PROJECT SYNOPSIS

Topic:-Smart waste management system using IOT

Submitted by:-
1. Anirudh Jakhmola(11704572)
2. Md Saymon Hossain(11717321)
3. Sonat Singh(11705891)
4. Rakhi Thakur(11706295)

Submitted to:-
Miss Komal ma’am
 System analysis

Step 1:overview of the monitoring system

The idea struck us when we observed that the garbage truck use to go
around the town to collect solid waste twice a day. Although this system
was thorough it was very inefficient. For example let's say street A is a busy
street and we see that the garbage fills up really fast whereas maybe street
B even after two days the bin isn't even half full. What our system does is it
gives a real time indicator of the garbage level in a trashcan at any given
time. Using that data we can then optimize waste collection routes and
ultimately reduce fuel consumption. It allows trash collectors to plan their
daily/weekly pick up schedule.

Step 2:components in our system

To start with you will first have to enter the height of the dustbin. This will
help us generate the percentage of trash in the trashcan. We then have two
criteria’s which needs to be satisfied to show that the particular bin needs
to be emptied :

1. The amount of trash, in other words let's say if your bin is half full you don't
really need to empty it. Our thresh, or maximum amount that we permit of
trash, is 75% of the bin. (You could alter the thresh according to your
preference.)
2. If supposing a particular trashcan fills up 20% and then for a week doesn't
change, it comes into our second criteria, time. With time even the little
amount will start rotting leading to a smelly surrounding. To avoid that our
 tolerance level is 2 days, so if a trashcan is less than 75% but it is two days
old it then will also need to be emptied.

With these criterias in mind let's understand the technical part:

 An ultrasonic sensor (A.K.A a distance sensor) will be placed on the interior

side of the lid, the one facing the solid waste. As trash increases, the
distance between the ultrasonic and the trash decreases. This live data will
be sent to our micro-controller.
 Our micro- controller then processes the data and through the help of WiFi
sends it to an app.
 What the app does it visually represents the amount of trash in the bin with
a small animation.

This process will indicate all the bins which require attention, leading the
user to take the most effective route.

Identification of need

 Ultrasonic Sensor An ultrasonic sensor measures distance. It will be

attached to the lid indicating the quantity of trash. Our system's key
component.
 Arduino MKR1000 (Amazon) The center piece is one of Arduino's latest
micro-controller, which simplifies the task of connecting to the Internet
using prebuilt libraries that can be downloaded.

 DC MOTOR A DC motor is not the same as a "gear motor" - a "gear

motor" may be an AC or DC motor coupled with a gearbox or transmission.
A gear motor adds mechanical gears to alter the speed/torque of the motor
for an application. Usually such an addition is to reduce speed and
increase torque.
IR SENSOR It uses a light sensor to detect a selected light wavelength in
the Infra-Red (IR) spectrum. Infrared sensor is a sensor that used to detect
present and absent of a particular object. It use a specific light in the
Infrared spectrum.

WIFI MODULE is a self-contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol

stack that can give any microcontroller access to your Wi-Fi network. The
WIFI is capable of either hosting an application or offloading all WiFi
networking functions from another application processor. Each WIFI
module comes pre-programmed with an AT command set firmware,
meaning, you can simply hook this up to your Arduino device and get about
as much Wi-Fiability as a WiFi Shield offers (and that’s just out of the box)!
The WIFI module is an extremely cost effective board with a huge, and
ever growing, community. This module has a powerful enough on-board
processing and storage capability that allows it to be integrated.

Preliminary Investigation

“Smart garbage collection system in residential area”- In this project

mainly Solid waste management is a big challenge in urban areas for most
of the countries throughout the world. An efficient waste management is a
pre requisition for maintain a safe and green environment as there are
increasing all kinds of waste disposal. There are many technologies are
used for waste collection as well as for well managed recycling. The
Information gathering is big and cumbersome. The concurrent effects of a
fast national growth rate, of a large and dense residential area and a
pressing demand for urban environmental protection create a challenging
framework for waste management. The complexity of context and
procedures is indeed a primary concern of local municipal authorities due
to problems related to the collection, transportation and processing of
residential solid waste today the garbage collection is manual which takes
a lot of efforts and is time consuming. In this project humans and vehicles
were used to do that work and here we are using automatic technique to
detect garbage level in Garbage. “Intelligent Waste Separator”-This paper
proposes a prototype of the Intelligent Waste Separator (IWS) that consists
of a common trash can, with more containers inside it, using multimedia
technology. People can throw their waste, no matter what kind, into the
system. The latter is able to decide what kind of waste it belongs to and to
deposit it in the correct container. Garbage is a global problem that affects
all living beings. A study from Grow NYC shows that 80% of the world's
solid waste is produced in the United States of America. Also, 70% of its
trash is used once and 45% is buried or burnt, such waste is paper, plastic,
etc. A lot of places like universities, downtowns, subways, and malls have
different containers for specific kinds of waste. Unfortunately, there are
people who do not place waste in the correct containers.

