User Experience (Ux) / User Interface (Ui)
User Experience (Ux) / User Interface (Ui)
User Experience (Ux) / User Interface (Ui)
Tip
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WE ALL EXPERIENCE USER INTERFACES
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USER INTERFACES OF A DIFFERENT SORT
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WHAT IS GOOD DESIGN?
Did you ever see the time actually set on one of these?
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SOME ARE CONFUSING
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REALLY CONFUSING
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SOME THINGS ARE WELL DESIGNED
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WHAT IS USER EXPERIENCE? (UX)
Puts the end user at the center of the universe and defines the
system from that perspective
1. Functionality
2. System Organization and Structure
3. Interactions and Look and Feel
4. Access
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WHAT IS USER INTERFACE? (UI)
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research is focused on the
interfaces between people (users) and computers.
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WHY DO WE CARE ABOUT UX/UI?
Because it matters
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POOR UX MEANS PEOPLE WON’T USE YOUR
PRODUCT
People will call tech support People won’t use it even when it works
and will return it
Dated Study Of What A Call To E.g. an ISP had 30% of routers
Tech Support Costs returned as non-working but they
tested fine
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UX MATTERS – A TALE OF TWO MP3 PLAYERS
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UX MATTERS – A TALE OF TWO MP3 PLAYERS
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WHAT IS DESIGN?
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DESIGN IS HARD
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DESIGN IS EASY TO OVERDO
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WHAT IS A GOOD DESIGN?
2. Natural to use
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HUMAN CAPABILITIES VALUES & SENSIBILITIES
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HUMAN CAPABILITIES VALUES/SENSIBILITIES
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YOU MUST UNDERSTAND HUMAN CAPABILITIES
AND PREFERENCES TO DESIGN GREAT SYSTEMS
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YOU MUST UNDERSTAND HUMAN CAPABILITIES
AND PREFERENCES TO DESIGN GREAT SYSTEMS
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COLOR-BLIND PEOPLE USE OTHER CUES TO READ
TRAFFIC LIGHTS
No
Multiple Sizes One size fits most/enough
You can have different products for You can have a product for an
different types of users. average user and aim for average
within a subset of the market
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TRADITIONAL WATERFALL MODEL
Requirements
Design
Code
Integration
Acceptance
Release
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TRADITIONAL WATERFALL MODEL
Requirements
with feedback
Design
Code
Integration
Acceptance
Release
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TRADITIONAL WATERFALL MODEL
Release
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OPTION 2: ITERATIVE DESIGN
Design
Evaluate Implement
Deploy
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WHY NOT ITERATIVE DESIGN?
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OPTION 3: SPIRAL MODEL
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SPIRAL MODEL ITERATIONS
Three Steps
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KNOW YOUR USER
ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES, CAPABILITIES
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THE BEST TECHNIQUE: INTERVIEWING &
OBSERVING PEOPLE
Semi-structured interviews
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-
structured_interview
lots of tips for creating an interview guide and
how to conduct the interview.
Structured interviews
http://www.usability.gov/how-to-and-tools/methods/individual-
interviews.html
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HOW TO CONDUCT A STUDY?
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START WITH PAPER PROTOTYPES
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FANCIER EXAMPLE
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YOU ARE NOT LIMITED TO 8.5”X11”
AFTER PAPER, WIREFRAMES
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PUTS AND TAKES ON WIREFRAMING
Advantages Disadvantages
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Credits: Paper Prototyping
PRINCIPLES FOR DESIGNING UI’S
Jacob Nielsen’s
10 Principles Of
UI Design
https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/
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#1: MATCH THE REAL WORLD
Examples
Desktop
Trashcan
Dangers of metaphors
1. Often hard for designers to find
2. Deceptive
3. Constraining
4. Breaking the metaphor
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DIRECTLY MANIPULATE OBJECTS
Examples
Files and folders on a desktop
Scrollbar
Dragging to resize a rectangle
Selecting text
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OBJECTS SUGGEST SPECIFIC ACTIONS
(MANIPULATIONS) FOR USE
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NATURAL MAPPING
Norman, Donald A., "Knowledge in the Head and in the World". The Design of Everyday
Things. New York: Basic Book, 1988. 77
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ACTIONS SHOULD HAVE IMMEDIATE, VISIBLE
EFFECTS
Examples
Push buttons
Scrollbars
Drag & drop
Kinds of feedback
Visual
Audio
Haptic (conveyed by
sense of touch)
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#2: CONSISTENCY AND STANDARDS
Follow platform
conventions.…
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#3: HELP AND DOCUMENTATION
Help should be
1. Searchable
2. Context-sensitive
3. Task sensitive
4. Concrete
5. Short
6. NOT NEEDED
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#4: USER CONTROL AND FREEDOM
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#5: VISIBILITY OF SYSTEM STATUS
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#6: FLEXIBILITY AND EFFICIENCY
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#7: RECOGNITION, NOT RECALL
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#8: ERROR PREVENTION
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#9: HELP USERS RECOGNIZE, DIAGNOSE, AND
RECOVER FROM ERRORS
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#10: AESTHETIC AND MINIMALIST DESIGN
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TYPICAL AND UNFORTUNATE REACTIONS
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TYPICAL AND UNFORTUNATE REACTIONS
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OUR AIM IS CREATE A SYSTEM THAT
DELIGHTS THE USERS
We want to create a
great user experience
across the entire lifecycle
of system use
1.Acquiring
2.Installing
3.Using
4.Maintaining
5.Ending
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YOUR INTERFACE SHOULD BE SO SIMPLE A
DRUNK PERSON COULD USE IT
http://www.betaboston.com/news/2015/08/28/user-testing-that-mixes-cocktails-and-coding/ 64
SOME, MAYBE NOT SO MUCH
credit: http://judestewart.com/writing/Umbrellas.html
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#1: MATCH THE REAL WORLD
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CAUTIONS
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USER INTERFACE IS ABOUT A DIALOGUE
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