point). ammeter.
The separate The PTC resistor Wait. This cut-out
AC voltage that serves as a is reset automati- No voltage The voltmeter Connect the volt-
source mal- thermal cut-out cally after a certain reading ap- panel input is not meter input.
functions. may have tripped amount of time has pears. connected.
because of an elapsed. Unexpectedly Contact bounces Connect the
overload. short operat- are occurring in SVERKER capacitor
Auxiliary DC The thermal Wait. This cut-out ing times are the protective in parallel with the
voltage source cut-out (thermal is reset automati- shown. relay equipment. test object.
malfunctions. relay) may have cally after a certain Fewer than The ”delay Shorten the ”delay
tripped because amount of time has the desired off” function is off” period or set it
of an overload. elapsed. number of activated (time to 0. See Chapter
Make/break Miniature circuit Check the miniature times appear in that elapses after 5 entitled ”Mak-
contact mal- breaker F3 may circuit breaker. the time table tripping before ing settings in the
functions. have tripped. after measuring generation is display”.
reclosings. stopped) and
start and stop
pulses are issued
during the ”delay
off” period.
AC Voltage • Undervoltage Press I/O button
Source LED on input (44) to disable
blinks • Overvoltage on output.
input
• Overcurrent on
output
• Main frequency
is outside limits
(40 to 80 Hz)
No phase-angle No current gener- "Press ""ON"" to
reading (or ated. Both cur- generate the cur-
jumping values) rent and voltage rent.
must be gener-
ated.

8 Troubleshooting
8.3 Error messages etc.

Reading Possible cause Remedy
Flashing value The value shown
is less than 1% of
the range being
used.
O.F. Means overflow You should thus
and indicates that repeat the meas-
the range being urement. Since
used has been ex- range switching
ceeded. One pos- data is stored in a
sible cause is that memory, your sec-
the measurement ond try may very
cycle proceeded to well be successful.
rapidly to permit
the range to be
switched automati-
cally.
---- No value can be
displayed. This oc-
curs (for example)
in connection with
cycles that are
much too fast.
BAD START Select another start
CONDITION condition.
BAD STOP Select another stop
CONDITION condition.
CHECKSUM Internal fault in Contact your clos-
ERROR SVERKER. est Programma
representative.
RAM ERROR Internal fault in Contact your clos-
SVERKER. est Programma
representative

