Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 63 views

    3.5 Relations and Functions: Basics

    Uploaded by

    Mary Grace Rafaga
    1. The document discusses relations and functions, including defining relations as sets of ordered pairs, domains as sets of first coordinates, and ranges as sets of second coordinates. 2. It describes functions as relations where each input is mapped to only one output, and provides examples of using mapping tables to determine if a relation is a function. 3. Graphs are discussed, with the Vertical Line Test introduced to determine if a graph represents a function.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    3.5 Relations and Functions: Basics

    Uploaded by

    Mary Grace Rafaga
    63 views7 pages
    1. The document discusses relations and functions, including defining relations as sets of ordered pairs, domains as sets of first coordinates, and ranges as sets of second coordinates. 2. It describes functions as relations where each input is mapped to only one output, and provides examples of using mapping tables to determine if a relation is a function. 3. Graphs are discussed, with the Vertical Line Test introduced to determine if a graph represents a function.

    Original Title

    3.5.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The document discusses relations and functions, including defining relations as sets of ordered pairs, domains as sets of first coordinates, and ranges as sets of second coordinates. 2. It describes functions as relations where each input is mapped to only one output, and provides examples of using mapping tables to determine if a relation is a function. 3. Graphs are discussed, with the Vertical Line Test introduced to determine if a graph represents a function.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    63 views7 pages

    3.5 Relations and Functions: Basics

    Uploaded by

    Mary Grace Rafaga
    1. The document discusses relations and functions, including defining relations as sets of ordered pairs, domains as sets of first coordinates, and ranges as sets of second coordinates. 2. It describes functions as relations where each input is mapped to only one output, and provides examples of using mapping tables to determine if a relation is a function. 3. Graphs are discussed, with the Vertical Line Test introduced to determine if a graph represents a function.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 7

    3.

    5 Relations and Functions: Basics

    A. Relations

    1. A relation is a set of ordered pairs. For example,

         
          

        
    2. Domain is the set of all first coordinates:

          
    so 
    
     
    3. Range is the set of all second coordinates:

        
     
    so 

    B. Functions

    A function is a relation that satisfies the following:

    each  -value is allowed only one  -value



    Note: (above) is not a function, because has  -values and
    (violates our condition!)


    bad!

    1
    C. Testing Relations To See If They Are Functions

    We make a “mapping table”. We do this as follows:

    1. List all the  -values on the left.

    2. At each  -value, draw an arrow–one arrow pointing to each  -value it has.

    3. If you see a situation where an  -value has two or more arrows


    branching to  -values, then it is not a function.

    Examples:

    Check to see if the following relations are functions:

                  


                

    Solution
    Make a mapping table for :
     
    
     
    

    Thus we see that is a function.

    
    Make a mapping table for :
    
     
    
    

    
    Thus we see that is not a function!

    2
    C. Graphs and Functions

    To check to see if a graph determines a function, we apply the Vertical Line Test.

    Vertical Line Test:

    If a vertical line moved over allowed  -values intersects the graph


    exactly once (each time), the graph is a function; otherwise; it is not.

    Example:

    not a function!

    3
    D. “Function Machine”

    Since each  -value is allowed only one  -value (in a function), we can think of a function
    as a machine that “eats”  -values and spits back  -values–so that the machine only spits
    out one output for any input.

      

    YES NO

    E. Function Notation

    We call our “machine” that changes  -values into  -values a function operator, written .

    In other words, represents the function

                  


    Thus, since is a function, we can write

      
       
      
     

    4
    F. Comments on Function Notation

    1. here is not multiplication; it is function operation.

    2. To avoid confusion with variables, we write functions in cursive.

        
    Thus, we write  rather than  .

    3. In general:

      
     

     : the output  : the input


    : the function operator

     
    4. Note: is the function operator; but  is the output (same as  !)

    5
    G. Function Evaluation

     
    Sometimes a function has an output formula given by .

    To evaluate the output for , given an input:

    We just plug in the input, wherever we see  .

         
    Example 1: Given    . Find and .

    Solution

     
    : plug in where you see  :

           
    

      
    : plug in where you see  :

             
    

     
       
     
    Example 2: Given      . Find and .

    Solution

    
    

    : plug in where you see  :

    
      
       
      
      
    
    
    
       

    6
      
     
     : plug in where you see  :

         
        
       
    
     
      

    
    
     

      
    
     
    
    

          
    Example 3: Given   . Find   .

    Solution

         
      : plug in   where you see  :

          
       

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy