National Artists of the Philippine for Dance 3.

Ramon Obusan ( 1938 – 2006 )

At the end of the module, I can : - Year of Conferment : 2006
 Enumerate some dance forms in the country and/or in the different regions - a dancer, choreographer, stage designer, and art director.
 Identify the National Artists for Dance - established the Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group (ROFG), a dance company that reflects the
 Explain the valuable contributions of these national artists in the development of Philippine culture of Filipinos in dance and music.
dance. - ROFG performed dance productions and rituals from ethnolinguistic and indigenous groups
 Explain their roles and identify their contribution to contemporary arts including those from the natives of Cordillera, the Bagobo, the Aeta, the Maranaw, and the T’boli.
B.E.S. Villaruz a dance scholar state that the diversity of Philippine dances, as “ manifested in different 4. Lucresia Reyes – Urtula ( 1929 – 1999 )
dynamics and forms, grew out of the various contexts and experiences of the people.” - Year of Conferment : 1988
This explains how the movement and choreography are based on the different environment in the - she was the dance director of the Bayanihan Philippine National Folk Dance Company ( now the
archipelago. Bayanihan Dance Company), which is considered as the oldest company in the country.
Tinikling one of the oldest dances in the country. The word tinikling is derived from the movements of - She choreographed creative dances based on her impressive research on cultural dances.
the tinikling bird as it wanders on grass stems and crushes several branches of trees. Dance - Some of her most recognized dances are the Singkil, Vinta, Tagabili, Pagdiwata, and Salidsid.
performers skip gracefully back and forth while trying to avoid getting their feet caught by two bamboo 5. Alice Reyes ( 1942 - )
poles. - Year of Conferment : 2014
Cariῆosa is another well-liked dance in the country. The word Cariῆosa is derived from the Spanish - the legendary founder of Ballet Philippines, the country’s premier ballet dance company
word that means “ the loving or affectionate one”. This is a courtship dance closely associated with the - A dancer and choreographer, she extensively trained abroad at the Colorado College and Sarah
Panay Islands in the Visayas region and is said to have Hispanic origin. Lawrence College.
Mindanao, home to the majority of the Muslims in the country, is known for spirituality, royalty, and - She is the choreographer of favorite ballet productions such as Cinderella and Romeo and Juliet,
splendor, which are evident in its dances. Muslim dances are characterized by colorful and elaborate and Filipino works such as Amada, Itim-Asu, Bayanihan Remebered, and Mga Babae.
costumes as well as precise and regal movements. Their most popular dances are the Pangalay,
Burung talo, and Asik. Contemporary Art Practices in the Philippines
What to Learn?
National Artist for Dance At the end of the lesson, students will be able to :
1. Francisca R. Aquino ( 1899 – 1983 )  Identify different contemporary art practices in the Philippines
- Year of Conferment : 1973  Explain the importance of festivals and rituals in the Philippines
- a teacher, nationalist, and the first Filipina to be awarded of the Order of the National Artists for Perez (2016) said that contemporary art practices are expressed in different ways, by an individual or
Dance. by a collaboration of several artists.
- In 1920’s, she conducted research on Filipino dances by visiting secluded districts and Perhaps on collaborative art that is very common to every region is the festival. A festival may be
neighborhoods in the island of Luzon. Her 1926 thesis entitled “Philippine Folk Dances and composed of various events such as street dancing, singing competitions, architectural decors like
Games” has been a thorough guide to many educators and students in understanding the floats.
different dances in the country. Some of the many festivals that represent our Philippine arts :
2. Leonor O. Goquingco ( 1917 – 2005 ) 1. Ati-Atihan Festival ( 3rd Weekend of January / Kalibo, Aklan )
- Year of Conferment : 1976 - This Sto Niῆo festival started it all. One of the oldest religious celebrations in the country, is
- also known as Christina Luna , has been dubbed as the Trailblazer, Mother of Philippine Theater characterized by a parade filled with face-painted celebrants, indegenus costumes and
Dance, and Dean of Filipino performing Arts Critics. weapons, tribal dances, and loud drumbeats
- Pioneered the blending of folk dance and ballet - Tourist who flock to Kalibo for the festivities are free to cover themselves in black soot and
- Her famous choreographies includes, The Firebirds, The Clowns, and Noli Dance Suite dance on the street with drum beats.
- Her book The Dance of the Emerald Isles: A Great Philippine Heritage published in 1980 covers - Known as the “ Filipino Mardi Gras, “ it is truly an experience not to be missd.
a comprehensive cross section of the inestimable music and dance of the Filipinos. 2. Sinulog Festival ( 3rd Weekend of January / Cebu City )
- Cebu also has its own version of the festival in honor of the Sto. Nino.
 - “Pit Seῆor!” is a phrase you will hear a lot. It means “Panangpit na Seῆor,” a Cebuano phrase - For a lot of people who are in Manila, heading to the CCP Complex is the cheapest way to see
that means to plead to the Seῆor Sto. Niῆo the quality performances from the tribes representing festivals in their respective provinces.
- It is one of the most attended festivals in the Philippines, attracting millions of locals and Plus it is always great to see the tribes from Dinagyang and Sinulog give their A-performances
tourists from all over the world. to grab the million peso grand prize.
3. Dinagyang Festival ( 4th Weekend of January / Iloilo City ) 9. Kadayawan Festival ( 3rd Week of August / Davao City )
- is a religious and cultural festival in iloilo City, Philippines held on fourth Sunday of January - Kadayawan comes from the Dabawenyo word “madayaw” a friendly greeting which means
- It was voted as the best Tourism event for 2006, 2007, and 2008 by the Association of good or beautiful. Probably the biggest festival in Mindanao, Kadayawan has everything all
Tourism Officers in the Philippines. other festival have : Street dancing, beauty pageants, fireworks displays, and floral floats
4. Panagbenga Festival ( whole month of February / Baguio City ) - It is a celebration of Davao’s as well as the rest of Mindanao’s abundance; showcasing
- The word “Panagbenga” comes from Kankanaey term which means “season of blooming”. flowers, fruits, and other products that abound the country’s second largest island. Just two
- The festival includes float that are decorated with flowers unlike those used in Pasadena’s years ago, they even introduced a week long street food fiesta in Freedom Park, Rozas
Rose Parade. It also includes street dancing, presented by dancers clad in flowers inspired Avenue called Kaan sa Da’n
costumes that is inspired by the Bendian, an Ibaloi dance celebration that came from the 10. MassKara Festival ( 19th of October / Bacolod City )
Cordillera region. - MassKara is a combination of the words “mass” means crowd and “kara” means face. You will
- is a religious and cultural festival in iloilo City, Philippines held on fourth Sunday of January see participants wearing a smiling masks signifying a multitude of smiling faces, solidifying
5. Pahiyas Festival ( 15th of May / Lucban, Quezon ) Bacolod’s title as the “City of Smiles”.
- One of the Philippines’s most colorful harvest festival, May 15th marks that time of the year - Like Sinulog, it is also swarmed by the younger party crowd as it is conveniently scheduled
when people in Lucban decorate their houses with different colored decoration produces in an during the semester break.
almost competitive manner.
6. Pintados Festival (29th of June / Tacloban City )
- is a merry making event lasting a whole month of June, highlights of which include the Leyte Creative Juices
Kasadyaan .
- the Leytenos celebrate a religious festival in a unique and colorful way. Since the Visayans are Task : You are a fashion designer. You need to design a costumes for male and female dancers of the
experienced in the art of body tattooing, men and women are fond of tattooing themselves production Filipinescas: Philippine Life, Legend and Lore in Dance. Your design should be Filipino and
7. Moriones Festivals ( Holy week / Boac, Gasan, and Mogpog Marinduque ) at the same time, contemporary. Your design can be layout as portrait or landscape
- The Moriones Festival is a folk-religious event held annually during Holy Week on the island of
Marinduque, considered the geographical heart of the Philippines.
- The word “Morion” refers to the visor of the helmet that is associated with the armor of Roman
soliders. The word “Moriones” refers to the local inhabitants who dress up in costumes and
masks of Roman soldiers during Biblical times.
- For seven days, from Holy Monday to Easter Sunday, the masked and costumed Moriones
march around town scaring children and making a ruckus in a reenactment of the search for
Longinus, the Roman centurion who pierced the side of the crucified Christ.
- In the Bible, Longinus was blind in one eye, but the blood that spurted out of Christ’s side
reached his eye and fully restored his sight. The miracle converted Longinus to Christianity,
but he was scorned by his fellow centurions who ended up murdering him.
8. Aliwan Fiesta ( Last Weekend of April / Pasay City, Manila )
- Aliwan Fiesta is more of a competition than it is a festival. However, it has undeniably added
great value to the growing interest in Philippine festivals. Although it just started in the early
2000s, it has already gained a strong fan-based nationwide with more than 5000 young men
and women from all over the country joining the competition.
Plate No. 15
Festival Costume Design
 culture or theme reflect the theme.
period, culture
or theme.
Student turns
Student turns in a complete,

