COPYEDITING AND

HEADLINE WRITING
Mr. Antonio Delgado
August 15, 2012
San Antonio Central School
COPYREADING
 It is the art of arranging, correcting,
and selecting the quality and type of
news
 It is also called copyediting.
 One who edits copies is called a
copyreader or copyeditor
RESPONSIBILITIES
OF A COPYEDITOR
1) edits errors on grammar
2) edits errors of fact
3) edits verbose copy
4) deletes opinion/slant and libelous
statements
5) makes sure articles follow the
newspaper style
6) writes the headline
WHAT IS STYLE?
 In journalism, it refers to the fact
that every time a certain term
appears in a newspaper, they are
spelled the same way.
 It also covers the use of
abbreviations, titles, punctuations
and how time is mentioned.
 BASICS OF
NEWSPAPER STYLE
NUMBERS
The numbers 1 – 9 are written in
words while the numbers 10 and
above are written in figures.
Example:
nine students
13 children
NUMBERS
EXCEPTIONS:
 dates, address: always in figures.
 proper nouns: may be written in
figures/words
 beginning of sentence: always in
words
 events: 1st – 9th is allowed
SPELLING
 Look for misspelled words.
 Here in the Philippines, American
English is used, not British English.
Ex: color, not colour
 If a word has more than one
accepted spelling, the shortest one
is preferred.
Ex: judgment, instead of judgement
CAPITALIZATION
 The first letter of the sentence is
always capitalized.
 Proper nouns are capitalized,
common nouns are not.
Ex: singer
Regine Velasquez
CAPITALIZATION
 Small letters are usually used for
title or position.
Ex: Mrs. Cecilia Burayag, the
principal of BCIS, delivered the
opening remarks.
 Capitalized titles: Governor Umali
ABBREVIATIONS
 Spell out Dept., gov’t, and other
abbreviations.
 The abbreviations Jr. and Sr. are
allowed in names.
 A title or position of a person may
be abbreviated if it appears before
the name but not if simply used in
the sentence.
ABBREVIATIONS
 Remember:
Engr. Emmanuel Delgado;
Engineer Delgado
 Remember:
12 Dimagiba St.
Dimagiba Street
ACRONYMS
 Acronyms are usually written in
capital letters.
Example:
DSWD
 Check if the letters of the acronym
are in the correct order.
ACRONYMS
When an acronym appears for the
first time in a news story, it is
written after its meaning and it is
enclosed in parentheses.
Ex: University of the Philippines (UP)
PARAGRAPH
 The first sentence of a paragraph is
indented.
 In news stories, the rule is one
paragraph, one sentence only.
LEAD
 There should be no names of
unknown persons in the lead.
 Check for buried leads.
 The standard lead answers the 5 Ws
and 1 H.
GRAMMAR
Check for errors in:
 Tenses of Verbs
 Subject-Verb Agreement
 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
(agreement in gender and number)
 Articles (a, an, the)
GRAMMAR
Remember:

he said and not said he;

Aquino said and not said Aquino
PUNCTUATION: PERIOD .
 It is used at the end of declarative
and imperative sentences.
 It is used in abbreviations such as
p.m., a.m., Jr., Sr., Pres., Sen.,
Rep., Gov., Gen., Capt., Dr., Fr.,
Atty., Corp., and Inc.
 Acronyms of schools, organizations
and offices do not need periods.
PUNCTUATION: COMMA ,
Use commas:
 to separate the month and day from
the year.
 to separate the street, barangay,
town and province in an address
 to separate facts concerning victims
and suspects.
Ex: Jolas Burayag, 17, of Barangay
San Fernando Norte
PUNCTUATION: COMMA ,
Do not use commas:
 to separate the abbreviations Jr.,
Sr., or III from the name.
Ex: Emmanuel Delgado Jr.
PUNCTUATION: COMMA ,
(Filipino) Gumamit ng kuwit sa
paghihiwalay ng mga pananalitang
pasalungat na pinangungunahan ng
ngunit, datapwat, hindi, atbp.
Hal: Mayaman sila, ngunit hindi sila
maligaya.
COLON : AND SEMICOLON ;
Use colons when presenting a series of
information and use semicolons to
separate components of the series.
Ex: Elected officers of the Board of
Elders are: Dr. Arturo Guina,
President; Atty. Ferdinand Dumlao,
Vice President; Dr. Narciso V.
Matienzo, Secretary; and Dr. Poyen
Pini, Treasurer.
PUNCTUATION: HYPHEN -
Use hyphen:
 in most compound nouns