9 Specifications
9 Specifications
Specifications Measurement section

Timer
SVERKER 750 / 780 Time can be displayed in seconds or in mains-frequency cycles.
Specifications are valid at nominal input voltage and an ambient Range Resolution Inaccuracy
temperature of +25°C, (77°F). Specifications are subject to change 000-9.999 s 1 ms ±(1 ms + 0.01%)*
without notice. 10.00-99.99 s 10 ms ±(10 ms + 0.01 %)*
Environment 100.0-999.9 s 100 ms ±(100 ms + 0.01 %)*
Application field The instrument is intended for use in * For the OFF+TIME start condition in INT mode, 1 ms shall be
high-voltage substations and indu- added to the above measurement error.
strial environments. Range Resolution Inaccuracy
Temperature 0.0-999.9 cycles 0.1 cycles ±(0.1 cycles + 0.01%)
Operating 0°C to +50°C (32°F to +122°F) 1000-49999 1 cycle ±(1 cycle + 0.01 %)
Storage & -40°C to +70°C (-40°F to +158°F) cycles at 50 Hz
transport 1000-59999
Humidity 5% – 95% RH, non-condensing cycles at 60 Hz
CE-marking Ammeter
LVD Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC Measurement AC, true RMS
EMC EMC Directive 2004/108/EC method DC, mean value
General Ranges
Internal 0.00 – 250.0 A
Mains voltage 115 / 230 V AC, 50 / 60 Hz
External 0.000 – 6.000 A
Power consumption 1380 W
(max) Inaccuracy
Protection Thermal cut-outs, automatic overload Internal range 1)
protection 0 – 10 A AC ±(1% + 20 mA)
Dimensions 0 – 40 A AC ±(1% + 40 mA)
Instrument 350 x 270 x 220 mm 0 – 100 A AC ±(1% + 200 mA)
(13.8” x 10.6” x 8.7”) External range 1)
Transport case 610 x 350 x 275 mm 0 – 0.6 A AC ±(1% + 20 mA)
(24.0” x 13.8” x 10.8”)
0 – 6 A AC ±(1% + 20 mA)
Weight
0 – 0.6 A DC ±(0.5% + 2 mA)
SVERKER 750 17.3 kg (38.1 lbs)
0 – 6 A DC ±(0.5% + 20 mA)
26.3 kg (58 lbs) with accessories and
transport case Resolution
SVERKER 780 18.1 kg (39.9 lbs) Internal range 10 mA (range <100 A)
27.1 kg (59.7 lbs) with accessories 100 mA (range >100 A)
and transport case External range 1 mA
Test lead set, with 4 2 x 0.25 m (0.8 ft), 2.5 mm2 Voltmeter
mm stackable safety 2 x 0.5 m (1.6 ft), 2.5 mm2
Measurement AC, true RMS
plugs 8 x 2.0 m (6.6 ft), 2.5 mm2
method DC, mean value
Test leads with spade 2 x 3.0 m (9.8 ft), 10 mm2
Range 0.00 – 600.0 V
tongue connectors
Inaccuracy 1) AC, ±(1% + 200 mV) Max. value
Display LCD
DC, ±(0.5% + 200 mV) Max. value
Available languages Values are range depending
SVERKER 750 English, French, German, Spanish,
Extra measurements
Swedish
Power factor and phase angle measurements
SVERKER 780 Bulgarian, Czech, English, French,
German, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Range Resolution Inaccuracy
Turkish Power factor cos φ -0.99 (cap) to 0.01 ±0.04
+0.99 (ind)
Phase angle φ (°) 000 – 359° 1° ±2°
Impedance and power measurements
AC Z (Ω and °), Z (Ω), R and X (Ω and Ω),
P (W), S (VA), Q (VAR)
DC R (Ω), P (W)
Range Up to 999 kX (X= unit)