For this reason, it is more difficult to recycle waste which has to go through
a separation process of a high economic cost. Most of garbage is buried or
burnt or even kept in places to which it does not belong. Big volumes of
garbage thrown away and the methods used to store it cause air, water,
and soil pollution. "Waste segregation using smart dustbin"-Thus, aim of
our project is to make a municipal waste management system useful at
domestic level. Dry, wet, metallic are the categories in which waste is
compartmentalized. Continuous increase in populace is increasing waste
generation. Waste generated in India is in the range of 200-870 grams per
day and its rate is rising by about 1.3% per capita per year in India. In
addition to this, some portion of waste is burnt openly on dumpsites or
streets. As the production and consumption is proliferating, extensive
amount of solid materials are generated as well as rejected by people on
regular basis. Garbage Mountains are a commonly seen today. The waste
dumped is ubiquity in the form of rotting mound that dot our terrains and
make our rivers, wells, lakes abhorrent. 68.8 million tons municipal solid
waste is generated per year in India. Unsorted waste, when collected, is
dumped openly that leads to generation of leachate and gaseous
emissions contaminating the nearby environment. As this system is aimed
deliver results at household level, municipal solid waste (msw) is its target.
The waste is sorted out in three categories dry, wet and metallic. Wet
waste at household level may be vegetable peel, garden leaves, weeds,
dried fruits etc.

WORKING PRINCIPLE
The garbage containers transmit signals to indicate that they are over 80%
or 90% full and should be emptied. Via the mobile communications
network, the signals are sent to a web based software application used by
the waste management company. In the software, the capacity of the
container is indicated, which is taken as a basis to plan the best route for
waste collection garbage trucks travel only to those containers that actually
need to be emptied. A robust ultrasonic sensor is installed in the garbage
container and detects the fill level regardless of what has been deposited
inside. The whole system contains ULTRASONIC SENSOR, ARDUINO
BOARD, GSM MODULE, BREAD BOARD, POWER SUPPLY (BATTERY).
The sensor is fixed on to the bread board. the connection between the
Arduino board and sensor is made with the help of connecting wires. The
working program is fed into the Arduino board. The gsm module is also
connected to the same Arduino board with the help of wires. The power
supply to the system is given with the help of a battery.

Advantages of proposed system

 Realtime information on the fill level of the dustbin

 Development of dustbins based on actual needs

 Cost reduction and resource optimization

 Improve environment quality

 Cleaner cities

 Effective use of dustbins

Feasibility study
A feasibility analysis usually involves a thorough assessment of the
operational (need), financial and technical aspects of a proposal. Feasibility
study is the test of the system proposal made to identify whether the user
needs may be satisfied using the current software and hardware
technologies, whether the system will be cost effective from a business
point of view and whether it can be developed with the given budgetary
constraints. A feasibility study should be relatively cheap and done at the
earliest possible time. Depending on the study, the decision is made
whether to go ahead with a more detailed analysis.

When a new project is proposed, it normally goes through feasibility

assessment. Feasibility study is carried out to determine whether the
proposed system is possible to develop with available resources and what
should be the cost consideration. Facts considered in the feasibility
analysis were.

 Technical Feasibility
 Economic Feasibility
 Behavioral Feasibility

Technical Feasibility:-

Technical Feasibility deals with the hardware as well as software

requirements. Technology is not a constraint to type system development.
We have to find out whether the necessary technology, the proposed
equipment’s have the capacity to hold the data, which is used in the
project, should be checked to carry out this technical feasibility.
Economic Feasibility:-
This feasibility study present tangible and intangible benefits from the
prefect by comparing the development and operational cost. The technique
of cost benefit analysis is often used as a basis for assessing economic
feasibility. This system needs some more initial investment than the
existing system, but it can be justifiable that it will improve quality of
service.
Thus feasibility study should center along the following points:
 Improvement over the existing method in terms of accuracy,
timeliness.
 Cost comparison
 Estimate on the life expectancy of the hardware
 objective

Our project is economically feasible. It does not require much cost to be

involved in the overall process. The overall objectives are in easing out the
requirement processes.

Behavioral/ Operational Feasibility:-

This analysis involves how it will work when it is installed and the
assessment of political and managerial environment in which it is
implemented. People are inherently resistant to change and computers
have been known to facilitate change. The new proposed system is very
much useful to the useful to the users and there for it will accept broad
audience from around the world.

While the thought comes up for smart city there is a requirement for smart
waste management. The idea of smart dustbin is for smart campus smart
buildings, hospitals, park and bus stand. The smart dustbin, thus thought is
an improvement of normal dustbin by elevating it to be smart using sensors
and logics.

CONCLUSION
By using this method the collection of waste in the city becomes more
easier. It helps in reducing air pollution, traffic flow, man power, time and
money. With the help of proper technology (GPS & SOFTWARE
APPLICATIONS) we can guide the trucks in selecting the shortest path for
garbage collection. This project can add an edge to the cities aiming to get
smart and people-friendly.