Ex: editor-in-chief, officer-in-charge

 in fractions

Ex: two-thirds, three-fourths

 (English) in numerals

Ex: twenty-two, fifty-nine

PUNCTUATION: HYPHEN -
(Filipino) Gumamit ng gitling kapag
ang isang tanging ngalan ay
inuunlapian.
Hal: maka-Estrada
taga-Cabanatuan
pam-Bagong Taon
PUNCTUATION: HYPHEN -
 (Filipino) Gumamit ng gitling sa
pagitan ng unlaping ika- at
tambilang o oras.
Hal: Ika-7 ng Agosto
Ika-3:35 ng madaling araw
 (Filipino) Sa mga salitang ang
kayarian ay inuulit.
Hal: kabi-kabila
PUNCTUATION: DASH —
Use a dash between two figures to
indicate inclusion of all intervening
figures.
Avoid:from Aug. 15 to 30
Better: Aug. 15 — 30
PUNCTUATION:
QUOTATION MARKS “ ”
 Quotation marks are used in direct
quotations. Indirect quotations do
not need them.
Ex: “I forgot it,” he said.
He said he forgot it.
 Periods and commas are written first
before closing quotation marks.
Ex: “Let’s go to SM,” the boy said.
PUNCTUATION:
QUOTATION MARKS “ ”
 Quotation marks are used to set off
an alias or nickname.
Ex: Ramon “Bong” Revilla Jr.
Juan Chua alias “Boy Singkit”
 Do not use quotation marks to set off
titles of events, shows, movies,
books, etc.
Ex: We watched The Titanic.
But: We watched “Walang Hanggan”.
PUNCTUATION: APOSTROPHE
 (English) Apostrophes are used in the
‘
possessive form of the noun.
Ex: the teacher’s table
the teachers’ meeting
 Apostrophes are used in
contractions.
Ex: I’m (I am)
you’re (you are)
COPYEDITING SYMBOLS
Symbol Instruction Example
COPYEDITING SYMBOLS
Symbol Instruction Example
COPYEDITING SYMBOLS
Symbol Instruction Example
COPYEDITING SYMBOLS
Symbol Instruction Example
COPYEDITING SYMBOLS
Symbol Instruction Example
COPYEDITING SYMBOLS
Symbol Instruction Example
REMINDERS
Delete editorializing words/phrases.
Ex: The very beautiful and intelligent
principal…
The cops were right in arresting…
REMINDERS
Check for redundancies
Ex: the concert the concert ended
at the back of the rear
advance planning
asked a question
repeat again
REMINDERS
 REMEMBER: After editing the news
story, write 30 at the end of the
article.
 REMEMBER: If the article is not yet
finished, write more at the
bottom of the page.
MGA PAALALA (FILIPINO)
 Wastong paglalapi ng pandiwa
Mali: Nagdala ang mga bangkay ng
mga biktima sa Gospel Memorial
Homes.
 Wastong gamit ng dito at rito, din at
rin, atbp.
 Wastong gamit ng sa at kay
 Wastong gamit ng ang, si at ni
 Wastong gamit ng nang at ng
HEADLINE
WRITING
HEADLINE
 an assemblage of words written in
bigger, bolder letters than the usual
page text at the beginning of the
news
 it is not a title
FUNCTIONS OF HEADLINE
1) to attract readers
2) to tell the story (in a summary)
3) to add variety of type
4) to identify personality of
newspaper
5) to index/grade the news
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
1. First, read the story for general
meaning.
2. Clues to the headline are usually in
the lead.
What happened?
Who did what?
How did if happen?
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
3.Use the shortest words possible.
Examples include:
cop – policeman
nab – arrest
mishap – accident
up – increase
down – decrease
thief - robber
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
4.Have a subject and a verb. Avoid
starting with a verb; the headline
might sound as if it were giving
orders.
Wrong: Revise money mart guidelines
Correct: Central Bank revises money
mart guidelines
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
5.Use the historical present tense if
the verb is in the active voice.
Wrong: Reyes topped editorial tilt
Correct: Reyes tops editorial tilt
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
6.Omit the helping verb if the verb is
in the passive voice. Only the past
participle is retained.
Wrong: Drug pushers are nabbed
Correct: Drug pushers nabbed
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
7.Use the infinitive for future events.
Wrong: City Hall will punish anti-
squatting drive
Correct: City Hall to punish anti-
squatting drive
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
8. Do not use a period at the end of
the headline.
9. Omit articles (a, an, the).
Wrong: A fire hits Tondo slum area
Correct: Fire hits Tondo slum area
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
10.Use a comma instead of “and” in
writing headlines.
Delays, confusion bug Asiad
Lacson, Trillanes no show at SONA
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
11. Use semicolon to separate
sentences.
Gina Lopez heads Pasig body;
Noy swears in 35 other execs
12. Use the punctuation marks
(especially the exclamation point)
sparingly.
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
13. Use single quotes (‘) in headlines
instead of double quotes (“).
14. Always give the source of a quote.
Quotation marks are not necessary,
a dash or a colon will serve the
purpose.
Crackdown on errant bus firms – Enrile
Enrile: Crackdown on errant bus firms
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
15.Use the down-style – only the first
word and proper nouns are
capitalized, unless otherwise
indicated. This is more readable
because people are used to reading
sentences this way.
Ex: Faculty honors Nuñez
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
Use only widely known
16.
abbreviations.
Wrong: JEE to play Santa this
Christmas
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
Don’t use names unless the person
17.
is well known, use common nouns
instead.
Wrong: Santos electrocuted
Correct: Carpenter electrocuted
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
Use specific terms instead of
18.
generalities
Example: Trader killed
Better: Trader stabbed to death
POINTERS IN HEADLINE WRITING
19. Just report the facts; do not
editorialize.
Wrong: Noy gives inspiring talks
(The word “inspiring” is just your
opinion.)
20. Be positive. Don't use negatives in
headlines. They weaken not only
the headlines but also the stories.
DIRECTIONS TO THE PRINTER
DIRECTIONS TO THE PRINTER
1/18/TNR-B/1
Enrolment ups by 18% (20 units) FL/DS

