NOISE POLLUTION

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 NOISE

 What is Noise?

“The word noise comes from the Latin word NOXIA meaning "injury" or "hurt" .”
Noise is an unwanted, unpleasant and annoying sound caused by vibration of the
matter.

 Sounds produced by all vibrating bodies are not audible.

 The frequency limits of audibility are from 20 HZ to 20,000 HZ.

 A noise problem generally consists of three inter-related elements- the source,

the receiver and the transmission path.

 This transmission path is usually the atmosphere through which the sound is
propagated, but can include the structural materials of any building containing
the receiver

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 NOISE POLLUTION

Noise pollution: sound that is unwanted or disrupts one’s quality of life is called
noise.

When there is lot of noise in the environment, it is termed as noise pollution.

Terminology used in noise pollution

• Frequency: Frequency is the no of cycles repeated in unit time duration. Its unit is
cycle/sec or Hz ( 1 Hz = 1 Cycle/sec)

• Intensity: Amount of sound energy received/sec is known as intensity of sound. Its

Unit is decibel ( dB).

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 NOISE POLLUTION
Decibel: Decibel is defined as the logarithm to the base 10 to ratio of two
intensities

Lt=10 log 10 (I/I0) dB

Where: I= Measured Intensity, I0= Reference Intensity, Lt= Level of noise in dB

I is the intensity of the sound expressed in watts per meter and Io is the reference intensity 10-12 w/m2.
This is the threshold (minimum sound intensity) of hearing at 1 kHz for a young person under the best
circumstances.

Sources of Noise Pollution

1. Household Sources
2. Social Events
3. Commercial and Industrial Activities
4. Transportation

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MEASUREMENT OF NOISE

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MEASUREMENT OF NOISE

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 NOISE POLLUTION

1. Household Sources 2. Social Events

• Food Mixer • Places of Worship
• Grinder • Discos and Gigs
• Vacuum Cleaner • Parties
• Washing machine and Dryer • Markets with loudspeaker.
• Air Conditioner
• Straighter and curlers
• Cooler
• TV
• iPods and Earphones
• Loud speaker
• Neighbour's Barking Dog

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 NOISE POLLUTION

3. Commercial and Industrial Activities 4. Transportation

• Printing Presses • Road Traffic Noise

• Manufacturing Industries • Aircraft Noise
• Construction Sites • Noise from Rail Roads

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 CAUSE OF NOISE POLLUTION

1. Poor Urban Planning

2. Sounds from Motor Vehicles
3. Sounds from Musical Instruments
4. Car Alarms
5. Office Equipment
6. Factory Machinery
7. Construction Work
8. Barking Animals
9. Appliances
10. Audio Instruments
11. Loud Speakers
12. Noise Created by Crowd

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 EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION

1. Effects on Human 1. Effects on Human

2. Effects on Animals
3. Effects on Environment • Hearing Impairment
(Vegetation, Property) • Interference with Spoken Communication
• Decrease in Efficiency
• Lack of Concentration
• Fatigue
• Sleep Disturbances
• Cardiovascular Disturbances
• Disturbance in Mental Health
• Impaired Task Performance
• Negative Social Behaviour and
• Annoyance reactions
• Abortion
• Abnormal Foetus
• Temporary or Permanent Deafness
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 EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION

1. Effects on Human Diseases Caused by Noise Pollution

2. Effects on Animals
• High Blood Pressure
3. Effects on Environment • Heart Attack
(Vegetation, Property) • Cancer
• Asthma
• Coughing, wheezing
• Deafness
• Annoyance
• Stress
• Anxiety
• Reduced lung development
• Bronchitis
• Insomnia
• Arteriousclerosis

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 EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION

2. Effect on Animals

• Damages Nervous system

• Altering Prey/predator detection
• Creates problems in Navigation
• They become Dangerous and Attacking
• Raise Metabolism
• Reduction of useable Habitat
• Death of Certain Species
• Genetic and Evolutionary Problems
• Hormone imbalance
• Chronic Stress
• Panic and Escape Behaviour
• Abandonment of Offspring
• Injury
• Loudness of Interspecies Communication

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 EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION

3. Effects on Environment

• Breakage of Earth Barrier

• Poor Quality of Crops
• Damages Buildings, bridges and Monuments
• Weakens the Edifice of Building

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 CONTROL OF NOISE POLLUTION

1. Control at Source
2. Control in the Transmission Path
3. Using Protective Equipment

1. Control at Source

• Reducing the Noise Levels from Domestic Sectors

• Maintenance of Automobiles/Machines
• Use of Economic instruments
• Control over Vibrations
• Low Voice Speaking
• Prohibition on Usage of loudspeakers
• Selection of Machinery

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 CONTROL OF NOISE POLLUTION

1. Control at Source
2. Control in the Transmission Path
3. Using Protective Equipment

2. Control in the Transmission Path

• Installation of Barriers
• Installation of Panels and Enclosures
• Green Belt development

3. Using Protection Equipment

• Job Rotation
• Exposure Reduction
• Hearing Protection
• Protection at the Receiver End

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 CONTROL OF NOISE POLLUTION

1. Control at Source
2. Control in the Transmission Path
3. Using Protective Equipment

More Noise Control Techniques

• Sound insulation
• Sound Absorption
• Vibration Damping
• Vibration Isolation
• Urban Planning
• Public Education and Awareness

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 NOISE CONTROL STRATEGY

• Planting bushes/trees in and around sound generating sources is an effective

solution for noise pollution.
• Regular servicing and tuning of automobiles can effectively reduce the noise
pollution.
• Similar to automobiles, lubrication of the machinery and servicing should be
done to minimize noise generation.
• Buildings can be designed with suitable noise absorbing material for the walls,
windows, and ceilings.
• Workers should be provided with equipment such as ear plugs and earmuffs
for hearing protection.
• Soundproof doors and windows can be installed to block unwanted noise from
outside.

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 NOISE CONTROL STRATEGY

• Regulations should be imposed to restrict the usage of play loudspeakers in

crowded areas and public places.

• Factories and industries should be located far from the residential areas.

• Community development or urban management should be done with long-term

planning, along with an aim to reduce noise pollution.

• Social awareness programs should be taken up to educate the public about the
causes and effects of noise pollution.

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MEASUREMENT OF NOISE

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MEASUREMENT OF NOISE

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TYPICAL NOISE LEVELS

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SOUND LEVEL FOR HUMAN RESPONSE

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 DAMAGE RISK CRITERIA FOR HEARING LOSS
(OSHA REGULATIONS)

OSHA- Occupational Safety and Health Administration

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INDIAN STANDARDS FOR AMBIENT NOISE LEVELS

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NOISE POLLUTION STANDARDS

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 RULES & LAWS
Noise Regulation Rules under the Environment (Protection) Act of
1986.
• Industrial- 75db
• Commercial- 65 db
• Residential zones- 55 db
• Zones of silence
• No public address system after 10 pm and before 6 am.

Level of tolerance
• Normal level of tolerance is 80 db.
• Sound level below and above this is noise pollution.

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BEST WAY TO ESCAPE FROM NOISE POLLUTION

GO TO THE SILENT VALLEY

USE EAR PLUGS

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 QUESTIONS

What is noise?
What is noise pollution?
What are the effects of noise pollution?
How can we control the noise pollution?
“Work hard in Silence, let Success make the Noise”

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