Field of Study Pre-Colonial: Government

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FIELD OF STUDY PRE-COLONIAL

GOVERNMENT 1 BARANGAY

2 DATU

ECONOMY 1 AGRICULTURE

2 MINING
3 LUMBERING
4 TRADING

BELIEFS 1 RELIGION
OTHERS 1 ARTS

TECHNOLOGIES AND 1 INDONES


INFRASTRUCTURE

2 NEGRITOS
PRE-COLONIAL

The barangay was the Filipino's earliest form of government. It was an independent settlement 1
consisting of thirty to one hundred families usually situated along a river bank or at the mouth of a
river spilling out to the sea. The term barangay was derived from the Malay
word barangay or balangay, which means sailboat. The barangays were used to transport the early
Filipinos and their cargoes to the various sections of the Philippine archipelago.

Each barangay was ruled by a datu or village chief who was also known as raha or rajah.Some 2
datus were more powerful than others and, consequently, were duly respected and exercise
tremendous influence. The political development of the archipelago was such that there was no
national or central government yet. In other words, there was no datu strong enough to consolidate
considerable power and to unite the archipelago into one nation.

Laws were made by the chieftain and the elders. 3

The main source of livelihood. There was an abundance of rice, coconuts, sugar cane, etc. 1

Land cultivation.
Productivity was increased by the use of irrigation ditches, as evidenced by the world- famous
Ifugao rice terraces of mountain province.
Mining was comparatively developed.
lumbering and shipbuilding were flourishing industries in those pre- colonial days.
There was foreign trade, too, with china, Japan, Siam, Cambodia, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and other
islands of the old Malaysia.
BELIEVE IN ANITOS, PRIMORDIAL FORCES OF NATURE THAT COULD ACOMMPANY OR POSSESS 1
PEOPLE.

THEY BELIEVE ILLNESS IS CAUSE BY EVIL SPIRITS.


BATHALA- THE MOST POWERFULL GOD.
PRAISE MANY GODS& GODDESSES.
1
With the advance of the New Stone age the primitive inhabitants began to show signs of artistic
improvement in the form of beads, amulets, bracelets and earings.
2
In the early Iron Age, the artistic variety of the ancient Filipinos reached its apogee. Ornaments with
different forms and sizes began to appear.
3

1
More advanced. Lived in grass-covered homes built above the ground or on top of trees. Practiced
dry agriculture. Clothing was made from beaten bark and decorated designs. Cooked food in
bamboo tubes.
Homes- temporary sheds made of jungle leaves and branches of trees. Made fire by rubbing two dry 2
sticks together to give them warmth. Didn’t know how to cook food. sed bow and arrow as weapon
and for hunting.
SPANISH ERA

CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

LOCAL
GOVERNMENT(provinces,cities,
towns and barrios)

UNION OF CHURCH AND STATE.

MANILA-ACAPULCO GALLEON
TRADE

CHRISTIANITY
ARTS AND CULTURE

FOLK ARTS

COLORFUL ART PRESENTATION OF


FOOD
TECHNOLOGIES AND
INFRASTRUCTURE

SOCIAL STRUCTURE
SPANISH ERA

The King entrusted the colony to the governor-general, who had the highest
position in the government. The Royal Audiencia was the Supreme Court of the
Philippines. The Residencia and the Visitador were the special courts that
investigated on the conduct of the governor-general and other high-ranking
Spanish officials.

1. Alcaldia which recognized Spain's possession over the land. 2.


corregimiento where the people had not succumbed to its ruling power.
Ayuntamiento or the city government was the center of the society, religion,
culture and business. The pueblo was governed by the gobernadorcillo, the
highest position for Filipino politicians. The Cabeza de Barangay governed the
barrios.

The governor-general had power over the church. The friars, on the other hand,
played a very important role in the government. The Archbishop was only the
most powerful in the church. However, it seemed that the church exercised more
power than the government and because of this; the government in the
Philippines was called "Frailocracia," a government controlled by the friars.

The Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade was the main source of income for the
colony during its early years. Service was inaugurated in 1565 and continued into
the early 19th century. The Galleon trade brought silver from New Spain and silk
from China by way of Manila. This way, the Philippines earned its income
through buy and sell - that is, they bought silk from China for resale to New Spain
and then bought American silver for resale to China.

Spanish colonizers succeeded in introducing Christianity to the islands.


Christianity represents over 85% of religious beliefs. They were highly successful
in the region of modern day Luzon and Visayas but were unsuccessful in
Mindanao, south region, where Moslems staved off the Spanish efforts. It was a
forced the induction of Christianity -- leading to thousands of deaths and
tortures of the residents of the islands.
Baybayin (syllabic writing).

Kaluskos, Palaspas, Moriones, Rosaries, Combs, Parols, Pastellas wrappers.

Pan de San Nicolas,Atsara,Sapin-sapin,

Quiles, Arana, Victoria, Calesa, Carretela, Bicycles, Telephones, Telegraphs,


Kingke
Infrastructures, Ferrocarril de Manila-Dagupan.

Principalia (upper class) nobility class was the social and educated class in the
towns of colonial Philippines composed of the Gobernadorcillo (Town Mayor), or
the Cabeza de Barangay (Chief of the Barangay) who governed the districts and
the awardees of the medal of Civil Merit.

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