1 – number of columns
18 – font size or points
TNR – font or type
B – font style
1 – number of lines
DIRECTIONS TO THE PRINTER
1/18/TNR-B/1
Enrolment ups by 18% (20 units) FL/DS

FL – headline pattern
DS – downstyle
(20 units) – unit counts
DIRECTIONS TO THE PRINTER
1 – line spacing
11 – font size or
points
TNR – font or type
1/11/TNR-N
N – font style
{ - text to which
the direction
will apply
UNIT COUNTS
A count system considers differences
in the widths of letters.
Capital letters: Small letters:
M, W – 2 units m, w – 1 ½ units
JLIFT – 1 unit jlift – ½ unit
Others – 1 ½ units others – 1unit
UNIT COUNTS
Punctuation marks:
dash (–) – 1 ½ units
question mark (?) – 1 unit
others - ½ unit

Number digits:
0 to 9 – 1 unit

Space – 1 unit
UNIT COUNTS
BCIS bags medals in NEPPESA quiz bee
B C I S b a g s
1½+1½+1+1½+1+1+1+1+1+1
(11 ½ units)
m e d a l s i n
1½+1+1+1+1+1+1+½+1+1
(10 units)
UNIT COUNTS
BCIS bags medals in NEPPESA quiz bee
N E P P E S A
1½+1½+1½+1½+1½+1½+1½+1
(11 ½ units)
q u i z b e e
1+1+½+1+1+1+1+1
(7 ½ units)
TOTAL = 11 ½ + 10 + 11 ½ + 7 ½ = 40 ½ units
 THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING!
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