9 Specifications
Make / Break contact
Max. current 1A
Specifications extended
Max. voltage 250 V AC or 120 V DC
Reclosing test Maximum load times for different
Items measured Tripping and reclosing times currents
Display After test is finished a list of all times
appears in display
Range Current Load time, Recovery time,
Breaker state feed- The Make / Break contact can be used
back to feed back the breaker state
(A AC) used (A AC) maximum minimum
Max. number of 49 (minutes)
reclosings 100 200 1 s (3 times) 5
Max. testing time 999 s 150 3 s (5 times) 10
Sets of resistors and a capacitor 100 1 minute 15
Resistors 0.5 Ω to 2.5 kΩ 75 10 minutes 45
Capacitor 2) 10 μF, max voltage 450 V AC 50 30 minutes 100
1) Measurement intervals longer than 100 ms
30 Continuous –
2) SVERKER 750
40 80 1 s (3 times) 5
Outputs
60 3 s (5 times) 10
Current outputs – AC
40 1 minute 15
Range No-load Full-load Full-load Load / unload
voltage voltage current times 30 10 minutes 45
(min) (min) (max) On 20 30 minutes 100
(max) / Off
(min) 12 Continuous –
0 – 10 A 90 V 75 V 10 A 2 / 15 minutes 10 20 2 s (3 times) 5
0 – 40 A 25 V 20 V 40 A 1 / 15 minutes 15 5 s (5 times) 10
0 – 100 A 10 V 8V 100 A 1 / 15 minutes 10 2 minutes 15
0 – 100 A 10 V - 200 A 1 sec/ 5 mi- 7.5 15 minutes 45
nutes
5 Continuous
Voltage outputs – AC / DC
Range No-load
Full-load Full-load Load / unload
voltage
voltage
(min)
(min)
current
(max)
times
On (max)
The voltage outputs of the current
/ Off (min) source
0 – 250 V AC 290 V AC 250 V AC 3 A 10 min / 45 min
0 – 300 V DC 320 V DC 250 V DC 2 A 10 min / 45 min
Full-load voltage,
Full-load current,
No-load voltage,
Separate AC voltage source
Recovery time,
SVERKER 750 Full-load time,
Range No-load Full-load Full-load maximum
minimum
minimum
minimum
voltage (min) voltage (min) current
Range
(max)
max
0 – 60 V AC 70 V 60 V 0.25 A
60 – 120 V AC 130 V 120 V 0.25 A
0-250 V 290 V 250 V 3A 10 minutes 45 minutes
Both ranges are divided into voltage steps of 10 V that are step-
AC AC AC AC
lessly variable.
0-300 V 320 V 250 V 2A 10 minutes 45 minute
SVERKER 780 DC DC DC DC
Range No-load Full-load Full-load
voltage (min) voltage (min) power The DC voltage output provides rectified, smoothed
(max)
AC. The maximum current should not be used while
5 – 220 V AC 240 V AC 220 V AC at 33 W
Minimum step 33 W continuously. any of the current outputs are being used.
0.1 V 200 V AC at 46 W
46 W 1 minute
Phase angle Resolution Inaccuracy
Note Time-limited (max-time) generation should be
0 – 359° 1° ±2°
used for times shorter than 1 minute.
Frequency Resolution Inaccuracy
15 – 550 Hz 1 mHz ±0.1%
Separate AC voltage source
Auxiliary DC output
This output is protected by a PTC resistor.
Range Voltage Max. current
20 – 130 V DC 20 V DC 300 mA Moreover, it is equipped with two 400 V transient
130 V DC 375mA
voltage suppressors (transils). One is located between
130 – 220 DC 130 V DC 325 mA
220 V DC 400 mA the output contacts, and the other between the out-
put contact marked with a dot and ground (earth).

9 Specifications
Auxiliary DC voltage output 9.3 Inputs

The auxiliary voltage output is stabilized and also short
circuit proof. Timer inputs
These inputs are equipped with 400 V transient volt-
Moreover, it is equipped with two 400 V transient
age suppressors (transils) at three locations:
voltage suppressors (transils). One is located between
the output contacts, and the other between the black • Between the input contacts.
output contact and ground (earth)
• Between the black input contact and ground
The respective max currents can be used continuously (earth).
at high output voltages in either of the two ranges.
• Between the red input contact and ground (earth).
When the respective max currents are used at low
voltages in either range, a temperature monitor will
trip after a while, and the voltage will be shut off.
Potential state
However, the voltage will be restored as the tempera- Parameter Min Type Max Unit
ture drops.
High changeover 20 V DC
level, DC, |VIH|DC
Low changeover level, 5 V DC
DC, |VIL|DC
High voltage level, 60 V ACrms
AC, |VIH|AC1)
Low voltage level, AC, 3
|VIL|AC
V ACrms Input current 1 5 mA
at high level, AC/DC,
|IIH|
1) This high voltage is needed to provide correct time readings
Contact state
Parameter Min Type Max Unit
High changeover 3 kΩ
resistance, RIH
Low changeover 750 Ω
resistance, RIL
Output current with 7 13 mA DC
short-circuited input
Internal supply voltage, Vs 20 V DC
Maximum values
Parameter Max Unit
Max input voltage, DC, |VIN|DC 275 V DC
Max input voltage, AC, |VIN|AC 250 V ACrms
External ammeter input

Maximum values for external
current measurement
Parameter Max Unit
Max current, DC 6 A
Max current, AC 6 Arm

9 Specifications
9.4 Make/Break contact 9.5 Measurement section

The make/break contact is equipped with a 1 A mini-
ature circuit breaker Timer
Make/break contact 400 V transient voltage suppres- Time can be displayed in seconds or in mains-frequen-
sors (transils) are provided at three locations: cy cycles.
• Between common contact and ground.