Designers concept,
Student turns
Student turns in a in a complete, although

(including use of
in a complete, Student turns

symbols, color,
complete, interesting uninteresting
interesting, and in a complete Student turns in a
fascinating and design concept design concept
justified design concept, partial design
entirely justified and rationale, and rationale,
rationale for but lacks a concept

textures
rationale for their but the and the
their design rationale.
design concept. rationale needs rationale needs
concept.
to be expanded to be
expanded.
Student Student is well Student is The student is The student is Student is not
demonstrates prepared & prepared & somewhat somewhat less prepared to

Presentation
excellent researched and researched and prepared & than prepared, present.
preparation & appears is fairly researched & and the
research and knowledgeable; knowledgeable; does appear to research is
appears and has but might need know the lacking; and
knowledgeable obviously a few more subject ; but clearly did not
and natural in rehearsed. rehearsals clearly did not rehearse.
delivery. rehearse much.
No drawings OR
Drawings are Drawings Drawings

Drawing Accuracy
Drawings Drawings drawings are
innovative and accurately somewhat
reflect design generally do seriously
unique and reflect reflect design reflect design
elements and not reflect incomplete.
design elements elements and elements and
details of design Student made no
and details of details of details of
Plate No. 15 Plate No. 15 character, & elements and effort to take
character, & still character, and character, yet
Festival Costume Design Festival Costume Design maintains play details of clues from play
maintains play maintains play maintains play
integrity characte to represent the
integrity integrity. integrity.
character.
The drawings are The drawings The drawings The drawings The drawings The drawings are
Your work must be colored.

