Electricity generation using highway Savonius wind turbine

Sachin A. Patel, Asst. Prof. Rahul B. Patel

Mechanical Department
S.P.B.Patel Engg College, Mehsana
Mehsana, Gujarat, India

Abstract: The objective of the project is to design a wind

turbine to recapture wind energy from vehicles on the
highway. Highways can provide a considerable amount of
wind to drive a turbine due to high vehicle traffic. This energy
is unused. The wind turbines will be placed on the medians
therefore fluid flow from both sides of the highway will be
considered in the design. Using all of the collected data,
existing streetlights on the medians can be fitted with these
wind turbines. Additionally, since the wind source will
fluctuate, a storage system for the power generated will be
designed to distribute and maintain a constant source of
power. Ideally, the turbine can be used globally as an
unlimited power source for streetlights and other public
amenities.

Keywords—Savonius; Elecrticity; Highway; Wind turbine; Fig 1 - The world's first automatically operated wind turbine

I. INTRODUCTION II. WORKING PRINCIPLE

A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from Wind is air in motion. It is a form of solar energy. Solar
the wind, also called wind energy, into mechanical energy in a radiation heats every part of the Earth’s surface unevenly due
process known as wind power. If the mechanical energy is to irregularities and rotation of earth. The flow of wind
used to produce electricity, the device may be called a wind patterns are modified by the earth's terrain, bodies of water,
turbine or wind power plant. If the mechanical energy is used and vegetative cover. When air moves, causing wind, it has
to drive machinery, such as for grinding grain or pumping kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of wind can be captured by
water, the device is called a windmill or wind pump. a wind turbine and converted to other forms of energy such as
Similarly, it may be referred to as a wind charger when used electricity or mechanical power.
for charging batteries.
The first wind turbine is lunched by Charles Brush. Charles F. Wind turbines operate on a simple principle. The energy in the
Brush's 60 foot, 80,000 pound turbine that supplied 12kW of wind turns two or three propeller-like blades around a rotor.
power to 350 incandescent lights, 2 arc lights, and a number of The rotor is connected to the main shaft, which spins a
motors at his home for 20 years (see fig 1). It today is believed generator to create electricity. [2]
to be the first automatically operating wind turbine for
electricity generation and was built in the winter of 1887 - 2.1 Horizontal axis wind turbine
1888 in his back yard. Its rotor was 17 meters in diameter. The Horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWT) have the main rotor
large rectangular shape to the left of the rotor is the vane, used shaft and electrical generator at the top of a tower, and may be
to move the blades into the wind. The dynamo turned 50 times pointed into or out of the wind. Small turbines are pointed by a
for every revolution of the blades and charged a dozen simple wind vane, while large turbines generally use a wind
batteries each with 34 cells. For scale, note gardener pushing sensor coupled with a servo motor. Most have a gearbox,
lawnmower underneath and to right of the turbine.[1] which turns the slow rotation of the blades into a quicker
rotation that is more suitable to drive an electrical generator.

2.2 Vertical axis wind turbine

Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is also known as cross –

wind axis machine. In this machine, the axis of rotation is
perpendicular to the direction of the wind. VAWT are
generally not self-starting and have low power coefficient,
these are the major disadvantage. They require a mechanism
to start from the stationary position. Additionally, there is
possibility of the running blades at very high speed and Mehmet Atilgan at al (3). 2007 were introduce savonius
causing damage to the system. turbine with curtaining clade. Also M.H. Mohamed, G.Janiga,
E.Pap and D.Thevenin et al (4). 2010 were study about the
performance of savonius turbine with obstacle blade.