Specifications for he time
• Between common contact and break contact. expressed in seconds
• Between common contact and make contact.
Range Resolution Inaccuracy
000-9.999 s 1 ms ± (1 ms + 0.01 %)
Normal use
10.00-99.99 s 10 ms ± (10 ms + 0.01 %)
Function Time error between current and 100.0-99999.9 s 100 ms ± (100 ms + 0.01 %
the make/break contact
Current start
(reclosing)
±1 ms (max) Specifications for time expressed
Current end (trip) 0 – 10 m in mains-frequency cycles
Range Resolution Inaccuracy
Breaker state simulation 0.0-999.9 cycles 0.1 cycles ± (0.1 cycles + 0.01 %)
1000-4999995 1 cycle ± (1 cycle + 0.01 %)
Function Time error between current and cycles at 50 Hz
make/break contact
1000-5999994 1 cycle ± (1 cycle + 0.01 %
Current start ±1 ms (max) cycles at 60 Hz
Current end 0 – 30 m
Ammeter
Maximum values Switching between ranges can be carried out either
automatically or manually as desired.
Parameter Max Unit
Max current 1 A The measured current can be displayed in amperes or
as a percentage of a presettable nominal value.
Max voltage, AC 250 V AC
Max voltage, DC 120 VD AC current is measured as true RMS.
DC current is measured as a mean value.
The external current measurement input is protected
by a 6 A miniature circuit breaker, and input resistance
Rin is 0.22 Ω.
The values specified below are for measurement in-
tervals (times) longer than 100 ms. The measurement
error is greater for shorter measurement intervals.

9 Specifications
Specifications for current in Specifications for voltage

amperes displayed in volts
Test- Range Resolution Inaccuracy (% Range Resolution Inaccuracy
point of reading + (% of reading +
mA) mV)
0-10 A 2 A AC 0.10 – 1.99 A AC: ±(1% + 10 mA) 6 V AC 0.00 – 5.999 V ±(1% + 10 mV)
10 mA AC AC:
20 A AC 2.00 – 19.99 A ±(1% + 20 mA) 10 mV AC
AC: 60 V AC 6.00 – 59.99 V ±(1% + 20 mV)
10 mA AC AC:
0-40 A 8 A AC 0.40 – 7.99 A AC: ±(1% + 10 mA) 10 mV AC
10 mA AC 600 V AC 60.00 – 99.99 V ±(1% + 200 mV)
80 A AC 8.00 – 79.99 A ±(1% + 80 mA) AC: 10 mV AC
AC: 10 mA AC 100.0 – 599.9 V
AC: 100 mV AC
0-100 20 A AC 1.00 – 19.99 A ±(1% + 20 mA)
A AC: 10 mA AC 6 V DC 0.00 – 5.99 V DC: ±(0.5% + 10 mV)
10 mV DC
200 A 20.00 – 99.99 A ±(1% + 200 mA)
AC AC: 10 mA AC 60 V DC 6.00 – 59.99 V ±(0.5% + 20 mV)
100.0 – 249.9 A DC:
AC: 10 mV DC
100 mA AC 60.00 – 99.99 V
DC: 10 mV DC
Exter- 0.6 A 0.000 – 0.599 A ±(1% + 2 mA)
nal AC AC: 1 mA AC 600 V DC 100.0 – 599.9 V ±(0.5% + 200
DC: 100 mV DC mV
6 A AC 0.600 – 5.999 A ±(1% + 20 mA)
AC: 1 mA AC
0.6 A 0.000 – 0.599 A ±(0.5% + 2 mA) Specifications for voltage
DC DC: 1 mA DC displayed as a percentage of a
6 A DC 0.600 – 5.999 A ±(0.5% + 20 mA
DC: 1 mA DC
presettable nominal value.
Resolution Per- Resolution Inaccuracy
Specifications for current displayed centage Nominal value
as a percentage of a presettable 000 – 999%: 1% 000-999 V: 1 V 1
nominal value. Reclosing test