Attention to

Attractivenes
exceptionally are attractive are somewhat are not always are neither incomplete,
Note : Your design can be that of the festival dancers or that of dance that use in modern attractive and and attractive and attractive and attractive nor untidy and lack
competition, just do follow the format above. Happy working!.. Enjoy… informative in informative in informative in informative in informative in relevance to the

Detail/
terms of design, terms of terms of terms of terms of play
You will be graded using this rubric layout, and design, layout, design, layout, design, layout, design, layout,
Costume Design Rubric

s
neatness and neatness. and neatness. and neatness and neatness.
Not
Fully Developed Developed Developing
Developed
Excellent Skillful Sufficient Uneven Insufficient Unsatisfactory
Presentation 6 Presentation Presentation Presentation Presentation Presentation
5 4 3 2 1
Detailed Innovative & goes Design is The design The design The design is Historical and
beyond expected somewhat somewhat captures the based on the cultural details
analysis
concepts while "outside the captures the "flavor" of the logical are missing from
maintaining the box"& captures "flavor" of the play but is not principles of the design.
integrity & the the "flavor" of play by original, and design, but has
"flavor" of the the play by including a few includes very little or no
play by including including details which few details 'flavor
several details several details reflect the which reflect
which accurately which period, culture the period,
reflect the period, accurately or theme. culture or
Photography 101 : How to take better photos Focus
Why do we take pictures? Adjust the distance setting on a lens to define the subject sharply. Basically, always try producing a
Basically, we take pictures : sharp image.
• to capture memories Centre of Interest
• to tell stories - Each picture should have only one principal idea, topic, or center of interest to which the
• to communicate with others viewer's eyes are attracted.
• to prove - A picture without a dominant center of interest or one with more than one dominant center of
• to relate interest is puzzling to a viewer.
• to reveal - The viewer becomes confused and wonders what the picture is all about. When the picture
• to celebrate has one, and only one, dominant "point of interest," the viewer quickly understands the picture
• to protect - A photographer usually has many factors or elements that can be used and arranged within
• to document the picture area to draw or direct attention. Some of these elements are lines, shapes,
• to sell or advertise human figures, tone, and texture.
What one thing ruins more pictures than anything else?
• BLUR from an out of focus image Rule of Thirds
How to prevent this from happening? - This is an easy way to create emphasis, balance and interest in your work.
 Hold your camera correctly. Use two hands to help prevent that blur - Divide the picture area into thirds, both vertically and horizontally. Locate the center of interest
How to hold your camera at one of the intersections of the lines (marked in green). You can then create a feeling of
 Keep your elbows propped lightly against your torso for support. balance to the composition
 Place one foot half a pace ahead of the other to keep your upper body stable.
 Hold the camera as steady as possible.
 Lightly press the shutter button.
Composition:
- is the pleasing arrangement of elements within a scene ( the main subject, the foreground and
background, the supporting subjects )
Types of Shot
Keep in mind that you can do a long shot, medium shot, close up and an extreme close up when
taking pictures
Figure 1. Rule of Third

Rule of Thirds
Can you spot how the rule of thirds were used in the following examples?

1. ELS = Extreme Long Shot 6. CU = Close Up

2. LS = Long Shot 7. ECU = Extreme Close Up
3. MLS = Medium Long Shot
4. MS = Medium Shot
5. MCU = Medium Close Up

Figure 1. Type of shot

 REMEMBER
Try to avoid placing your subject in the
middle of the frame. It makes the
picture uninteresting to look at.

Emphasis
- Connected to the centre of interest and composition, is emphasis. Emphasis is the focal point
in a composition. It is where one area stands out or draws the viewer's eye. The photographer
decides to do this through various techniques.
- This can be done through framing, composition and by contrast. A photographer can show
emphasis through framing choice, whether he uses a vertical or horizontal format. Or he might
show emphasis by the placement of the subject, governed by the rule of thirds.
Angle/Viewpoint
- Various positions of the camera (high, medium, or low; and left, right, or straight on) can give a
different viewpoint, perspective or visual effect. The proper viewpoint or camera angle is an
important factor in good composition. Repositioning your subject within the viewfinder frame
and changing the camera viewpoint or camera angle are two simple ways of controlling
composition.
Light & Shadows
- Lighting is an important creative element of composition. By controlling the light and directing it
where you want it, you can subdue objects or distracting elements in the scene to give more
emphasis to the main point of interest.