III. ABOUT THE SAVONIUS TURBINE A. Design os Savonius turbine

The Savonius wind turbine was invented by According to the research paper, the design parameter of the
the Finnish engineer Sigurd Johannes Savonius in 1922. savonius turbine produces the 600 Watt electricity as below :
However, Europeans had been experimenting with curved
blades on vertical wind turbines for many decades before this. 1) Power generated by the turbine is given by,
The earliest mention is by the Italian Bishop of Czanad, who
was also an engineer. He wrote in his 1616 book Machine 3
novae about several vertical axis wind turbines with curved or
V-shaped blades. = 0.5 × 0.45 × 2 × 1.5 × (10.5)3
This turbine consist two half cylindrical or elliptical arranged = 780 Watt (without loss)
is ‘S’ shape. That’s why it is known is “S-rotor”. The turbine = 300 Watt (with loss 40 %)
works on drag force produced by the blades. It has high
starting torque, low speed and low efficiency. It can extract 2) Total Swept area of the rotor is given by,
even from very slow wind, making it working most of the A = D × H = 1 × 2 = 2 m2
time.
3) Aspect ratio: It is the ratio of the Rotor height to the Rotor
A. Equations diameter. And It is given by,
The maximum power is developed by the Savonius turbine is
Aspect Ratio = = =2
given by the following equation:

3
B. Tables

Where, Table - 1
A = area of the rotor (m2)
v = wind speed (m/s) Parameter Value

Power Generated 15 – 20 watt

IV. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
The model of our project as below in the Pro-e Software. In Swept Area 0.245 m2
which the wind is coming both opposite side of the Highway Rated Wind Speed 7 m/sec (25 km/hr)
road, the savonius turbines is placed at the center of the road.
Aspect Ratio 2
Diameter - Height 0.35 m - 0.7 m
Number of Blade 3

In Our Model, for generation of 15 to 20 watt electricity the

input parameter is given below as based on the above
recherché paper calculation.

Table - 2

Parameter Value

Fig 3 – Prototype model in Pro E

Power Generated 15 – 20 watt
The savonius turbine is directly connected to the generator / Swept Area 0.245 m2
motor with the help of the rotating shaft. The motor /
generator are generate the electricity which is use the straight Rated Wind Speed 7 m/sec (25 km/hr)
light or signal light. The Produce electricity may be in D.C or Aspect Ratio 2
A.C. depends upon the generator which is converted into use Diameter - Height 0.35 m - 0.7 m
full supply by the help of Rectifier. Burcin Deda altan and
Number of Blade 3
 V. CONCLUSION
From the design of the savonius turbine shows that a savonius
turbine with 3 blades is produced 15 to 20 watt that energies in
our prototype model at least 2 straight lights.
For the highway, According to Joe Architecture if the
dimension of the turbine is increase than produced 5 KW
electricity and glow 1 to 3 straight light or signal light.
In India or other country, if this project placed on the highway
than the electricity problem on the highway reduced.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
In this Four years of engineering our faculty has guide us to
achieve a goal and made us capable of completing our
engineering successfully. So we would never like to miss the
chance of thanking our faculty and college that has made us
such as that we would be asset of wherever we go always be
confidence and achieving our goals.
It is a pleasure to thank those who made this thesis possible.
Firstly, I would like to show my gratitude to my advisor, Asst.
Professor Rahul B. Patel and Asst Professor Taushif M.
Shaikh, whose encouragement; guidance and support always
motivate me to continue working on this project.
We would also like to thanks to Mr. S.M.Patel (Head of
Department) that gave us the chance to take over this project
and show his confidence that we would complete this project.
We would like to thanks our friends, parents and all the
persons those help us in our project and request them to do so
that we would complete our project successfully.
Finally, I would like to thank God for giving me wisdom and
guidance throughout my life.
REFERENCES

[1] Book of ‘Alternate Energy’ by Khanna publication, page

271 to 273.
[2] Book of ‘Alternate Energy’ by Khanna publication, page
275.
[3] Burcin Deda altan and Mehmet Atilgan from Deprtment
of mechanical engineering turkey are an experimental
study on improvement of a savonius rotor performance
with curtaining (June 2007).
[4] M.H. Mohamed, G.Janiga, E.Pap and D.Thevenin from
Germany are study on Optimization of Savonius turbines
using an obstacle shielding the returning blade (8 May
2010).
[5] Pro E wildfire 5.0 ( 2013).