Resolution Per- Resolution Inaccuracy Maximum Max testing Resolution at max
centage Nominal value number of time for all testing time
000 – 999%: 1% 000-999 A: 1 A 1 reclosings reclosings
49 times 999 s 1
Voltmeter
Switching between ranges can be carried out either
automatically or manually as desired.
The measured voltage can be displayed in volts or as a
percentage of a presettable nominal value.
AC voltage is measured as a true RMS.
DC voltage is measured as a mean value.
The input is protected by a PTC resistor, and input
resistance Rin is 220 kΩ.
The values specified below are for measurement in-
tervals (times) longer than 100 ms. The measurement
error s greater for shorter measurement intervals.

9 Specifications
Power factor and phase angle 9.6 Other

measurements
The following specifications are for voltages and Injection
current readings that are higher than 10% of the
selected range. Maintained Injection continues without any
time limitation.
Item and Range Resolution Inaccuracy Momentary Injection continues only as long as
unit be button is kept depressed.
Power factor -0.99 (cap) to 0.01 ±0.04 Minimum momentary injection
cos φ +0.99 (ind) time is 0.1 s.
Phase angle 000 – 359 1º ±2º Max time Injection stops automatically
φ (º)
when the preset maximum time is
The following items can be measured for AC: reached.
Max injection time 99.9 s
• cos ϕ Resolution at max time 0.1 s
• ϕ in (°) with current as reference (Iref)
• ϕ in (°) with voltage as reference (° ,Uref)
Filtering
If filtering was selected, five successive readings are
averaged. The following can be filtered:
Impedance and power
measurements • Current
For these measurements, the result is calculated us- • Voltage
ing 2 or 3 items. The measurement error obtained
• Extra items that are measured
depends on the measurement errors for the items
included (U, I and sometimes φ ).
Off delay
Range (X represents one of the Resolution The turning off of generation can be delayed after
items listed below) tripping throughout a specified time interval that is
000 – 999 mX 0.001 expressed in mains-frequency cycles.
1.00 – 9.99 X 0.01
Max off delay 999 mains-frequency cycles
10.0 – 99.9 X 0.1
Resolution at max 1 cycle
100 – 999 X 1
off delay
1.00 – 9.99 kX 10
10.0 – 99.9 kX 100
Memories
100 – 999 kX 1000
There are four memories numbered 0 through 3.
For AC, the following items (X above) can be meas-
ured: Environment
• Z (Ω and °) Installation category II (2.5 kV)
• Z (Ω) Pollution degree 2
• R and X (Ω and Ω) Altitude Max 2000 m
• P (W)
Set of resistors
• S (VA)
• Q (VAr) Resistor ohmage Max current
0.5 Ω 10 A
For DC, the following items (X above) can be meas-
1Ω 7A
ured:
25 Ω 2A
• R (Ω)
100 Ω 0.7 A
• P (W) 500 Ω 0.3 A
1 kΩ 0.22 A
2.5 kΩ 0.11 A

9 Specifications
Index
J
Symbols L
0-Level filter.................................................... 36 Language....................................................... 38
Low currents................................................... 42
A
AC Voltage source..................................15, 23 M
Ammeter......................................................... 33 Magnetization curve....................................... 52
Ammeter & voltmeter..............................14, 23 Make/Break contact................................16, 24
Application examples..................................... 56 Making settings.............................................. 28
Automatic recloser.......................................... 52 Measuring current.......................................... 41
Auxiliary voltage............................................. 48 Measuring voltage.......................................... 46
Auxiliary voltage source.........................15, 24 Menu system.................................................. 30
B N
Break contact.........................................16, 24 Numerical value.............................................. 29
Button functions.............................................. 29
O
C Off delay......................................................... 36
Capacitor................................................16, 25 Operate.......................................................... 40
Computer interface......................................... 17 Operating times......................................45, 46
Control panel.................................................. 18 Overcurrent relays.......................................... 57
Current source........................................11, 20
P
D Phase angle...........................................47, 50
Directional ground-fault relay syste................ 59 Phase difference............................................. 49
Directional overcurrent relay.......................... 59 Pick-up and drop-out limits............................. 43
Direction indicator........................................... 29 Power relays................................................... 62
Display........................................... 13, 22, 35 Power supply..........................................17, 25
E Q
External cycle time......................................... 51
R
F Recall............................................................. 37
Finding pick-up and drop-out limits................ 44 Remote control............................................... 37
Resistor set and capacitor.............................. 16
G
Generating higher voltages............................ 47 S
Save/Recall.................................................... 37
H
Select current output...................................... 41
High currents.................................................. 42
Set of resistors and capacitor......................... 25
I Setting mode.................................................. 28
Injecting current.............................................. 40 Setting the desired current............................. 42
Injection.......................................................... 32 Software......................................................... 38
Specifications................................................. 70
SW.................................................................. 38
Symbols on the instrument............................... 6

9 Specifications
T
Testing directional over-current relay............. 59
Testing frequency relays................................. 66
Testing motor overload releases.................... 65
Testing over-current relays............................. 57
Testing power relays....................................... 62
Testing undervoltage relays......................... 64
Testing voltage relays..................................... 56
Test mode....................................................... 32
Timer.............................................12, 21, 35
Start conditions.......................................... 12
Stop conditions.......................................... 12
Trip indicator...........................................13, 22
Trip pulse length............................................. 53
Troubleshooting.............................................. 68
U
Undervoltage relays....................................... 64
V
Voltage relays.........................................48, 56
Voltage source........................................15, 23
Voltmeter....................................... 14, 23, 33

9 Specifications

9 Specifications

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SWEDEN Other Technical Sales Offices

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Eldarvägen 4 Norristown USA
Box 2970 Toronto CANADA
SE-187 29 TÄBY Trappes FRANCE
WWW.MEGGER.COM
T +46 8 510 195 00 Oberursel GERMANY

F +46 8 510 195 95 Johannesburg SOUTH AFRICA
E seinfo@megger.com Kingdom of BAHRAIN
Mumbai INDIA
UK Chonburi THAILAND
Archcliffe Road, Dover Sydney AUSTRALIA
CT17 9EN England
T +44 (0) 1304 502101
F +44 (0) 1304 207342
E UKsales@megger.com
Subject to change without notice. Printed matter No. ZP-CD03E Doc. CD0795BE 2009

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SVERKER 750/780

Relay Test Unit

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NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT & PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

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Contents 5 Making settings on the display.......... 28

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6.19 Plotting a magnetization curve......................... 52

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Symbols on the instrument

Never connect the SVERKER 750/780 to an

The SVERKER 750/780 should be operated

The SVERKER 750/780 must not be used in

Do not use auxiliary equipment not

Do not attempt to service the SVERK-

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The maximum load times depends on the

If, for some reason, you need to return

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2.1 Applications Current and voltage transformation ratio tests

Items that can be tested using

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2.2 Design and

Note The current output depends on the burden of

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3.1 General 1 Current source

This chapter presents a general description of SVERK- 2 Timer

SVERKER 780 control panel

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3.2 Current source Generation that con-

An indicator lamp to the right of the set of resistors

Type of generation Explanation

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3.3 Timer Measuring an external cycle

Indication Start condition

Indication Stop condition

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3.4 Trip indicator 3.5 Display

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Note When using AUTO RANGE the measured

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3.7 AC Voltage source 3.8 Auxiliary voltage

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3.9 Make/Break contact 3.10 Resistor set and

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3.11 Power supply 3.12 Computer interface

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4.1 Front panels

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4.2 Current source

Indication What is meant

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13. Indicator lamp. This lamp indicates the state

Indication Condition required for timer stop

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4.4 Trip indicator 4.5 Display

17. Button marked MODE. This button changes

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4.6 Ammeter & voltmeter 4.7 AC Voltage source

SVERKER 750/780

Never connect the SVERKER 750/780 to an

The SVERKER 750/780 should be operated